VasodilationPerfusionHypoxic pulmonary vasocoCerebral vasoconstrictionOxygenationVenousPeripheralHyperventilationArteriesPathogenesisOcclusionSmooth musclSystolicBlood FlowDysfunctionDecreaseCardiac outputPressureConcentrationVesselsToneTypeStudyPulmonary arterialVasodilationSystemicCauses vasoconstrictionHypoxic vasoconstrictionVasodilatationDiastolicAngiotensin IIEndothelial cellsAcuteSympatheticIncreasesNarrowing of the blood vesselsWater reabsorptionSodiumResistanceHypoxemiaVasospasmBloodThrombosisPatientsInhibitDisorderVascular toneOxygen contentStimulantInfiltrationArteryDosesSignificantlyCellularIncreaseResultsHeart
Vasodilation5
- In the body alkalosis generally induces vasodilation (widening of the blood vessels) but in the brain alone it causes vasoconstriction (narrowing of the blood vessels)[citation needed]. (wikipedia.org)
- SVR is a measure of the degree of vasodilation or vasoconstriction. (vin.com)
- Changes in force detected at the transducer reflect active vasoconstriction or vasodilation of the artery (the force changes, but the stretch stays constant). (reprocell.com)
- Other measurable effects include a vasoconstriction of cerebral blood vessels, vasodilation of systemic blood vessels and reduced blood flow. (deeperblue.com)
- The combined effects of systemic vasodilation and cerebral vasoconstriction cause a restriction in blood flow to the brain. (deeperblue.com)
Perfusion6
- These findings demonstrate that increased pulmonary NO levels (produced by NOS2 or inhaled at high levels from exogenous sources) are necessary during the septic process to impair HPV, ventilation/perfusion matching and arterial oxygenation in a murine sepsis model. (nih.gov)
- During local alveolar hypoxia, HPV matches perfusion to ventilation to maintain optimal arterial oxygenation. (ersjournals.com)
- Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), also known as the von Euler-Liljestrand mechanism, is an intrinsic mechanism of the pulmonary vasculature in response to alveolar hypoxia, to match ventilation to perfusion and optimise pulmonary gas exchange ( figure 1 ). (ersjournals.com)
- Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction optimises gas exchange by matching perfusion to ventilation. (ersjournals.com)
- Falling partial pressure of oxygen with altitude results in a number of physiologic adaptations including hyperventilation, pulmonary vasoconstriction, altered ventilation/perfusion matching, and increased sympathetic tone. (nih.gov)
- It is believed that a mean arterial blood pressure of 70 mm Hg is required for adequate perfusion of vital organs such as the brain, heart and kidneys. (vin.com)
Hypoxic pulmonary vasoco2
- Sepsis and endotoxemia impair hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), thereby reducing arterial oxygenation and enhancing hypoxemia. (nih.gov)
- Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), also known as the von Euler-Liljestrand mechanism, is an essential response of the pulmonary vasculature to acute and sustained alveolar hypoxia. (ersjournals.com)
Cerebral vasoconstriction1
- Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome - Abnormal, excess squeezing of the walls of blood vessels in the head. (tuftsmedicalcenter.org)
Oxygenation3
- [ 1 , 24 ] In the setting of poor oxygenation not expected to quickly improve with an alternative temporary MCS device or during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the preferred temporary MCS option may be veno-arterial (VA) ECMO. (medscape.com)
- Medical conditions characteristic of respiratory dysfunctions can be lethal as they disrupt the arterial oxygenation level and impair the functional supply of oxygen to major organs. (ceufast.com)
- The technique measures oxygenation in a mixture of venous and arterial blood. (lu.se)
Venous1
- An elevated arterial or free venous serum ammonia level is the classic laboratory abnormality reported in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. (medscape.com)
Peripheral4
- Constriction of the arterioles increases the peripheral resistance and thereby raises the arterial pressure back towards normal which elevates the arterial blood pressure. (ceufast.com)
- In Medicare aged subjects with clinically identified risk factors for OSA, how does the diagnostic accuracy of tests other than PSG or Type II, III & IV HST, such as oximetry, peripheral arterial tone and actigraphy, alone or in combination, compare with PSG and Type II, III & IV HST in confirming a diagnosis of CPAP-responsive OSA? (cms.gov)
