Area visual cortex. Medical search. Frequent questions

Spontaneous and visually evoked action potentials were recorded from single neurons in cytoarchitectonic area 17 (striate cortex, area V1) of anaesthetized and immobilized cats, prior to, during and after brief reversible inactivation of the ipsilateral postero-temporal visual (PTV) cortex (presumed homologue of primate inferotemporal cortex). (monash.edu)
Wiesel, T. N. & Hubel, D. H. Single-cell responses in striate cortex of kittens deprived of vision in one eye. (nature.com)
The area of the visual cortex that receives the sensory input from the lateral geniculate nucleus is the primary visual cortex, also known as visual area 1 (V1), Brodmann area 17, or the striate cortex. (wikipedia.org)
clarification needed] The primary visual cortex, which is defined by its function or stage in the visual system, is approximately equivalent to the striate cortex, also known as Brodmann area 17, which is defined by its anatomical location. (wikipedia.org)
The name "striate cortex" is derived from the line of Gennari, a distinctive stripe visible to the naked eye that represents myelinated axons from the lateral geniculate body terminating in layer 4 of the gray matter. (wikipedia.org)
Representation of the visual field in the occipital striate cortex. (bmj.com)
The representation of the field of vision in the human striate cortex is based on the Holmes map in which about 25% of the surface area of the striate cortex is allocated to the central 15 degrees of vision. (bmj.com)
Historically, most attempts to model cortical visual responses do not consider the contribution of direct subcortical inputs that may bypass striate cortex, such as input to V5/MT+. (ox.ac.uk)

Using subcellular channelrhodopsin-2-assisted circuit mapping in mouse visual cortex, we compared feedforward (FF) or feedback (FB) cortico-cortical (CC) synaptic input to cells projecting back to the input source (looped neurons) with cells projecting to a different cortical or subcortical area. (elifesciences.org)

Cerebral Cortex , 10 (6), 593-601. (elsevierpure.com)
The visual cortex of the brain is the area of the cerebral cortex that processes visual information. (wikipedia.org)
The visual cortex receives its blood supply primarily from the calcarine branch of the posterior cerebral artery. (wikipedia.org)
Other studies, however, provide strong support for the idea that skilled actions such as grasping are not affected by pictorial illusions and suggest that the action/perception dissociation is a useful way to characterize the functional division of labor between the dorsal and ventral visual pathways in the cerebral cortex. (wikipedia.org)
The cerebrum contains grey matter and billions of unmyelinated neurons (brain cells) called the cerebral cortex. (medicinenet.com)
The cerebral cortex that is present superficially to the cerebrum is arranged in a folded manner and is only 2-4 millimeters thick. (medicinenet.com)
The folds on the cerebral cortex are called gyri, which are divided by grooves. (medicinenet.com)
The cerebral cortex folds are the reason for the distinctive look of the brain. (medicinenet.com)
We also wanted to explore as much of the brain's anatomy as possible, from the major structures of the cerebral cortex - the outer layer of the brain responsible for higher processes - such as the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes (see diagram), to deeper-lying structures. (newscientist.com)
Also known as "V1," this brain region is the very first place where information from the retina arrives in the cerebral cortex. (neurosciencenews.com)
An important feature of the cerebral cortex is its layered organization, which is modulated in an area-specific manner. (cipsm.de)
In the cerebral cortex, the primary and secondary visual cortices respond to binocular disparity and depth. (medscape.com)

Visual information is mediated by two major thalamic pathways that signal light decrements (OFF) and increments (ON) in visual scenes, the OFF pathway being faster than the ON. (zotero.org)
Sherman, S. M. & Spear, P. D. Organization of visual pathways in normal and visually deprived cats. (nature.com)
We have shown that the signal change driven by these non-striate pathways can be measured, and suggest that models of the intact visual system may benefit from considering their contribution. (ox.ac.uk)
The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in the central visual pathways during the early and advanced stages of bilateral normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). (mdpi.com)
Olfactory pathways bypass the thalamus and go directly to specialized areas of the cortex. (msdmanuals.com)
ZEKI, S. Segregation of pathways leading from area V2 to areas V4 and V5 of macaque monkey visual cortex. (bvsalud.org)

