Assay lymphocytes cell proliferation. Medical search. Frequent questions

5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate N -succinimidyl ester (CFSE) is an amine reactive fluorescent probe used to stain cells, especially immune cells, for analysis in applications such as flow cytometry. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Firstly, CCK8 assays and flow cytometry assays revealed that MTE dose-dependently reduced the proliferation of Jurkat cells by arresting cell cycle at S phase. (oncotarget.com)
Secondly, Annexin V-FITC/PI-stained flow cytometry and TUNEL staining assays showed that MTE promoted the apoptosis of Jurkat cells. (oncotarget.com)
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated and the level and function of Treg cells was analyzed by flow cytometry and cell proliferation assays. (fluoridealert.org)
The ratios of CD3 + CD8 + cytotoxic T cells, CD49b + NK cells, CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + Tregs and Gr1 + CD11b + MDSCs in tumor-DLN or spleen were examined by flow cytometry. (biomedcentral.com)

Spleens from ProGP treated mice were evaluated by immunocytochemistry and enriched CD11c+ populations were functionally assessed in a mixed lymphocyte assay and in an antigen dependent CTL assay. (medscimonit.com)

The ability of extracts to affect the secretion of IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8 were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (nih.gov)
Flowcytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests were employed to evaluate subpopulation of T-lymphocytes and the levels of cytokines, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)

In addition, it can block the proliferation of human T cells in mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay. (immune-system-research.com)
The effect of combining HexaBody-CD27 with pembrolizumab on IFN-γ secretion was evaluated in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay, with synergy analysis using the Highest Single Agent model. (bmj.com)

Of 66 workers, ≈10% had circulating antibodies or T lymphocytes that reacted with anthrax protective antigen. (cdc.gov)
Here we present a panel of anti-CyRPA monoclonal antibodies that strongly inhibit parasite growth in in vitro assays. (bvsalud.org)
The humoral immune response was assessed measuring antibodies by Microscopic Agglutination Test and Cell Mediated Immune response was assessed by lymphocyte proliferation assay. (arccjournals.com)
However, there is a paucity of data demonstrating that lymphocyte proliferation does occur in humans treated with CTLA4-blocking antibodies. (snmjournals.org)
The most consistent effects in peripheral blood cells after administering anti-CTLA4 antibodies have been limited to marginal increases in the surface expression of nonspecific activation markers predominantly on CD4+ T lymphocytes ( 16 - 18 ). (snmjournals.org)
After BrdU is introduced to actively proliferating cells, immunodetection of BrdU using specific monoclonal antibodies allows labeling of cells in S phase of the cell cycle. (cytologicsbio.com)
Methods The effects of combining HexaBody-CD27 with anti-PD-(L)1 antibodies (pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and atezolizumab) on human CD8 + T-cell proliferation and effector functions were investigated in vitro . (bmj.com)
Results Combination treatment with HexaBody-CD27 and all tested anti-PD-(L)1 antibodies enhanced proliferation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion of antigen-specific CD8 + T cells in coculture with cognate antigen-expressing dendritic cells, compared to the respective single-agent treatments. (bmj.com)
In the absence of mature B cells, patients lack lymphoid tissue and fail to develop plasma cells, the cells that manufacture antibodies. (medscape.com)
cells are activated by interaction with antigens and obtain T indicated that the cell lines representing a defined cell help, they mature into terminally differentiated plasma stage generally presented a high similarity in over- cells secreting large amounts of antibodies [10 -12]. (lu.se)

IL-7 (interleukin-7) is a 25 kDa cytokine of the hemopoietin family that plays important roles in lymphocyte differentiation, proliferation, and survival (1-4). (bio-techne.com)
The protein is a pleiotropic cytokine produced primarily by antigen presenting cells and has multiple effects on T lymphocytes and natural killer cells in terms of stimulating cytotoxicity, proliferation, production of other cytokines and Th1 subset differentiation. (biofargo.com)
The main ligand of LFA-1 is ICAM-1, and the LFA-1/ICAM interaction stimulates signaling pathways that influence T cell differentiation. (immune-system-research.com)
A typical immune response involves production of cytokines that orchestrate the differentiation of lymphocytes based on the type of pathogen being cleared. (labclinics.com)
Continuous ligation of LILRB1 modulated cellular differentiation, conferred a unique phenotype upon the resultant cells, induced a profound resistance to CD95-mediated cell death, and inhibited secretion of cytokines IL-10, IL-12p70, and TGF-β. (ashpublications.org)
1 Activation of DCs through toll-like receptors (TLRs) for "infectious nonself" or other "danger" signals normally initiates a process of cellular differentiation resulting in "mature" DCs capable of stimulating T-cell and natural killer (NK)-cell responses. (ashpublications.org)
The receptors of Notch family play an important role in controlling the development, differentiation, and function of multiple cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
The Notch signaling is a highly conserved pathway that controls the differentiation, development and function of multiple cell types, such as stem cells [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Btk is required for the proliferation and differentiation of B lymphocytes. (medscape.com)
However, murine models, including knockout and transgenic mice, have been useful in understanding the mechanisms of B lymphopoiesis, B-cell differentiation, and antibody formation. (medscape.com)
Subsequent differentiation allows for rear- analysis of a set of mouse B lineage cell lines rep- rangements of the Ig light-chain (IgL) genes that replace the resenting defined stages of B cell development us- surrogate light-chain genes on the surface of the B cell [8]. (lu.se)

