• The stimulus properties of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and several related compounds were compared to those of (+)-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and mescaline (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenylethylamine) in a two-lever, water-reinforced, drug discrimination task. (erowid.org)
  • 5 Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA). (nrc.gov)
  • Two weeks after multiple doses (10 mg/kg) of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) or its N-methylated derivative, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), selective and dramatic decreases were observed in regional brain tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) activities, and in corresponding concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and its primary metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA). (erowid.org)
  • The substance 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a popular recreational stimulant commonly referred to as ecstasy, which was manufactured legally in the 1980s. (medscape.com)
  • [ 2 ] MDMA has the desired effects of euphoria, high energy, and social disinhibition lasting 3-6 hours. (medscape.com)
  • 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a recently popularized recreational drug, although some have advocated its psychotherapeutic potential. (erowid.org)
  • Since the pharmacology of MDMA is largely uncharacterized, the stereochemical profiles of MDMA and some of its homologs were derived on inhibition of synaptosomal uptake of [3H]monoamines and compared to those of amphetamine and the hallucinogenic phenylisopropylamine 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM). (erowid.org)
  • In contrast to the 5-fold stereoselectivity observed with amphetamine, only the S-(+) enantiomer of MDMA and 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) inhibited [3H]dopamine uptake into striatal synaptosomes. (erowid.org)
  • Neither stereoisomer of the alpha-ethyl homolog of MDMA, N-methyl-1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-butanamine (MBDB), inhibited [3H]dopamine uptake. (erowid.org)
  • The two stereoisomers of amphetamine and the MDMA-related compounds were equipotent in inhibiting [3H]norepinephrine uptake into hypothalamic synaptosomes. (erowid.org)
  • Both stereoisomers of MDMA, MDA and MBDB were potent inhibitors of [3H]serotonin uptake into hippocampal synaptosomes, but only S-(+)-amphetamine produced an appreciable inhibition of [3H]serotonin uptake. (erowid.org)
  • These results suggest that MDMA and its homologs may be more closely related to amphetamine rather than to DOM in their biochemical mode of action. (erowid.org)
  • 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) modulates cortical and limbic brain activity as measured by [H215O]-PET in healthy humans. (researchgate.net)
  • Recent work with noninvasive human brain imaging has started to investigate the effects of 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on large-scale patterns of brain activity. (researchgate.net)
  • AIMS: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, commonly called ecstasy) is a synthetic compound increasingly popular as a recreational drug. (mdma.net)
  • Body fluids were analysed for the determination of MDMA and its main metabolites 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-methamphetamine (HMMA) and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-amphetamine (HMA). (mdma.net)
  • Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATSs) are synthesized psychoactive substances such as amphetamine (AMP), methamphetamine (METH), and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). (chromatographyonline.com)
  • Hernández, A. MDMA (3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine) Analogues as Tools to Characterize MDMA-Like Effects: An Approach to Understand Entactogen Pharmacology . (isomerdesign.com)
  • Trace amounts of street samples of cocaine hydrochloride and N-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxy-amphetamine (MDMA) on natural and synthetic textiles were successfully detected in situ using confocal Raman microscopy. (lincoln.ac.uk)
