• The Dakin oxidation can occur in mild acidic conditions as well, with a mechanism analogous to the base-catalyzed mechanism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Through systematic enzyme engineering, combining enzyme-directed evolution and rational design, we changed the optimal pH of the laccase for oxidation of lignin phenols from acidic to basic, enhanced the catalytic activity at alkaline pH and increased the thermal tolerance of the enzyme by accumulating up to eight mutations in the protein sequence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Deprotonation of the second peroxidic oxygen would prevent [1,2]-aryl migration because the lone oxide anion is too basic to be eliminated (2). (wikipedia.org)
  • To evaluate an oxidative response in different organs, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activity were evaluated in fruit and leaves. (frontiersin.org)
  • Amtolmetin increases the level of antioxidant enzymes in gastric mucosa, such as super-oxidants (SOD), catalase, glutathione, while reducing the level of super-oxide anion, peroxide or nitrite peroxide chloride and malonic dialdehyde. (rusmedicines.cc)
  • The Dakin oxidation (or Dakin reaction) is an organic redox reaction in which an ortho- or para-hydroxylated phenyl aldehyde (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde or 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde) or ketone reacts with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in base to form a benzenediol and a carboxylate. (wikipedia.org)
  • The hydroperoxide anion is a more reactive nucleophile than neutral hydrogen peroxide. (wikipedia.org)
  • Consequently, oxidation accelerates as pH increases toward the pKa of hydrogen peroxide and hydroperoxide concentration climbs. (wikipedia.org)
  • PMID- 214394 TI - Mechanism of aromatic hydroxylation : the kinetic mechanism & the involvement of superoxide anions in the reaction catalyzed by m-hydroxybenzoate-4-hydroxylase from Aspergillus niger (UBC-814). (nih.gov)