• Under normoxic conditions, prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) hydroxylate the cite-specific proline residues of HIF-1α in a reaction that uses O 2 as a substrate. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • This compound markedly decreased the hypoxia-induced accumulation of HIF-1α protein dose-dependently, whereas it did not affect the expressions of HIF-1β and topoisomerase-I (topo‑I). Furthermore, celastrol prevented hypoxia-induced expression of HIF-1 target genes for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and erythropoietin (EPO). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • this association is primarily based on the HIF-1-mediated regulation of genes that play pivotal roles in the central features of cancer pathogenesis such as angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis and anti-apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Target genes activated by hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) decrease the dependence of the cell on oxygen, whereas Ras, Myc, and Akt can also upregulate glucose consumption and glycolysis. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
  • John T, Pires E, Hester SS, Salah E, Hopkinson RJ, Schofield CJ Formaldehyde reacts with N-terminal proline residues to give bicyclic aminals. (le.ac.uk)
  • 3- 5 Therefore, during severe hypoxia or anoxia, the cell initiates a cascade of events that leads to apoptotic cell death, thereby preventing the accumulation of cells with hypoxia induced mutations. (bmj.com)
  • Markedly, we found that suppression of HIF-1α accumulation by celastrol correlated with strong dephosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its effectors, ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), pathways known to regulate HIF-1α expression at the translational level. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human GA Binding Protein Transcription Factor Alpha (GABPa) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids. (therabio.org)
  • Understanding the regulation of apoptosis during hypoxia and the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis might lead to more specific treatments for solid tumours. (bmj.com)
  • 7 Severe hypoxia in the presence of energy stimulates cells to undergo apoptosis, whereas oxygen levels above 0.5% prevent cell death. (bmj.com)
  • APOBEC3F apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3F: Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
  • BST2 bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (Tetherin): Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
  • Description: A competitive inhibition quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Human Transforming Growth Factor Beta 2 (TGFb2) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates or other biological fluids. (2sars.com)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Transforming Growth Factor Beta 2 (TGFb2) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids. (2sars.com)
  • Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Transforming Growth Factor Beta 2 (TGFb2) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (2sars.com)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Rat Apoptosis Inducing Factor (AIF) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids. (2sars.com)
  • Description: Quantitativecompetitive ELISA kit for measuring Rat growth differentiation factor 15(GDF15) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. (scalegen.com)
  • Description: This is Competitive Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Mouse Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids. (scalegen.com)
  • Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Mouse Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates. (scalegen.com)
  • Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Mouse Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates or other biological fluids. (scalegen.com)
  • Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1 Alpha from Human in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (wildpalm.net)
  • Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Rat Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha (HNF1A) in samples from serum, plasma, cell culture supernates, tissue homogenates. (wildpalm.net)
  • Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Fibroblast Growth Factor 7 from Pig in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (resourcerecovery.be)
  • Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Nuclear Factor Kappa B from Rat in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (resourcerecovery.be)
  • During hypoxia, an intricate balance exists between factors that induce or counteract apoptosis, or even stimulate proliferation. (bmj.com)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Mouse Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1 Alpha (HNF1a) in Tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids. (wildpalm.net)
  • Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Mouse Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1 Alpha (HNF1a) in samples from Tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (wildpalm.net)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Rat Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NFkB) in tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids. (resourcerecovery.be)
  • Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is the central mediator of cellular responses to low oxygen and vital to many aspects of cancer biology. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Mammalian cells have developed a range of adaptations to survive acute and even prolonged hypoxia. (bmj.com)
  • Hypoxia is a common phenomenon in solid tumours because impaired vascular function results in an inadequate blood supply. (bmj.com)