- Thus, augmented peripheral vasoconstriction at the level of resistance vessels may lead to hypertension in the presence of normal cardiac output. (mhmedical.com)
- These data suggest that a predisposition to elevated arterial pressure following recovery from ARF is associated with enhanced peripheral vascular sensitivity to Ang II. (eurekamag.com)
Hyperventilation1
- Chronic hyperventilation leads to arterial hypocapnia (low arterial CO2) causing vasoconstriction since CO2 is the most potent known dilator of blood vessels. (normalbreathing.com)
Arteries3
- The experiment assesses whether test articles cause vasoconstriction in human subcutaneous resistance arteries with PDA-angiotensin 1 as a reference compound. (reprocell.com)
- Resistance arteries therefore play an important role in the regulation of arterial blood pressure. (reprocell.com)
- Expressed in endothelial cells from small and large arteries, and in arterial smooth muscle cells. (avivasysbio.com)
Pathogenesis2
- The pathogenesis of arterial hypertension often involves a rise in systemic vascular resistance (vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling) and impairment of salt excretion in the kidney (inappropriate salt retention despite elevated blood pressure). (nature.com)
- Diverse cellular processes and signalling pathways contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). (ersjournals.com)
Occlusion1
- In our studies, the feasibility of using PAI for estimating the spatial distribution of oxygen saturation is examined, in models of occlusion reperfusion and adrenalin-dependent vasoconstriction in humans. (lu.se)
Smooth muscl1
- The oxygen sensing and signal transduction machinery is located in the pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) of the pre-capillary vessels, albeit the physiological response may be modulated in vivo by the endothelium. (ersjournals.com)
Systolic1
- More recently, large arterial stiffness has been shown to contribute to elevated systolic BP. (mhmedical.com)
Blood Flow1
- Arterial dissection - A tear in the wall of a blood vessel in the head or neck, leading to obstruction of blood flow. (tuftsmedicalcenter.org)
Dysfunction2
- The role of mTOR signaling network and growth suppressor TSC2 in pulmonary vascular cell reprograming, PA remodeling and right ventricular dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension. (ucdavis.edu)
- Dysfunction in a myriad of overlapping signalling pathways can promote endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and differentiation, smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, migration and vasoconstriction, pericyte proliferation, migration and differentiation, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, immune cell infiltration and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling in the pulmonary artery. (ersjournals.com)
Decrease2
- Decrease in partial pressure of arterial CO2. (wikipedia.org)
- The association showed a significant correlation for few prevalent indicators: dyspnea, decrease in partial pressure of oxygen/hypoxemia, increase in accessory muscle use, abnormal breathing pattern, tachypnea, bradypnea, a decrease in carbon dioxide and, arterial blood gases. (bvsalud.org)
Cardiac output1
- It is generally agreed that the onset of hypocapnia causes tachycardia, increased cardiac output and reduced systemic vascular resistance and mean arterial blood pressure. (deeperblue.com)
Pressure10
- Both of these effects tend to elevate the blood volume thus increasing the arterial blood pressure. (ceufast.com)
- Vasoconstriction elevates the arterial blood pressure. (ceufast.com)
- Results suggest that in VWF, the dermal circulation remains impaired, even after the restoration of arterial blood pressure in the digits. (cdc.gov)
- According to three guideline statements, the arterial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) should be maintained above 50 to 55 mm Hg at all altitudes. (nih.gov)
- It directly causes arterial smooth muscle to contract, leading to vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure. (standardofcare.com)
- In fact, invasive blood pressure is widely used for accurate BP monitoring of critical patients or during general anesthesia where arterial blood sampling is required. (vin.com)
- Mean arterial pressure increased significantly during the highest remifentanil CRI (9% higher than for the control treatment). (avma.org)