  • p-Chloroamphetamine (PCA), 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) and d-fenfluramine pretreatment attenuates d-fenfluramine-evoked release of 5-HT in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Previous work has suggested that repeated treatment with substituted amphetamines including PCA, MDMA and d-fenfluramine produces a persistent neurodegeneration which is relatively selective for the fine serotoninergic terminals arising from the dorsal raphe nucleus. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This study compared the toxic effects of oral versus subcutaneous and single versus multiple doses of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on central serotonergic neurons in non-human primates. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Ecstasy, or MDMA (3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is a synthetic drug that is chemically similar to the stimulant methamphetamine and the hallucinogen mescaline. (drugs-and-users.org)
  • Other drugs that are chemically similar to MDMA, such as MDA (methylenedioxyamphetamine, the parent drug of MDMA) and PMA (paramethoxyamphetamine, associated with fatalities in the United States and Australia), are sometimes sold as Ecstasy. (drugs-and-users.org)
  • However, the media have largely been referring to Ecstasy - the street name for this drug - as the treatment in this trial, rather than MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine). (maps.org)
  • When Ecstasy boomed in popularity in the early 1980s, it tended to consist of pure MDMA, or sometimes its chemical sister MDA (3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine). (maps.org)
  • Chemically, MDMA is similar to the stimulant amphetamine and the hallucinogen mescaline. (emsaonline.com)
  • Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) are drugs chemically similar to MDMA. (emsaonline.com)
  • MDMA can produce a significant increase in heart rate and blood pressure and a sense of alertness like that associated with amphetamine use. (emsaonline.com)
  • "Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of ring-methylated derivatives of 3,4-(methylenedioxy)amphetamine (MDA)" J Med Chem . (erowid.org)
  • Amphetamine-related psychiatric disorders are conditions resulting from intoxication or long-term use of amphetamines or amphetamine derivatives. (medscape.com)
  • DMMDA was the first of the tetraoxygenated amphetamine derivatives that was ever explored in man, back in 1962. (drugwiki.net)
  • 4 Methylenedioxymethamphetamine. (nrc.gov)
  • From the cooled filtrate, there was obtained 9.3 g of 2,5-dimethoxy-3,4-methylenedioxy-1-propenylbenzene, isoapiole, as pale cream-colored solids. (drugwiki.net)
  • A stirred solution of 8.8 g 2,5-dimethoxy-3,4-methylenedioxy-1-propenylbenzene and 3.9 g pyridine in 45 mL acetone was cooled to ice-bath temperatures, and treated with 7.9 g tetranitromethane. (drugwiki.net)
  • The steady increase in its usage adhered to the restriction of the comparable yet much more potently psychedelic 3,4-methylenedioxy-amphetamine (MDA) in 1970. (sapage.shop)
  • The weight of the liquid containing traces of the above controlled substances can be used if 4 or more fluid ounces. (cjglawoffice.com)
  • 3. To set forth the standards and regulations associated with the possession, consumption, service and distribution of illegal controlled substances at the University. (nyu.edu)
  • Wang, D. Dummy molecularly imprinted polymers-agarose gel mixed matrix membrane for extraction of amphetamine-type stimulants in wastewater and urine. (chromatographyonline.com)
  • Chiral analysis of amphetamine-type stimulants using reversed-polarity capillary electrophoresis/positive ion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. (ncats.io)
  • These were removed by filtration, Et2O-washed, and air dried, to give 2.9 g of 2,5-dimethoxy-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine hydrochloride (DMMDA) that melted in the 165-175 °C range. (drugwiki.net)
  • CAS Number 6292-91-7] d,I-MDA.hydrochloride, also known as 3,4 Methylenedioxyamphetamine, is a member of the amphetamine family. (lipomed-shop.com)
  • Beschreibung d,l-MDA.HCl Product reference number MDA-79-HC Full chemical name 1-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)propan-2-amine.hydrochloride Formula C10H13NO2.HCl Molecular weight 215.68 CAS Number 6292-91-7 DEA No. 7400 CI Supplied as hydrochloride salt App. (lipomed-shop.com)
  • The leaves of the tree are chewed, extracting the active ingredient, cathinone, and producing the desired effects of euphoria and, unlike other amphetamines, anesthesia. (medscape.com)
  • Three psychoactive amphetamine congeners were evaluated for their ability to cause long-term changes in several neurochemical parameters indicative of central serotonergic function. (erowid.org)
  • 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine ( MDA or Tenamfetamine ), is a psychedelic hallucinogenic drug and empathogen/entactogen of the phenethylamine family. (wikidoc.org)