OFF-dominated cortical neurons in cats responded ∼3 ms faster to visual stimuli than ON-dominated cortical neurons, and dark-mediated suppression in ON-dominated neurons peaked ∼14 ms faster than light-mediated suppression in OFF-dominated neurons. (zotero.org)
To test this idea, we studied single neurons in macaque monkey intermediate visual (area V4) and somatosensory (area SII) cortex, using matched shape stimuli. (zotero.org)
Inactivation of PTV cortex resulted: 1) in significant changes in the response magnitude (mostly a reduction) to optimal and/or sub-optimal visual stimuli in over 55 of area 17 cells and 2) significant changes (usually a reduction) in the spontaneous (background) activity of about two-thirds of the cells in which inactivation of PTV cortex significantly affected the magnitude of responses to optimal stimuli. (monash.edu)
We trained mice to perform a context-dependent cross-modal decision task where the interpretation of identical audio-visual stimuli depends on task context. (biorxiv.org)
We performed silicon probe population recordings of neuronal activity in V1 during task performance and showed that task context (whether the animal should base its decision on visual or auditory stimuli) can be decoded during both intertrial intervals and stimulus presentations. (biorxiv.org)
Context and visual stimuli were represented in overlapping populations but were orthogonal in the population activity space. (biorxiv.org)
Thus, activity patterns in V1 independently represent visual stimuli and cognitive variables relevant to task execution. (biorxiv.org)
Neurons in the visual cortex fire action potentials when visual stimuli appear within their receptive field. (wikipedia.org)
Now, a new study by researchers at the Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, has revealed how visual stimuli that include TV screens and video games can impact a type of brain waves called gamma waves in primates. (deccanherald.com)
While both types of gamma waves were found when the visual stimulus was big and small, the researchers saw that low-frequency gamma waves were weak with smaller objects, and their presence was felt strongly when the diameter of the stimuli was increased. (deccanherald.com)
At the neural level, the lateral and medial prefrontal cortices showed increased activations for incongruent relative to congruent stimuli consistent with their role in response selection. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Effective connectivity analyses showed that this amplification of visual landmark-selectivity was mediated by increased negative coupling of the parahippocampal gyrus with the superior temporal sulcus for congruent stimuli. (birmingham.ac.uk)
For example, although the occipital lobe is essential to visual processing, parts of the parietal, temporal, and frontal lobes on both sides also process complex visual stimuli. (msdmanuals.com)
The primary sensory areas receive somesthetic, auditory, visual, and gustatory stimuli from the thalamus, which receives stimuli from specialized sensory organs and peripheral receptors. (msdmanuals.com)
Sensory stimuli are further processed in association areas that relate to one or more senses. (msdmanuals.com)

In visual cortex, stimulation outside the classical receptive field can decrease neural activity and also decrease functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) signal amplitudes. (zotero.org)
Irrespective of the significance of changes in the magnitude of responses, in a substantial proportion of area 17 cells, inactivation of PTV cortex resulted in changes in some receptive field characteristics. (monash.edu)
Thus, the feedback signals originating from PTV cortex, like signals originating from some other higher-order visual cortical areas exert a clear modulatory influence on the responsiveness, background activity and some receptive field properties of neurons in the ipsilateral area 17. (monash.edu)
In the primary visual cortex (V1), orientation-selective neurons can be categorized into simple and complex cells primarily based on their receptive field (RF) structures. (jneurosci.org)
Such behavioral specificity is often interpreted as implicating the early visual cortex as the site of learned-induced neural plasticity, because of the receptive field properties in these areas. (jneurosci.org)
By definition, the receptive field is the region within the entire visual field that elicits an action potential. (wikipedia.org)
For example, in the inferior temporal cortex (IT), a neuron may fire only when a certain face appears in its receptive field. (wikipedia.org)
2009). Visual field maps, population receptive field sizes, and visual field coverage in the human MT+ complex. (scirp.org)
At the smallest scale, the receptive field is a property of individual neurons and summarizes the region of the visual field where visual stimulation elicits a response. (visionsciences.org)
We will describe data-analysis techniques to reconstruct receptive field properties of neural populations, and extend them to visual field maps and clusters within human and macaque visual cortex. (visionsciences.org)
We describe the way these receptive field properties vary within and across different visual field maps. (visionsciences.org)
Next, we extend conventional stimulus-referred notions of the receptive field to neural-referred properties, i.e. cortico-cortical receptive fields that capture the information flow between visual field maps. (visionsciences.org)
We describe a method that reconstructs population receptive field (pRF) properties in human visual cortex using fMRI. (visionsciences.org)