Also lymph proliferation was shown using labeled nucleotide comprising a new fluorophore, by fluorescent microscopy. (org.ir)
The libraries will be screened with existing antiserum raised against cell wall and whole cell preparations which have been shown to be T-cell reactive in immune lymph node proliferation (ILNP) assays. (grantome.com)
Lymph node proliferation response: At the tested concentrations the animals did not show any signs of local skin irritation or systemic toxicity. (europa.eu)
The mean values and standard deviations were calculated in the body weight tables, for the ear weights, the lymph node weights and lymph node cell count, and for the DPM values (group mean DPM ± standard deviation). (europa.eu)
A statistical analysis was conducted on the DPM values, the ear weights, the lymph node weights and the lymph node cell count to assess whether the difference was statistically significant between the test item groups and negative control group. (europa.eu)
Available online 4 September 2009 lymph node assay (LLNA), consider whether an exposure concentration (EC3 value) lower than 100% can be defined and used as a threshold criterion for classification and labelling. (cdc.gov)
EATM/ICCVAM convened a scientific peer review panel to review tion test) and the murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) for skin three non-radioactive versions of the LLNA ( NICEATM/ICCVAM, sensitisation hazard identification and characterisation. (cdc.gov)

To test whether extracts also affected normal cells, similar experiments were also performed using isolated peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy volunteers, with and without stimulation by the mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA). (nih.gov)
These cells inhibited T cell proliferation in a standard in vitro mixed lymphocyte assay and, moreover, attenuated the development of vasculopathy mediated by autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a functionally relevant humanized mouse transplant model. (lu.se)
and (iii) the dramatic reductions to lymphocyte numbers and function 1-2 h after exercise reflects a transient and time-dependent redistribution of immune cells to peripheral tissues, resulting in a heightened state of immune surveillance and immune regulation, as opposed to immune suppression. (frontiersin.org)
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using PHA-activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). (bio-techne.com)
Recombinant Human IL-7 GMP Protein Bioactivity GMP-grade Recombinant Human IL-7 (Catalog # 207-GMP) stimulates proliferation of PHA-activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes. (bio-techne.com)
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using PHA-activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBMC). (biofargo.com)
incubation of mycobacterium bovis-sensitized bovine peripheral blood lymphocytes with concanavalin a or m. bovis purified protein derivative and indomethacin caused a consistent, statistically significant increase in [3h] thymidine uptake as compared to cultures without indomethacin. (liverpool.ac.uk)
1 Significant advances have been made by combining novel agents with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation which allows for long-term disease-free survival in the majority of transplant-eligible patients. (haematologica.org)
1.The cell proliferation assay using PHA-activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes has an ED 50 value of 50-300 pg/mL. (medchemexpress.com)
Most of the studies have focused on analyzing T-cell activation in peripheral blood. (snmjournals.org)
ProGP-4 possesses cross-species activity and treatment of mice with ProGP-4 results in increases in the number of WBC and Class II+/CD11c+ cells in both spleen and peripheral blood. (medscimonit.com)
RESULTS: Administration of this dual receptor agonist to mice resulted in dose-dependent increases in the numbers of total white blood cells and Class II+/CD11c+ cells in spleen and peripheral blood. (medscimonit.com)
immature cell is then subjected to negative selection to delete grouped based on their previously defined pheno- self-reactive cells before it leaves the BM to enter peripheral typic features, and a gene expression pattern for lymphoid organs, where it becomes a mature B cell [9]. (lu.se)

Immunotherapy engages the immune system in the battle against cancer by taking advantage of the capacity of the T lymphocyte for antigen-directed cytotoxicity [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Granzyme B (GrB), is thought to play a leading role in granzyme-mediated cytotoxicity to induce lysis of target cells. (bmglabtech.com)
The cell mediated cytotoxicity assay was carried out following the manufacturer's protocol with a few modifications. (bmglabtech.com)
Expanded natural killer cells killed both allogeneic and autologous primary myeloma cells avidly via a perforin-mediated mechanism in which the activating receptor NKG2D, natural cytotoxicity receptors, and DNAX-accessory molecule-1 played a central role. (haematologica.org)
Scientists routinely use these assays to study a wide range of applications including drug assessments, cytotoxicity testing and growth factor analysis. (cytologicsbio.com)

Tests that demonstrate the status of cellular immunity include lymphocyte numbers (i.e., a complete blood count with differential), a test that delineates concentrations and proportions of lymphocyte subsets (i.e. (cdc.gov)
Ozone exposure impairs antigen-specific immunity but activates IL-7-induced proliferation of CD4(-)CD8(-) thymocytes in BALB/c mice. (cdc.gov)
Taken together, data conclude that short-term repetitive O3 exposure damages both innate and acquired immunity via altering the lymphocyte subset and cytokine profile, and via impact on thymocyte early development. (cdc.gov)
Lymphocyte proliferation assay is a way for investigation of human cell-immunity and its ability against rubella infection. (org.ir)
Thus cell-immunity to rubella infection was activated timely, in individuals who were vaccinated against rubella virus approximately 10 years before or exposed to it, but the intensity of responses to different antigens varied in each subject. (org.ir)
0.05) higher M2e-specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity compared to JOL2074 alone vaccinated group. (biomedcentral.com)
Coccidioidomycosis is a disease in which T-cell mediated immunity has been shown to play a critical role in host defense. (grantome.com)
Dendritic cells (DCs) link innate and adaptive immunity, initiating and regulating effector cell responses. (ashpublications.org)
These findings suggested that Notch1 signaling in B16 melanoma cells might inhibit antitumor immunity by upregulation of TGF-β1. (biomedcentral.com)
There are compelling evidences to show that melanoma cells escape the host's immunity by actively developing multiple suppressive mechanisms within the cancer microenvironment [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Some serovars of leptospires require cell mediated immunity apart from humoral immunity. (arccjournals.com)
This study was undertaken to develop prototype vaccine with prevalent serogroups to induce humoral and cell mediated immunity. (arccjournals.com)
Animal challenge experiments, immunogenetics studies, and assessment of host immunity during acute infection highlight the critical role that effective T cell immunity plays in viral control. (ox.ac.uk)

