Bacterial bacterial proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

Bacterial effectors are proteins secreted by pathogenic bacteria into the cells of their host, usually using a type 3 secretion system (TTSS/T3SS), a type 4 secretion system (TFSS/T4SS) or a Type VI secretion system (T6SS). (wikipedia.org)
Phagocytes recognize bacteria directly [e.g., through the so-called scavenger receptor A which recognizes bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ] or indirectly through antibodies (IgG) and complement proteins (C3bi) which coat the bacteria and are recognized by the Fcγ receptors and integrinαmβ2 (complement receptor 3). (wikipedia.org)
Research in mice and zebrafish shows how a protein from gut bacteria could drive the development of diabetes, opening up new pathways for treatment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
A new study published in Cell Metabolism shows that a protein called beta cell expansion factor A (BefA) secreted by gut bacteria could induce the replication of insulin-producing beta cells in neonatal mice. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Moreover, the authors had also identified a version of the BefA protein synthesized by gut bacteria in humans that could stimulate the proliferation of beta cells in zebrafish. (medicalnewstoday.com)
This new study provides direct evidence to suggest that bacteria can secrete proteins that form an amyloid fibril, which enters the host neurons and promotes protein aggregation and neurodegeneration. (hku.hk)
Inhibiting the ability of the bacteria to secrete such proteins may be a preventative treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. (hku.hk)
Moreover, although the abundance of most protein groups reflected that of related bacterial populations, we found a specific independent regulation of bacteria-derived cell envelope proteins. (bmj.com)
The system involves the study of what are termed autotransporter proteins, which pathogenic bacteria secrete as virulence factors for infection. (anl.gov)
However, scientists uncovered that the BPI protein from scorpionfish successfully slipped past the immune defenses of cystic fibrosis patients and was notably effective in fighting gram-negative bacteria. (chipchick.com)
Tiny proteins found in the genomes of some types of bacteria are effective weapons against a wide range of other bacteria, opening the door for the development of new therapies in the age of antibiotic resistance, according to new research at the University of Notre Dame. (nd.edu)
The team sequenced the genome of a bacterial species isolated from the seed and discovered a portion of one bacteriocin, AS-48, would interact with the membranes of certain types of bacteria like E. coli. (nd.edu)
Due to their copy numbers on prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), S-layer proteins are the most abundant class of proteins on earth. (ox.ac.uk)
These proteins are present in cells from bacteria to humans. (uni-kiel.de)
However, if the researchers added a chemical substance to fluidize the membranes, the bacteria could maintain their shape even without flotillin proteins. (uni-kiel.de)
We showed that one common strategy is to bind complement inhibitor C4BP, which leads to decreased opsonisation of bacteria with C3b impairing phagocytosis and allowing bacterial survival. (lu.se)
These bacteria use the surface protein Usp2 to capture and incapacitate the major complement factor C3. (lu.se)
We have recently discovered that these compounds also completely re-sensitize bacteria to conventional antibiotics and have demonstrated their effectiveness against multi-drug resistant bacterial strains including MRSA. (grantome.com)
Symbiotic bacteria use the roughly 100-nanometer-long syringe-like machines to inject proteins into host cells to help adjust the biology of their surroundings and enhance their survival. (datadance.ai)
In bacteria, all nascent proteins bear the pretranslationally formed N-terminal formyl-methionine (fMet) residue. (microbialcell.com)
One possibility is that the similarity of the formyl and acetyl groups, their identical locations in N‑terminally formylated (Nt‑formylated) and Nt-acetylated proteins, and the recently discovered proteolytic function of Nt-acetylation in eukaryotes might also signify a proteolytic role of Nt‑formylation in bacteria. (microbialcell.com)
In rod-shaped bacteria, several protein complexes are regularly positioned along the cell without any known recruitment factor. (mpg.de)
However, they suggest that the model's generality means that it is likely applicable to other regularly positioned, yet dynamic, proteins, such as those regulating cell division in rod-shaped bacteria. (mpg.de)
Biofilm is a complex matrix consisting of extracellular polysaccharides, DNA, and proteins that protect bacteria from a variety of physical, chemical, and biological stresses allowing them to survive in hostile environments. (intechopen.com)
The biofilm matrix consists of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA and constitutes a stubborn source that protects bacteria from a variety of physical, chemical, and biological stresses. (intechopen.com)
Endotoxins (bacterial cell wall components released when certain bacteria disintegrate). (cdc.gov)
Typically in CSF, levels of protein increase, and because bacteria consume glucose and because less glucose is transported into the CSF, glucose levels decrease. (msdmanuals.com)