  • 3,4-Ethylidenedioxyamphetamine (EIDA) is a substituted derivative of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), which was developed by David Nichols and coworkers, in the course of research to determine the bulk tolerance around the benzodioxole portion of the MDA molecule. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, the N-ethylated derivative of MDA, N-ethyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDE), was much less potent in its ability to lower brain hydroxyindoles, and in most regions examined did not significantly affect TPH activity. (erowid.org)
  • GC-MS method after mixed-mode solid-phase extraction (SPE) and derivatization with heptafluorobutyric anhydride (HFBA) is presented for quick and reliable screening as well as identification and quantification of amphetamines and amphetamine derived designer drugs in urine. (nel.edu)
  • Scientists from Dalian Maritime University in Dalian, China, are testing a new amphetamine-type stimulant extraction system on wastewater and urine samples (1). (chromatographyonline.com)
  • Amphetamines use and abuse can be determined by urine screening. (utak.com)
  • Screening for and validated quantification of amphetamines and of amphetamine- and piperazine-derived designer drugs in human blood plasma by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. (ncats.io)
  • Either prescription or illegally manufactured amphetamines can induce these disorders. (medscape.com)
  • Prescription amphetamines are used frequently in children and adolescents to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and they are the most commonly prescribed medications in children. (medscape.com)
  • a) Within three (3) working days after the Primary Election, the prospective candidate must undergo testing for illegal drugs and prescribed medication for which they do not have a valid prescription. (lcotribe.com)
  • Although there is some debate, the duration of the drug is now generally believed to be roughly 6 to 10 hours(In the late 90s, Alexander Shulgin changed his opinion of the duration to 3-6 hours). (wikidoc.org)
  • 1) Write-in candidates who receive the necessary votes to be moved to the General Election must first meet the prerequisites and have a negative drug test pursuant to ELE.1.5.030(a)(1)-(3) and ELE.1.5.060 prior to being added to a ballot for the General Election. (lcotribe.com)
  • The QuickScreen 9308ZNA Drug Test Cup also comes with 3-Test Adulteration Strips attached in the cup, allowing for the detection of adulterants in the test sample. (countrywidetesting.com)
  • MDMA's effects last approximately 3 to 6 hours, though confusion, depression, sleep problems, anxiety, and paranoia have been reported to occur even weeks after the drug is taken. (emsaonline.com)
  • 4. Alphacetylmethadol (except levo-alphacetylmethadol, also known as levo-alpha-acetylmethadol, levomethadyl acetate, or LAAM). (flsenate.gov)
  • 3 Alternate technology (THC and 6-AM): The confirmatory tests cutoff must be used for an alternate technology initial test that is specific for the target analyte ( i.e. , 2 ng/mL for THC, 2 ng/mL for 6-AM). (nrc.gov)
  • The effects typically last up to 4 hours, depending on the dosage. (emsaonline.com)
  • The measurement of calibration dependence allowed to determine the extent of linearity in the concentration range from 10 to 2,000 ng/ml for all amphetamines except AMP and for all amphetamine-derived designer drugs with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.98. (nel.edu)
  • The symptoms of amphetamine-induced psychiatric disorders can be differentiated from those of related primary psychiatric disorders by time. (medscape.com)
  • If symptoms do not resolve within 2 weeks after the amphetamines are discontinued, a primary psychiatric disorder should be suspected. (medscape.com)
  • CTE is graded I-III or 1, 2A, and 3 depending on symptoms. (crimsonpublishers.com)
  • and (3) Application of technological innovations (such as virtual reality, mobile apps, (remote)sensing) in dual and triple diagnosis. (researchgate.net)
  • The contamination appears to be much more extensive in the United States as the new most acquainted type is currently powder called "Molly" in the US and also "Mandy" in the UK, which can be blended at any type of level- by the maker or any dealership en route. (sapage.shop)
  • III and 3 have neurological deficits with associated changes in imaging, specifically brain atrophy or lack of other neurological etiology. (crimsonpublishers.com)