Immunosurveillance results primarily from apoptosis of neoplastic cells induced by natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). (bmglabtech.com)
One common example of cell death in a mixed cell population occurs in the process termed immunosurveillance in which cells of the immune system, such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and Natural Killer (NK) cells, induce apoptosis of target cells. (bmglabtech.com)
Notch1 expression in B16 melanoma cells inhibited the infiltration of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK cells and reduced IFN-γ release in tumor tissue. (biomedcentral.com)

Although it is possible to expand naturally occurring T(regs), an attractive alternative possibility, particularly suited to solid organ and bone marrow transplantation, is the stimulation of total T cell populations with defined allogeneic antigen-presenting cells (APCs) under conditions that lead to the generation or expansion of donor-reactive, adaptive T(regs). (lu.se)
Accordingly, investigations on cellular therapies have therefore moved to progenitor cell populations such as bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), which have the ability to differentiate into cartilage cells 4 . (nature.com)
Indeed, the behavior of almost all immune cell populations in the bloodstream is altered in some way during and after exercise ( 7 , 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
These in vitro assays involve the mixing of different cell populations, as well as using a relatively low number of both effector and target cells. (jove.com)
Finally, data analysis is dependent on the inclusion of positive and negative control target cell populations. (jove.com)
Assaying apoptosis in mixed cell populations usually requires the cells of interest to be pre-loaded with a reagent, and the loss of membrane integrity that occurs during cell death results in the reagent being released. (bmglabtech.com)
Sustained memory and effector T cell populations are generated, and T cell memory evolved over time with improvement of quality (proliferation and polyfunctionality) after heterologous MVA boost. (ox.ac.uk)

Upon the loss of membrane integrity of the target cells as a result of the cytotoxic activity of the effector cells, the 51 Cr-labelled cellular proteins within the target cells are released into the culture supernatant, becoming available for quantitation. (jove.com)
Here the PHERAstar ® FS HTS microplate reader is used in a time-resolved fluorescence assay to study the loss of membrane integrity. (bmglabtech.com)
Within minutes after a loss of membrane integrity, cells lose the ability to synthesize ATP, and endogenous ATPases (ATP degrading enzymes) destroy any remaining ATP, thus the levels of ATP fall precipitously. (cytologicsbio.com)

It is shown that this assay produces results that are similar to the classical chromium release assay. (bmglabtech.com)

In vitro assays for measuring the cytotoxic capacity of immune cells have been a staple in laboratories for many years. (jove.com)

These assays focus on changes that occur during apoptosis - the annexin V and propidium iodide assays are based on changes in membrane properties and permeability, and the TUNEL assay is based on apoptosis-related DNA fragmentation. (bmglabtech.com)
Cell cycle progression was monitored in PHA-stimulated lymphocytes at indicated times by Hoechst 33342 staining and TUNEL assay for apoptotic status. (biomedcentral.com)

Large amounts of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) are produced by macrophages and endothelial cells, activating T cells and other immune cells and creating a positive feedback-loop that results in a cytokine storm, inducing the release of many more cytokines and chemokines but also upregulating acute phase proteins. (labclinics.com)
RANTES (Regulation on Activation Normal T-cell Expressed and Secreted) is a chemotactic cytokine (also known as CCL5), produced by macrophages, epithelial cells, platelets, megakaryoblasts, T lymphocytes and eosinophils. (quanterix.com)
CD8 + T-cell proliferation and cytokine secretion were assessed in an antigen-specific assay using claudin-6 as a model antigen. (bmj.com)

Proliferation was assayed by measuring 3 H-thymidine incorporation (counts per minute [cpm]) of culture lymphocytes stimulated with different antigens and by determining the respective proliferative Indexes. (cdc.gov)
The traditional proliferation assays of thymidine incorporation and bromodeoxyuridine uptake measure DNA synthesis, whereas other assays measure ATP concentration, metabolic activity and other factors. (cytologicsbio.com)
The most common proliferation assay is the thymidine incorporation assay. (cytologicsbio.com)
In a typical thymidine incorporation assay, the lymphocytes are cultured for 24-48 hours in the presence of a suitable stimulating agent (i.e., growth factor) and 3H-TdR. (cytologicsbio.com)

Here we demonstrate that stimulation of mouse CD4(+) T cells by immature allogeneic dendritic cells combined with pharmacological inhibition of phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE) resulted in a functional enrichment of Foxp3(+) T cells. (lu.se)
This leads to the activation of macrophages, dendritic cells, other immune cells, and endothelial cells. (labclinics.com)
Dendritic cells (DCs) play pivotal roles in the initiation, regulation, and maintenance of immune responses. (ashpublications.org)
Characterization of dendritic cells generated in vivo by an E. coli derived chimeric dual receptor agonist. (medscimonit.com)
Despite lower co-stimulatory molecule expression, ProGP-4-generated Class II+/CD11c+ cells stimulated proliferation of allogeneic T cells and an antigen-specific T cell hybridoma as efficiently as bone marrow derived dendritic cells from untreated mice. (medscimonit.com)
In MLR assays of human CD8 + T cells and allogeneic dendritic cells, the combination of HexaBody-CD27 and pembrolizumab synergistically enhanced IFN-γ secretion. (bmj.com)