This training-specific enhancement of orientation-selective responses was observed in the primary visual cortex (V1) as well as higher extrastriate visual areas V2-V4, and moreover, reliably predicted individual differences in the behavioral effects of perceptual learning. (jneurosci.org)

The dorsal stream begins with V1, goes through Visual area V2, then to the dorsomedial area (DM/V6) and medial temporal area (MT/V5) and to the posterior parietal cortex. (wikipedia.org)
In mammals, it is located in the posterior pole of the occipital lobe and is the simplest, earliest cortical visual area. (wikipedia.org)
Other fMRI studies have implicated early VFMs in posterior occipital cortex, suggesting that visual areas V1-hV4 are recruited to represent information in VWM. (scirp.org)
1991). Organization of visual inputs to the inferior temporal and posterior parietal cortex in macaques. (scirp.org)
In this paper a cortical area is described that covers approximately the posterior two-thirds of the ventral bank of the anterior ectosylvian sulcus of the cat and is called anterior ectosylvian visual area (AEV). (nih.gov)
Recent investigations of the rat posterior parietal cortex (PPC) suggest that this region plays a central role in action control together with the frontal cortical areas. (frontiersin.org)
The medial subdivision (medial posterior parietal cortex, mPPC) has a dense reciprocal connection with the most caudal portion of M2 (cM2), whereas the lateral subdivision (lateral posterior parietal cortex, lPPC) and the caudolateral subdivision (PtP) are reciprocally connected with the intermediate rostrocaudal portion of M2 (iM2). (frontiersin.org)
The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is a multimodal association area, proposed to play a role in a variety of higher cognitive functions. (frontiersin.org)
The primary motor cortex is the most posterior part of the precentral gyrus. (msdmanuals.com)

In particular, the invariance of complex cell responses in primary visual cortex against small translations is commonly interpreted as a signature of an invariant coding strategy possibly originating from an unsupervised learning principle. (zotero.org)
Primary visual cortex (V1) neurons integrate motor and multisensory information with visual inputs during sensory processing. (biorxiv.org)
However, sensory information processing is nonlinear, even in primary sensory areas, and optimizing sensory input is difficult due to the high-dimensional input space. (biorxiv.org)
In the primary visual cortex of higher mammals, orientation preferences are represented continuously except for singular points, so-called pinwheel centers. (elsevierpure.com)
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Simple and complex cells, two classes of principal neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1), are generally thought to be equally selective for orientation. (jneurosci.org)
The primary visual cortex (V1) is located in and around the calcarine fissure in the occipital lobe. (wikipedia.org)
The primary visual cortex is the most studied visual area in the brain. (wikipedia.org)
The primary visual cortex is divided into six functionally distinct layers, labeled 1 to 6. (wikipedia.org)
The average number of neurons in the adult human primary visual cortex in each hemisphere has been estimated at 140 million. (wikipedia.org)
The basic laminar organization of excitatory local circuitry in the primary visual cortex of the macaque monkey is similar to that described previously in the cat's visual cortex (Gilbert 1983). (nih.gov)
Electroencephalogram (EEG) studies using the Contralateral Delay Activity (CDA) paradigm have revealed that cortical representations of VWM are at a minimum loosely organized like the primary visual system, such that the left side of space is represented in the right hemisphere, and vice versa. (scirp.org)
This paper presents a model of the mammalian primary visual cortex. (paulbourke.net)
The core proposition is the existence of two, topographically identical mappings of the visual field to the primary visual cortex, which define the geometrical organisation of orientation preference and drive the formation of patchy connectivity in the supragranular layers. (paulbourke.net)
The LGS model of the primary visual cortex suggests there is a direct relationship between globally represented objects (e.g. an oriented line) and various other response properties (e.g. orientation preference) which have a local geometry. (paulbourke.net)
Swindale (1996) has described a set of canonical properties which a model of the geometry of the primary visual cortex should take into account. (paulbourke.net)
Layer 4C of the macaque primary visual cortex has a strict retinotopic organisation (Blasdel and Fitzpatrick, 1984) . (paulbourke.net)
Recent studies in humans and monkeys have reported that acoustic stimulation influences visual responses in the primary visual cortex (V1). (bvsalud.org)
Motion area V5/MT+ shows a variety of characteristic visual responses, often linked to perception, which are heavily influenced by its rich connectivity with the primary visual cortex (V1). (ox.ac.uk)
The parietal lobe is a primary sensory area that interprets higher functions. (medicinenet.com)
Brodmann area 17, V1, or primary visual cortex interprets and transfers information received from the retina, such as shape, motion, location, and color of objects in the visual field. (medicinenet.com)
The shell encapsulates and is extensively connected with the central nucleus of the IC, which forms part of the tonotopically organized core or lemniscal auditory pathway to the primary auditory cortex. (elifesciences.org)
In the context of learning and memory, the primary visual cortex is the Rodney Dangerfield of cortical areas: It gets no respect. (neurosciencenews.com)
The primary visual cortex responded as if B were there," Bear says. (neurosciencenews.com)
When a stroke occurs in the primary visual cortex, the neurons responsible for processing vision can be damaged. (sciencedaily.com)
The study involved 15 patients treated at Strong Memorial and Rochester General hospitals for a stroke that affected the primary visual processing area of the brain. (sciencedaily.com)
The team found that the survival of the retinal ganglion cells depended upon whether or not the primary visual area of the brain to which they are connected remained active. (sciencedaily.com)
And while the stroke may have disrupted the transmission of information from the visual center of the brain to higher order areas, these findings suggest that when the primary visual processing center of the brain remains intact and active, clinical approaches that harness the brain's plasticity could lead to vision recovery. (sciencedaily.com)
While his primary area of focus is in the life sciences, his past experiences and background span a wide variety of fields, ranging from clinical research to consumer electronics, user experience research, and more. (exponent.com)
Twenty minutes of 1 mA anodal tDCS were applied over the primary motor cortex (M1) contralateral to the dominant (right) hand, during the first half of a 40 min power-grip task. (surrey.ac.uk)
Data and statistical analysis of the study revealed that two types of gamma waves were generated in the primary visual cortex - part of the brain that receives visual input from the retina - in both monkeys and humans. (deccanherald.com)
This study is the first to show that gamma waves are also found in the primary visual cortex area. (deccanherald.com)
Each unimodal association area is adjacent to its corresponding primary sensory area and processes information from that area at a higher level than the primary sensory area. (msdmanuals.com)

