Aqueous micelles. Medical search. Frequent questions

Micelles form only when the concentration of surfactant is greater than the critical micelle concentration (CMC), and the temperature of the system is greater than the critical micelle temperature, or Krafft temperature. (wikipedia.org)
The results are used to estimate the critical micelle concentration and the average aggregation number of SC micelles. (uwo.ca)
For the nonionic surfactants, critical micelle concentration, cmc, and γ and θ above cmc decreased with decreasing EO chain length. (degruyter.com)
The Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) was determined by measuring the surface tension of test item solutions at different test item concentrations. (europa.eu)
The Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) of the test item (= substance EC 939-455-3 in aqueous commercial product) was determined in a GLP-compliant study by measuring the surface tension of test item solutions at different test item concentrations. (europa.eu)
TRI enhanced LAS transport, and the presence of SRA decreased LAS critical micelle concentration (CMC) which reduced LAS monomers available for transport. (cdc.gov)

Vesicles form spontaneously in a variety of aqueous mixtures of oppositely charged surfactants. (umn.edu)
In these mixtures, there is limited growth of the micelles with changes in composition, and vesicles abruptly begin to form at a characteristic mixing ratio of the two surfactants. (umn.edu)
This is in contrast to the first-order phase transition exhibited by other aqueous mixtures of oppositely charged surfactants, in which micelles first grow into extended threadlike micelles and samples intermediate to the micellar and vesicle phases separate into two macroscopic phases. (umn.edu)
In water, the hydrophilic "heads" of surfactant molecules are always in contact with the solvent, regardless of whether the surfactants exist as monomers or as part of a micelle. (wikipedia.org)
Micelles composed of ionic surfactants have an electrostatic attraction to the ions that surround them in solution, the latter known as counterions. (wikipedia.org)
2. Almgren M. Mixed micelles and other structures in the solubilization of bilayer lipid membranes by surfactants // Biochim. (medline.ru)
have studied the mildness of sodium cocoyl isethionate (SCI) on the skin barrier via an in vitro investigation of the relative sizes of the SCI micelles and skin pores.1 SCI is an important surfactant ingredient in mild, synthetic detergent (syndet) cleansing bars, and studies have shown it is more mild and less damaging to the skin barrier than soaps and surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
In typical pharmaceutical microemulsion applications, the hydrophobic material is a water insoluble organic material that is emulsified by surfactants to form a discontinuous phase in a continuous aqueous phase (see, for example, U.S. Pat. (justia.com)
Physico-chemical studies of the self-assembly of PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymers and their interaction with surfactants, bile salts and polyelectrolytes in aqueous solution. (lu.se)

A series of monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide) (mPEG-PLA) diblock copolymers were synthesized, and mPEG-PLA micelle was fabricated and used as a nanocarrier for solubilization and delivery of a promising anticancer drug ethaselen. (springer.com)
In vitro hemolysis study indicated that mPEG-PLA copolymers and ethaselen-loaded polymeric micelles had no hemolytic effect on the erythrocyte. (springer.com)
In previous work, our group has prepared micellar ethaselen formulation employing PLA-based copolymers and characterized its drug loading contents and stability (data not shown), which have demonstrated the compatibility between the core of micelles and the ethaselen molecules. (springer.com)
We report the molecular design, synthesis and characterization of multifunctional unimolecular micelles formed by amphiphilic bottlebrush-like grafted block copolymers with theranostic functions of bright far red/near infrared (FR/NIR) fluorescence and anticancer drug delivery. (rsc.org)
The amphiphilic and branched nature of these grafted block copolymers enabled the formation of unimolecular micelles (UMs) that were well dispersible in aqueous media. (rsc.org)

Hydrophobically Modified Amphiphilic Block Copolymer Micelles in Non-Aqueous Polar Solvents. (cas.cz)

Free ursodiol, 7-keto-lithocholic acid, and lithocholic acid are relatively insoluble in aqueous media and larger proportions of these compounds are lost from the distal gut into the feces. (nih.gov)
Cholesterol is insoluble in aqueous media but can be solubilized in at least 2 different ways in the presence of dihydroxy bile acids. (medscape.com)