We found that MSC-Exo greatly reduced the intensity of ongoing EAU as their parent cells by reducing the infiltration of T cell subsets, and other inflammatory cells, in the eyes. (nature.com)
Immunological function assays indicated that O3 exposure attenuated the proliferation of spleen mononuclear cells induced by concanavalin A and decreased CD4+ and CD28+ lymphocyte subsets. (cdc.gov)

Mice primed with either ovalbumin or methylated BSA also showed enhanced antigen-specific immune response of both T and B cells, an immunological abnormality that exacerbated antigen-induced arthritis. (jci.org)
These assays have been used to determine the ability of T cells, NK cells, or any other immune cell to kill target cells in an antigen-specific or -nonspecific manner. (jove.com)
Despite occasional cases of expansion of melanoma-specific T cells ( 14 , 15 ), the bulk of the data suggest that there is no detectable expansion of tumor antigen-specific lymphocytes, in particular when focusing on CD8+ T-cell responses. (snmjournals.org)
Furthermore, the combination increased granzyme B and CD107a expression by antigen-specific CD8 + T-cells and enhanced CD8 + T-cell-mediated cytotoxic activity towards cognate antigen-expressing tumor cells. (bmj.com)

We now report that MT-Exendin mice develop extensive tissue lymphocytic infiltration with increased numbers of CD4 + and CD8a + cells in the liver and/or kidney and increased numbers of B220 + cells present in the pancreas and liver. (diabetesjournals.org)
Unlike acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized primarily by tissue infiltration by lymphocytes and macrophages. (labclinics.com)
A clear example of the critical role of CTLA4 on tolerance is the striking phenotype of CTLA4 knock-out mice, which develop rapid T-cell proliferation and autoimmune infiltration of multiple organs shortly after birth ( 6 , 7 ). (snmjournals.org)

In vitro, BMS-587101 effectively inhibits LFA-1 mediated T-cell proliferation in human HUVEC cells. (immune-system-research.com)
Moreover, BMS-587101 also inhibits the adhesion of mouse T cells to the mouse brain microvascular endothelial cell line. (immune-system-research.com)
And this compound also inhibits the production of Th1 cytokines in response to staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)-induced T cell activation. (immune-system-research.com)
Marsdenia tenacissimae extraction (MTE) inhibits the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of human acute T cell leukemia cells through inactivating. (oncotarget.com)

B and T lymphocytes, CD4+ B lymphocytes versus CD8+ T lymphocytes), and tests that measure T-cell proliferation or function in response to specific or nonspecific stimuli (e.g., lymphocyte proliferation assays) ( 4,5 ). (cdc.gov)
This ulcerated nodule of localized primary cutaneous CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma is relatively nonspecific in appearance. (medscape.com)

In the present study, data showed that O3 exposure could impair both the natural killer (NK) cell activity and the proliferation potential of spleen T cells to a specific antigen stimulus. (cdc.gov)
The proliferation of spleen cells were assessed by Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) assay. (biomedcentral.com)
Germinal centers where B cells proliferate and differentiate are poorly developed in all lymphoid tissue, including the spleen. (medscape.com)
The use of cell lines does, however, introduce a risk the immunoglobulin (Ig)-secreting plasma cell in the spleen, of obtaining cell line-specific features as a result of the trans- gut, or BM [1, 2]. (lu.se)

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. (bio-techne.com)
Multiple steps standard sandwich ELISA assay with a working time of 3-5 hours. (abbkine.com)
Ni-NTA chromatography Fusion tag:His-tag at the C-terminus Application: WB, ELISA, SDS-PAGE, Cell culture, Elisa Product Description: Protein Description: Active. (biofargo.com)
Fusion tag:is-tag at the C-terminus Application:WB, ELISA, SDS-PAGE, Cell culture, Elisa Product Description: Protein Description: 4-1BB. (biofargo.com)
Mice are monitored by ELISA for production of the antibody against crude C. immitis antigen and then sacrificed for evaluation of their T-cell reactivity in ILNP assays. (grantome.com)
Des préparations d'antigènes bruts de Setaria equina ont été utilisées dans le cadre des méthodes ELISA et transfert Western afin d'étudier la réaction croisée avec des sérums humains en provenance de zones endémiques pour la filariose de Bancroft. (who.int)

Besides the cell source choice, also mechanical stimuli are crucial in the development and maintenance of articular cartilage. (nature.com)
C and D)Potential rules of the manifestation of the Sox5 gene in response to B cell stimuli. (mingsheng88.org)
Purified B cells were cultured ex lover vivo in the absence or presence of stimuli of NB-598 hydrochloride B cell survival, proliferation, and activation. (mingsheng88.org)
B cell stimuli examined include: 2 g/ml anti-CD40, 20 g/ml LPS, 1 g/ml anti-BCR, and 100 nM CpG2084, only or in combination. (mingsheng88.org)
Splenic B cells were purified from LMC and tumor-free young B-TRAF3-/-mice (age: 10-12 weeks), and then stimulated with a variety of B cell stimuli. (mingsheng88.org)
Interestingly, Sox5 proteins were not detectable in normal LMC or premalignant TRAF3-/-B cells after treatment with any examined B cell stimuli, although TRAF1 proteins were potently induced by these stimuli (Fig. 1D). (mingsheng88.org)

