Arid soils soil microbiology. Medical search. Frequent questions

2010. Interactive effects of three ecosystem engineers on infiltration in a semi-arid Mediterranean grassland. (deepdyve.com)
Using a novel method to detect microbial activity in biological soil crusts, or biocrusts, after they are wetted, a research team in a new study uncovered clues that will lead to a better understanding of the role microbes play in forming a living skin over many semi-arid ecosystems around the world. (sciencedaily.com)
In the semi-arid regions where biocrusts exist, the organisms -- tiny mosses, lichens, green algae, cyanobacteria, other bacteria and fungi -- may experience just a few rain or snow events a year, explained Ryan Trexler, a doctoral degree candidate in the Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in ecology and in biogeochemistry, who spearheaded the research. (sciencedaily.com)

But there is still sufficient water to support the growth of microorganisms that perform valuable ecosystem services such as taking carbon and nitrogen from the air and fixing them in the soil, recycling nutrients and holding soil particles together, which helps prevent dust. (sciencedaily.com)
To determine which microorganisms are active within soil communities, the researchers coupled bioorthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging -- known as BONCAT -- with fluorescence-activated cell sorting. (sciencedaily.com)
Mapping the niche space of soil microorganisms using taxonomy and traits. (byu.edu)
Earthworms and microorganisms play a range of beneficial roles in agricultural systems, including increased organic matter mineralization, nutrient cycling, and soil structure stabilization. (ac.be)
Conventional tillage (ploughing) is often reported to generate decreased soil organism abundance and diversity, primarily earthworms and microorganisms, as well as a uniform distribution of the nutrients P and N within the ploughed soil horizon. (ac.be)
Microorganisms give life to soil by serving as a critical transition point between biology and geology. (bpi-tech.com)
Our combined results suggest that secondary metabolite production is likely to play an important physiological component of survival for microorganisms inhabiting arid, nutrient-starved soils. (edu.au)

Journal of Arid Environments 159: 54-53. (mpic.de)
Arid shrublands are stressful environments, typified by alkaline soils low in organic matter, with biologically-limiting extremes in water availability, temperature, and UV radiation. (docksci.com)
Journal of Arid Environments. (byu.edu)
Microbial communities from arid environments on a global scale. (biomedcentral.com)
Arid environments are defined by the lack of water availability, which is directly related to the mean annual precipitation (MAP), and high values of solar irradiation, which impacts the community composition of animals, plants, and the microbial structure of the soil. (biomedcentral.com)
The results indicate that even though each sampled site was catalogued as arid, they show wide variability in altitude, mean annual temperature (MAT), soil pH and electric conductivity, within and between arid environments. (biomedcentral.com)
As arid environments display scarce vegetation, the presence and abundance of bacteria are essential for nutrient cycling and carbon storage [ 4 , 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, bacterial and fungal numbers were higher in exposed environments, possibly due to ongoing colonization of exposed soil by airborne propagules. (pensoft.net)
Arid mangroves are challenging environments that offer a unique opportunity to study how plants and animals have adapted to cope," says marine microbiologist Jenny Booth. (phys.org)
She is also the Director of the University of Arizona Center for Environmentally Sustainable Mining (CESM) that develops research and educational initiatives addressing environmental issues related to mining in arid and semiarid environments. (clu-in.org)

Fiddler crabs burrowing beneath arid mangrove forests help bring beneficial bacteria to an ecosystem in dire need of nutrients. (phys.org)
From another point of view, soil is the basis for the production of food, fibre, medicines, fuel and ecosystem resources or services. (egu.eu)
2020. Arid ecosystem vegetation canopy-gap dichotomy: Influence on soil microbial composition and nutrient cycling functional potential. (nih.gov)
Microbial activities at this interphase drives the dynamics of soil ecosystem and determines its health. (bpi-tech.com)

FEMS Microbiology Ecology 21:121-130. (deepdyve.com)
FEMS Microbiology Ecology , 95 (4), [fiz031]. (edu.au)

Based on the aridity index (the ratio between average annual precipitation and potential evapotranspiration) drylands are categorized in four biomes: dry subhumid, semiarid, arid, and hyperarid systems and they represent more than 40% of the global terrestrial area. (mdpi.com)