- In study I, arterial pressure in conscious animals was not different between ARF and sham-operated controls at 5 weeks of recovery, however ARF-rats manifested an increased pressor sensitivity to acute graded doses of Ang II. (eurekamag.com)
- 2) Acute risk factor: A short-term physiological change, such as a surge in arterial pressure or heart rate, an increase in coagulability, or vasoconstriction, that follows a trigger and may result in disease onset. (wikidoc.org)
- These vasoconstrictor drugs have been associated with anesthetic salts and have directly acted on the system of blood vessels of the area anesthetized, resulting in the vasoconstriction as main effect, but exerting a side effect on blood pressure and/or heart rate 3 , in addition to the pain and anxiety during anesthetic application 18 . (bvsalud.org)
Concentration2
- To assess their ability to elicit vasoconstriction, 6 point cumulative concentration response curves (CCRC's) will be performed for each test article. (reprocell.com)
- An increase in plasma vasopressin concentration was associated with the vasoconstriction observed in dogs anesthetized with remifentanil-isoflurane. (avma.org)
Vessels3
- Vasoconstriction of blood vessels supplying brain. (wikipedia.org)
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening disease characterized by vasoconstriction and remodeling of the pulmonary vessels. (lu.se)
- One of the ways this blood is redistributed as the diver dives deeper is a vasoconstriction of the blood vessels, a mechanism that has been observed in animals: a reflex mechanism that causes few problems during a typical descent. (deeperblue.com)
Tone1
- Addition of Hb-200 (1 μm) to arterial rings, precontracted with phenylephrine (50-70% maximum phenylephrine-induced tone), resulted in vasoconstriction. (gla.ac.uk)
Type1
- Familial pulmonary arterial hypertension (FPAH) is caused, in 80% of families, by autosomal dominant mutations in the gene encoding bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 ( BMPR2 ). (ersjournals.com)
Study2
- The Vanderbilt pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) research registry provided the study base from which the subjects in this study were recruited. (ersjournals.com)
- The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of Hb-200 on isolated rat arterial rings. (gla.ac.uk)
Pulmonary arterial25
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating life-threatening disorder characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular resistance leading to elevated pulmonary arterial pressures, right ventricular failure, and ultimately death. (medscape.com)
- Vascular endothelial cells mainly produce and secrete endothelin (ET-1) in vessels that lead to a potent and long-lasting vasoconstrictive effect in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. (medscape.com)
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare condition characterized by severe remodeling of the small pulmonary arteries, leading to chronic pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension (defined by a mean pulmonary artery pressure ≥25 mmHg with a mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure ≤15 mmHg), right heart failure, and ultimately death. (medscape.com)
- Pulmonary arterial pressure is usually increased, and renal blood flow is usually decreased. (nih.gov)
- Both sildenafil doses reduced the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) at rest and during exercise, without differences between them. (nih.gov)
- Pulmonary hypertension, defined as a mean pulmonary arterial pressure greater than 25 mm Hg at rest or greater than 30 mm Hg during exercise, is often characterized by a progressive and sustained increase in pulmonary vascular resistance that eventually may lead to right ventricular failure. (medscape.com)
- This review focuses on group 1 pulmonary hypertension, which is also referred to as pulmonary arterial hypertension. (medscape.com)
- Gross pathology on patient who died of severe pulmonary arterial hypertension secondary to persistent patent ductus arteriosus. (medscape.com)
- The prognosis of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is variable and depends on the etiology, severity, and treatment. (medscape.com)
- Management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is multifaceted and consists of supportive therapy as well as advanced vasodilatory therapy. (medscape.com)