IL-7 is produced by a wide variety of cells in primary and secondary lymphoid tissues, including stromal epithelial cells of the thymus, bone marrow, and intestines (1, 2, 5). (bio-techne.com)
The device may also have the capability to flag, count, or classify immature or abnormal hematopoietic cells of the blood, bone marrow, or other body fluids. (medicregister.com)
In the fetal bone marrow, the first committed cell in B-cell lineage is the early pro-B cell, which is identified by its ability to proliferate in the presence of interleukin (IL)-7. (medscape.com)
B lymphocyte development is a highly ordered process pro- expression analysis without the use of intermediate amplifica- ceeding from the progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM) to tion steps. (lu.se)

Adoptive transfer of expanded natural killer cells inhibited the growth of established OPM2 and high-risk primary myeloma tumors grown in the murine model. (haematologica.org)
In the proposed research, we have used a novel molecular approach to the systematic identification of the recombinant T-cell reactive proteins (RTPs), an evaluation of the immunoprotective properties of these macromolecules in a murine model of coccidioidomycosis. (grantome.com)
The RTP is further tested for reactivity in murine ILNP assays and T-cell lines, an in patient lymphocyte proliferation assays. (grantome.com)

Activation of mainly T cells or lysis of immune cells induces a release of IFN gamma or TNF alpha. (labclinics.com)
In addition, it stimulates histamine secretion by mast cells, IgE and IgG production by lymphocytes, increases CD80 expression on antigen-presenting cells, and induces activation and proliferation of NK cells. (quanterix.com)

Here we investigated gene expression and secretion of soluble factors elicited by GB004 treatment on immune cells and epithelial cells, human monolayer assays and immune co-culture studies to further explore its protective mechanism. (ecco-ibd.eu)
The protective role of GB004 on barrier integrity was further supported by immunostaining experiments demonstrating that GB004 treatment protected epithelial cells from TNFa-induced cell apoptosis, improving both epithelial cell number and tight junction protein ZO-1 staining. (ecco-ibd.eu)

Therefore, determination of which C. immitis antigens stimulate T-cell responses rather than antibody responses is essential for subsequent isolation of macromolecules of the organism that elicit immunoprotection. (grantome.com)
We show that HCV-specific T cells induced by ChAd3 are optimally boosted with MVA, and generate very high levels of both CD8(+) and CD4(+) HCV-specific T cells targeting multiple HCV antigens. (ox.ac.uk)
Sixty percent of cases express 1 or more T-cell antigens (CD3 + , CD43, or CD45RO). (medscape.com)

The thymidine is incorporated into dividing cells and the level of this incorporation, measured using a liquid scintillation counter, is proportional to the amount of cell proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
The bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) Uptake assay follows a similar approach to measuring cell proliferation as 3H-Thymadine Incorporation assay, except BrdU becomes incorporated into replicating DNA in place of 3H-TdR and immunohistochemistry techniques are used for detection. (cytologicsbio.com)

Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) is another thymidine analog that is often used for the detection of proliferating cells in living tissues. (wikipedia.org)

CFSE is used to track lymphocyte migration and proliferation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
After the co-culture of B16 cells and CD8 + T cells, the effects of Notch1 on the proliferation and activation of T cells were assessed by CCK8 assay, CFSE dilution and Chromium-release test. (biomedcentral.com)
CFSE (5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate N-succinimidyl ester) is a cell staining dye used for accurately tracking the proliferation of stimulated cells across multiple generations. (cytologicsbio.com)
As CFSE diffuses into the cell, its succinimidyl group covalently binds to intracellular lysine residues, producing green fluorescence. (cytologicsbio.com)
CFSE dye provides an intense fluorescent staining which enables the tracing of eight or more generations of proliferating cells before the signal strength is diluted by intrinsic cellular auto-fluorescence. (cytologicsbio.com)

Flow cytometric analysis revealed partial cell arrest in the G(1) phase at less than 5 micro L/mL and induction of apoptosis at 10 micro L/mL or more of ethanol and water extracts, with the latter exhibiting more pronounced inhibition than the former. (nih.gov)
I'm-Yunity acts selectively in HL-60 leukemic cells, resulting in cell cycle restriction through the G(1)/S checkpoint and the induction of apoptosis. (nih.gov)
Several assays are available to monitor apoptosis and other forms of cell death. (bmglabtech.com)
These and other assays are extremely good in evaluating apoptosis in a homogenous cell population, but are less useful when evaluating apoptosis in only one type of cell when a mixture of cells is present. (bmglabtech.com)
In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of MTE on the proliferation and apoptosis of Jurkat cells (T-ALL lines) and lymphocytes from T-ALL (T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia) patients. (oncotarget.com)
Mechanistically, MTE enhanced PTEN (phosphatases and tensin homolog) level and inactivated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in Jurkat cells, which mediated the inhibition of cell proliferation by MTE and MTE-induced apoptosis. (oncotarget.com)
Finally, MTE significantly inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of lymphocytes from T-ALL patients, compared with lymphocytes from healthy peoples. (oncotarget.com)
Taken together, these results reveal an unrecognized function of MTE in inhibiting the proliferation and inducing the apoptosis of T-ALL cells, and identify a pathway of PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR for the effects of MTE on leukemia therapy. (oncotarget.com)