And they are actively making chlorophyll and fixing carbon and nitrogen until the soil is dry again -- and then the microbes go dormant again. (sciencedaily.com)
Soil bacterial and fungal community responses to nitrogen addition across soil depth and microhabitat in an arid shrubland. (docksci.com)
We examined soil bacterial and fungal community responses to simulated nitrogen (N) deposition in an arid Larrea tridentata-Ambrosia dumosa field experiment in southern Nevada, USA, using high-throughput sequencing of ribosomal RNA genes. (docksci.com)
Microbial nitrogen responses in arid also been found for bacterial communities in dryland ecosystems (Kuske et al. (docksci.com)
However, the interaction between soil water availability, carbon allocation and nitrogen fixation is important for a successful establishment of trees on marginal lands and has not yet been investigated for black locust. (afrjournal.org)
Our investigation shows that drought stress increases the nodule biomass of black locust in order to maintain biological nitrogen fixation and to counteract the lower soil nitrogen availability. (afrjournal.org)
The researchers took sediment cores at three depths and measured bacteria diversity and abundance, soil salinity, temperature, pH, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous and other important markers of microbial activity. (phys.org)
Soil microbiomes are characterized by their composition and networks, which are linked to soil nitrogen (N) availability. (frontiersin.org)
Part 1: Soil biological and chemical (phosphorus and nitrogen) properties. (ac.be)
and (iii) phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) element availability and distribution in the soil profile. (ac.be)
Multivariate analysis showed that soil fertility factors of carbon, nitrogen and moisture displayed significant negative relationships with natural product gene richness. (edu.au)

The widely-spaced plants and interspace biological soil crusts in these regions provide soil nutrients in a localized fashion, creating a mosaic pattern of plant- or crust-associated microhabitats with distinct nutrient composition. (docksci.com)
Given the distinct roles of soil bacteria and fungi in major nutrient cycles, the resilience of fungi and sensitivity of bacteria to N amendments suggests that increased N input predicted for many arid ecosystems could shift nutrient cycling toward pathways driven primarily by fungal communities. (docksci.com)
Plant growth in arid mangrove forests is limited by a lack of rainfall, poor nutrient availability and high soil salinity. (phys.org)
Despite the abundance of iron in the earth's crust and soil, this nutrient is not usually available for plants in calcareous soil with high pH. (ac.ir)
Association of biochar properties with changes in soil bacterial, fungal and fauna communities and nutrient cycling processes. (notulaebotanicae.ro)
Interacting soil organisms support biological processes that participate in soil functions, organic matter decomposition, and nutrient cycling. (ac.be)
Hence, comparisons of tillage effects on soil biological functioning and nutrient cycling remain unclear. (ac.be)
This review highlights the challenges in establishing definitive evidence regarding the effects of crop residue management on soil organisms and nutrient dynamics. (ac.be)
Roots secrete chemicals, based on the nutrient status of soils. (bpi-tech.com)

Nature Reviews Microbiology 10:551-62. (deepdyve.com)
Nature Reviews Microbiology. (mpic.de)

2019). Organic waste recycling and turn over in soil is very much a function of soil pores and the amount of gaseous exchange that takes place through these pores, determines the metabolic nature of decomposition, whether it is anaerobic or aerobic decomposition. (bpi-tech.com)

We show that arid soils display a higher abundance of Actinobacteria and lower abundance of Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Planctomycetes, compared with non-arid soil microbiomes, revealing that microbial structure seems to be strongly modulated by MAP and MAT and not by pH in arid soils. (biomedcentral.com)
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) description of soil communities has grown broadly, and initiatives like the Earth Microbiome Project [ 42 ] have arisen to increase our global-scale understanding of environmental microbiomes. (biomedcentral.com)
Organic N dominance exhibited stronger effects on the composition and co-occurrence networks of soil microbiomes than inorganic N dominance. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, a fundamental theme in microbial research is to understand how environmental selections shape the composition, structure, and function of soil microbiomes ( Tate, 2021 ). (frontiersin.org)
Additionally, human activities (e.g., fertilization and fossil combustion) could rapidly alter the relative dominance of soil inorganic and organic N. Taken together, there is a need to understand how the shift from soil inorganic N dominance to soil organic N dominance shapes the composition and co-occurrence networks of soil microbiomes under more realistic scenarios. (frontiersin.org)
We then introduced experimental manipulations (i.e., altering soil N dominance by adding different proportions of inorganic N and organic N) after a few months to address how the change in soil N dominance influences the composition and co-occurrence networks of soil microbiomes. (frontiersin.org)
Arid soil microbiomes within the Antarctic and Arctic circles are remarkably rich in Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, bacterial phyla known to be prolific producers of natural products. (edu.au)