The ventral stream begins with V1, goes through visual area V2, then through visual area V4, and to the inferior temporal cortex (IT cortex). (wikipedia.org)
More recently, Goodale and Milner extended these ideas and suggested that the ventral stream is critical for visual perception whereas the dorsal stream mediates the visual control of skilled actions. (wikipedia.org)
Selective responses to faces, scenes, and bodies in the ventral visual pathway of infants. (mit.edu)
PPC and orbitofrontal cortices are also connected, showing a gradient such that mPPC entertains reciprocal connections mainly with the ventral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), whereas lPPC and PtP are preferentially connected with medial and central portions of ventrolateral OFC, respectively. (frontiersin.org)
Herpers J, Vanduffel W , Vogels R . Few Pairings of Electrical Micro-stimulation of the Ventral Tegmental Area and a Visual Stimulus Enhance Visual Cortical Responses. (neurotree.org)
Herpers J, Arsenault JT, Vanduffel W , Vogels R . Stimulation of the ventral tegmental area induces visual cortical plasticity at the neuronal level. (neurotree.org)
Murris SR, Arsenault JT, Raman R , Vogels R , Vanduffel W . Electrical stimulation of the macaque ventral tegmental area drives category-selective learning without attention. (neurotree.org)
Murris SR, Arsenault JT, Vanduffel W . Frequency- and State-Dependent Network Effects of Electrical Stimulation Targeting the Ventral Tegmental Area in Macaques. (neurotree.org)
This fMRI study investigated the influence of prior task-irrelevant auditory information on visually-evoked category-selective activations in the ventral occipito-temporal cortex. (birmingham.ac.uk)
In the ventral occipito-temporal cortex auditory and visual category information are combined additively to sharpen visual category-selective responses. (birmingham.ac.uk)

A neural population selective for song in human auditory cortex. (mit.edu)
Divergence in the Functional Organization of Human and Macaque Auditory Cortex Revealed by fMRI Responses to Harmonic Tones. (mit.edu)
The auditory cortex is considered crucial for the integration of acoustic and contextual information and is thought to share the resulting representations with subcortical auditory structures via its vast descending projections. (elifesciences.org)
This illustrates that subcortical auditory structures have access to a wealth of non-acoustic information and can, independently of the auditory cortex, carry much richer neural representations than previously thought. (elifesciences.org)
This work suggests that behavior outcome information in the inferior colliculus persists in absence of top-down feedback from the auditory cortex. (elifesciences.org)

