• The blastula develops into a structure called a gastrula through a process called gastrulation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Animals are generally considered to be multicellular organisms that are capable of locomotion in response to their environment (motile), are required to ingest or eat and swallow other organisms to gain proper nutrition (heterotropic), contain within each cell genetic material organized as two sets of chromosomes within a membrane-bound nucleus ( eukaryotic ), develop through a blastula (hollow ball) stage, and integrate muscle tissue, nervous tissue, and collagen into their body. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Gastrulation is defined as an early developmental process in which an embryo transforms from a one-dimensional layer of epithelial cells (blastula) and reorganizes into a multilayered and multidimensional structure called the gastrula. (swirlzcupcakes.com)
  • The characteristic features of metazoans are the consumption of organic material, breathing oxygen, ability to move, sexual reproduction, and growth from a hollow sphere of cells known as blastula during embryonic development while the characteristic features of eumetazoans are the presence of true tissues, neurons, and an embryo that goes through a gastrula stage. (pediaa.com)
  • The blastula follows the morula and precedes the gastrula in the developmental sequence. (virtualflybrain.org)
  • Gastrulation is a key event in animal embryogenesis during which germ layer precursors are rearranged and the embryonic axes are established. (nature.com)
  • Gastrulation movements are orchestrated by a small, heterogeneous group of cells with inductive and morphogenetic properties located in the dorsal lip of the blastopore (DBL) of the amphibian gastrula known as the Spemann-Mangold organizer or dorsal organizer. (nature.com)
  • Is gastrulation unique to animals? (swirlzcupcakes.com)
  • The specific details of gastrulation are different in different animal species, but the general process includes dramatic movement of cells across and inside the embryo. (swirlzcupcakes.com)
  • Molecular characterization of the gastrula in the turtle Emys orbicularis: an evolutionary perspective on gastrulation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In order to test this hypothesis and gain insight into the emergence of the unique characteristics of amniotes during gastrulation, we have performed the first molecular characterization of the gastrula in a reptile, the turtle Emys orbicularis. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Gastrula-specific genes, nanos and brachyury , presented an expression profile indicating gastrulation occurs early in embryogenesis. (onshorelobsteraquaculture.com.au)
  • The embryo then transforms into the next stage of development, the nature of which varies between different animal species (examples of possible next stages include a fetus and a larva). (wikipedia.org)
  • In animals, the process involves a sperm fusing with an ovum, which eventually leads to the development of an embryo. (wikipedia.org)
  • Xnr2 expression was expanded into the animal marginal zone of the embryo in comparison to the control embryo (arrow). (xenbase.org)
  • In some lower animals the amount of yolk is less in egg, so that the embryo hatches in earlier stages of development, called a larva. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • All higher and intermediate animals (i.e. from flatworms to humans develop from a triploblastic embryo , in contrast to other organisms (e.g. cnidaria) that develop from a diploblastic embryo. (biologyonline.com)
  • Interestingly, before the establishment of the preplacodal region, Xfoxi1a expression is detected in the entire cephalic non-neural ectoderm at the mid- and late gastrula stages. (biologists.com)
  • In Xenopus , the specification of the pronephric anlage occurs in the late gastrula/early neurula (stage 12). (silverchair.com)
  • This fact, and the accessibility of Xenopus to genetic manipulation, makes this animal an excellent model system with which to study kidney development. (silverchair.com)
  • The present study focuses on the role of Xfoxi1a particularly at the gastrula stages. (biologists.com)
  • The animal pole is to the top for the early stages, and anterior is to the top later, except for the two animal polar (AP) views shown below their side view counterparts for germ-ring and shield gastrulas. (ucsd.edu)
  • The animal pole is to the top for the early stages, and anterior is to the top later, except for the two animal polar (AP) views show. (ucsd.edu)
  • The animal pole is to the top for the early stages, and anter. (ucsd.edu)
  • The expression of neuropeptides was reported across P. ornatus embryos, suggesting they are primarily active during the later stages of embryogenesis as the nervous system develops and the animal prepares to hatch. (onshorelobsteraquaculture.com.au)
  • Because cleavage is impeded in the vegetal pole, there is an uneven distribution and size of cells, being more numerous and smaller at the animal pole of the zygote. (wikipedia.org)
  • Throughout the great range of sizes, many animal species reproduce through a sexual interaction between male and female partners in which one set of chromosomes from each parent fuse to form a zygote that develops into a new individual. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Holoblastic cleavage occurs in animals with little yolk in their eggs, such as humans and other mammals who receive nourishment as embryos from the mother, via the placenta or milk, such as might be secreted from a marsupium. (wikipedia.org)
  • Meroblastic cleavage occurs in animals whose eggs have more yolk (i.e. birds and reptiles). (wikipedia.org)
  • In holoblastic eggs, the first cleavage always occurs along the vegetal-animal axis of the egg, and the second cleavage is perpendicular to the first. (wikipedia.org)
  • Xnr2 expression is expanded into the animal marginal zone on the side in which XFD RNA alone had been injected (left side of the embryos in this picture, arrows), while the expression is decreased or eliminated on the other side in which Xbra RNA had been injected together with XFD RNA (right side of the embryos in this picture, arrowheads). (xenbase.org)
  • Two-cell stage albino embryos were injected unilaterally into the animal hemisphere of one blastomere with 10-20 ng of XMeis3 MO. (xenbase.org)
  • A) Two-cell stage albino embryos were injected unilaterally into the animal hemisphere of one blastomere with 100 pg of RNA encoding the HoxD1 antimorph protein. (xenbase.org)