A micelle (/maɪˈsɛl/) or micella (/maɪˈsɛlə/) (plural micelles or micellae, respectively) is an aggregate (or supramolecular assembly) of surfactant amphipathic lipid molecules dispersed in a liquid, forming a colloidal suspension (also known as associated colloidal system). (wikipedia.org)
The shape and size of a micelle are a function of the molecular geometry of its surfactant molecules and solution conditions such as surfactant concentration, temperature, pH, and ionic strength. (wikipedia.org)
However, the lipophilic "tails" of surfactant molecules have less contact with water when they are part of a micelle-this being the basis for the energetic drive for micelle formation. (wikipedia.org)
In a micelle, the hydrophobic tails of several surfactant molecules assemble into an oil-like core, the most stable form of which having no contact with water. (wikipedia.org)
In water, the hydrophobic effect is the driving force for micelle formation, despite the fact that assembling surfactant molecules is unfavorable in terms of both enthalpy and entropy of the system. (wikipedia.org)
Structural changes of poly(butadiene)-poly(ethyleneoxide) diblock-copolymer micelles induced by a cationic surfactant: scattering and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy studies. (mpg.de)
Sodium sulfopropyl octadecyl maleate - a long-chain surfactant with unusual aggregation behavior in aqueous-solution. (mpg.de)
After depositing stearic acid, the PET film was cleaned in aqueous surfactant solutions by applying stirring as a mechanical action for soil removal. (degruyter.com)
Surfactant-based processes: oil and bitumen extraction, remediation of oil spills, polymers and nanoparticle synthesis, aqueous solvent extraction. (utoronto.ca)
An aqueous delivery system is described including at least one surfactant and at least one water insoluble wetting agent. (justia.com)
Emulsion technology is also used to create polymeric dispersions wherein a monomer is first emulsified in an aqueous surfactant solution and then polymerized. (justia.com)

Here we report the morphological transition from spherical micelles to vesicles observed in mixtures of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) as probed by the complementary techniques of quasielastic light scattering (QLS), NMR self-diffusion and relaxation measurements, and time-resolved fluorescence quenching (TRFQ) experiments. (umn.edu)
Thus, in mixtures of DTAC and SDBS, the transition from micelles to vesicles is continuous. (umn.edu)
3. Leng J., Egelhaaf S.U., Cates M.E. Kinetics of the micelle-to-vesicle transition: aqueous lecithin-bile salt mixtures // Biophys. (medline.ru)
8. Lichtenberg D., Opatowski E., Kozlov M.M. Phase boundaries in mixtures of membrane-forming amphiphiles and micelle-forming amphiphiles // Biochim. (medline.ru)
12. Majhi P.R., Blume A. Temperature-induced micelle-vesicle transitions in DMPC-SDS and DMPC-DTAB mixtures studied by calorimetry and dynamic light scattering // J. Phys. (medline.ru)
Physicochemical determinants of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) disposition in skin exposed to aqueous cutting fluid mixtures. (cdc.gov)

As the composition moves further into the vesicle region, the quantity of micelles decreases in proportion to the number of vesicles that form. (umn.edu)
9. Andelman D., Kozlov M.M., Helfrich W. Phase transition between vesicles and micelles driven by competing curvatures // Europhys. (medline.ru)
Cholesterol, ordinarily insoluble in water, comes into solution by forming vesicles with phospholipids (principally lecithin) or mixed micelles with bile salts and phospholipids. (medscape.com)

The clinical application of gambogic acid, a natural component with promising antitumor activity, is limited due to its extremely poor aqueous solubility, short half-life in blood, and severe systemic toxicity. (dovepress.com)
Ethaselen was efficiently encapsulated into the micelles by the dialysis method, and the solubility of ethaselen in water was remarkably increased up to 82 μg/mL before freeze-drying. (springer.com)
The micelle structure of the thermogel polymer enables improved hydrophobic drug solubility. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Alternatively, therapeutic agents can be added directly to the aqueous polymer solution and then physically entrapped in the PLGA hydrophobic segments which form physical crosslinks as the temperature of the solution increases and the hydrogen bonding effect of the PEG is decreased limiting its solubility. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Determination of hydrolytic stability was not carried out using Method C.7 Abiotic Degradation, Hydrolysis as a Function of pH of Commission Regulation (EC) No 440/2008 of 30 May 2008 and Method 111 of the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals, 13 April 2004 due to the test item having overall low solubility in aqueous media and being a complex mixture. (europa.eu)