It was reported recently that PPARγ activation by its agonistic ligands modifies lymphocyte function. (jci.org)
Dysregulation of the NF-κB pathway in B cells from PPARγ +/- was indicated by spontaneous NF-κB activation, as well as increased IκBα phosphorylation and gel-shift activity following LPS stimulation. (jci.org)
a set of quantitative signs of activation, previously developed in studies of inflammatory peritoneal macrophages, has been applied to the study of immunologically stimulated peritoneal cells. (liverpool.ac.uk)
It could also enhance B16 cell-mediated inhibition of T cell proliferation and activation, and upregulate PD-1 expression on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Our previous study has shown that interference of both Notch co-activation factor MAML1 blocks the activation of Notch pathway in both human and mouse melanoma cells, suggesting a potential new treatment strategy [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) is a coinhibitory activation-induced surface receptor on T cells that functions as a major negative regulator of anti-self-immune responses. (snmjournals.org)
Once a T cell is activated through its T-cell receptor, downstream T-cell receptor signaling through Src kinases results in tyrosine phosphorylation of CTLA4 and the uncoupling of CTLA4 from AP50, allowing its surface expression, which peaks at 48 h after activation. (snmjournals.org)
The TRAF1 blot was used as control of successful B cell activation, and the actin blot was used as loading control. (mingsheng88.org)
We next investigated the potential involvement of Sox5 up-regulation in the survival, proliferation and activation of B lymphocytes. (mingsheng88.org)
Background Activation of the T-cell co-stimulatory receptor CD27 and blockade of the PD-1:PD-L1 axis can augment antitumor immune responses through distinct mechanisms. (bmj.com)
HexaBody ® -CD27 (GEN1053/BNT313) is a novel CD27 human monoclonal antibody with a functionally inert IgG1 Fc domain harboring a hexamerization-enhancing mutation to induce CD27 activation independently of Fc gamma receptor crosslinking, while also avoiding T-cell depletion. (bmj.com)
Activation of Btk results in a cascade of signaling events resulting in calcium mobilization and fluxes, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and transcriptional regulation involving nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). (medscape.com)
Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are distinguished from other lymphomas by their anaplastic cytology and constant membrane expression of the CD30 antigen (an activation marker for B or T cells). (medscape.com)

The in vitro effects of MSC-Exo on immune cell migration and responder T cell proliferation were examined by chemotactic assays and lymphocyte proliferation assays, respectively. (nature.com)

Notably, PDE inhibition also enhanced the enrichment of human Foxp3(+) CD4(+) T cells driven by allogeneic APCs. (lu.se)
This process is B7-homolog (H)1-dependent during cell contact inhibition. (korea.ac.kr)

the kinetics of the response showed that indomethacin must be added to lymphocyte cultures within hours after mitogen or antigen addition for enhancement of [3h]thymidine uptake to occur. (liverpool.ac.uk)
In addition, studies show that tumor proliferation and metastasis may occur when inflammatory cytokines create a microenvironment conducive to cancer progression. (labclinics.com)
Although defects may occur in many steps in B-cell development and maturation, resulting in agammaglobulinemia, the most common and well-described defect is the impaired maturation of the pro-B cells to pre-B cells. (medscape.com)

With the explosion in tumor immunotherapy research in recent years, there is growing interest in finding agents to increase the cytotoxic activity of immune cells to improve patient outcomes. (jove.com)
As with any assay examining the function of immune cells in vitro , there are a number of important considerations to consider improving the performance of the experiment. (jove.com)
Most immune cells do not make new DNA unless they are activated, so a positive response is easily detectable against low background interference. (cytologicsbio.com)

Radioactivity - especially, chromium 51 ( 51 Cr) in the form of Na 2 51 CrO 4 - is an inexpensive way to rapidly and nonspecifically label cellular proteins within the target cells (1). (jove.com)
Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. (medchemexpress.com)
Results of our earlier studies have indicated that potent T-cell reactive proteins are expressed during 1) transition of the saprobic to parasitic phase, 2) isotropic growth of spherules, and 3) endosporulation. (grantome.com)
Total cellular proteins were prepared from purified LMC splenic B cells or splenic B lymphomas or ascites of different individual B-TRAF3-/-mice. (mingsheng88.org)
Taqman assay of Sox5 was performed as explained in (A). Graphs depict the results of two self-employed experiments with duplicate reactions in each experiment (mean S.D.). (D) Total cellular proteins were prepared at 24 hours after treatment, and immunoblotted for Sox5, followed by TRAF1 and actin. (mingsheng88.org)
To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)

The choice of assay should be based on: 1) the type of pathogen causing the infection and the body system of the patient that is most frequently infected, 2) breed, age, and history of the patient, 3) evaluation of the complete blood count (CBC). (dvm360.com)

One of the main functions of the cells of the immune system is to remove target cells that have been infected with viruses or have undergone transformation into a tumor cell. (jove.com)
Cytotoxic activity of claudin-6-specific human CD8 + T cells towards MDA-MB-231 tumor cells expressing cognate antigen was analyzed using real-time analysis of tumor cell mass, along with flow cytometric analysis of granzyme B and CD107a expression on CD8 + T cells. (bmj.com)