- While no specific guidelines exist, patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) should generally follow a low-sodium diet to minimize excessive fluid retention. (medscape.com)
- Guidelines recommend that patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remain active, although they should avoid excessive activity that precipitates symptoms. (medscape.com)
- Patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) should be seen at a center that specializes in pulmonary hypertension treatment. (medscape.com)
- Increased pulmonary vascular resistance is the main pathogenic mechanism in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). (medscape.com)
- On pathology, patients with PAH are found to have hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the intima, media, and adventitia of the pulmonary arterial vasculature. (medscape.com)
- In the present study, we aimed to investigate the association between ARHGEF18 rs3745357 polymorphism and nonidiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension susceptibility (niPAH). (hindawi.com)
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a progressive and lethal disease which occurs at the small pulmonary arteries and is characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance due to vascular proliferation and remodeling [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
- In translational models of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), spironolactone improves cardiopulmonary hemodynamics by attenuating the adverse effects of hyperaldosteronism on endothelin type-B receptor function in pulmonary endothelial cells. (nih.gov)
- BIORPHEN can precipitate angina in patients with severe arteriosclerosis or history of angina, exacerbate underlying heart failure, and increase pulmonary arterial pressure. (nih.gov)
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by increased pulmonary artery pressure leading to right ventricular (RV) failure. (frontiersin.org)
- Pulmonary hypertension is defined by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure ( P pa ) ≥25 mmHg at rest [ 1 , 2 ]. (ersjournals.com)
- 5 6 They are also increased with right ventricular overload and associated with a poor prognosis in pulmonary arterial hypertension and pulmonary thromboembolism. (bmj.com)
- Introduction Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has been reported as a rare but significant complication in pregnancy. (estme.org)
- Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a rare condition that has a reported incidence of one or two cases per million per year (Rich et al. (estme.org)
- 1987). The diagnosis is made hemodynamically with a systolic pulmonary artery pressure 30 mm Hg or a mean pulmonary arterial pressure of 20 mm Hg (McMillan et al. (estme.org)
Vasodilation6
- In the body alkalosis generally induces vasodilation (widening of the blood vessels) but in the brain alone it causes vasoconstriction (narrowing of the blood vessels)[citation needed]. (wikipedia.org)
- Under normal conditions, the brain adjusts the downstream cerebrovascular resistance by reflex vasoconstriction or vasodilation of cerebral arterioles, a function known as autoregulation. (nature.com)
- Changes in force detected at the transducer reflect active vasoconstriction or vasodilation of the artery (the force changes, but the stretch stays constant). (reprocell.com)
- Whenever we talk about vasoconstriction and vasodilation we are not including the capillaries - capillaries have no muscular walls and cannot constrict or dilate. (biologydictionary.net)
- Vasodilation and vasoconstriction work hand-in-hand. (biologydictionary.net)
- While vasoconstriction usually occurs in the presence of low blood pressure, vasodilation can be the result of hypoxia (low oxygen levels), nutrient starvation, hyperthermia, and hormone imbalance. (biologydictionary.net)
Systemic3
- Background The pathogenetic mechanism of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is paradoxical renal vasoconstriction consequent upon systemic and splanchnic arterial vasodilatation. (bmj.com)
- Systemic arterial embolism (SAE) is one of the more tragic syndromes affecting cats. (vin.com)
- Systemic arterial embolism is typically associated with an acute or peracute presentation, usually with rear limb paralysis/paresis. (vin.com)
Causes vasoconstriction1
- Insulin causes vasoconstriction and increases arterial pressure in obese insulin resistant hypertensive humans. (springer.com)
Hypoxic vasoconstriction1
