MetabolismGenesRRNA geneGram-negativeFungiBacterialSpecificityProteinsFecalEnzymesMicroorganismsRumenWhole-genomeCommensal bacteriaGenomesProbioticHigh-throughputMetabolicAnaerobicFaecalGenome sequencesStrainGeneticMicrobiologyProkaryotesLectinsGene sequencesSpeciesButyrateUtilizationPathogenEnzymaticGlucoseGenusRegulateStarchesIntestinesClusterCarbonInsulinPlantsHorizontalProteinDietaryReadsTypeDiabetesScientists
Metabolism10
- We used whole-transcriptome shotgun sequencing (RNA-seq) to compare the S. pneumoniae transcriptome in biofilms, bacteria dispersed from biofilms after exposure to IAV, febrile-range temperature, or ATP, and planktonic cells grown at 37°C. Compared with biofilm bacteria, actively dispersed S. pneumoniae, which were more virulent in invasive disease, upregulated genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism. (lu.se)
- A multi-institutional study led by Dr. Tadashi Takeuchi at Stanford University and published in Nature , demonstrates the specific role that various species within the gut microbiota play in carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting the potential for insulin-sensitive (IS) gut bacteria to combat insulin resistance (IR) and serve as a treatment for individuals with Type 2 diabetes. (technologynetworks.com)
- Previous studies have indicated that many species in the gut microbiota are involved in carbohydrate metabolism, which can contribute to insulin resistance when unregulated. (technologynetworks.com)
- Although carbohydrate metabolism has been implicated in obesity and prediabetes before, the actual biological link has not been thoroughly studied, and Takeuchi et al. (technologynetworks.com)
- Putative alpha-1,2-mannosidase [Carbohydrate transport and metabolism]. (unl.edu)
- L. xyli SE134 also harbours genes for central carbohydrate metabolism, indicating that it can utilise the root exudates with other organic materials as an energy source. (pacb.com)
- We also have identified the groups based on glycosyl hydrolases involved in carbohydrate metabolism in correlation with the host dietary habits. (soken.ac.jp)
- Some of the identified genes are related to bacterial carbohydrate metabolism. (idw-online.de)
- These results contribute to a better more biomass-derived carbohydrates are also used for produc- understanding of the aromatic metabolism of P. putida in tion of chemicals, a further valorization of lignin is an essential terms of growth and uptake rates, which will be helpful for component. (lu.se)
- This disease is a defect in fucose metabolism (lack of fucosylation of the carbohydrate selectin ligands) that results in failure to express the ligand for E and P selectin, sialyl Lewis-X (CD15s) expressed on leukocytes and endothelial cells. (medscape.com)
Genes5
- Through transfers of bacteria and genes that continue for many months after birth, a mother may nurture the healthy development of an infant. (quantamagazine.org)
- Horizontal gene transfers are common within communities of bacteria - they contribute greatly to the spread of antibiotic-resistant genes in a variety of pathogens, for example - and they've also been found to occur in multicellular organisms . (quantamagazine.org)
- Phylogenetic tree of genus Bifidobacterium based on the concatenated amino acid sequences of 355 core genes of all type strains. (soken.ac.jp)
- The recent success gut microbial genes, obtained after has fantastic potential, it has only of faecal microbiota transplantation, sequencing whole faecal microbiota been about 10 years since the sci- especially in the context of Clostridi- metagenomes from 124 European indi- entific community first realized its im- um difficile infection, argues for such viduals [4]. (who.int)
- In 2014, the MetaHIT consortium by bacteria of the genera Lacto- alytical method used: 66 from 16S published an integrated catalogue bacillus , Prevotella , and Sneathia , rDNA sequencing [11] or 57 from of 10 million bacterial genes de- whereas for infants delivered by whole-metagenome sequencing [5]. (who.int)
RRNA gene2
- Faecal 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing showed that fasting caused a decrease in the abundance of bacteria known to degrade dietary polysaccharides such as Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae. (nih.gov)
- In contrast, the 16S rRNA gene sequences from 158T and 78-1T were only 95 and 90? (woofahs.com)
Gram-negative1
- Thermotoga maritima is a non- sporulating , rod shaped, gram-negative bacterium. (eol.org)
Fungi3
- Lectins which are carbohydrate recognition proteins have been found in viruses bacteria fungi plants and animals. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
