Avian 1963 canine influenza a virus h3n8 subtype. Medical search. Frequent questions

One specimen was positive for influenza A virus (A/camel/Mongolia/335/2012[H3N8]), which is phylogenetically related to equine influenza A(H3N8) viruses and probably represents natural horse-to-camel transmission. (cdc.gov)
Since the first isolation in 1963 of an avian-origin influenza A(H3N8) virus from horses ( 1 ), subtype H3N8 influenza viruses have continued to circulate panzootically among horses, causing severe outbreaks of equine influenza respiratory disease. (cdc.gov)
In Mongolia, the site of some of the world's largest epizootics of equine influenza A(H3N8) virus (EIV) infection, transmission of this virus is sustained among 2.1 million free-ranging horses, causing significant economic losses among rural herders. (cdc.gov)
Since January 2011, surveillance of equine influenza viruses has been enhanced in 3 Mongolian aimags (provinces). (cdc.gov)
One example in animals is the emergence of the H3N8 equine influenza virus (EIV), first isolated in 1963 in Miami, FL, USA, after emerging among horses in South America. (cdc.gov)

400 million poultry have been culled since 2003 as a result of efforts to control highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza ( http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html ), and there are increasing biological and ecological consequences. (nationalacademies.org)
Having previously identified oral efficacy of the nucleoside analog 4'-Fluorouridine (4'-FlU, EIDD-2749) against SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), we explored activity of the compound against seasonal and highly pathogenic influenza (HPAI) viruses in cell culture, human airway epithelium (HAE) models, and/or two animal models, ferrets and mice, that assess IAV transmission and lethal viral pneumonia, respectively. (bvsalud.org)

Over previous decades in Mongolia, outbreaks of respiratory disease, thought to be influenza, among camels have been reported. (cdc.gov)
Here, we compare CIV in dogs and EIV in horses to reveal their host-specific evolution, to determine the sources and connections between significant outbreaks, and to gain insight into the factors controlling their different evolutionary fates. (cdc.gov)
The most recent global analysis of official reports of animal outbreaks and human infections with all reportable AI viruses was published almost a decade ago. (cdc.gov)
A multivariable regression analysis was used to evaluate associations between variables of interest and reported AI virus animal outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
RESULTS: From 2013 to 2022, 52.2% (95/182) of World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) Member Countries identified 34 AI virus subtypes during 21,249 outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
Seasonality patterns of animal outbreaks and human infections with AI viruses were very similar, occurred year-round, and peaked during November through May. (cdc.gov)
Influenza outbreaks are associated with substantial morbidity, mortality and economic burden. (bvsalud.org)

Increased or renewed reports of AI viruses, especially high pathogenicity H5N8 and H5N1 in birds and H5N1, H5N8, and H5N6 in humans globally, have established the need for a comprehensive review of current global AI virus surveillance data to assess the pandemic risk of AI viruses. (cdc.gov)
H7N9 (1568/2000, 78.40%) and H5N1 (254/2000, 12.70%) viruses accounted for the most human infections. (cdc.gov)

Any potential zoonotic threat of these viruses to humans can only be determined with an understanding of its natural history and evolution. (cdc.gov)
Next generation antivirals are needed to treat seasonal infections and prepare against zoonotic spillover of avian influenza viruses with pandemic potential. (bvsalud.org)

METHODS: We analyzed AI virus infection reports among animals and humans submitted to animal and public health authorities from January 2013 to June 2022 and compared them with reports from January 2005 to December 2012. (cdc.gov)
2001. Nipah virus infection in bats (order Chiroptera) in peninsular Malaysia. (nationalacademies.org)
Once-daily oral treatment of ferrets with 2 mg/kg 4'-FlU initiated 12 hours after infection rapidly stopped virus shedding and prevented transmission to untreated sentinels. (bvsalud.org)
With a global decline in the COVID-19 control, the infection rate of influenza virus is gradually increasing. (bvsalud.org)

AIM OF THE STUDY: Influenza is an acute infectious respiratory disease caused by the influenza virus, which has high annual morbidity and mortality worldwide. (bvsalud.org)