- This effect is accompanied by the inhibition of hypoxic vasoconstriction, which impairs arterial oxygenation at rest. (nih.gov)
Vasodilatation1
- Normally, endothelial cells serve to maintain the integrity of the arterial wall, adapting to stress and injury by increasing wall thickness or altering the diameter to the lumen (channel cavity) of the vessel, increasing (vasodilatation) or decreasing (vasoconstriction) its size. (encyclopedia.com)
Diastolic2
- Pearson correlation coefficients and one-way repeated measures ANOVA were used to observe the systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) correlations. (nature.com)
- Figure 3: Depicts the effect of hemodilution on systolic, mean, diastolic and zero-flow arterial pressures. (ispub.com)
Angiotensin II2
- OBJECTIVES: To determine whether healthy subjects exposed to diesel exhaust exhibit acute vasoconstriction and whether this effect could be modified by the use of antioxidants or by common variants in the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1) and other candidate genes. (nih.gov)
- Angiotensin II effects include vasoconstriction and stimulating influence on excretion of aldosterone and activation of sympathetic nervous system. (umc-cares.org)
Endothelial cells1
- Specifically, the lab currently focuses on the role for Pannexin1 within both arterial and venous endothelial cells in determining the severity of an ischemic stroke or myocardial infarction. (tuftsmedicalcenter.org)
Acute1
- Pretreatment with antioxidants augments the acute arterial vasoconstriction caused by diesel exhaust inhalation. (cdc.gov)
Sympathetic1
- As I stated before, stress factors cause elevated activities of the sympathetic nervous system, which result in vasoconstriction. (medicalmassage-edu.com)
Increases1
- What hormone directly increases vasoconstriction? (onteenstoday.com)
Narrowing of the blood vessels1
- Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the blood vessels. (onteenstoday.com)
Water reabsorption1
- ADH then promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys and, at high concentrations, will also cause vasoconstriction. (onteenstoday.com)
Sodium2
- Relation of arterial pressure with body sodium, body potassium and plasma potassium in essential hypertension. (springer.com)
- The triggers for vasoconstriction are fluid loss (blood, urine, stomach contents, sweat, fluid evaporation due to severe burns), hypothermia, and hypernatremia (too much sodium in the blood). (biologydictionary.net)
Resistance2
- We perfused porcine livers for one week and investigated the effect of and mechanisms behind hyperoxia in the PV on hepatic arterial resistance. (uzh.ch)
- The experiment assesses whether test articles cause vasoconstriction in human subcutaneous resistance arteries with U46619 as a reference compound. (reprocell.com)
Hypoxemia1
- Nitroprusside can worsen arterial hypoxemia in patients with obstructive pulmonary airway disease since nitroprusside will interfere with hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. (pharmacology2000.com)
Vasospasm1
- This situation causes endothelial dysfunction characterised by vasospasm, vasoconstriction, local coagulation alterations, abnormal fibrinolysis, and an increase in arterial wall cell proliferation. (hindawi.com)
Blood19
- In current ex vivo liver perfusion protocols, hyperoxic blood (arterial blood) is commonly delivered in the portal vein (PV). (uzh.ch)
- Vasoconstriction of blood vessels supplying brain. (wikipedia.org)
- Near simultaneous non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) readings from 4 different locations (bilateral upper arm, bilateral wrist) and, when available, intra-arterial blood pressure readings (IABP) were included. (nature.com)
- How is vasoconstriction related to high blood pressure? (onteenstoday.com)
- Vasoconstriction and blood pressure are closely related. (onteenstoday.com)
- These two mechanisms together serve to increase effective arterial blood volume and increase blood pressure to maintain tissue perfusion. (onteenstoday.com)
- In these states, decreased baroreceptors sense arterial blood volume in the left atrium, carotid artery, and aortic arch. (onteenstoday.com)
- As a consequence arterial pressure diminishes and the heart does not have to work as hard to pump blood. (umc-cares.org)
- This arterial disease can occur anywhere along the vascular tree, but occurs more commonly at branch points, where blood vessels bifurcate. (encyclopedia.com)