We hypothesized that localized compositional differences in soil microbiota would constrain the impacts of N addition to a microhabitat distribution that would reflect highly localized geochemical conditions and microbial community composition. (docksci.com)
The richness and community composition of both bacterial and fungal communities differed significantly by microhabitat and with soil depth in each microhabitat. (docksci.com)
Community composition correlated with microhabitat and depth differences in soil geochemical features. (docksci.com)
Previous studies have documented patterns of bacterial or fungal composition in arid lands (e.g. (docksci.com)
2013. Snow alters the respiration sensitivity and composition of soil microbial communities. (byu.edu)
Using a combination of keywords, we identified a collection of 66 studies, including 327 sampled sites, reporting the arid soil bacterial community composition by 16S rDNA gene high-throughput sequencing. (biomedcentral.com)
however, little is known about how this shift influences soil microbiome composition and co-occurrence networks, as well as their controls. (frontiersin.org)
These findings suggest that the shift from soil inorganic N-dominance to soil organic N-dominance could strongly shape soil microbiome composition and co-occurrence networks by altering species diversity and topological properties. (frontiersin.org)
Cet article met l'accent sur l'effet de la gestion des résidus de récolte sur (i) la composition et la structure de la communauté lombricienne, (ii) les communautés microbiennes du sol, (iii) la disponibilité et la distribution spatiale des teneurs en phosphore (P) et en azote (N) dans le sol. (ac.be)

2017. Soils mediate the impact of fine woody debris on invasive and native grasses as whole trees are mcechanically shredded into firebreaks in pinon-juniper woodlands. (byu.edu)
McNeill MR, Phillips CB, Robinson AP, Aalders L, Richards N, Young S, Dowsett C, James T, Bell N (2017) Defining the biosecurity risk posed by transported soil: Effects of storage time and environmental exposure on survival of soil biota. (pensoft.net)

Marco Fusi et al, Bioturbation Intensity Modifies the Sediment Microbiome and Biochemistry and Supports Plant Growth in an Arid Mangrove System, Microbiology Spectrum (2022). (phys.org)
Indeed, soil inorganic N and soil organic N both take part in the above-mentioned mechanisms ( Kuzyakov and Xu, 2013 ), and they substantially shift along environmental gradients ( Yu and He, 2021 , 2022 ). (frontiersin.org)

2011. Validation of Heavy-Water Stable Isotope Probing for the Characterization of Rapidly Responding Soil Bacteria. (byu.edu)
Cultivation techniques, plant species, plant growth stadia, and soil influence the diversities of bacteria in agricultural land. (undip.ac.id)
Soil was collected from two sites, a native forest remnant and an orchard, and stored on, in and under sea containers, or in cupboards, and assayed after 0, 3, 6 and 12 months for bacteria, fungi, nematodes and seeds. (pensoft.net)
bacteria, nematodes and plants declined over 12 months, irrespective of soil source. (pensoft.net)
When fiddler crabs burrow into mangrove soils, they help to distribute nutrients and beneficial bacteria throughout the soil, as well as positively impacting soil salinity and pH. (phys.org)
Soil bacteria play a major role in processes that sustain plant growth, such as transforming dead vegetation into useful nutrients. (phys.org)
The rationale behind this research is that the continuous soil reworking by the 'animal engineers' creates an 'oxygenation halo' around the burrows, which makes the sediment more hospitable to bacteria that, in turn, help the plant with nutrients," says principal investigator Daniele Daffonchio. (phys.org)
Accordingly, it was determined that the number of bacteria and enzyme activities (dehydrogenase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, β-glycosidase) of the soil reached with the biochar applications alone. (notulaebotanicae.ro)