- What many people don't realize is that even freshly washed laundry still contains significant amounts of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. (idw-online.de)
- Microorganisms capable of catabolizing lignin-derived ar- carbohydrate and protein components of the organic matter omatics are essentially fungi and bacteria (Bugg et al. (lu.se)
Bacterial4
- The complex regulation and evolution of environmentally-relevant microorganisms are analysed in detail through the sequencing of entire bacterial genomes and large fragments of environmental DNA. (mpg.de)
- Seal added that the researchers plan to perform whole genome sequencing on four or five other bacterial species among the 20 isolates. (sciencedaily.com)
- Historically, HS were considered to be biologically inert but discovery of the "microbial loop" changed this view in which DOC enters planktonic food webs through incorporation into bacterial biomass and protozoan grazing upon bacteria. (europa.eu)
- Definition of the bacterial N-glycosylation site consensus sequence. (research.com)
Specificity3
- The carbohydrate specificity of diverse lectins to a large extent dictates bacteria tissue tropism by mediating specific attachment to unique host sites expressing the corresponding carbohydrate receptor. (unl.edu)
- Examination of direct smears for acid fast bacilli is the widely used method for the detection of mycobacteria, but lacks the desired specificity and relatively large number of bacteria is needed for detection. (who.int)
- In conclution, DNA amplification is a rapid, reliable and accurate method with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA sequences and it can replace the conventional culture method in the diagnosis of extra pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculosis meningitis except in the situation when antibiotic sensitivity results are required. (who.int)
Proteins2
- Lectins are important adhesin proteins, which bind carbohydrate structures on host cell surface. (unl.edu)
- in protozoan parasites such as Giardia species, it's made of carbohydrates and proteins. (ntu.edu.sg)
Fecal4
- They analyzed metabolites in 22 human fecal IS- and IR-associated bacteria to understand which carbohydrates were consumed by each type of bacteria. (technologynetworks.com)
- s findings suggest that fecal metabolomics may be an efficient way to study IR pathogenesis, compared to other methods such as 16S rRNA sequencing and metagenomics. (technologynetworks.com)
- The fecal bacteria composition was investigated by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. (biomedcentral.com)
- Genome sequence of a commensal bacterium, Enterococcus faecalis CBA7120, isolated from a Korean fecal sample. (pacb.com)
Enzymes2
- The bacterium encodes enzymes that can digest complex carbohydrates such as starches, Seal said. (sciencedaily.com)
- Based on current structural concepts it is assumed that HS cannot be degraded by simple enzymatic reactions but rather by a combination of different enzymes including peroxidases, phenol oxidases and many carbohydrate active enzymes. (europa.eu)
Microorganisms1
- And on Earth, researchers are increasingly discovering how the various bacteria and other microorganisms that live inside and outside of people - the human microbiome - affect physical and mental health . (inverse.com)
Rumen2
- phylogenetic position and relation to butyrate producing anaerobic bacteria from the rumen of a short-tailed deer. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Detoxification of the plant toxin fluoroacetate by a genetically modified rumen bacterium. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Whole-genome3
- The scientists isolated 20 different gut bacteria that preliminary genetic analyses indicate have probiotic qualities, and for this paper they performed whole genome sequencing on a novel Paenibacillus strain. (sciencedaily.com)
- Whole-genome sequencing of strain AGMB03513 T was performed using a NovaSeq TM 6000 System. (kjom.org)
- Whole-genome sequencing was performed using a NovaSeq TM 6000 System (Illumina) with paired-end read lengths of 151 bp. (kjom.org)
Commensal bacteria1
- Recent studies have demonstrated that commensal bacteria are crucial for maturation and function of the mucosal immune system. (biomedcentral.com)
Genomes2
- For novel enzyme discovery, physically linked gene clusters targeting carbohydrate degradation in bacteria, polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs), are recognized 'treasure troves' in the era of exponentially growing numbers of sequenced genomes. (inrae.fr)
