• At autopsy, the coronary arteries and the aorta were sectioned longitudinally to permit evaluation of the extent of lipid deposition on the intimal surface, including the presence of fatty streaks and raised fibrous plaques. (aafp.org)
  • In correlating the extent of vascular lesions with antemortem risk factors, study results showed a positive and significant association with body mass index, systolic blood pressure (except for fibrous plaques in the aorta), diastolic blood pressure (except for fibrous plaques in the coronary arteries), total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels. (aafp.org)
  • Atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction are diffuse disease processes affecting coronary and peripheral arteries, hence, the physiological basis in assessing endothelium-dependent vasomotion in peripheral vessels. (escardio.org)
  • High cholesterol is the most commonly understood cause of atherosclerosis, a hardening of the arteries that raises the risk of heart attack and stroke. (wustl.edu)
  • The blood vessels were wide, there was no reason for a heart attack, but they were so affected by atherosclerosis that the arteries branching off from these blood vessels were blocked and the heart wasn't getting any blood which was why these patients were dying. (webofstories.com)
  • But blood usually travels from the aorta to the arteries. (webofstories.com)
  • A review of autopsy studies shows a correlation between atherosclerotic plaque burden in the thoracic aorta and coronary arteries. (hcplive.com)
  • Atherosclerosis is a disease of the arteries in which fatty material is deposited in the vessel wall, resulting in narrowing and eventual impairment of blood flow. (adam.com)
  • The aorta, like all arteries, is made up of three layers, which are fused together. (stlukesonline.org)
  • An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a localized bulging or abnormal enlargement of the abdominal aorta, most often the infrarenal and aorto-iliac arteries. (medtronic.com)
  • It was most commonly encountered in the aorta, iliac and femoral arteries and the arteries of the leg and less commonly in the coronary and carotid arteries. (medgadget.com)
  • Atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis is a condition in which patchy deposits of fatty material (atheromas or atherosclerotic plaques) develop in the walls of medium-sized and large arteries, leading to reduced or. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Abdominal Aortic Branch Occlusion Abdominal aortic branch occlusion is blockage or narrowing of one of the large arteries in the abdomen that come off of the aorta. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Filtration Rate less than 30 mL/ min / 1.73 m²), chronic lung diseases requiring constant intake of corticosteroids and bronchodilators, multifocal atherosclerosis (grade 3 chronic lower limb ischemia, stenosis of the carotid arteries more than 50%, prior and planned interventions on the abdominal aorta, carotid arteries or arteries of the lower extremities). (who.int)
  • The distribution of the systemic arteries is like a ramified tree, the common trunk of which, formed by the aorta, commences at the left ventricle, while the smallest ramifications extend to the peripheral parts of the body and the contained organs (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • The brachiocephalic trunk is the largest branch of the arch of the aorta and divides into the right common carotid and right subclavian arteries. (medscape.com)
  • Usually, 9 pairs of posterior intercostal arteries arise from the aorta. (medscape.com)
  • These patterns and forces are used to identify the presence and severity of cardiovascular diseases such as aortic aneurysm and atherosclerosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) represents aneurysmal dilatation of the ascending thoracic aorta, the aortic arch, or the descending thoracic aorta, or a combination of these locations. (medscape.com)
  • Aortic aneurysm is defined as a localized or diffuse dilatation of more than 50% normal diameter of the aorta. (medscape.com)
  • Contrast CT scans rapidly and precisely evaluate the thoracic and abdominal aorta to determine the location and extent of the aneurysm and the relation of the aneurysm to major branch vessels and surrounding structures. (medscape.com)
  • An aortic aneurysm is a bulge in the wall of the aorta. (epnet.com)
  • An aortic aneurysm is caused by weakness in the walls of the aorta. (epnet.com)
  • Surgery called (aneurysmectomy) -Part of the aorta (with the aneurysm) is removed. (epnet.com)
  • Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) of the abdominal aorta is performed using an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) stent graft. (medtronic.com)
  • The AAA stent graft is inserted into the aneurysm through small incisions in the groin and without surgically opening or removing part of the aorta, thereby offering an alternative treatment choice to open surgery. (medtronic.com)
  • A proximal aneurysm of the aorta is seen (5 x 4 cm), with focal rupture and hemopericardium (not shown). (medscape.com)
  • 3. Concomitant interventions on the heart (coronary artery bypass grafting, coronary heart disease treatment, surgical reconstruction of a left ventricular aneurysm) and thoracic aorta. (who.int)