The remarkable hypothesis-that the devastating dementia whose cause and cure has long eluded neuroscientists is caused by a bacterial infection-demands remarkable evidence. (acs.org)
In this study we asked the question whether the determination of procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL- Ra) was superior to these commonly used markers for the prediction of a serious bacterial infection (SBI). (nih.gov)
Compared to commonly used screening methods such as the McCarthy score, leucocyte count and other inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and interleukin- receptor antagonist, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein offer a better sensitivity and specificity in predicting serious bacterial infection in children with fever without localising signs. (nih.gov)
One such example is diphtheria toxin, which is produced by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and causes diphtheria, a serious and potentially fatal bacterial infection of the nose and throat. (scitechdaily.com)
Because this was derived from a commensal bacterium in a plant source, it may have application as an agricultural product to prevent bacterial infection in plants and crops. (nd.edu)
BioID screen for bacterial virulence proteins: new tools for… The discovery of penicillin in the 1920s revolutionized our ability to treat bacterial infection. (atlasofscience.org)
These guidelines include the recommendation that all persons who are known to be infected with HIV, or are at increased risk of HIV infection, receive a tuberculin skin test (Mantoux test with tuberculin units 5 {TU} of purified protein derivative {PPD}-tuberculin). (cdc.gov)
Acute bacterial meningitis is rapidly progressive bacterial infection of the meninges and subarachnoid space. (msdmanuals.com)

They correspond to functions allowing opportunistic pathogens to colonise the mucus layers, breach the host barriers and invade the mucosae, which could still be aggravated by decreased host-derived pancreatic zymogen granule membrane protein GP2 in CD patients. (bmj.com)
When plants are attacked by bacterial pathogens, a substance called coronatine from these pathogens uses the jasmonic acid system inside the plant cells to suppress the plant's disease response, making the plant more susceptible to disease. (isaaa.org)
A Drug Target Protein (DTP) Database has been developed having mainly in silico predicted potential drug target proteins and non human homologous genes in bacterial human pathogens. (scialert.net)
Currently 10 bacterial pathogens are considered as initials of the database with their general information (disease caused, common symptoms, available drugs etc). (scialert.net)
Unfortunately, seed derived products can become contaminated with bacterial pathogens that were initially present in or on seeds. (canada.ca)
In addition, seed powders and protein powders are low-moisture foods and bacterial pathogens such as Salmonella and Bacillus cereus ( B. cereus ) can survive for extended periods of time in these low-moisture products. (canada.ca)
Given that many seed derived products are consumed "as is," the presence of bacterial pathogens creates a potential risk for foodborne illnesses. (canada.ca)

Gram negative microbes are also suspected to deploy bacterial outer membrane vesicles to translocate effector proteins and virulence factors via a membrane vesicle trafficking secretory pathway, in order to modify their environment or attack/invade target cells, for example, at the host-pathogen interface. (wikipedia.org)
These proteins are synthesized in the bacterial cytoplasm and cross one membrane into the bacterial periplasm. (anl.gov)
Autotransporter proteins then remain in an unfolded state in the periplasm until they pass through the outer bacterial membrane, folding properly along the way. (anl.gov)
The study identified the ways in which proteins cross a cell membrane, a finding that could create a scientific foundation for better ways of delivering drugs into cells in the future, or for treating illnesses caused by bacterial toxins. (scitechdaily.com)
Until now, the most popular hypothesis was that proteins pass through small holes, known as pores, in the membrane, akin to the Parisian statue, Le Passe-Muraille , of a man passing through a wall. (scitechdaily.com)
FtsZ is a cytoskeletal protein that participates in the formation, on the inner side of the cytoplasmic bacterial membrane, of the "septal ring", a protein complex responsible for cell division [1]. (cea.fr)
Furthermore, we suggest a new mechanism for force generation in which the orientation and type of monomer attachment to the surface could play an important role in modulating the force exerted by filament aggregates on the bacterial membrane during cell division [5,6]. (cea.fr)
Until now, scientists assumed that these flotillins mainly help in the formation of other functional protein complexes and confine highly ordered areas of the cell membrane. (uni-kiel.de)
A team of international researchers, including researchers from Kiel University, has now found indications of a possible different function of the flotillins: together with colleagues from the Universities of Groningen (the Netherlands) and Bordeaux (France), among others, the Kiel researchers were able to show that flotillin proteins apparently have a direct influence on the structure of the cell membrane and can make it more fluid under certain conditions. (uni-kiel.de)
Until now, researchers assumed that the so-called flotillin proteins serve to contribute to the formation of the necessary functional protein complexes - for example by delimiting certain areas of the membrane. (uni-kiel.de)
In addition, the protein machinery that synthesises the cell wall moves dynamically through the cell membrane and this movement is significantly reduced in the absence of the flotillins. (uni-kiel.de)
We therefore assume that they take over a physical role in the bacterial membrane," emphasises Abigail Savietto, PhD student in Bramkamp's group at Kiel University. (uni-kiel.de)
In further research, the researchers hope to find out what is the exact molecular mechanism between the flotillin proteins and membrane fluidity. (uni-kiel.de)
It is possible that the flotillin proteins are able to bind certain phospholipids that reduce fluidity and thus increase the total fluidity of the cell membrane. (uni-kiel.de)
It might be possible to use this mechanism, for example to specifically alter the membrane of bacterial cells in such a way that they can be killed more easily with antibiotics," Bramkamp looks ahead. (uni-kiel.de)
If this was some rare event with trace amounts of membrane proteins sloughing off from one cell onto another, that wouldn't be surprising. (biomedcentral.com)
E. Nudleman et al, "Cell-to-cell transfer of bacterial outer membrane lipoproteins," Science 309:125-7, July 1, 2005. (biomedcentral.com)
While many proteins can be captured by an existing landmark or by sensing membrane curvature, this is not always the case. (mpg.de)
However, such reconstruction studies are frequently hampered by difficulties in preparing membrane-associated proteins. (elsevierpure.com)
The synthesized proteins showed polymerization, membrane localization, and eventually membrane deformation. (elsevierpure.com)
Our cell-free approach provides a platform for studying protein dynamics associated with lipid membrane and paves the way to create a synthetic cell that undergoes self-reproduction. (elsevierpure.com)