- Our revolutionary sequencing technologies combine the completeness of long reads with the accuracy of short reads to provide the most comprehensive view of genomes, transcriptomes, and epigenomes. (pacb.com)
Probiotic1
- In a paper published in Applied Microbiology , the authors report a novel strain of Paenibacillus bacteria with characteristics of a probiotic -- an organism that conveys a health benefit to the host. (sciencedaily.com)
High-throughput1
- For the Food and Drug Administration, Mazumder is developing computational standards for high-throughput sequencing, which he wants to also apply to glycoscience. (springernature.com)
Metabolic5
- Serum biochemistry confirmed the metabolic switch from carbohydrates to fatty acids and ketones. (nih.gov)
- Metabolic engineering in this bacterium led to development of strains of T. maritima that surpassed the Thauer limit of hydrogen production. (eol.org)
- We are interested in understanding the carbohydrate metabolic pathway, in particular the lignocellulosic biomass degradation pathway. (um.edu.my)
- The proposed project aims to resolve the genomic and metabolic diversity of freshwater microbial communities involved in HS cycling using state of the art sequencing-based approaches. (europa.eu)
- For him, this included a reduction in bacteria called Bacteroidetes , the dysregulation of which has been linked to the neurological, immune system, and metabolic issues, as well as an increase in Firmicutes , a type of bacteria that can help break down certain starches and fibers. (inverse.com)
Anaerobic2
- [7] Additionally, this species of bacteria is able to reduce Fe(III) to produce energy using anaerobic respiration. (eol.org)
- A novel anaerobic, mesophilic, amino-acid-fermenting bacterium, specified strain CL-84T, was isolated from your swine intestinal tract on mucin-based press. (woofahs.com)
Faecal1
- We studied 1371 individuals in the Malmö Offspring Study who had provided faecal samples to be analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing. (lu.se)
Genome sequences1
- The aim of this study is to investigate the adaptation of bifidobacterial species to various hosts and to examine the genetic biodiversity of bifidobacterial species from various hosts like human, non-human primates, bat and other organisms by decoding genome sequences. (soken.ac.jp)
Strain3
- Strain CL-84T and related sequences created a branch distinct from (OTU cluster 1), within the genus sp. (woofahs.com)
- Enterococcus faecalis, the type strain of the genus Enterococcus, is not only a commensal bacterium in the gastrointestinal tract in vertebrates and invertebrates, but also causes serious disease as an opportunistic pathogen. (pacb.com)
- To increase our knowledge of E. faecalis virulence factors, we isolated strain CBA7120 from the feces of an 81-year-old female from the Republic of Korea and performed a comparative genomic analysis.The genome sequence of E. faecalis CBA7120 is 3,134,087 bp in length, with a G + C content of 37.35 mol%, and is comprised of four contigs with an N50 value of 2,922,046 bp. (pacb.com)
Genetic4
- Tiny genetic sequences in a mother's bacteria seem to hop into the infant's bacteria, perhaps ensuring a healthy microbiome later in life. (quantamagazine.org)
- Small snippets of DNA called mobile genetic elements hop from the mother's bacteria to the baby's bacteria, even months after birth. (quantamagazine.org)
- The clinical entity appears to be a result of molecular mimicry by the bacteria, plus autoimmune and inflammatory responses and genetic predisposition in the host. (medscape.com)
- Genetic sequences of the bases are read in groups of three (called a triplet), with a possibility of 64 configurations or "words" in which to code information. (cdc.gov)
Microbiology2
- The Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology researches marine bacteria that transform carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and iron compounds, thus playing crucial roles in the global material cycle. (mpg.de)
- His study looks at the relationship between Flagellin and topics such as Microbiology, which overlap with Campylobacter, Conserved sequence and Campylobacter jejuni. (research.com)
Prokaryotes1
- In The Prokaryotes: a Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria , 3rd edn, vol. 3, pp. 322-382. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Lectins2
- To date numerous lectins have been isolated from animals and classified on the basis of their CRD sequences. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
- PPL1 has two tandem carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) structures in its sequence which has sequence homology with rhamnose-binding lectins (RBLs) from various fish eggs and a galactose-binding lectin (SUEL) from sea urchin eggs [24]. (cancer-ecosystem.com)
