AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesHumanitiesPublication Characteristics
Aqueous HumorWit and Humor as TopicTrabecular MeshworkCiliary BodyFluorophotometryIntraocular PressureIrisAnterior ChamberVitreous BodyUveitisBlood-Aqueous BarrierUveitis, AnteriorAnterior Eye SegmentEye ProteinsAdministration, TopicalCataractRabbitsTimololScleraGlaucomaExfoliation SyndromeUveaEyeToxoplasmosis, OcularGlaucoma, Open-AngleCorneaOphthalmic SolutionsTonometry, OcularIridocyclitisCataract ExtractionPupilTransforming Growth Factor beta2Lens, CrystallineEndothelium, CornealGlaucoma, NeovascularEye InfectionsEye DiseasesTropicamideCarbonic Anhydrase InhibitorsProstaglandins F, SyntheticLevobunololFluoresceinHumorOcular HypotensionMacaca fascicularisMethazolamideAscorbic AcidEndophthalmitisLaughterTrabeculectomyEye NeoplasmsInjectionsMoxisylyteHeptanolEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayEye Infections, ViralOcular HypertensionPilocarpineFluoresceinsRetinal Necrosis Syndrome, AcuteVenous PressureHydrophthalmosGanglionectomyCorneal TransplantationMiotics
GlaucomaTrabecularIntraocularFluidRate of aqueousCornea and aqueousDrainage of aqueousCiliaryOutflow pathwaysTissuesOcularConcentrationsIncreasesResistanceHumourCataractWateryPerfusionSerumVitreous humorDynamicsFlowsFlowMetaboliteLensProteinUveitisSchlemm'sPatientsDiabeticChamberAnalysisEyesAnterior segmentLevelsPotentialStudyGroups
Glaucoma10
  • Hence, comparison of the aqueous humor TGF-β2 level between patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and controls would provide direct evidence for the role of TGF-β2 in the etiology of OAG. (molvis.org)
  • To investigate the presence and activity of protein phosphatase-2A (PPase2A), protein phosphatase-2C (PPase2C), and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) in the human aqueous humor (AH) of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and cataract and to study the correlation between these phosphatases and the redox state of the AH. (iucc.ac.il)
  • Oxidative Impurity B of Calcitriol Impurity B of Calcitriol loss of life or harm of TM endothelial cells could end result because of this publicity, as seen in glaucoma sufferers with reduced cellularity from the TM.31,92C94 If increased air oxidizes AsA and other antioxidants, you might expect antioxidant substances to become depleted in Cd207 the aqueous laughter of sufferers with elevated air. (ncbedbugs.com)
  • Cell atlas of aqueous humor outflow pathways in eyes of humans and four model species provides insight into glaucoma pathogenesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Although glaucoma treatments alter aqueous humor (AH) dynamics to lower intraocular pressure, the regulatory mechanisms of AH circulation and their contributions to the pathogenesis of ocular hypertension and glaucoma remain unclear. (nyu.edu)
  • These may reduce elevated and normal IOP, with or without glaucoma, by reducing production of aqueous humor or by outflow. (medscape.com)
  • Emerging evidence in the glaucoma literature has expanded the understanding of aqueous flow dynamics. (crstoday.com)
  • An overproduction of aqueous humor can cause a build-up of intraocular pressure which contributes to glaucoma . (northshore.org)
  • Primary infantile glaucoma is a rare developmental defect in the iridocorneal filtration angle of the anterior chamber that prevents aqueous fluid from properly draining from the eye. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Glaucoma treatments include various topical and oral medications, cilioablative or trabecular meshwork laser procedures, and various surgical techniques designed to improve trabecular meshwork outflow, increase suprachoroidal drainage, or divert aqueous to the subconjunctival space. (medscape.com)
Trabecular8
  • Intraocular pressure is determined by the production and drainage of aqueous humour by the ciliary body and its drainage via the trabecular meshwork and uveoscleral outflow. (wikipedia.org)
  • Purpose The outflow facility for aqueous humor across the trabecular meshwork (TM) is enhanced by agents that oppose the actomyosin contraction of GSK690693 its resident cells. (cell-signaling-pathways.com)
  • Introduction The outflow of aqueous humor across the trabecular meshwork (TM) is usually regulated by among other factors actomyosin contraction of the resident TM cells and altered extracellular matrix (ECM) [1-3]. (cell-signaling-pathways.com)
  • Usually, fluid (aqueous humor) in the eye flows freely through the anterior chamber and exits through the drainage system (trabecular meshwork). (mayoclinic.org)
  • NO donors relax the trabecular meshwork (TM) and increase aqueous humour outflow. (bmj.com)
  • it produces aqueous humor, facilitates trabecular outflow, intervenes in alteration of the shape of the crystalline lens during accommodation, and secretes hyaluronic acid into the vitreous. (medscape.com)