Ionic micelles influence many properties of the mixture, including its electrical conductivity. (wikipedia.org)
Adding salts to a colloid containing micelles can decrease the strength of electrostatic interactions and lead to the formation of larger ionic micelles. (wikipedia.org)
Nernst-Planck equations are used to develop a model for the diffusion of solubilizates and ionic micelles. (uwo.ca)

Using the similarities between 1D polymeric micelles and bottle-brush polymers, we developed a model explaining how the dissolving crystallites reach a critical size independent of the annealing temperature, and then explode in a cooperative process involving the remaining polymer chains of the crystallites. (nature.com)
The key features of our experiments reside (i) in the nature of the polymers studied, since PFS BCPs enable a high level of control over the dimensions of core-crystalline micelles formed in solution, and (ii) in the size of the seed crystallites we examine. (nature.com)

In the case of aqueous micellar solutions, when a hydrophobic or less water soluble material such as an oil is emulsified in the micellar solution, an emulsion results. (justia.com)

Micelles are approximately spherical in shape. (wikipedia.org)

The difficulty filling all the volume of the interior of a bilayer, while accommodating the area per head group forced on the molecule by the hydration of the lipid head group, leads to the formation of the micelle. (wikipedia.org)
Amphipathic compounds such as fatty acids and acyl glycerols are important candidates for micelle/bilayer/vesicle formation. (nih.gov)

From spectrophotometric and electrochemical techniques, it was shown that cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB, hemimicelles, formed on the surfaces of a carbon paste electrode (CPE), selectively adsorbed diclofenac, DCF, molecules from a neutral aqueous solution of DCF and acetaminophen, ACT. (rsc.org)
Structure of J-aggregates of pseudoisocyanine dye in aqueous solution. (mpg.de)
Micellar properties of sodium sulfopropyl alkyl maleates in aqueous solution - A time-resolved fluorescence quenching study. (mpg.de)
For surface active substances which form micelles in solution, the surface tension decreases with increasing concentration until the CMC is reached. (europa.eu)
Raman-MCR decomposes an aqueous solution spectrum into solvent (pure water) and solute-correlated spectra, the latter of which contains vibrational features from the solute as well as any water molecules that are perturbed by the solute. (purdue.edu)
For this purpose, in vitro mannitol skin permeability and average skin resistance measurements were taken after skin was exposed to an aqueous SCI solution. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
Further described are low surface energy substrates, such as microporous polytetrafluoroethylene, coated with such an aqueous solution so as to impart a change in at least one surface characteristic compared to the surface characteristics of the uncoated low surface energy substrate. (justia.com)
Growth of gold nanorods is investigated in the presence of ascorbic acid in an aqueous mixed micelle solution of hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and tetraoctyl ammonium bromide (TOAB) through photochemical reduction of HAuCl4·3H2O using 300 nm Hg lamps. (villanova.edu)
Micelles are used to encapsulate poorly water-soluble drugs (eg, estradiol ) to enhance their dissolution in aqueous solution and hence their absorption. (msdmanuals.com)

A permutation of these aqueous micellar delivery systems are microemulsions which form easily, even spontaneously, in the presence of typically high emulsifier concentrations. (justia.com)

A typical micelle in water forms an aggregate with the hydrophilic "head" regions in contact with surrounding solvent, sequestering the hydrophobic single-tail regions in the micelle centre. (wikipedia.org)
In our research, PLA was also chosen as hydrophobic segment of a block copolymer due to the higher compatibility between the micelle core-forming PLA and the ethaselen molecules. (springer.com)
In particular, Raman-MCR is used to observe the presence and extent of water penetration into micelle interiors, and partial molar volume results from density measurements of deep-cavity cavitands demonstrate experimental observation of a hydrophobic cavity dewetting transition. (purdue.edu)
For example, pharmaceutical agents may be dispersed into the hydrophobic material and delivered as part of the aqueous emulsion. (justia.com)

Although the closest counterions partially mask a charged micelle (by up to 92%), the effects of micelle charge affect the structure of the surrounding solvent at appreciable distances from the micelle. (wikipedia.org)
For example, surface active substances can form micelles in an aqueous environment but these would not form in the same way in the organic solvent environment of the test. (europa.eu)

This suggests stabilization of the polar dispersed phase in polar regions of the micelle. (strath.ac.uk)

Synthesis of polymeric microcapsules by interfacial-suspension cationic photopolymerisation of divinyl ether monomer in aqueous suspension POLYMER CHEMISTRY. (nottingham.ac.uk)