Finally, even within the same bacterial species, different strains often have different repertoires of effectors. (wikipedia.org)
Here we demonstrated that constitutively expressed fluorescent proteins can be used to track the growth of individual strains in different liquid media. (biorxiv.org)
Furthermore, we were able to track the growth of two different strains simultaneously by using fluorescent proteins with differential excitation and emission wavelengths. (biorxiv.org)
By adopting this approach, it is possible to measure growth of several bacterial strains simultaneously in high temporal resolution and in a high throughput manner. (biorxiv.org)
We will develop further analogues of our compounds and will detail their effects, as adjuvant therapies, on the performance of many current antibiotics against multiple bacterial strains. (grantome.com)
Any drug impairing crucial processes for bacterial life will inevitably lead to the development of drug-resistant strains, whereas the inhibition of biofilm formation might prevent the onset of bacterial resistance. (intechopen.com)
In this section, we will focus on proteins involved in biofilm formation as useful targets for the development of new drugs that can effectively and specifically impair biofilm formation with slight effects on cell survival, thus avoiding the generation of drug-resistant strains. (intechopen.com)

Two bacterial virulence factors are required for effective induction of apoptosis by extracellular GAS: (i) hyaluronic acid capsule that inhibits bacterial internalization and (ii) secreted cytolysin, streptolysin O (SLO), that forms. (lu.se)
Two bacterial virulence factors are required for effective induction of apoptosis by extracellular GAS: (i) hyaluronic acid capsule that inhibits bacterial internalization and (ii) secreted cytolysin, streptolysin O (SLO), that forms transmembrane pores that permit extracellular calcium influx into the cytosol. (lu.se)

The model suggests that simple differences in the impact of antibiotic exposure does not differ according to the natural history of colonization, interhuman contact, and expo- mechanism of resistance and do not consider the particular nat- sure to -lactam antibiotics explain major differences in the epi- ural history of the colonization of the bacterial species. (cdc.gov)
2) acquisition by transformation from other commensal species two bacterial species. (cdc.gov)
A new study reports that a protein called beta cell expansion factor A (BefA) secreted by certain gut bacterial species could induce the proliferation of beta cells in young mice and zebrafish. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Many proteins, largely derived from Bacteroides species, were over-represented, while under-represented proteins were mostly from Firmicutes and some Prevotella members. (bmj.com)
We investigate by X-ray crystallographic techniques the cryotrapped states that accumulate on controlled illumination of the blue light photoreceptor, photoactive yellow protein (PYP), at 110 K in both the wild-type species and its E46Q mutant. (northwestern.edu)
We will provide the very first characterization of a two-domain response regulator in solution (Spo0A) and elucidate the structure, dynamics, interactions and recognition determinants of multiple proteins from a complex phosphorelay that controls biofilm development in all human pathogenic Vibrio species. (grantome.com)
PTI involves distinct well-characterized physiological mechanisms, such as stomata closure to limit pathogen entry, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, the biosynthesis of antimicrobial metabolites and proteins such as pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, defense hormones such as salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA). (frontiersin.org)
These results suggest that a trace amount of HAP induces bacterial cell death and the death is related with reactive oxygen species (ROS). (bvsalud.org)
PBS dilutions of sonicated bacterial extracts derived from each of the above species were brought to an optical density of 1, using a spectrophotometer (Ultrospec III, Pharmacia, Sweden) set at a wavelength of 600 nm. (cdc.gov)