Regulatory T cells (T(regs)) manipulated ex vivo have potential as cellular therapeutics in autoimmunity and transplantation. (lu.se)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
ATP is a nucleotide found in cells that captures chemical energy obtained from the breakdown of food molecules and releases it to fuel other cellular processes. (cytologicsbio.com)
The emitted light is proportional to the level of cellular ATP in the assay, which is measured to assess the number of cells. (cytologicsbio.com)

RANTES signals through CCR1, CCR3 and CCR5 receptors and recruits T cells, macrophages, eosinophils and basophils to sites of inflammation. (quanterix.com)
A central area of necrosis (called geographic necrosis) is rimmed by lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages, and giant cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Without further manipulation or selection, the resultant population delayed skin allograft rejection mediated by polyclonal CD4(+) effectors or donor-reactive CD8(+) T cell receptor transgenic T cells and inhibited both effector cell proliferation and T cell priming for interferon-γ production. (lu.se)

In contrast to T cells, which did not exhibit a significant difference, B cells from PPARγ +/- showed an enhanced proliferative response to stimulation by either lipopolysaccharide or cross-linking of antigen receptors. (jci.org)
In the BioMAP human co-culture assay, cells were treated with GB004 one hour prior to stimulation and incubated for 24-168 hours. (ecco-ibd.eu)
Repligut human stem-cell-derived monolayer platforms were used to assess GB004 effects under unstimulated or TNFa stimulation conditions. (ecco-ibd.eu)
GB004 demonstrated activity in 11 of 12 systems in the BioMAP human co-culture assay, which covers a range of disease-relevant immune and non-immune mechanisms under stimulation conditions. (ecco-ibd.eu)

It labels cells by covalently binding to intracellular molecules. (sigmaaldrich.com)

It was previously shown that O3 exposure (0.6 ppm, 10 h/day for 15 days) not only results in local bronchial inflammation, but also affects the nervous system and thymocyte proliferation, and places mice under oxidative stress. (cdc.gov)
However, supplementation with natural antioxidants protected mice from O3-induced dysfunction of splenocyte proliferation. (cdc.gov)
We showed higher DTH, increased lymphocyte proliferation, decreased tumor growth and reduced JAK2/STAT3 phosphorylation in mice treated with naringenin and CPT. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, lymphocytes isolated from MT-Exendin mice proliferate in response to proexendin-4 but not after exposure to Ex-4 or ENTP. (diabetesjournals.org)
These mice are devoid of endogenous natural killer and T-cell activity and were used to determine whether adoptively transferred expanded natural killer cells could inhibit myeloma growth and myeloma-associated bone destruction. (haematologica.org)
Downregulation or overexpression of Notch1 in B16 melanoma cells inhibited or promoted tumor growth in immunocompetent mice, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
CD11c+ cells from ProGP-4 treated mice co-expressed DEC205 and also expressed CD80, CD86 and CD40, albeit at lower levels as compared to Class II+/CD11c+ cells from untreated animals. (medscimonit.com)
We 1st verified the transcriptional up-regulation of Sox5 in splenic B lymphomas and ascites spontaneously developed in 6 different individual B-TRAF3-/-mice using TaqMan gene manifestation assay (Fig. 1A). (mingsheng88.org)
Splenic B Rabbit Polyclonal to OR5AS1 cells were purified from 10- to 12- week-old LMC and tumor-free B-TRAF3-/-mice. (mingsheng88.org)

Risk assessment proliferation is related causally and quantitatively to potency, LLNA EC3 values are recommended for determination of a no expected sensitisation induction level that represents the first step in quantitative risk assessment. (cdc.gov)

Enhances lymphocyte migration. (abbkine.com)

Molecular imaging with the PET probe 18 F-FLT allows mapping and noninvasive imaging of cell proliferation in secondary lymphoid organs after CTLA4 blockade in patients with metastatic melanoma. (snmjournals.org)

In diabetic rodents, GLP-1 increases β-cell mass via proliferative, neogenic, and antiapoptotic actions ( 1 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Ligated DCs exhibited poor stimulatory activity for primary and memory T-cell proliferative responses, but this was substantially reversed by blockade of CD80 or its preferred ligand CTLA-4, or by depleting CD4 + CD25 + CD127 lo regulatory T cells. (ashpublications.org)
GB004 treatment also reduced the proliferative activity in the in vitro lymphocyte assay systems. (ecco-ibd.eu)

However, no inhibitory effect of MSC-Exo on IRBP-specific T cell proliferation was observed. (nature.com)
The inhibitory effect of MSCs on T lymphocytes was observed using PHA-induced T cell proliferation assays. (korea.ac.kr)

Conversely, some diseases are hallmarked by the overexuberant activity of immune cell cytotoxic activity, resulting in efforts to identify agents to temper these responses. (jove.com)
enhancement of lymphocyte blastogenic and delayed hypersensitivity skin responses by indomethacin. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Recent studies have suggested a role for human leukocyte Ig-like receptors (LILRs, also known as ILT, LIR, or CD85) in regulating the function of myeloid cells, potentially implicating these molecules in the control of immune responses. (ashpublications.org)
We have developed an HCV vaccine strategy, with durable, broad, sustained, and balanced T cell responses, characteristic of those associated with viral control, paving the way for the first efficacy studies of a prophylactic HCV vaccine. (ox.ac.uk)

Conclusions These studies provide the rationale for testing expanded natural killer cells in humans. (haematologica.org)
Our data suggest that F exposure exerts a complex and relevant effect on Treg cells in humans. (fluoridealert.org)