Fine-grained stimulus representations in body selective areas of human occipito-temporal cortex. (uni-trier.de)

Using fMRI in conjunction with a novel signal detection-based analysis, we show that extensive practice selectively enhances the neural representation of trained orientations in the human visual cortex. (jneurosci.org)
In the present study, we used fMRI to determine whether orientation-selective responses in early human visual areas might be enhanced by extensive training on an orientation discrimination task. (jneurosci.org)
Recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) work shows that the number of objects is maintained by representations in the inferior intraparietal sulcus (IPS) along dorsal parietal cortex, whereas the resolution of these maintained objects is subserved by the superior IPS and the lateral occipital complex (LOC). (scirp.org)
Here we identified neural representations about how tools are typically manipulated within left anterior temporal cortex, by shifting a searchlight classifier through whole-brain real action fMRI data when participants grasped 3D-printed tools in ways considered typical for use (i.e., by their handle). (nature.com)
Population receptive fields in nonhuman primates from whole-brain fMRI and large-scale neurophysiology in visual cortex. (neurotree.org)

Their input is dependent on the extrastriate cortical areas they target. (nih.gov)
Such influences can be generated in V1, either by direct auditory projections or by feedback projections from extrastriate cortices . (bvsalud.org)
We tested whether stimulus-reward pairing is sufficient to increase the sensorial representation of a stimulus by recording local field potentials (LFPs) in macaque extrastriate area V4 with chronically implanted electrodes. (mit.edu)

Visual working memory capacity in retinotopic cortex: Number, resolution, and population receptive fields. (scirp.org)
Although these studies suggested some topographical organization within the projection from LS to AEV, the large receptive fields in AEV, the great majority of which included the central area, did not reveal a clear retinotopic order. (nih.gov)
The function of the LGS mapping is to provide each point in the retinotopic image with a representation of the entire visual hemi-field. (paulbourke.net)
Each retinotopic point is able to learn a `snapshot' of points in the visual image whose activity tends to coincide with that retinotopic point. (paulbourke.net)
Correspondences between retinotopic areas and myelin maps in human visual cortex. (uni-trier.de)

However, in the mammalian auditory system many aspects of this hierarchical organization remain undiscovered, including the prominent classes of high-level representations (that would be analogous to face selectivity in the visual system or selectivity to bird's own song in the bird) and the dominant types of invariant transformations. (zotero.org)
Interestingly, the differential synaptic tuning correlated well with the spatial organization of synaptic input: the inhibitory visual RF in complex cells was more elongated in shape than its excitatory counterpart and also was more elongated than that in simple cells. (jneurosci.org)
Visual field map organization in human visual cortex. (scirp.org)
The organization of the visual system can be described at different spatial scales. (visionsciences.org)
Visual field maps are organized in clusters that share a similar eccentricity organization. (visionsciences.org)
This symposium will highlight current concepts of the organization of visual cortex and their relation to perception and plasticity. (visionsciences.org)
The link between visual cortex' organization, perception and plasticity is a fundamental part of vision science. (visionsciences.org)
The unique role of parietal cortex in action observation: Functional organization for communicative and manipulative actions. (uni-trier.de)

This human motion area also receives a number of inputs from other visual regions, including direct subcortical connections and callosal connections with the contralateral hemisphere. (ox.ac.uk)
This shift to a response-pattern more typical of early visual cortex suggests that in the absence of V1, V5/MT+ activity may be shaped by similar direct subcortical input. (ox.ac.uk)
The telencephalon consists of the cortex, the subcortical fibers, and the basal nuclei. (medscape.com)

Sensory input originating from the eyes travels through the lateral geniculate nucleus in the thalamus and then reaches the visual cortex. (wikipedia.org)
Classically, perception is considered to rely on the flow of information from the sensory periphery via a sequence of hierarchically-organized brain structures up to the cortex. (elifesciences.org)
Plasticity studies in the visual cortex provide new insight into how neurons learn from experience to make intelligent guesses based on limited sensory information. (neurosciencenews.com)
I'm not sure what your question about ordering in sensory areas is about. (lesswrong.com)
Before eye-opening, the visual cortex is largely devoid of sensory inputs and neuronal activities are generated intrinsically. (cipsm.de)
Heteromodal association areas are not restricted to any single motor or sensory function but receive convergent information from multiple sensory and motor areas of the brain. (msdmanuals.com)
Heteromodal association areas in the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes integrate sensory data, motor feedback, and other information with instinctual and acquired memories. (msdmanuals.com)