  • Celastrol showed a potent inhibitory activity against HIF-1 activation induced by hypoxia in various human cancer cell lines. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Exposure to a variety of growth factors has also been shown to increase HIF-1 activity in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • 1 Severe hypoxia causes a high mutation rate, resulting in point mutations, which may be explained by reduced DNA mismatch repair activity resulting from decreased MLH1 and PMS2 concentrations, which are caused by hypoxia. (bmj.com)
  • A hypoxic environment devoid of nutrients prevents the cell undergoing energy dependent apoptosis and cells become necrotic. (bmj.com)
  • Hypoxia reduces the ability of a cell to maintain its energy level, because less ATP will be obtained from glycolysis than from oxidative phosphorylation. (bmj.com)
  • The stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1):CXCR4 is important in myocardial repair. (omeka.net)
  • The severity of hypoxia determines whether cells become apoptotic or adapt to hypoxia and survive. (bmj.com)
  • Cells adapt to this environmental stress, so that after repeated periods of hypoxia, selection for resistance to hypoxia induced apoptosis occurs. (bmj.com)
  • Advantages (C-E). The altered metabolism of cancer cells is likely to imbue them with several proliferative and survival advantages, such as enabling cancer cells to execute the biosynthesis of macromolecules (C), to avoid apoptosis (D), and to engage in local metabolite-based paracrine and autocrine signaling (E). Potential Liabilities (F and G). This altered metabolism, however, may also confer several vulnerabilities on cancer cells. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
  • As the early tumor expands, it outgrows the diffusion limits of its local blood supply, leading to hypoxia and stabilization of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor, HIF. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
  • VHL, NF-1, c-Ret, and Succinate Dehydrogenase Subunits B and D act on a developmental apoptotic pathway that is activated when nerve growth factor (NGF) becomes limiting for neuronal progenitor cells and requires the EglN3 prolyl hydroxylase as a downstream effector. (nih.gov)
  • Using an unbiased shRNA screen we found that the kinesin KIF1Bbeta acts downstream from EglN3 and is both necessary and sufficient for neuronal apoptosis when NGF becomes limiting. (nih.gov)
  • Regulator of cardiomyocyte and neuronal apoptosis. (thermofisher.com)
  • Regulation of apoptosis by EglN3. (nih.gov)
  • EGLN3 is the most important isozyme in limiting physiological activation of HIFs (particularly HIF2A) in hypoxia. (thermofisher.com)
  • Cellular oxygen sensor that catalyzes, under normoxic conditions, the post-translational formation of 4-hydroxyproline in hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) alpha proteins. (thermofisher.com)
  • Their concerted action affects access of transcriptionally regulatory proteins to chromatin by nucleosome repositioning, recruitment of regulatory factors (i.e., scaffolding factors) and/or altered chromatin compaction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These interventions maintained hydroxylation of HIF-1α protein and prevented stabilization of HIF-1α protein during hypoxia. (rupress.org)
  • Antioxidants maintained hydroxylation of HIF-1α protein and prevented stabilization of HIF-1α protein during hypoxia. (rupress.org)
  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were first established from differentiated somatic cells by gene introduction of key transcription factors, OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC, over a decade ago. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As oxygen levels decrease in the surrounding environment (hypoxia), cells respond by activating hypoxia- inducible factor (HIF) dependent gene transcription to facilitate cellular adaptation to hypoxia. (rupress.org)
  • Transcriptional changes in hypoxic cancer cells are controlled by several well-understood hypoxia response pathways [ 12 - 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In hypoxia, FIH-1 hydroxylation of Asn803 within the C-terminal transactivation domain does not occur and HIF-1α forms a fully active transcriptional complex. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Expression of the SM-20 gene promotes death in nerve growth factor-dependent sympathetic neurons. (nih.gov)
  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are established by the introduction of reprogramming factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC) into somatic cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Redundancy analysis indicated total nitrogen (TN) and carbon fractions (POC, MBC and DOC) were the most important environmental factors affecting microbial metabolic activity and diversity in bauxite residue. (bvsalud.org)
  • Sympathetic neurons undergo apoptosis when deprived of nerve growth factor (NGF). (nih.gov)
  • Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α levels in invasive breast carcinoma have been shown to be an adverse prognostic indicator. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cytoplasmic FIH-1 expression was also an independent poor prognostic factor for disease-free survival. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present study investigates the role of FIH-1 in invasive breast carcinoma and its correlation with hypoxia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Its members are X factor (HEMIN) independent and variably dependent on V factor (NAD). (nih.gov)
  • Two mechanisms involving members of the Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases have been described to date. (biomedcentral.com)