  • 98% of the aqueous humor exits the eye via either the trabecular meshwork and the Schlemm canal (the major pathway, particularly in older people) or the ciliary body face and choroidal vasculature (also called the uveoscleral pathway and can make up to 50% of outflow in people younger than 30). (msdmanuals.com)
  • The aqueous humor actively interacts with the trabecular meshwork (TM), juxtacanalicular tissue (JCT), and Schlemm's canal (SC) through a dynamic fluid-structure interaction (FSI) coupling. (lu.se)
Intraocular11
  • Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucomatous eyes is often due to increased resistance to aqueous outflow. (molvis.org)
  • The effects of topical ibopamine on pupillary diameter, aqueous humor flow measured by fluorophotometry, and intraocular pressure were studied in 24 healthy, blue-eyed humans. (umn.edu)
  • Compared with placebo and with the tropicamide control, ibopamine decreased intraocular pressure, despite its stimulation of aqueous humor flow. (umn.edu)
  • This effect is partly responsible for its ability to increase intraocular pressure in persons suspected to have abnormally low aqueous humor outflow facility. (umn.edu)
  • The mechanism of diabetic macular edema (DME) was explored by comparing the intraocular metabolite profiles of the aqueous humor of patients with DME to those of diabetic patients without DME using untargeted metabolomic analysis. (mysciencework.com)
  • During the night, intraocular pressure may not decrease despite the slower production of aqueous humour. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aqueous humor (AH) supports avascular tissues within the anterior segment of the eye, maintains intraocular pressure, and potentially influences the pathogenesis of ocular diseases. (mindunwindart.com)
  • These can decrease intraocular pressure by decreasing aqueous production. (medscape.com)
  • Despite the fact that intraocular pressure (IOP) undergoes significant fluctuations, our understanding of the hyperviscoelastic biomechanical properties of the aqueous outflow tissues is limited. (lu.se)
  • Agentes utilizados para preservar la función visual al disminuir la PRESIÓN INTRAOCULAR (PIO) actuando sobre el HUMOR ACUOSO. (bvsalud.org)
  • Agents used to preserve visual function by decreasing INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE (IOP) by targeting the AQUEOUS HUMOR. (bvsalud.org)
Fluid5
Rate of aqueous3
  • Topical ocular application has been shown to cause mydriasis without cycloplegia and to increase the rate of aqueous humor flow in normotensive human eyes. (umn.edu)
  • 0.0001), which was interpreted as an increased rate of aqueous humor production. (umn.edu)
  • Ibopamine is in a specific class of drug, along with pilocarpine, epinephrine, and bimatoprost that in humans increases the rate of aqueous humor flow as measured by fluorophotometry. (umn.edu)
Cornea and aqueous2
  • The cornea and aqueous humor form an outer lens that refracts (bends) light on its way into the eye. (kidshealth.org)
  • Light that has been focused through the cornea and aqueous humor hits the lens, which then focuses it further, sending the light rays through the vitreous humor and onto the retina. (kidshealth.org)
Drainage of aqueous1
  • The main determinant of IOP is the equilibrium between production and drainage of aqueous humor , with compromised drainage generally viewed as the primary contributor to dangerous IOP elevations. (bvsalud.org)
Ciliary2
Outflow pathways2
  • Previous studies have shown that increased extracellular material deposition in outflow pathways leads to increased resistance to aqueous outflow, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β seems to play a role in the deposition of extracellular material. (molvis.org)
  • An imbalance between the rate of ECM synthesis and its breakdown leads to increased ECM deposition in aqueous outflow pathways. (molvis.org)
Tissues1
  • Statement of significance: While the human conventional aqueous outflow pathway is subjected to a large-deformation and time-dependent IOP load-boundary, we are not aware of any studies that have calculated the hyperviscoelastic mechanical properties of the outflow tissues with embedded viscoelastic collagen fibrils. (lu.se)
Ocular1
  • Gadolinium leaked into the vitreous of microbead-induced hypertensive eyes and brimonidine-treated and untreated fellow eyes, suggestive of a compromise of aqueous-vitreous or blood-ocular barrier integrity. (nyu.edu)
Concentrations1
  • To investigate the correlations between aqueous concentrations of interleukin 1β, 6, 8, 10, 12p (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and the parameters of macular edema acquired by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with choroidal neovascularization. (molvis.org)