Our goal is to understand the development and function of the visual cortex through computational modeling. (utexas.edu)
Eye-opening represents a turning point in the function of the visual cortex. (cipsm.de)

Our results suggest that the cortical OFF pathway is faster than the ON pathway at increasing and suppressing visual responses, and these differences have parallels in the human visual perception of lights and darks. (zotero.org)
In over 85 of the significantly affected area 17 cells, rewarming PTV cortex to normal temperature (36 degrees C) resulted in the recovery of both the magnitude of responses and the background activity to levels not significantly different from pre-inactivation levels. (monash.edu)
Orientation selectivity (OS) of neuronal responses is considered to be fundamental for visual perception of contours. (jneurosci.org)
We measured the strength of orientation-selective responses in individual voxels in early visual areas (V1-V4) using signal detection measures, both before and after training. (jneurosci.org)
In cats anesthetized with a combination of N2O and barbiturate we explored this area by recording extracellularly the responses of AEV neurons to visual and electric stimulation as well as by injecting HRP into physiologically verified points. (nih.gov)
Visuo-auditory interactions were evaluated according to differences between responses evoked by combined auditory and visual stimulation , and the sum of responses evoked by separate visual and auditory stimulations. (bvsalud.org)
Multiple time courses of somatosensory responses in human cortex. (uni-trier.de)

These areas overlap with recently-discovered, retinotopically-organized visual field maps (VFMs) spanning the IPS (IPS-0/1/2/3/4/5), and potentially maps in lateral occipital cortex, such as LO-1/2, and/or TO-1/2 (hMT+). (scirp.org)

Author SummaryA key question in visual neuroscience is how neural representations achieve invariance against appearance changes of objects. (zotero.org)

Motion area V5/MT+ response to global motion in the absence of V1 resembles early visual cortex. (ox.ac.uk)

Observing Others Speak or Sing Activates Spt and Neighboring Parietal Cortex. (uni-trier.de)

Is the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Actually Several Different Brain Areas? (exponent.com)

Using chronic two-photon Ca 2+ imaging of thalamic afferents in layer 1 of binocular visual cortex, we provide evidence against this tenet: the respective dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) cells showed pronounced ocular dominance (OD) shifts after monocular deprivation in adult mice. (nature.com)
The dorsal stream, sometimes called the "Where Pathway" or "How Pathway", is associated with motion, representation of object locations, and control of the eyes and arms, especially when visual information is used to guide saccades or reaching. (wikipedia.org)
Many cells in the dorsal part of the medial superior temporal (MST) area of visual cortex respond selectively to spiral flow patterns-specific combinations of expansion/ contraction and ro(cid:173) tation motions. (neurips.cc)
Li X, Zhu Q, Vanduffel W . Myelin densities in retinotopically defined dorsal visual areas of the macaque. (neurotree.org)

When acoustic stimulation preceded visual stimulation , significant visuo-auditory interactions were detected only in V1. (bvsalud.org)

These parallel tuning patterns imply analogous shape coding mechanisms in intermediate visual and somatosensory cortex. (zotero.org)

Here, we demonstrate that this OFF temporal advantage is transferred to visual cortex and has a correlate in human perception. (zotero.org)
This helps in a variety of visual perception skills, such as visual and sequential memory, being able to differentiate between one object and another, and visual-spatial relations. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Scientists think that gamma waves aid in visual perception, feelings and repeating words. (deccanherald.com)
This translation of the abstract into physical attributes of vision (length, position, size, shape, and color , to name a few) can only succeed if we understand a bit about visual perception and cognition . (interaction-design.org)

Furthermore, we will consider how these neural properties change with the state of chronic visual deprivation due to damage to the visual system, and in subjects with severely altered visual input due to prism-adaptation. (visionsciences.org)
Visual gravity cues in the interpretation of biological movements: neural correlates in humans. (uni-trier.de)
The most "mind-blowing" results of the study, Bear says, came from experiments testing the neural response when the second visual stimulus, "B," was replaced with a gray screen following the first stimulus, "A. (neurosciencenews.com)