In the current study, the group developed a tgl mutant that also lacked A motility, making it completely immobile, and engineered either donor or recipient cells to express green fluorescent protein in their cytoplasm. (biomedcentral.com)

The scorpion fish may appear offputting, but new research suggests that the venomous marine animal could hold the key to treating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections among cystic fibrosis patients. (chipchick.com)
Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections are common in cystic fibrosis patients because of a genetic mutation, which can cause the accumulation of thick mucus in our lungs. (chipchick.com)
So, both our immune system and healthcare professionals find it difficult to tackle these kinds of bacterial infections. (chipchick.com)
Liver disease, autoimmune disease, chronic viral or bacterial infections and various malignancies may cause a polyclonal rise in the gamma fraction (see Table 2 below). (medscape.com)

Most healthy people have a DTH response to several bacterial, viral, and fungal antigens. (cdc.gov)

abstract = "Bacterial flagellar rod structure is built across the peptidoglycan (PG) layer. (elsevierpure.com)

Therefore, -lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin G, bind to PBPs in better understanding of S. pneumoniae resistance selection and the bacterial cell wall. (cdc.gov)
The study aimed to determine whether serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels can be used to identify when antibiotics can safely be discontinued in cases of suspected neonatal septicaemia. (who.int)

While working on the team's other projects, Sahni noticed that some fragments of proteins, known as peptides, cross membranes by pushing against them. (scitechdaily.com)
The team witnessed the budding-and-collapse in live cells through confocal microscopy, an imaging technique that allowed them to focus in on what was happening inside the cells, and on the cell membranes, with these specific proteins. (scitechdaily.com)
Various proteins are necessary for the formation of the cell membranes and to equip them with their functions. (uni-kiel.de)
Apparently, they regulate the fluidity of bacterial membranes, making them more fluid to a certain extent and thus, changing their properties," emphasises Bramkamp. (uni-kiel.de)
The new hypothesis of the Kiel research team thus also holds promising perspectives for application: in the future, it might be possible to specifically influence the physical properties of bacterial cell membranes by disrupting the flotillin function. (uni-kiel.de)
A MiniblotterTM device (Immunetics, Cambridge, MA) is used to immobilize antigenic extracts and protein-A standards on nitrocellulose membranes (Amersham 2020D). (cdc.gov)

Here, we build large, intact carboxysome shells (over 90 nm in diameter) in the industrial microorganism Escherichia coli by expressing a set of carboxysome protein-encoding genes. (nature.com)
To address this problem, the research team screened for bacterial E. coli genes whose deletion alleviates the PD symptoms in an animal model of PD. (hku.hk)
Hypothesis: Amyloid-forming biofilm proteins of Escherichia coli, namely CsgA and CsgB, can form self-assembled nanofibers on solid surfaces. (bilkent.edu.tr)
We addressed this hypothesis about fMet‑based degradation signals, termed fMet/N-degrons, using specific E. coli mutants, pulse-chase degradation assays, and protein reporters whose deformylation was altered, through site-directed mutagenesis, to be either rapid or relatively slow. (microbialcell.com)
The authors use the model to explain the observed self-organisation of Escherichia coli SMC, an essential protein involved in DNA organisation that is found in all domains of life. (mpg.de)

Two of these genes code for proteins that form curli, one type of bacterial amyloid fibers. (hku.hk)
The researchers then showed that bacterial curli enters the neurons to cross-seed the human amyloid α-synuclein and promote its aggregation, which leads to proteotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuronal death. (hku.hk)
In this review, we assess the potential role of putative gut microbiota products in the etiopathogeny of Parkinson's disease, with a special emphasis on functional bacterial amyloid proteins, bacterial biosurfactants, endotoxins and short-chain fatty acids. (techscience.com)

Movement of these vesicles is masterminded by small proteins in the cell called Rabs. (atlasofscience.org)
Genes for fundamental cell division proteins, FtsZ, FtsA, and ZipA, were expressed inside the lipid compartment of giant vesicles (GVs). (elsevierpure.com)