Future research should contribute to the identification of risks (water and wind erosion, floods, organic matter decline, soil compaction and chemical degradation) and restoration (reclamation and restoration of degraded soils and fire-affected areas). (egu.eu)
In the cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants may be possible to improve the biological properties of the soil and to grow plants with properties close to those in the natural environment by using the valuable organic matter resources obtained by special methods such as biochar in an economical. (notulaebotanicae.ro)
Effect of biochar and compost on soil properties and organic matter in aggregate size fractions under field conditions. (notulaebotanicae.ro)
Thus, this three way network of soil microbes, plant root systems and soil organisms such as earthworms and termites play a crucial role in maintaining soil structure and its suitability as a growth medium for plants and for organic matter turn over. (bpi-tech.com)

2008. A technology for rapid reconstruction of moss-dominated soil crusts. (deepdyve.com)
Biological soil crusts are assemblages of organisms that form a perennial, well-organized surface layer in soils. (sciencedaily.com)

2011. Demographic processes limiting seedling recruitment in arid grassland restoration. (deepdyve.com)

We observed that environmental and physicochemical features were scarcely described among studies, hence, we propose a reporting guideline for further analysis, which will allow deepening the knowledge of the relationship between the microbiome and abiotic factors in arid soil. (biomedcentral.com)
Comparisons between studies suggest that biosecurity risks from transported soil will vary depending on a range of biotic and abiotic factors including the taxa and life stages present, duration of transport, and exposure to environmental extremes during transport. (pensoft.net)
Based on this idea, we set up a study system with the same plant communities and soil biotic and abiotic properties at the beginning of our research (see the Materials and Methods for more details). (frontiersin.org)

Biocrusts currently cover approximately 12% of Earth's terrestrial surface, and we expect them to decrease by about 25% to 40% within 65 years due to climate change and land-use intensification," said team leader Estelle Couradeau, Penn State assistant professor of soils and environmental microbiology. (sciencedaily.com)
Using high throughput sequencing, we examined fungal and bacterial community response to N addition within two microhabitats: the plant root zone and interspaces soils covered by biocrusts. (docksci.com)

With sporadic and limited rainfall, nutrients are primarily retained in the shallow surface soil, patterning biological activity. (docksci.com)
About a third of the world soil surface is moderately or severely affected by physical (erosion, compaction) and chemical degradation processes (salinity, acidification, loss of nutrients or pollution). (egu.eu)
It is estimated that a quarter of all animal species on Earth live in soil and provide the nutrients for all sources of food. (bpi-tech.com)
1998). These aggregates form create networks of particles and cavities that are periodically connected during wetting events, which in turn create a variable flow of water and nutrients that can be accessed by soil organisms (Wilpiszeski et al. (bpi-tech.com)

We conducted a an experiment to test the hypotheses that biosecurity risks from soil organisms will increase both with declining transport duration and with increasing protection from environmental extremes. (pensoft.net)
The results were consistent with our observations of organisms in soil intercepted from airports and sea ports, and indicated there is potential to rank risks from transported soils based partly on transport duration and environmental exposure. (pensoft.net)
recorded a lower diversity of organisms from soil on cargo arriving by sea and air than from soil in luggage, and a recent study (McNeill et al. (pensoft.net)
Marshall and Varney (2000) suggested that soil organisms transported on the external surfaces of sea containers might suffer high mortality rates due to exposure to solar radiation and sea water. (pensoft.net)
Soil is the physical and nutritional support for living organisms in emerged areas. (egu.eu)

Considering that it is crucial to understand how microbial processes develop and change in arid soils, our analysis emphasizes the need to increase collaborations between research groups worldwide. (biomedcentral.com)
The studies examined reported variability in soil and climate, and the complexity of soil processes contributed to the absence of clear findings. (ac.be)
USDA's Natural Resources Conservation Service estimates that natural processes takes about 500 years to form one inch of top soil and less than a century to degrade due to improper management. (bpi-tech.com)

Using biochar and vermiwash to improve biological activities of soil. (notulaebotanicae.ro)

When the soil is dry, for the most part, the microbes in the soil are dormant, not doing much," he said. (sciencedaily.com)
Biocrust samples were taken in fall following rain that wetted the soil sufficiently to activate the microbes. (sciencedaily.com)