This study defines the mechanistic foundation for high sensitivity of influenza viruses to 4'-FlU and supports 4'-FlU as developmental candidate for the treatment of seasonal and pandemic influenza. (bvsalud.org)

We describe the isolation, full-genome sequencing, and phylogenetic characterization of an influenza A(H3N8) virus of equine lineage isolated from a Bactrian camel, thereby identifying a novel route of influenza virus interspecies transmission and raising further questions about influenza A virus ecology in under-studied regions such as Mongolia. (cdc.gov)
Phylogenetic analyses of the RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRp) showed that brine shrimp viruses were often grouped with viruses isolated from other invertebrates and fungi. (bvsalud.org)
In addition, both virome composition and phylogenetic analyses revealed global connectedness in certain brine shrimp viruses, particularly among Asia and Northern America. (bvsalud.org)

In the early 21st century, the American lineage of EIV diverged into two 'Florida' clades that persist today, while an EIV transferred to dogs around 1999 and gave rise to the H3N8 canine influenza virus (CIV), first reported in 2004. (cdc.gov)
Our comparative analysis of these three viral lineages reveals distinct patterns and rates of sequence variation yet with similar overall evolution between clades, suggesting epidemiological intervention strategies for possible eradication of H3N8 EIV. (cdc.gov)

Despite reports of serologic activity against influenza A virus among camels in several African countries ( 7 , 8 ), the lack of isolated virus from these populations highlights how little is known about the ecology of influenza viruses in camels. (cdc.gov)
As many of these Dasyuromorphia species are currently being used in translocation efforts to reseed populations across Australia, understanding their virome is of key importance to prevent the spread of viruses to naive populations. (bvsalud.org)

Between January 2013 and June 2022, 17/194 (8.8%) World Health Organization (WHO) Member States reported 2000 human AI virus infections of 10 virus subtypes. (cdc.gov)

This review will focus on current and future efforts in developing universal vaccines targeting different viruses at the genus and/or family levels, with a special focus on henipaviruses, influenza viruses, and coronaviruses. (bvsalud.org)
It is evident that strategies for developing broad-spectrum vaccines will be virus-genus or family specific, and it is almost impossible to adopt a universal approach for different viruses. (bvsalud.org)

Because little is known about the ecology of influenza viruses in camels, 460 nasal swab specimens were collected from healthy (no overt illness) Bactrian camels in Mongolia during 2012. (cdc.gov)
Although Australian marsupials are characterised by unique biology and geographic isolation, little is known about the viruses present in these iconic wildlife species. (bvsalud.org)

Cross-species virus transmission events can lead to dire public health emergencies in the form of epidemics and pandemics. (cdc.gov)

Although FF possesses a prominent clinical therapeutic effect, seldom pharmacological studies have been reported on its anti-influenza B virus (IBV) activity. (bvsalud.org)

BACKGROUND: Avian influenza (AI) virus detections occurred frequently in 2022 and continue to pose a health, economic, and food security risk. (cdc.gov)

However, our understanding of the biodiversity, prevalence and global connectedness of viruses in brine shrimp is still very limited. (bvsalud.org)
This highlights the incredible species diversity of viruses in these ancient species and provides essential data for the prevalence of RNA viruses in the global aquaculture industry. (bvsalud.org)

the black-footed ferret from canine distemper and sylvatic plague (for a review see Abbott et al. (nationalacademies.org)

Evolution of H3N8 equine influenza virus from 1963 to 1991. (nih.gov)
Can equine influenza virus spread between horses and other mammals? (cdc.gov)
One example in animals is the emergence of the H3N8 equine influenza virus (EIV), first isolated in 1963 in Miami, FL, USA, after emerging among horses in South America. (cdc.gov)

The nucleotide sequences of ten haemagglutinin genes of representative H7N7 equine influenza viruses isolated between 1956 and 1977 have been determined by primer extension sequencing. (nih.gov)
The EIV H7N7 subtype was first reported in the 1950s and last reported in the 1970s. (cdc.gov)