The team subsequently observed that two structurally different bacterial toxins also employed this same mechanism. (scitechdaily.com)
We will also study the newly discovered protein AbbA which may influence the transition state by a completely novel mechanism. (grantome.com)
In order to better define anti-microbial therapeutic targets, we will elucidate the mechanism of action for protein signaling cascades involved in the transition state and in biofilm formation. (grantome.com)
In essence, the mechanism allows proteins to sense the nucleoid length and position themselves appropriately. (mpg.de)

Similarly, the Shigella effectors IpgD and OspG (a homolog of NleH) block apoptosis, the former by phosphorylating and stabilizing the double minute 2 protein (MDM2) which in turn leads to a block of NF-kB-induced apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
Mammalian apoptosis-inducing protein, HAP, induces bacterial cell death. (bvsalud.org)
In attempting to produce the HAP, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) targeted apoptosis -inducing protein , as a GST-fusion protein we found that the expression of HAP, but not GST alone, induced bacterial cell death . (bvsalud.org)

In the current study, the researchers examined whether the BefA protein performed a similar function in mice. (medicalnewstoday.com)
This highly specialized protein folding process has attracted the attention of a team of researchers who have used this bacterial system as a model to determine what allows these unique proteins to maintain their disordered state in the periplasm. (anl.gov)
However, previous work by this team of researchers from the University of Notre Dame and The University of Chicago has shown that, contrary to popular belief, intrinsically disordered proteins, which sample a variety of conformational forms the way the autotransporter proteins do, can remain quite extended in water even if they have high ratios of hydrophobic to charged amino acids. (anl.gov)
So, researchers are on a quest to discover other forms of this protein that can dodge these antibodies. (chipchick.com)
Researchers describes a hitherto unknown protein with anti-oxidizing properties secreted by Coxiella burnetii. (technologynetworks.com)
Researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil, partnering with colleagues in Australia, have identified a novel bacterial protein that can keep human cells healthy even when the cells have a heavy bacterial burden. (technologynetworks.com)
The researchers analyzed more than 130 proteins released by Coxiella burnetii when this bacterium invades host cells, and found at least one to be capable of prolonging cell longevity by acting directly on mitochondria. (technologynetworks.com)
April 11, 2023 - Researchers developed a protein delivery system that can be customized to target specific human cell types. (nih.gov)
Researchers at the McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT and the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard have harnessed a natural bacterial system to develop a new protein delivery approach that works in human cells and animals. (datadance.ai)
The researchers used the artificial intelligence tool AlphaFold to engineer these syringe structures to deliver a range of useful proteins to both human cells and cells in live mice. (datadance.ai)
The researchers also used an eCIS to deliver proteins to the brain in live mice - where it didn't provoke a detectable immune response, suggesting that eCISs could one day be used to safely deliver gene therapies to humans. (datadance.ai)
The course will be of interest to undergraduates, post-graduates, researchers, bioinformaticians, biomedical researchers, microbiologists, healthcare professionals and all those who are interested in learning about the underlying mechanisms of bacterial disease, DNA sequences and protein data, or how to use online analytical tools to probe genomes. (mooc.es)