Characterization of sodium sulfopropyl octadecyl maleate micelles by small-angle neutron scattering. (mpg.de)
6. Inoue T., Kawamura H., Okukado S., Shimozawa R. Characterization of molecular assemblies formed in aqueous C10E7/DPPC mixture by spin label and fluorescence probe techniques and mechanism of micelle-to-vesicle transformation // J. Colloid Interf. (medline.ru)

Multiphasic aqueous hydroformylation of 1-alkenes with micelle-like polymer particles as phase transfer agents. (tu-darmstadt.de)
These are small particles that trap impurities and mix them with the aqueous phase to be eliminated. (penntybio.com)

MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) tests demonstrated that the GA-mPEG 2000 micelle formulation had obvious cytotoxicity to tumor cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. (dovepress.com)

The results presented here aid in understanding outstanding questions concerning hydration of micelles, cavity hydration and dewetting transitions, and crystallization and host-guest binding processes in aqueous environments. (purdue.edu)

The design of this study was based on EC Guideline A.5 (Surface Tension - March 04, 2016) and OECD Guideline 115 (Surface Tension of Aqueous Solutions - July 27, 1995). (europa.eu)

An investigation of the micellar phase of sodium sulfopropyl octadecyl maleate in aqueous sodium chloride solutions by light scattering techniques. (mpg.de)
Ostwald in as early as 1917 reported that chloroauric acid solutions can be reduced to gold nanoparticles employing tannin even when tap water is used to prepare aqueous solutions [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
The diffusion coefficient of SDS in aqueous salt solutions determined by Taylor dispersion is found to be smaller than the diffusion coefficient of the micelles indicated by the popular quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS) method. (uwo.ca)
The spectrum shows that QELS gives the lower eigenvalue of the diffusion coefficient matrix for SDS/NaCl solutions rather than the diffusion coefficient of the SDS micelles. (uwo.ca)
In aqueous SDS/alcohol solubilizate solutions, the diffusion of the solubilized portion of each alcohol was expected to cotransport large amounts of SDS. (uwo.ca)
The binary diffusion coefficient of aqueous SC, an important biosurfactant, solutions is determined by the Taylor dispersion technique. (uwo.ca)
Ternary diffusion coefficients reported for aqueous SC/n-decanol and SC/n-octanol solutions suggest that diffusion in SC/solubilizate systems is similar to that of SDS/octanol solutions. (uwo.ca)
Self assembly of fatty acids in aqueous solutions. (cea.fr)
Researchers have shown that in aqueous solutions SDS forms smaller micelles than the pores in the stratum corneum (SC), and as a result, the SDS micelles can contribute to SDS skin penetration and induce skin barrier perturbation. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)

Holdings: Critical Concentrations and Role of Ascorbic Acid (Vitamine C) in the Crystallization of Gold Nanorods within CTAB/TOAB Micelles. (villanova.edu)

These highly mobile, spontaneously formed clusters came to be called micelles, a term borrowed from biology and popularized by G.S. Hartley in his classic book Paraffin Chain Salts: A Study in Micelle Formation. (wikipedia.org)
The formation of micelles can be understood using thermodynamics: Micelles can form spontaneously because of a balance between entropy and enthalpy. (wikipedia.org)
We reveal the formation of amorphous complexes via an en masse pathway and their relaxation into virions via a synchronous pathway. (cea.fr)
Evidence for ion pair formation in aqueous bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) reverse micelles (RMs) was obtained from infrared spectra of azide and cyanate with Li+, Na+, K+, and NH4+ counterions. (sciforums.com)

Two sets of experiments were conducted to study dehydration reactions of model lipid precursors in aqueous media to form acyl polyols and wax esters, and to evaluate the stability and reactions of the products at elevated temperatures. (nih.gov)

These suggested that mPEG-PLA polymeric micelle nanoparticles had great potential as nanocarriers for effective solubilization of poorly soluble ethaselen and further reducing side effects and toxicities of the drug. (springer.com)

In addition to solubilizing cholesterol in micelles, ursodiol acts by dispersing cholesterol as liquid crystals in aqueous media. (medscape.com)

Micelles represent a molecular assembly, in which the individual components are thermodynamically in equilibrium with monomers of the same species in the surrounding medium. (wikipedia.org)