  • Endothelial dysfunction is an early marker of atherosclerosis and levels of vascular relaxation are an indicator of endothelial health. (escardio.org)
  • A trait of vascular fragility, characterized by the formation of abrupt defects within the elastic laminae of the abdominal aorta, has been identified in Brown Norway (BN) rats. (mcw.edu)
  • In conclusion, we here demonstrate that although disruption of PD-1 signaling enhances both pro- and anti-atherogenic T cell responses in Ldlr(-/-) mice, pro-inflammatory T cell activation prevails and enhances dyslipidemia, vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • The authors found that thoracic and abdominal aortas responded differently to atherosclerotic progression and regression. (hcplive.com)
  • Together, these findings might lead to widespread prevention of atherosclerosis - in its preclinical stage, which would have a major global health impact. (escardio.org)
  • One of the most common causes of CVDs is hypercholesterolemia, and an increase in serum LDL-C and TC are the most important risk factors for the development of inflammatory insult, damage to the vessel wall, platelet activation, and subsequent progression of atherosclerosis [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The etiology of atherosclerosis is unknown, but there are multiple factors that contribute to atherosclerotic plaque progression. (medscape.com)
  • Long-term studies in adults have determined that the progression of atherosclerosis is related to the presence of specific risk factors that reinforce each other over time if not treated. (aafp.org)
  • Over the past two decades, its role in the initiation, progression, and clinical sequelae of atherosclerosis has been both increasingly studied and recognised (1). (escardio.org)
  • Gathering of lipids within arterial walls is the hallmark feature in atherosclerosis that leads to fatty streak and formation of lipid-foam cells in the intima of an artery, which ultimately gets hardened and forms plaque, thereby causing artery constriction and hardening resulting in full blockage in later stages [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • During atherosclerosis, the narrowing of the arterial lumen is observed through the accumulation of bio compounds and the formation of plaque within artery walls. (springer.com)
  • Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease, with a characteristic increase in lipid accumulation, inflammation, and plaque formation within the arterial walls [ 1 ]. (springer.com)
  • Atherosclerosis plaques preferentially develop at arterial branches and curvatures under low and oscillatory or even static shear stress induced by disturbed blood flow as opposed to in straight parts, featuring protective unidirectional pulsatile shear stress [14] , [15] . (plos.org)
  • The researchers also selectively reduced the protein in the arterial walls of mice, and this further reduced the risk of atherosclerosis. (wustl.edu)
  • We are just beginning to appreciate the key components of atherogenesis and why atherosclerosis preferentially affects certain arterial beds. (hcplive.com)
  • Arterial specimens from the Pathobiological Deter­min­ants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) study showed fatty streaks and raised lesions localized to the dorsal region of the infrarenal abdominal aorta, which preceded atheromatous in­volvement of the thoracic aorta. (hcplive.com)
  • Repaired coarctation of the aorta is associated with premature atherosclerosis and an increased risk of cardiovascular events even in normotensive subjects. (nih.gov)
  • The reflected pressure wave returned to the ascending aorta earlier in the coarctation group (p=0.007) and the tension time index (TTI) was increased (p=0.03). (nih.gov)
  • [ 1 ] It is the most common disease of the thoracic aorta requiring surgical treatment. (medscape.com)
  • Conclusions: An atherosclerotic ascending aorta is an important predictor of postoperative renal dysfunction, possibly because atheroembolism to the kidneys occurs in the perioperative period (ie, during surgical manipulation of an atherosclerotic aorta) or because the diseased aorta may be a marker of widespread atherosclerotic disease that may predispose to perioperative renal dysfunction. (wustl.edu)
  • The relationship between atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease is complex. (aafp.org)
  • Coral reef aorta is a rare type of atherosclerotic disease that causes severe calcification in the abdominal aorta. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Objectives: Renal dysfunction occurring after cardiac operations has been attributed to various factors, but the importance of an atherosclerotic thoracic aorta has not been previously evaluated. (wustl.edu)
  • The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of postoperative renal dysfunction (50% or more increase from preoperative values) and to evaluate the importance of atherosclerosis of the ascending aorta as a predictor of this complication. (wustl.edu)
  • The term atherosclerosis is derived from the Greek "athero," meaning gruel, or wax, corresponding to the necrotic core area at the base of the atherosclerotic plaque, and "sclerosis" for hardening, or induration, referring to the fibrous cap of the plaque's luminal edge. (medscape.com)