The study's authors had previously identified such a protein, called BefA, secreted by gut microbes that could stimulate the proliferation of beta cells in zebrafish. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Cultured bacterial and fungal cells are first lysed using glass bead tubes, and nucleic acids and proteins are solubilized and mixed with a binding solution. (qiagen.com)
The research group has focused on the protein Feronia, a receptor kinase protein found in plant cells. (isaaa.org)
And it is also how bacterial toxins enter human cells and wreak havoc. (scitechdaily.com)
But the mechanics of how these proteins enter human cells were a scientific mystery. (scitechdaily.com)
Pei's research team at Ohio State has spent years trying to understand how biomolecules such as bacterial toxins get inside a human cell, with the goal of finding ways to get medications into those cells. (scitechdaily.com)
After invading host cells, C. burnetii releases a hitherto unknown protein, which the authors call mitochondrial coxiella effector F (MceF). (technologynetworks.com)
Reallocation of these proteins in cellular mitochondria enables mammalian cells to live longer even when they're infected with a very large bacterial burden," said Dario Zamboni, one of the corresponding authors of the article and a professor at the Ribeirão Preto Medical School (FMRP-USP). (technologynetworks.com)
This barrier is not static, but has to allow transport of substances in and out and be flexible so that the bacterial cells can grow. (uni-kiel.de)
In order to implement these properties, different types of proteins are active in cells, including the so-called flotillins. (uni-kiel.de)
Immunoblots revealed CglB mutants recovered the protein after contact with wild-type cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptor on target cells and is the immunodominant target of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) identified from convalescent and postvaccination plasma 3 . (nature.com)
Led by MIT Associate Professor Feng Zhang, who is a McGovern Institute investigator and Broad Institute core member, the team took advantage of a tiny syringe-like injection structure, produced by a bacterium, that naturally binds to insect cells and injects a protein payload into them. (datadance.ai)
Previous research has shown that eCISs can naturally target insect and mouse cells, but Kreitz thought it might be possible to modify them to deliver proteins to human cells by re-engineering the tail fibers to bind to different receptors. (datadance.ai)
Kreitz says the eCIS system is versatile, and the team has already used it to deliver a range of cargoes including base editor proteins (which can make single-letter changes to DNA), proteins that are toxic to cancer cells, and Cas9, a large DNA-cutting enzyme used in many gene editing systems. (datadance.ai)
Increased expression of specific heat shock proteins (HSPs) in CD patients protects intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) from death. (dal.ca)
Excerpt: While we find examples of similarity between eukaryotic mitochondria and bacterial cells, other cases also reveal stark differences. (blogspot.com)
Various sticky proteins are present on the surface of cells, to form tight interactions with neighbouring cells and prevent leak across the blood vessel. (atlasofscience.org)
Cells lining the blood vessel in the lung were treated with the bacterial protein, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). (atlasofscience.org)
The transmission electron microscopic examination revealed that the morphology of the bacterial cells expressing hap was changed dramatically unusually elongated phenotype compared with those of controls and finally leading to cell death . (bvsalud.org)
Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology in Marburg have proposed a novel physical model for how such dynamic proteins can self-organise and position themselves into regular repeating patterns inside bacterial cells. (mpg.de)
Recently, efforts have been made to reconstruct it using the individual component proteins to obtain a better understanding of the process of self-reproduction of cells. (elsevierpure.com)
A dense narrow band that is composed of a single class of immunoglobulins secreted by an abnormally expanded clone of plasma cells is known as M-protein (paraprotein, monoclonal protein or M-component). (medscape.com)
Time scales of water dynamics at biological interfaces: peptides, proteins and cells. (lu.se)

Here we explore the feasibility of extracting bacterial protein signals relevant to CD, by interrogating myriads of intestinal bacterial proteomes from a small number of patients and healthy controls. (bmj.com)
Results Our 2D-DIGE-based discovery approach revealed an imbalance of intestinal bacterial functions in CD. (bmj.com)
Proteins entering the gastrointestinal tract are metabolized into constituent amino acids by gastric, pancreatic, and small intestinal enzymes and are reabsorbed. (medscape.com)

ii) two-component signaling proteins;and (iii) small molecules that overcome the bacterial stress response, including biofilm formation. (grantome.com)

In other words, the BefA proteins secreted by gut microbes in humans and zebrafish share a similar structure and function. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Over the course of this study ( April 1, 2016 to March 31, 2018 ), samples of seed powder (583), and plant-based protein powder (245) were collected from retail locations in 11 cities across Canada. (canada.ca)

We will perform detailed comparative studies on three structurally homologous TSRs (AbrB, Abh and SpoVT) to better understand how DNA targets are recognized by this new class of proteins. (grantome.com)

Bacterial microcompartments are a class of proteinaceous organelles comprising a characteristic protein shell enclosing a set of enzymes. (northwestern.edu)

Their rise in popularity is attributable to the perceived health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids, proteins and fibers contained in these tiny seeds (chia, flax, alfalfa, hemp, etc. (canada.ca)

A Salmonella enterica flagellar protein FlgJ is believed to consist of two functional domains, the N-terminal half acting as a scaffold or cap essential for rod assembly and the C-terminal half acting as a PG hydrolase (PGase) that makes a hole in the PG layer to facilitate rod penetration. (elsevierpure.com)

This finding suggests that spacing of hydrophobic amino acids must be under selective pressure in bacterial proteins to facilitate their virulence functions. (anl.gov)
The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein. (bvsalud.org)

Confers responsiveness to intracellular bacterial lipopolysaccharides (lps). (lu.se)

From a genome-wide screen, Dr Zheng's team identified 38 bacterial genes that can promote neurodegeneration in the animal host. (hku.hk)

Biochemical fractionation showed that IglA is a soluble cytoplasmic protein and immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrate that it interacts with the downstream-encoded IglB. (biomedcentral.com)
The results of this study demonstrate that IglA and IglB are interacting cytoplasmic proteins that are required for intramacrophage growth. (biomedcentral.com)