In the United States, these viruses jumped from horses to dogs and continue to circulate among dogs ( 2 , 3 ). (cdc.gov)

While rare, human infections with avian (bird) flu A(H3N8) viruses have been reported globally in the past and recently. (cdc.gov)
H7N9 (1568/2000, 78.40%) and H5N1 (254/2000, 12.70%) viruses accounted for the most human infections. (cdc.gov)

Horse flu" viruses originally spread from birds to horses. (cdc.gov)
An H3N8 virus subtype has been reported in dogs, horses, and birds, but these viruses are different in each species. (cdc.gov)
Avian (bird) flu A(H3N8) viruses continue to spread in birds, but these viruses are different from those that spread among horses. (cdc.gov)
Avian influenza A(H3N8) viruses circulating in birds infected horses, and those viruses eventually adapted to horses and started regularly spreading in horses as equine influenza A(H3N8) viruses. (cdc.gov)
As H3N8 viruses became adapted to each host, the H3N8 viruses in birds, horses and dogs all became different and distinct from one another. (cdc.gov)
While different H3N8 viruses continue to spread in birds and horses, the canine influenza H3N8 virus is now extinct in dogs. (cdc.gov)
Increased or renewed reports of AI viruses, especially high pathogenicity H5N8 and H5N1 in birds and H5N1, H5N8, and H5N6 in humans globally, have established the need for a comprehensive review of current global AI virus surveillance data to assess the pandemic risk of AI viruses. (cdc.gov)

Since January 2011, surveillance of equine influenza viruses has been enhanced in 3 Mongolian aimags (provinces). (cdc.gov)
This kind of surveillance is particularly important for tracking changes to animal flu viruses that could spread between animals and people. (cdc.gov)

In general, horse flu viruses pose a low threat to people. (cdc.gov)
Any potential zoonotic threat of these viruses to humans can only be determined with an understanding of its natural history and evolution. (cdc.gov)

BACKGROUND: Avian influenza (AI) virus detections occurred frequently in 2022 and continue to pose a health, economic, and food security risk. (cdc.gov)

We describe the isolation, full-genome sequencing, and phylogenetic characterization of an influenza A(H3N8) virus of equine lineage isolated from a Bactrian camel, thereby identifying a novel route of influenza virus interspecies transmission and raising further questions about influenza A virus ecology in under-studied regions such as Mongolia. (cdc.gov)

These equine viruses can be divided into two distinct subgroups, the prototype-like, and a group comprising the early American isolates and the remaining equine viruses. (nih.gov)
Our comparative analysis of these three viral lineages reveals distinct patterns and rates of sequence variation yet with similar overall evolution between clades, suggesting epidemiological intervention strategies for possible eradication of H3N8 EIV. (cdc.gov)

Horse flu viruses are highly contagious among horses and are thought to spread mainly through droplets made when the animal coughs or sneezes. (cdc.gov)

The viruses cause flu-like signs and symptoms in those animals, similar to those caused by seasonal flu viruses in people. (cdc.gov)

Despite reports of serologic activity against influenza A virus among camels in several African countries ( 7 , 8 ), the lack of isolated virus from these populations highlights how little is known about the ecology of influenza viruses in camels. (cdc.gov)

Genetic and antigenic analysis of an equine influenza H 3 isolate from the 1989 epidemic. (nih.gov)

A total of 10 high pathogenicity AI and 6 low pathogenicity AI virus subtypes were reported to the WOAH for the first time during 2013-2022. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy6

Organisms47

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs19

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Phenomena and Processes18

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Health Care4

Equine influenza5

Highly pathogenic2

Outbreaks7

H5N12

Zoonotic2

Infection4

Respiratory disease1

Pandemic1

Phylogenetic3

Clades2

Populations2

Infections1

Genus2

Little is known2

Transmission1

Activity1

Continue1

Global2

Review1

Equine influenza virus3

H7N72

Jumped from horses1

Human infections2

Birds7

Surveillance2

Threat2

Pose1

Questions1

Distinct2

Thought1

Similar1

Reports1

Analysis1

High1