  • The temporal and spatial expression patterns of ccl19.L and ccl21.L tended to show an inverse correlation, except that the expression level was higher in the dorsal side at the gastrula stage. (bvsalud.org)
  • For example, even at the dorsal sector of the gastrulae, ccl19.L was expressed in the axial region and ccl21.L was expressed in the paraxial region. (bvsalud.org)
  • At 10 hpf, the germ ring and the embryonic shield were formed, indicating the stage of early gastrula. (bioone.org)
  • Studies using an inducible Xfoxi1a construct ( GR-Xfoxi1a ) show that the ventralizing function of Xfoxi1a is confined to the gastrula stage. (biologists.com)
  • This image is in the Gastrula period at the 8 hour 75% epiboly stage. (ucsd.edu)
  • In both these animals the simple elongation of the gastrula is the first step in the change to the cylindrical shape. (edu.au)
  • Using genome and transcriptome mining, we confirmed the presence of sall genes in a range of additional animal taxa, for which their presence had not yet been described. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is now evident that patterning in the animal/vegetal axis also needs to be taken into consideration. (wikigenes.org)
  • He forwarded the germ layer theory which states that "various structures of the body arise from the same germ layers in different species of animals" . (biologydiscussion.com)
  • The animal hemisphere of the egg cortex contains dark-brown pigment granules, giving it a dark brown color, while the vegetal pole appears whitish with fewer pigment granules. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Animals are eukaryotic (genetic material is organized in membrane-bound nuclei) and multicellular (comprised of more than one cell), which separates them from bacteria and most protists . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • The main difference between Metazoa and Eumetazoa is that Metazoa is a group of multicellular animals excluding Porifera ( sponges ) whereas Eumetazoa is a group of multicellular animals excluding Porifera and Placozoa . (pediaa.com)
  • Metazoa and Eumetazoa are two taxonomic groups of multicellular animals. (pediaa.com)
  • Metazoa is a group of organisms comprising of multicellular animals excluding sponges. (pediaa.com)
  • Eumetazoa is a group of multicellular animals excluding both sponges and placozoans. (pediaa.com)
  • Metazoa refers to a major division of the animal kingdom that comprises all animals other than protozoans and sponges while Eumaazoa refers to a group of multicellular animals excluding the Porifera (sponges) and Placozoa. (pediaa.com)
  • Triploblasty can be seen in multicellular animals, particularly, flatworms (Phylum Platyhelminthes), mollusks (Phylum Mollusca), arthropods (Phylum Arthropoda), and chordates (Phylum Chordata). (biologyonline.com)
  • The gastrula then undergoes further development, including the formation of organs (organogenesis). (wikipedia.org)
  • This prewave pulse appears to arise predominantly from the animal pole region, others however appear to emerge nearly simultaneously over large regions of the blastoderm. (ucsd.edu)
  • The germinal vesicle or nucleus is located near the animal pole of the egg. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Depending on the animal species, the process can occur within the body of the female in internal fertilization, or outside in the case of external fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
  • The remaining animals, the good majority-comprising some 29 phyla and over a million species-form a clade, the Bilateria. (exoticpetsnews.xyz)
  • All of this jargon means they are animals whose major body parts consist of modified polyps. (ronshimek.com)
  • This evidence, however, did not entirely convince him of the organism's identity because during his observations he noticed the polyp moved in a step-by-step fashion, much like an inchworm, ultimately persuading him to think of the polyps as animals rather than plants. (asu.edu)
  • Animals that are not triploblastic are some invertebrates like sponges (Phylum Porifera) and cnidarians (Phylum Cnidaria). (biologyonline.com)
  • Further taxon sampling is critical to understand the evolution and diversification of this protein and its functional roles in animals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Most animals (at least 99%) have a bilaterally symmetric body plan. (exoticpetsnews.xyz)
  • These are simple animals that are symmetrical bilaterally and have three essential germinal layers of cells. (biologyonline.com)
  • For a long time, living organisms were divided only into the animal kingdom (Animalia) and the plant kingdom (Plantae). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • These were distinguished based on such characteristics as whether the organisms moved, had body parts, and took nourishment from the outside (animals), or were stationary and able to produce their own food by photosynthesis (plants). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • However, many organisms remained difficult to classify as plant or animal, and seemed to fit both, or neither, kingdom. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • It is more common in single celled organisms, some plants and animals. (iitianacademy.com)
  • Although scientifically humans are animals, in everyday usage, animal often refers to any member of the animal kingdom that is not a human being , and sometimes excludes insects (although including such arthropods as crabs). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • The common distinction made between animals and humans likely reflects the special status people accord themselves as the pinnacle of the natural world, and indeed stewards of creation, and the fact that humans also are defined in religious, spiritual, moral, social, and psychological terms. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • From flatworms to humans, all animals are triploblastic. (biologyonline.com)
  • Humans are the supreme example of triploblastic animals. (biologyonline.com)
  • He embarked on a series of experiments to determine if the creature was an animal or a plant. (asu.edu)
  • Organization and Assembly of Plant and Animal Extracellular Matrix presents a state-of-the-art view of some of the experimental systems in plant and animal matrix biology. (elsevier.com)
  • The book goes on to address the issue of protein-carbohydrate recognition with a detailed discussion of plant and animal lectins. (elsevier.com)
  • This book will be of help to workers in plant and animal matrix in understanding information, approaches, and ideas that they may not normally encounter. (elsevier.com)
  • Which form of reproduction might be used by a sexually reproducing animal that has limited mobility? (texasgateway.org)