The enhanced antitumor efficacy and reduced toxic effect of ethaselen-loaded polymeric micelle when compared with ethaselen-HP-β-CD inclusion were observed at the same dose in H 22 human liver cancer cell bearing mouse models. (springer.com)

4. Stuart M.C.A., Boekema E.J. Two distinct mechanisms of vesicle-to-micelle and micelle-to-vesicle transition are mediated by the packing parameter of phospholipid-detergent systems // Biochim. (medline.ru)

We show here that, whereas membrane-proximal helices of integrin alpha/beta cytoplasmic tails associate in cytoplasm-like aqueous medium, they become partially embedded into membrane-mimetic micelles when unclasped. (rcsb.org)
Membrane embedding induces substantial structural changes of the cytoplasmic tails as compared to their aqueous conformations and suggests there may be an upward movement of the membrane-proximal helices into the membrane during their separation. (rcsb.org)

Cross-section structure of rodlike sodium sulfopropyl octadecyl maleate micelles from small-angle neutron scattering. (mpg.de)

Octadecylrhodamine B as a Specific Micelle-Binding Fluorescent Tag for Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy Studies of Amphiphilic Water-Soluble Block Copolymer Micelles. (cas.cz)

Bioreducible cross-linked core polymer micelles enhance in vitro activity of methotrexate in breast cancer cells BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. (nottingham.ac.uk)

The GA-mPEG 2000 conjugates self-assembled to form nanosized micelles, with mean diameters of less than 50 nm, and a very narrow particle size distribution. (dovepress.com)
Upon cooling, the two different PFS BCPs compete for seeded growth on the surviving crystallites to form M (PFS-PI) - r -M (PFS-PDMS) - b -M (PFS-PI) - b -M (PFS-PDMS) - r -M (PFS-PI) triblock co-micelles. (nature.com)

This novel methodology was used for the individual and simultaneous quantification of DCF and ACT in both aqueous media and synthetic urine. (rsc.org)
Copolymer Micelles with Polyelectrolyte Shell in Aqueous Media. (cas.cz)

Inverse micelles have the head groups at the centre with the tails extending out (water-in-oil micelle). (wikipedia.org)

This type of micelle is known as a normal-phase micelle (oil-in-water micelle). (wikipedia.org)
This Purifying Micellar Water is composed of micelles that effectively capture impurities to clean and remove make-up from the face and eyes. (penntybio.com)
Micellar water gets its name from the micelles it contains. (penntybio.com)

Biocompatible Unimolecular Micelles Obtained via the Passerini Reaction as Versatile Nanocarriers for Potential Medical Applications: Biomacromolecules Biomacromolecules. (nottingham.ac.uk)

Fundamental studies of these core-crystalline micelles can deepen our general understanding of polymer crystallization and dissolution. (nature.com)

The researchers believed that the inability of the SCI micelles to contribute to SCI skin penetration and associated skin barrier perturbation is responsible for the observed skin mildness of SCI. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)

The studies demonstrated that an SCI micelle radius of 33.5 ± 1 Å, as determined using dynamic light-scattering measurements, showed significant steric hindrance and could not penetrate into the SC through aqueous pores with an average radius of 29 ± 5 Å. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
The MRD measurements were performed on BR solubilized in micelles of octyl glucoside. (lu.se)

Evidence of nearly rodlike micelles. (mpg.de)

The present invention relates to an aqueous system for coating low surface energy surfaces and to coated surfaces formed therefrom. (justia.com)

The mean diameter of ethaselen-loaded micelles ranged from 51 to 98 nm with a narrow size distribution and depended on the length of PLA block. (springer.com)

Chemicals and Drugs33

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes8

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture13

Information Science1

Critical micelle conce6

Surfactants9

Copolymers5

Amphiphilic block copolymer micelles1

Insoluble in aqueous media2

Surfactant11

Mixtures6

Vesicles3

Solubility5

Ionic micelles3

Polymers2

Micellar solutions1

Spherical1

Bilayer2

Solution9

Microemulsions1

Hydrophobic4

Solvent2

Dispersed phase1

Cationic1

Characterization2

Particles2

Bromide1

Hydration1

19951

Solutions9

CTAB1

Formation4

Lipid1

Nanoparticles1

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Molecular1

Antitumor1

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Cytoplasmic2

Sodium1

Fluorescence1

Vitro1

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Tails1

Water3

Nanocarriers1

Crystallization1

Penetration1

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