Increases3
  • The data obtained from this study demonstrate that Noladin ether increases aqueous humor outflow facility and that its effect is mediated through the CB1 cannabinoid receptor. (arvojournals.org)
  • Intriguingly, both PDBU and GF109203X caused increases in aqueous outflow facility in the perfusion model. (duke.edu)
  • Selective alpha 2-receptor that reduces aqueous humor formation and increases uveoscleral outflow. (medscape.com)
Resistance2
  • No change in resistance to aqueous flow was observed with perfusion of the human or pig eye during an hour-and-a-half of equal pressure. (eurekamag.com)
  • 17-19 NO donors may trigger, among other things, reduction of actomyosin contractility and disassembly of the actin cytoskeleton and cell adhesion system in the cells of the conventional outflow pathway, causing cell shape changes and overall relaxation of the TM and inner wall of Schlemm's canal leading to decreased resistance to aqueous humour outflow. (bmj.com)
Humour1
  • AH](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Three_Main_Layers_of_the_Eye.png) From [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqueous_humour) under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) license. (amdb.online)
Cataract3
  • IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p, and TNF-α in the aqueous humor samples of 17 patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD), ten patients with pathological myopia (PM), seven patients with idiopathic choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and 14 patients with cataract and idiopathic epiretinal membrane or macular hole in the control group were measured with cytometric bead array. (molvis.org)
  • We used label-free nanoflow ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to compare aqueous humor protein expressions in cataract patients with different cataract risk factors such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and smoking and in controls (with cataract) without risk exposure. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • The alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, called fetuin-a, could be a potential aqueous biomarker associated with DM and smoking, which were cataract risk factors. (tmu.edu.tw)
Watery1
  • The front chamber is filled with a watery liquid called aqueous humor. (northshore.org)
Perfusion2
  • We investigated the involvement of PKC in regulation of myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation, formation of actin stress fibers and integrin-ECM adhesions (focal adhesions) in human TM and SC cells and correlated these changes with aqueous outflow facility measured in an enucleated porcine whole eye perfusion model. (duke.edu)
  • Ex vivo perfusion studies have exhibited that brokers that increase the actomyosin contraction of TM cells decrease aqueous humor outflow and vice versa [4-6]. (cell-signaling-pathways.com)
Serum1
Vitreous humor3
  • The larger chamber in back is filled with a soft jelly called vitreous humor. (northshore.org)
  • Degenerative changes in the vitreous humor can cause symptoms of floaters. (northshore.org)
  • Light continues through the vitreous humor and the light converges on the retina, specifically the fovea centralis of the macula. (medscape.com)
Dynamics1
  • Collectively, an evolved understanding of aqueous flow dynamics demonstrate that the entire system is complex, and each component has a function in physiologic flow. (crstoday.com)
Flows1
  • As new aqueous flows into your eye, the same amount should drain out. (aao.org)
Flow2
  • Mydriasis can interfere with the measurement of aqueous flow. (umn.edu)
  • The transient apparent doubling of aqueous humor flow, measured by fluorescein clearance after administration of ibopamine is an artifact of increased fluorescein clearance through the dilated pupil while accommodation is active. (umn.edu)
Metabolite1
  • This gives indirect proof that H2O2, a significant ROS,2 is available in aqueous laughter.90 Some have recommended that elevated air may make enough H2O2 to exceed the power of catalase to eliminate it,41,91 potentially increasing publicity from the aqueous outflow pathway to the toxic metabolite. (ncbedbugs.com)
Lens2
  • Launch The aqueous laughter (AH) is really a apparent liquid that fills the anterior portion of the attention and bathes the zoom lens, iris, and corneal endothelium [1]. (mindunwindart.com)
  • Lens proteins are most likely immunologically privileged, and they may initiate an immunologic sensitization only after entering the aqueous humor. (medscape.com)
Protein1
  • Scholars@Duke publication: The role of protein kinase C in modulation of aqueous humor outflow facility. (duke.edu)
Uveitis1