The serum protein level reflects the balance between protein synthesis, metabolism, and protein loss. (medscape.com)

Tarazona,P. and Vélez, M. "Depolymerization dynamics of individual filaments of bacterial cytoskeletal protein FtsZ" PNAS 109 8133‐8138. (cea.fr)

In these recent studies, we proposed that different Rab proteins regulate the recycling of VE-cadherin to the cell surface, and thus regulate barrier strength of blood vessels in the lung. (atlasofscience.org)

In this thesis we have produced proteins that are densely decorated with carbohydrate determinants in order to study the glycosylation capacity of cell lines (paper I) and generate efficient binders of antibodies (paper II), bacterial toxins (paper III) and virus receptors such as the influenza hemagglutinin (paper IV). (avhandlingar.se)
We designed a protein biosensor that uses thermodynamic coupling for sensitive and rapid detection of neutralizing antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants in serum. (nature.com)

Moreover, "in the future, I would like to know if the donor cell activates expression of the gene encoding the donated protein," Hartzell told The Scientist . (biomedcentral.com)
The technology, described today in Nature , can be programmed to deliver a variety of proteins, including ones for gene editing, to different cell types. (datadance.ai)
High temperature protein G (HtpG), a gene encoding a bacterial HSP, is less abundant in pediatric CD patients than in healthy individuals. (dal.ca)
IglA is a 21 kDa protein encoded by a gene that is part of an iglABCD operon located on the Francisella pathogenicity island (FPI). (biomedcentral.com)

Easy-to-use AllPrep Bacterial/Fungal DNA/RNA/Protein Kits isolate total nucleic acids and cellular proteins from Gram (+/-) bacterial cultures and fungal cell cultures. (qiagen.com)
For example, movement to the lysosome, the cellular localisation for proteins to be degraded, is dictated by Rab7 and Rab9. (atlasofscience.org)
Many cellular processes require proteins to be precisely positioned within the cell. (mpg.de)
This is the case even when the proteins are dynamic and cannot rely on existing cellular landmarks. (mpg.de)

In nature, many of these proteins exist as circular forms, so using this approach assured that the team optimized the peptides to the point where they're as effective as their natural counterparts. (nd.edu)

Yersinia inhibits phagocytosis through the concerted actions of several effector proteins, including YopE which acts as a RhoGAP and inhibits Rac-dependent actin polymerization. (wikipedia.org)
It tested a drug candidate called atuzaginstat, which inhibits gingipains, protein-chomping enzymes made by P. gingivalis that have been found in the brains of people who died from Alzheimer's disease. (acs.org)

These proteins can be programmed to form bio-nanomaterials for functional applications. (bilkent.edu.tr)

Brain parenchyma is typically affected in acute bacterial meningitis. (msdmanuals.com)

We describe a mathematical model of the emergence and diffusion of bacterial resistance in the community. (cdc.gov)
We suggest that the faster emergence of nascent proteins from bacterial ribosomes is one mechanistic and evolutionary reason for the pretranslational design of bacterial fMet/N‑degrons, in contrast to the cotranslational design of analogous Ac/N‑degrons in eukaryotes. (microbialcell.com)

Reference: "Bacterial Toxins Escape the Endosome by Inducing Vesicle Budding and Collapse" by Ashweta Sahni and Dehua Pei, 23 September 2021, ACS Chemical Biology . (scitechdaily.com)

Use bioinformatics to probe genomes, to explore and represent DNA and protein sequences. (mooc.es)
The opportunity to use online computational tools in the context of bacterial genomes will also be of interest to teachers and their 16-18-year-old science and computing students. (mooc.es)

Conversely, movement to recycling endosome, where proteins are trafficked to the cell surface, is dependent on Rab4. (atlasofscience.org)

Findings: CsgA protein polymers and CsgB-added CsgA polymers form densely packed biofilm on gold surfaces, whereas CsgB polymers and CsgA-added CsgB polymers form biofilms with high water-holding capacity according to the dissipation data. (bilkent.edu.tr)

The most effective of these adhesive proteins, VE-cadherin, has been shown to move through the cell in a small vesicle. (atlasofscience.org)
Different types of Rab proteins attach to the vesicle depending on the direction of trafficking. (atlasofscience.org)
However the role of vesicle proteins, such as Rab4, on blood vessels in the lung is not known. (atlasofscience.org)

The naturally designed architecture, semi-permeability, and catalytic improvement of carboxysomes have inspired rational design and engineering of new nanomaterials to incorporate desired enzymes into the protein shell for enhanced catalytic performance. (nature.com)