A zone of fibroblastic proliferation with palisading histiocytes may surround the area. (msdmanuals.com)
Karyorrhectic foci consist of various types of histiocytes, plasmacytoid monocytes, immunoblasts, and small and large lymphocytes. (medscape.com)
Initially described in Japan, KFD was first reported almost simultaneously by Kikuchi and by Fujimoto and associates in 1972 as a lymphadenitis with focal proliferation of reticular cells accompanied by numerous histiocytes and extensive nuclear debris. (medscape.com)

These results suggest that MSC-Exo effectively ameliorate EAU by inhibiting the migration of inflammatory cells, indicating a potential novel therapy of MSC-Exo for uveitis. (nature.com)

We previously demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ameliorated experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in rats. (nature.com)
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy for the treatment of autoimmune diseases has demonstrated a particular promise after its successful applications in both animal models and patients. (nature.com)
For example, autoimmune conditions arise when our immune system mistakes our cells or tissues for pathogens and attacks them. (labclinics.com)
T regulatory (Treg) cells play an important role in the modulation of the immune response, and are implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. (fluoridealert.org)

Different volumes of 70% ethanol and water extracts of I'm-Yunity were incubated with cultures of human promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells, and compared to nontreated control cells. (nih.gov)
Estrogens are steroid hormones that act via estrogen receptors to exert both intranuclear and extranuclear effects in human cells. (bmglabtech.com)
Target cells (MCF-7, human breast cancer cells) were incubated at 106 cells/mL in phenolred free MEM plus 5% CD-calf serum with BATDA for 10 min at room temperature, followed by 4 washes. (bmglabtech.com)
We tested whether natural killer cells expanded by co-culture with K562 cells transfected with 41BBL and membrane-bound interleukin-15 could kill myeloma cells with a high-risk gene expression profile in vitro and in a unique model which recapitulates human myeloma. (haematologica.org)
The transferred, expanded natural killer cells proliferated in vivo in an interleukin-2 dose-dependent fashion, persisted up to 4 weeks, were readily detectable in the human bone, inhibited myeloma growth and protected bone from myeloma-induced osteolysis. (haematologica.org)
2. Mouse IL-7RA-Fc can bind Human IL-7-His with an affinity constant of 29.0 nM as determined in BLI assay. (medchemexpress.com)
In the human Repligut intestinal epithelium assay, GB004 significantly reduced cell death and improved barrier integrity in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines. (ecco-ibd.eu)
A human vaccine strategy based on chimpanzee adenoviral and MVA vectors that primes, boosts, and sustains functional HCV-specific T cell memory. (ox.ac.uk)
Analysis used single-cell mass cytometry and human leukocyte antigen class I peptide tetramer technology in healthy human volunteers. (ox.ac.uk)

Preclinical models predict that blockade of the coinhibitory molecule cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) on lymphocytes results in the release of a cell cycle inhibitory checkpoint, allowing lymphocyte proliferation, tumor targeting, and regression. (snmjournals.org)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into chondrocytes, while mechanical loading has been proposed as alternative strategy to induce chondrogenesis excluding the use of exogenous factors. (nature.com)

3-5 LILRs are encoded by a set of genes within the leukocyte receptor cluster on chromosome 19q13.4, adjacent to the killer Ig-like receptor ( KIR ) genes that are responsible for controlling NK- and CD8 T-cell survival and effector functions. (ashpublications.org)

Representative examples of lymphocyte proliferation results. (cdc.gov)
Results: Lymphocytes stimulated with the mitogens were observed directly with an inverted microscope. (org.ir)
Conclusion: Comparison of the data with previous studies on proliferation of specific lymphocytes in response to rubella vaccination confirms our results. (org.ir)
The engagement of CTLA4 by costimulatory molecules results in decreased T-cell receptor signaling, interleukin 2 transcription ( 3 ), and cell cycle arrest at the G1 stage, with the final result of inducing T-cell anergy ( 4 , 5 ). (snmjournals.org)

After pulse-labeling cells with BrdU, mouse mAb can be used to detect BrdU incorporated into single stranded DNA. (cytologicsbio.com)

Anatomy47

Organisms16

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs91

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment37

Phenomena and Processes55

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Flow cytometry5

Assessed in a mixed lymphocyte1

Enzyme-Linke2

Mixed lymphocyte reaction2

Antibodies10

Differentiation11

Lymph7

Peripheral13

Cytotoxicity5

Immunity13

Cytotoxic T lymphocyt3

Populations7

Loss of membrane integrity3

Chromium Release Assay1

Vitro assays1

TUNEL2

Cytokine3

Thymidine incorporation4

Dendritic cells6

Subsets2

Antigen-specific4

Infiltration3

Inhibits4

Nonspecific2

Spleen4

ELISA6

Stimuli6

Bone marrow4

Murine3

Induces2

Epithelial cells2

Antigens3

Incorporation2

Bromodeoxyuridine1

CFSE5

Apoptosis8

Activation13

Chemotactic1

Inhibition2

Occur3

Immune cells3

Proteins6

Type of pathogen1

Tumor cell2

Cellular4

Macrophages2

Effector cell1

Stimulation4

Intracellular1

Mice9

LLNA1

Enhances1

Secondary lymphoid1

Proliferative3

Inhibitory effect2

Responses4

Humans2

Histiocytes3

Migration1

Autoimmune4

Human9

Checkpoint1

Mesenchymal stem1

Survival1

Results4

BrdU1