  • Immunoglobulin G (IgG) in aqueous humor from patients with various uveitis syndromes was analyzed using a number of immunologic techniques. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Schlemm's1
  • Although the TM and Schlemm's canal (SC) comprise the major route for aqueous humor outflow, little is known about the potential signaling mechanisms involved in the regulation of aqueous outflow. (duke.edu)
Patients12
  • To determine the associations between aqueous humor cytokine levels and the severity of diabetic retinopathy and the prior panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) status of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). (hindawi.com)
  • We subclassified PRP patients by the interval between PRP and aqueous sampling and analyzed the associations between aqueous cytokine levels and this interval. (hindawi.com)
  • aqueous humor biomarkers might predict prognosis or allow customized treatment of selected DME patients. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, we enrolled a relatively large number of patients when exploring changes in aqueous humor cytokine levels, and we determined whether such levels were affected by prior laser treatment. (hindawi.com)
  • The aqueous level of all cytokines did not vary significantly between the CNV patients who had accepted their last intravitreal injection of bevacizumab within 3 months and the other patients, nor was a difference found among patients with exudative AMD, PM, and idiopathic CNV, and the control group. (molvis.org)
  • In this study, we explored the relationship between levels of inflammatory cytokines in aqueous humor of patients with CNV after and not after recent anti-VEGF therapy and the parameters of the macula acquired with optical coherence tomography (OCT). (molvis.org)
  • Hence, we performed this meta-analysis to develop an accurate estimate of the changes in aqueous humor TGF-β2 levels among OAG patients. (molvis.org)
  • We undertook the meta-analysis of data from all available studies that had a case-control design and investigated the aqueous humor levels of TGF-β2 (total, active, or both) in OAG patients. (molvis.org)
  • The analysis of pooled data showed that aqueous humor TGF-β2 levels are elevated in patients with OAG and POAG. (molvis.org)
  • Aqueous samples from 18 type 2 diabetic patients with DME and 18 type 2 diabetic patients without DME used as controls were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS). (mysciencework.com)
  • The change in the metabolic profiles in the aqueous humor of DME patients compared to DM controls without DME indicates that DME patients may have less capability to resist various stresses or damaging pathological conditions, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial insufficiency, inflammation, and ECM deterioration. (mysciencework.com)
  • Isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting studies revealed oligoclonal IgG bands in the aqueous of 13 of 23 (57%) patients with FHC, most being of the IgG1 subclass. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Diabetic1
Chamber1
Analysis1
Eyes1
  • We selected a total of eight studies that measured TGF-β2 levels in the aqueous humor of glaucomatous eyes. (molvis.org)
Anterior segment2
  • Porcine anterior segment perfused organ culture model was used to measure the effects of Noladin ether on aqueous humor outflow facility. (arvojournals.org)
  • A quadrant of the anterior segment of a normal humor donor eye was dynamically pressurized from the SC lumen with relatively large fluctuations. (lu.se)
Levels3
  • The aqueous humor levels of IL-6, IL-8, VEGF, and PlGF were significantly higher in the PDR group than in the NPDR group. (hindawi.com)
  • Regression analyses showed that the levels of VEGF, PlGF, and TNF- α decreased significantly as the interval between PRP and aqueous sampling became longer. (hindawi.com)
  • In the CNV groups, the aqueous levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly associated with macular volume within 6 mm (p=0.011, p=0.008, respectively), while IL-1β, IL-10, IL-12p, and TNF-α showed no significant correlation with either the maximum macular thickness or the macular volume. (molvis.org)
Potential1
  • In this study ibopamine's effect on aqueous humor production was measured while making allowance for the potential artifact caused by its mydriatic effect. (umn.edu)
Study1
  • The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Noladin ether on aqueous humor outflow facility and to test whether its action is CB1 receptor-mediated. (arvojournals.org)
Groups1
  • In total, 136 aqueous humor proteins were identified, of which only alpha-2-Heremans-Schmid (HS)-glycoprotein was considered to be significantly risk-associated because it was differentially expressed in these three groups and exhibited increased expression with increasing risk factors. (tmu.edu.tw)