We adapted a designed coronavirus spike RBD biosensor 9 consisting of a switchable lucCageRBD protein containing a 'cage' domain, which in the closed state of the sensor binds a 'latch' domain containing the picomolar affinity RBD binding LCB1 protein 10 , and a lucKey protein that binds to the open state of the sensor, reconstituting luciferase activity 11 . (nature.com)

Bacterial growth is classically assessed by measuring the increase in optical density of pure cultures in shaken liquid media. (biorxiv.org)
This allowed us to assess bacterial growth not only in pure cultures, but also in mixed bacterial cultures and determine the impact of competitors on a focal strain, thereby assessing relative fitness. (biorxiv.org)
Includes freeze dried bacterial cultures, experiment kits, and products for growing microorganisms. (fishersci.com)

Effector proteins may have many different activities, but usually help the pathogen to invade host tissue, suppress its immune system, or otherwise help the pathogen to survive. (wikipedia.org)
Effector proteins are usually critical for virulence. (wikipedia.org)
More importantly, it is difficult to prove experimentally that a predicted effector is actually secreted into a host cell because the amount of each effector protein is tiny. (wikipedia.org)

This study highlights the use of two strategies to engineer microcompartments to control metabolite transport: altering the existing shell protein pore via mutation of the pore-lining residues, and generating chimeras using shell proteins with the desired pores. (northwestern.edu)

Conclusions This study provides the first evidence that quantifiable bacterial protein signals are associated with CD, which can have a profound impact on future molecular diagnosis. (bmj.com)
The possible roles of molecular hydrogen, a common by-product of bacterial fermentation, are also addressed. (techscience.com)
And while information flow is often associated with the DNA macromolecule, there are less celebrated but ubiquitous armies of molecular machines that are busy attaching, modifying and removing small chemical tags to and from both DNA and proteins. (blogspot.com)

Murray, S.M. & Sourjik, V. (2017) Self-organization and positioning of bacterial protein clusters. (mpg.de)

The pathophysiology of this disorder is directly related to the excessive leakage of plasma proteins into the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract. (medscape.com)

Design We first developed and validated a workflow-including extraction of microbial communities, two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), and LC-MS/MS-to discover protein signals from CD-associated gut microbial communities. (bmj.com)
Serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) is an easy, inexpensive method of separating proteins based on their net charge, size, and shape. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] Globulins comprise a much smaller fraction of the total serum protein but represent the primary focus of interpretation of serum protein electrophoresis. (medscape.com)
Various disease states or conditions alter the pattern of proteins in electrophoresis (see Table 1 below). (medscape.com)
Monoclonal pattern serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP). (medscape.com)

Despite the emerging idea of "microbiota-gut-brain" link, little is known about the bacterial molecules that modulate the progression of neurodegeneration. (hku.hk)
He plans to move on to study other bacterial molecules identified from the screen and investigate how they affect host neurodegeneration. (hku.hk)
Nanosecond to microsecond protein dynamics probed by magnetic relaxation dispersion of buried water molecules. (lu.se)

To this end, we explored how small differences in the shell protein structure result in changes in the diffusion of metabolites through the shell. (northwestern.edu)

We found that its protein MceF redirects GPX4 to the mitochondria, where it acts as a potent anti-oxidant, detoxifying the infected cell and preventing cell components from aging, while allowing replication of the bacterium," said Robson Kriiger Loterio, first author of the article, which derived from his PhD research. (technologynetworks.com)

Anatomy19

Organisms27

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs61

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Phenomena and Processes67

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science5

Health Care1

Bacteria27

Infection8

Pathogens7

Membrane21

Strains7

Virulence factors2

Species9

Cytoplasm1

Infections4

Viral1

Abstract1

Antibiotics2

Membranes6

Coli5

Amyloid3

Vesicles2

Mechanism4

Apoptosis3

Researchers12

Cells24

Intestinal3

Biofilm formation1

Humans1

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Class of proteins1

Proteinaceous organelles1

Fibers1

Salmonella1

Amino acids2

Intracellular1

Genes1

Cytoplasmic2

Metabolism1

Filaments1

Regulate1

Antibodies2

Gene4

Cellular4

Peptides1

Inhibits2

Functional1

Acute1

Emergence2

Toxins1

Genomes2

Endosome1

Biofilms1

Vesicle3

Nanomaterials1

Binds1

Cultures3

Effector3

Microcompartments1

Molecular3

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Pathophysiology1

Electrophoresis5

Molecules3

Metabolites1

Mitochondria1