  • The prevalence of raised fibrous plaque lesions in the aorta increased with age, reaching 60 percent in persons 26 to 39 years of age. (aafp.org)
  • In animal models, we found that the protein induced atherosclerosis and promoted unstable plaque," Jung said. (wustl.edu)
  • En­rolling these patients may have blunted the effects observed on plaque burden and morphology. (hcplive.com)
  • The aortic valve allows blood to flow from the left ventricle to the aorta. (cdc.gov)
  • The aorta commences at the upper part of the left ventricle. (medscape.com)
  • The diagnosis of aortic dissection by standard transthoracic echocardiography is based on detecting intimal flaps in the aorta. (medscape.com)
  • Typically, an aortic dissection occurs in the section of the aorta that leaves the heart and curves down through the chest. (stlukesonline.org)
  • Treatment of symptomatic coral reef aorta by endovascular stent-graft placement. (thieme-connect.com)
  • 8 Myouchin K, Takayama K, Wada T, Taguchi H, Tanaka T, Kichikawa K. Treatment of coral reef aorta by endovascular VIABAHN VBX balloon-expandable stent-graft placement. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Treatment of symptomatic coral reef aorta with an uncovered stent graft. (thieme-connect.com)
  • 15 Isoda R, Morita I, Mano M, Ishida A. Balloon-expandable stent graft for coral reef aorta. (thieme-connect.com)
  • En face co-immunostaining of the mouse aortic arch revealed a low level of PDCD4 in endothelial cells undergoing pulsatile shear stress. (plos.org)
  • In the thoracic aorta, a diameter of 3 cm or greater is generally considered aneurysmal, although the average size of surgically corrected aneurysms is over 5cm. (medscape.com)
  • Most surgically resected TAAs involve the ascending aorta. (medscape.com)
  • The endovascular intervention with stents is a viable alternative method and, in many cases, constitutes the first choice for the treatment of coral reef aorta. (thieme-connect.com)
  • 5 Le Bars F, Charbonneau E, Leurent G, Kaladji A. First report of endovascular treatment of symptomatic coral reef aorta in the aortic arch. (thieme-connect.com)
  • 14 Gatta E, Berretta P, Pagliariccio G, Schiavon S, Carbonari L. Emergency endovascular treatment of coral reef aorta with an unconventional technique. (thieme-connect.com)
  • The use of a commercially available endovascular filter catheter (Capturex ® ) for thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in a patient with a coral reef aorta. (thieme-connect.com)
  • The hemodynamics of the aorta is an ongoing field of research in which the goal is to identify what flow patterns and subsequent forces occur within the thoracic aorta. (wikipedia.org)
  • The etiology of TAA depends on the site of its occurrence in the aorta. (medscape.com)
  • Berenson and colleagues report the findings from the Bogalusa Heart Study, which examined the influence of multiple cardiovascular risk factors on the extent of atherosclerosis in young people. (aafp.org)
  • As the path starts to curve in the ascending aorta, the blood towards the outside of the arch tends to rotate towards the inner wall, causing a helical pattern that is observed in most individuals. (wikipedia.org)
  • Helical flow within the ascending aorta and aortic arch help to reduce flow stagnation and increase oxygen transport. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) can involve the aortic root, ascending aorta, arch, descending aorta, or a combination of these locations. (medscape.com)
  • At the union of the ascending aorta with the aortic arch, the caliber of the vessel is increased. (medscape.com)
  • CFD models allow for researchers to recreate flows happening within the aorta and evaluate factors that cannot be obtained through normal patient scans. (wikipedia.org)
  • Atherosclerosis shows no symptoms until a complication occurs. (adam.com)
  • CT scans usually show dilation of the aorta, an intimal flap, and both the false and true lumina. (medscape.com)
  • However, smokers did have a greater mean percentage of intimal surface area involvement for both coronary vessels and the aorta. (aafp.org)
  • Coral reef" atherosclerosis of the suprarenal aorta: a unique clinical entity. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Certainly, for secondary prevention, the results from 2 pivotal trials, the Reversal of Atherosclerosis with Aggressive Lipid Lowering (REVERSAL) study and the Pra­vastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and In­fection Therapy (PROVE-IT) trial, suggest that higher doses achieve greater clinical outcomes. (hcplive.com)
  • I tell him this and this, and I tell him that the blood needs to flow from the aorta into the veins to which he says, 'I don't have any theoretical basis for this, that and the other. (webofstories.com)
  • Arai Y, Hirose N, Yamamura K, Kimura M, Murayama A, Fujii I, Tsushima M. Long-term effect of lipid-lowering therapy on atherosclerosis of abdominal aorta in patients with hypercholesterolemia: noninvasive evaluation by a new image analysis program. (bvs.br)
  • Atherosclerosis of the ascending aorta was assessed during the operation (with epiaortic ultrasound), and patients were divided into 3 groups according to its severity (normal-to-mild, moderate, and severe). (wustl.edu)