Gene sequences2
- The DNA base composition was 47.2 mol% G+C. Complete 16S rRNA and partial hsp60 gene sequences were obtained and phylogenetic relationships were determined. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- New approach to phylogenetic analysis of the genus Bifidobacterium based on partial HSP60 gene sequences. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Species2
- wanted to improve understanding of the roles of specific species within the gut microbiota, because, while there are IR-associated bacteria in the gut, there are also understudied IS-associated bacteria that could play a role in combating insulin resistance. (technologynetworks.com)
- Here, we describe the draft genome sequence and annotation of Anaerostipes faecalis AGMB03513 T , which we have reported as a novel species. (kjom.org)
Butyrate1
- Phylogenetic relationship of butyrate-producing bacteria from the human gut. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Utilization1
Pathogen2
- Streptococcus suis is a peanut-shaped, Gram-positive bacterium, and an important pathogen of pigs. (wikipedia.org)
- Non-toxic, spore-forming bacteria promote anti-inflammatory immune responses in the gut and inhibit pathogen growth," he said. (sciencedaily.com)
Enzymatic1
- RNA sequencing identified blue light as a major constraint in the extracellular enzymatic hydrolysis of polymeric carbohydrates and acquisition of sugars, despite acting as a stimulus for inorganic carbon sequestration. (nih.gov)
Glucose3
- T. maritima is one of fermentative bacteria that produces hydrogen to levels that approach the thermodynamic limit (4 mol H 2 / mol glucose). (eol.org)
- However, similar to other fermentative bacteria, the hydrogen yield in this bacterium does not go beyond 4 mol H 2 / glucose (Thaeur limit) because of its inherent nature to use more energy for its own cell division to grow rapidly than producing H 2 . (eol.org)
- [1] One of the strains, also known as Tma200, produced 5.77 mol H 2 / mol glucose which is the highest yield so far reported in a fermentative bacterium. (eol.org)
Genus1
- Among them were two that were assigned to the genus Moraxella, which includes the well-known 'stinker bacterium' Moraxella osloensis. (idw-online.de)
Regulate1
Starches1
- The modern dog diet, high in carbohydrates, does not reflect a wolf's diet -- for example, starches in processed dog food are resistant to digestion, and that can have a negative impact on the microbial community in a dog's GI tract and in turn its gastric physiology. (sciencedaily.com)
Intestines1
- Recently, the development of with food (in particular dietary fibre, comprising more than 100 trillion mi- molecular tools and subsequently of enabling energy harvest from oth- crobes living in the intestines, the next-generation sequencing enabled erwise indigestible dietary com- mouth, the skin, the vagina, and the richness of the intestinal ecosys- pounds), interacting with cells (in- elsewhere in the body. (who.int)
Cluster1
- similar to the sequences in OTU cluster 2, respectively. (woofahs.com)
Carbon1
- Anyone who appreciates bread or beer knows how important yeast is, particularly its ability to convert carbohydrates to carbon dioxide and alcohols through fermentation. (imperial.ac.uk)
Insulin1
Plants1
- Other bacteria specialise in the decomposition of carbohydrates in plants and oil. (mpg.de)
Horizontal1
- Disease is often introduced into a noninfected herd via healthy carrier animals and during outbreaks when sick animals shed more bacteria horizontal transmission by direct contact or aerosol is important. (wikipedia.org)
Protein1
- Tree was constructed by merging the common protein sequences in all the strains. (soken.ac.jp)
Dietary1
- The comparative analysis in this study has revealed the important features of bifidobacteria in various hosts such as their contribution in metabolizing the host dietary carbohydrates. (soken.ac.jp)
Reads1
- All sequencing reads have been deposited at the European Nucleotide Archive under BioProject PRJEB44146 . (nature.com)
Type1
- By finding out what colour the cell produces when it is gram stained you can figure out the type of carbohydrates in the cell wall. (slideserve.com)
Diabetes1
- Moreover, the quantity of bacteria essential to maintain gut integrity was significantly lower in the children with diabetes than the healthy children. (biomedcentral.com)
Scientists1
- In practical terms, scientists take sequences of DNA and put them together in different combinations within a cell, thereby programming cells to behave in new ways. (imperial.ac.uk)