Our data suggest that OD shifts observed in the binocular visual cortex of adult mice may at least partially reflect plasticity of eye-specific inputs onto dLGN neurons. (nature.com)
Anatomic and electrophysiologic connectivity studies showed that AEV receives its main afferent inputs from the lateral suprasylvian visual area (LS) and from the tecto-pulvinar complex. (nih.gov)
It is concluded that AEV is a specific visual area and that functionally the extrageniculate inputs predominate. (nih.gov)
Since the local mapping of the supragranular layers produces a simultaneous expansion and contraction of the current visual inputs, it accounts for both the local response properties for orientation preference and their global geometric organisation. (paulbourke.net)

Unlike previous studies that have shown a single gamma rhythm in the primate visual cortex, we found that large visual gratings induce two distinct gamma oscillations in both monkey and human electroencephalogram,' say the researchers. (deccanherald.com)

All PPC subdivisions are strongly connected with the secondary motor cortex (M2) in a topographically organized manner. (frontiersin.org)
tDCS over motor cortex (M1), for instance, facilitates motor learning in stroke patients. (surrey.ac.uk)
In the present study we examined whether tDCS over the contralateral motor cortex enhances learning of grip-force output in a visually guided feedback task in young and neurologically healthy volunteers. (surrey.ac.uk)
Thus, damage to the motor cortex of one hemisphere causes weakness or paralysis mainly on the contralateral side of the body. (msdmanuals.com)

This finding suggests that these eye cells remain connected to unscathed neurons in the visual cortex and that visual information was making its way from the eyes to the visual cortex, even though this information was not being interpreted by the brain in a manner that allowed sight. (sciencedaily.com)

Wiesel, T. N. & Hubel, D. H. Effects of visual deprivation on morphology and physiology of cells in the cats lateral geniculate body. (nature.com)

Adaptation-induced changes in the temporal-frequency tuning and direction selectivity of cat visual cortical cells were studied. (cambridge.org)
2011). Temporal dynamics of encoding, storage, and reallocation of visual working memory. (scirp.org)
These results substantiate theories of semantic cognition that claim the anterior temporal cortex combines sensorimotor and semantic content for advanced behaviours like tool manipulation. (nature.com)
The anterior temporal cortex, however, has yet to be identified with real action tasks during which participants are asked to manipulate tools with their hands. (nature.com)
Temporal sequence of visuo-auditory interaction in multiple areas of the guinea pig visual cortex. (bvsalud.org)
Parietal lobe is located behind the frontal lobe and above the temporal lobe, toward the upper area of the skull. (medicinenet.com)
Fabbrini F, Van den Haute C, De Vitis M , Baekelandt V, Vanduffel W , Vogels R . Probing the Mechanisms of Repetition Suppression in Inferior Temporal Cortex with Optogenetics. (neurotree.org)
But a new MIT study brings fresh respect for the lowly visual cortex: Building on growing evidence that V1 can do more than detect edges, neuroscientist Mark Bear and his postdoc Jeffrey Gavornik have shown that V1 is the site of a complex type of learning involving spatial-temporal sequences. (neurosciencenews.com)

However, direct evidence for the involvement of these areas in perceptual learning has been mixed. (jneurosci.org)
It has been shown that visual illusions such as the Ebbinghaus illusion distort judgements of a perceptual nature, but when the subject responds with an action, such as grasping, no distortion occurs. (wikipedia.org)
However, the computational processes within a visual field map do not have to coincide with perceptual qualities. (visionsciences.org)
Indeed most perceptual functions are associated with multiple visual field maps and even multiple cortical regions. (visionsciences.org)
During the first experiment, participants learned a visual perceptual learning (VPL) task called a texture discrimination task (TDT). (medicalnewstoday.com)

Experience-dependent plasticity in the mature visual system is widely considered to be cortical. (nature.com)
NMDA receptor-dependent ocular dominance plasticity in adult visual cortex. (nature.com)

Thus, simple stimulus-reward pairing is sufficient to strengthen stimulus representations in visual cortex and does this by means of two dissociable mechanisms. (mit.edu)
Through his research, he showed that the process of mentally simulating potential future outcomes is associated with internal, visual representations of said simulations in visual cortices of the brain. (exponent.com)

The medial frontal cortex (sometimes called the medial prefrontal area) is important in arousal and motivation. (msdmanuals.com)

Using optical intrinsic signal imaging, we observed brain-wide disruptions in resting-state functional connectivity after stroke that were prevented by mGluR5 inhibition in distinct areas of contralesional sensorimotor and bilateral visual cortices. (lu.se)

The limbic system allows for complex interactions between the cortex, the thalamus, the hypothalamus, and the brainstem. (medscape.com)