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. (hutton.ac.uk)
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 177(1):16-25. (notulaebotanicae.ro)

However, the clear risk to achieve objectives on biodiversity and climate change led the EU to establish a Soil Thematic Strategy (2006) on soil protection ( the proposal for a Soil Framework Directive was withdrawn in May 2014). (egu.eu)

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B: Soil and Plant Science. (hutton.ac.uk)
Plant and Soil 429: 127-146. (mpic.de)
2013), with significant differences in communities between plant and crust-associated soils (Steven et al. (docksci.com)
A team led by Booth and Fusi investigated whether soil disturbance, or "bioturbation," by fiddler crabs affects the microbiome, and therefore plant growth , in an arid mangrove system on the Red Sea. (phys.org)
The predominant control was plant traits for bacterial and fungal richness, and soil pH for keystone species. (frontiersin.org)
The other two important players in influencing soil structure are plant root systems and soil animals. (bpi-tech.com)
Plant root systems play a key role in holding soil structure. (bpi-tech.com)

Diversity among Rhizobia effective with Robinia pseudoacacia L. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 58(7): 2137-2143. (afrjournal.org)

This is particularly prevalent in the context of climate change, the role played by soil as a resource for carbon sequestration, and mitigation of global warming should be attended. (egu.eu)
Soils also store as much carbon as all plants above ground and are therefore critical in tackling climate change. (bpi-tech.com)

Although agriculture and forests occupy 78% of the surface of the EU, currently there is not any clearly established soil policy in the EU, and only some member states have approved legislation. (egu.eu)
Though there are EU guidelines and policies on agriculture, water resources and pollution, lack of European legislation on soil does not ensure an adequate level of protection in Europe. (egu.eu)
En agriculture, les vers de terre et les micro-organismes fournissent un éventail de rôles bénéfiques, notamment la minéralisation accrue de la matière organique et la stabilisation de la structure du sol. (ac.be)

Intending to identify and describe the state-of-the-art of bacterial communities in arid soils at a global scale, and to address the effect that some environmental features may have on them, we performed a systematic review based on the PRISMA guideline. (biomedcentral.com)
Data is accumulating rapidly, but a systematic collection of articles studying bacterial communities reported from arid soils has not been performed. (biomedcentral.com)

Soil Biology & Biochemistry. (byu.edu)

That soil-stabilizing function -- which reduces erosion by providing the means for soil to clump and not break down into dust -- is extremely important, according to Couradeau. (sciencedaily.com)

So, it's not as hot as many other arid places, but still plants cannot thrive there because there's not enough water. (sciencedaily.com)
Our findings suggest that maintaining conditions that favor fiddler crabs could help arid mangroves thrive under changes imposed by global warming," adds Booth. (phys.org)

Julia Neilson, Ph.D., is an Associate Research Professor of environmental microbiology in the Department of Environmental Science at the University of Arizona. (clu-in.org)

It is, therefore, an interesting species for marginal lands where soil amelioration is sought in addition to economic gain. (afrjournal.org)

York, A. (2018): Soil surface communities bite the dust. (mpic.de)

Soil is often considered as the skin of the Earth and is located at the interface between the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. (egu.eu)

A root can exert a force of up to 9 bars on soils resulting in a zone of compaction around the root in which the minerals are reoriented with their basal surface tangential to the root surface (Loutit and Miles, 1978). (bpi-tech.com)

The development of specific soil policies for prevention and remediation is considered essential for sustainable development plans. (egu.eu)

2010. Shift in seasonal precipitation reduces soil organic storage in a cold desert. (byu.edu)

however, the revegetation of mine waste sites in arid regions of the world has unique environmental challenges due to low water availability and sensitive ecologies. (clu-in.org)

Altered snowfall and soil disturbance influence the early life stage transitions and recruitment of a native and invasive grass in cold deserts. (byu.edu)

Soil residue incorporation of mineral particles can maintain P and N levels, however returning soil also increases aeration and the activation of microbial activity. (ac.be)

The research was published in Microbiology Spectrum . (phys.org)

Anatomy1

Organisms15

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20191

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20172

20222

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20181

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