- Arterial blood gases and tympanic temperature were controlled. (ispub.com)
- Figure 2: If blood flow is briefly stopped, the arterial blood pressure descends monoexponentially towards a value much higher than venous pressure (heavy interrupted line). (ispub.com)
- They have achieved a compensated state (for example, maintaining their blood pressure due to increased stroke volume and vasoconstriction). (emcrit.org)
- Vasoconstriction is the narrowing or even closing of the lumen of a vein, artery, or arteriole as a result of smooth muscle cell constriction in the blood vessel wall. (biologydictionary.net)
- Vasoconstriction is the regulation of blood vessel diameter in the arteries, arterioles, and veins. (biologydictionary.net)
- Vasoconstriction reduces the area volume inside blood vessel lumens. (biologydictionary.net)
- Vasoconstriction is a negative feedback loop reaction to hypotension or low blood pressure. (biologydictionary.net)
- Shock reactions caused by allergies, severe blood loss, major infections, heart disorders, hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), or thrombosis (blood clots) all stimulate vasoconstriction because these triggers are all life-threatening. (biologydictionary.net)
- We hypothesized that elevated serum phosphate would be independently associated with blood pressure (BP), as well as measurements of vasoconstriction and markers of ECD in hypertensive hemodialysis patients. (biomedcentral.com)
- Interpretation of Arterial Blood Gases (ABG) files/congres2015/Vlaamstaligen. (vdocuments.net)
Thrombosis1
- This is typically due to vasoconstriction, remodeling, and thrombosis of the small pulmonary arteries and arterioles. (medscape.com)
Patients5
- 16. Role of Urotensin-2 in 5-Fluorouracil-Related Arterial Vasoconstriction in Cancer Patients. (nih.gov)
- This observation suggests that coupling spironolactone with inhibition of endothelin type-A receptor-mediated pulmonary vasoconstriction may be a useful treatment strategy for patients with PAH. (nih.gov)
- Initially, patients may experience intermittent claudication which is an exercise-induced, crampy, heavy feeling in the muscles of the calf, and thigh, or disease in the arterial tree. (encyclopedia.com)
- Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome patients may present with a multitude of additional symptoms that are attributable to vascular vasoconstriction. (jcadonline.com)
- Background: Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome is characterized by thunderclap headache associated with multifocal vasoconstriction of cerebral arteries in patients without aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). (moam.info)
Inhibit1
- However, vasodilators may inhibit hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and impair gas exchange in this condition. (nih.gov)
Disorder1
- Atherosclerosis is a generalized disorder of the arterial tree, manifested by plaque formation along the inner surface of arteries. (encyclopedia.com)
Vascular tone2
- The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of copper on vascular tone of rat mesenteric artery and compare the effects of copper on noradrenaline (NA) and high K + induced vasoconstriction. (karger.com)
- Vasoconstriction affects vascular tone. (biologydictionary.net)
Oxygen content1
- Inadequate pulmonary ventilation due to upper airway obstruction can lead to a reduction of arterial oxygen content. (vin.com)
Stimulant1
- Can a stimulant cause vasoconstriction in the heart? (onteenstoday.com)
Infiltration1
- Local vasoconstriction and hemostasis occur following topical application or infiltration of phenylephrine into tissues. (nih.gov)
Artery1
Doses1
- Therapeutic doses of phenylephrine mainly cause vasoconstriction. (nih.gov)
Significantly1
- Hoof wall surface temperature significantly decreased during arterial occlusion and increased during reperfusion. (avma.org)
Cellular1
- The presence of hemorrhage and cellular necrosis may indicate vascular damage or vasoconstriction of small arterial vessels, or may represent myocytic toxicity. (nih.gov)
Increase1
- This results in vasoconstriction, and may contribute to the genesis of vascular structural changes and increase the number of fast twitch fibres. (springer.com)
Results1
- Stimulation results in vasoconstriction. (pulsenotes.com)
Heart1
- Pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary hypertension result in cor pulmonale and right sided heart failure. (vin.com)