A majority of cortical areas are connected via feedforward and feedback fiber projections. (zotero.org)
The complex network of cortical areas can be hierarchically ordered based on the anatomy of interareal cortico-cortical (CC) projections. (elifesciences.org)
Yet, whether the selectivity of CC input between two areas is similar for both ascending and descending projections or whether it varies also remains unknown. (elifesciences.org)

In the left inferior frontal sulcus, as indexed by a significant incongruency effect, visual and auditory category information are integrated interactively for response selection. (birmingham.ac.uk)

Visual experience is not necessary for the development of face-selectivity in the lateral fusiform gyrus. (mit.edu)
In contrast, the parahippocampal gyri combined visual and auditory information additively: activation was greater for visual landmarks than animal faces and landmark-related sounds than animal vocalizations resulting in increased parahippocampal selectivity for congruent audiovisual landmarks. (birmingham.ac.uk)

The two halves of the frontal lobes are called the left and right frontal cortex. (medicinenet.com)

Probing and comparing the functional relevance of PPC has been complicated by the fact that the physical location and delineation of PPC in different species is disputed, and an overall consensus on whether the PPC in different species actually is a homologous area is lacking ( Olsen and Witter, 2016 ). (frontiersin.org)

In particular, using a quantitative behavioural assay combined with computational modelling, we find that males use fast modulations in visual and self-motion signals to pattern their songs, a relationship that we show is evolutionarily conserved. (zotero.org)
In this study we examined the arrangement of orientation pinwheel centers in the cat visual cortex by optical imaging of intrinsic signals. (elsevierpure.com)
the visual cortex in the left hemisphere receives signals from the right visual field, and the visual cortex in the right hemisphere receives signals from the left visual field. (wikipedia.org)
Each hemisphere's V1 receives information directly from its ipsilateral lateral geniculate nucleus that receives signals from the contralateral visual hemifield. (wikipedia.org)
The hypothesis is that the drug will help restore vision by fostering the development of new connections between areas of the brain necessary for interpreting signals from the healthy eye cells. (sciencedaily.com)

This study breaks new ground by describing the cascade of processes that occur after a stroke in the visual center of the brain and how this ultimately leads to changes in the retina," said senior study author Brad Mahon, an associate professor at Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Rochester. (sciencedaily.com)
The participants took vision tests, underwent scans in an MRI to identify areas of brain activity and were administered a test that evaluated the integrity of cells in their retina. (sciencedaily.com)

In this personal perspective, we discuss the ongoing struggle of visual models to catch up with the visual cortex, identify key reasons for the relatively rapid improvement of artificial systems and models, and identify open problems for computational vision in this domain. (zotero.org)
In all, we suggest a computational theory for recurrent processing in the visual cortex in which the significance of local measurements is evaluated on the basis of a broader visual context that is represented in terms of contour code patterns. (zotero.org)

These results demonstrate that extensive training can lead to targeted functional reorganization of the human visual cortex, refining the cortical representation of behaviorally relevant information. (jneurosci.org)
A highly selective response to food in human visual cortex revealed by hypothesis-free voxel decomposition. (mit.edu)

Vanduffel W . Decision letter: Receptor-driven, multimodal mapping of cortical areas in the macaque monkey intraparietal sulcus Elife . (neurotree.org)

Anatomy47

Organisms18

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs13

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment44

Psychiatry and Psychology58

Phenomena and Processes57

Disciplines and Occupations4

Information Science12

Health Care5

Striate cortex8

Mouse visual cortex1

Cerebral12

Pathways6

Stimuli15

Receptive field13

Observed in the primary visual1

Posterior9

Primary32

Ventral10

Auditory cortex5

Occipito-temporal cortex1

FMRI5

Extrastriate3

Retinotopic5

Organization8

Subcortical3

Sensory7

Function of the visual cortex2

Responses7

Occipital cortex1

Neuroscience1

Early visual cortex1

Parietal cortex1

Prefrontal Cortex1

Dorsal4

Stimulation1

Somatosensory1

Perception4

Neural3

Inputs4

Primate1

Motor cortex4

Neurons in the visual1

Physiology1

Temporal8

Perceptual5

Plasticity2

Representations2

Medial prefrontal1

Sensorimotor1

Thalamus1

Projections3

Inferior1

Selectivity2

Frontal lobes1

20161

Signals5

Retina2

Computational2

Human visual2

ELife1