Angiogenesis islets of langerhans. Medical search. Frequent questions

Our metabolic research focuses on the physiology of the endocrine pancreas, the islets of Langerhans, through which insulin secretion occurs. (tu-dresden.de)
Activation of PKD1 in isolated pancreatic islets from p38δ knockout mice elevates insulin secretion and promotes pancreatic β cell survival [8]. (opioid-receptors.com)
In the last years higher attention focused on the role of immunoregulation both in the insulin production by β-cell of Langerhans-islets and in the insulin sensitivity (resistance) of insulin receptors. (biobran.org)
Activation stimulates insulin release from the islet β-cells in a glucose-dependent manner and suppresses glucagon secretion from islet α-cells. (tocris.com)
The pancreatic β-cells, which produce insulin in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans play a central role in the pathogenesis of most forms of the disease. (openaccessjournals.com)
Also, the available treatments are not curative, nor do they prevent the long-term clinical complications that result from the chronic hyperglycemia and metabolic alterations due to the altered balance between the islet hormones, notably insulin and glucagon. (openaccessjournals.com)
The islets are also of different sizes and shapes, and contain various types of endocrine (a‑glucagon-producing cells, β-insulin-producing cells, d‑somatostatinproducing cells, e‑ghrelin-producing cells and pancreatic polypeptide- producing cells), and nonendocrine cells (endothelial cells, connective and immune cells). (openaccessjournals.com)

This as well as other observations, showing that islet resident macrophages promote beta cell proliferation suggest that islet macrophages are likely important contributors to the function of the pancreatic islet. (wikipedia.org)
GLP-1 receptors are found both centrally (hypothalamus and brainstem) and peripherally (pancreatic islet cells, stomach and heart). (tocris.com)

Pancreas Macrophage Islet of Langerhans Microglia Calderon, B (2016). (wikipedia.org)
the functional connection between the intestine and the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. (tocris.com)
Still, the imaging of native islets, and specifically of β-cells, within the in situ pancreas remains a sizable challenge, owing to a number of anatomical, cellular and physiological factors which converge to complicate image acquisition and analysis. (openaccessjournals.com)
Thus, several different methods are being investigated to determine which approach, or combination thereof, capable of sufficient tissue penetration to reach the human pancreas in the native abdominal location, could provide a sufficient resolution and fast operating acquisition to visualize individual islets of Langerhans. (openaccessjournals.com)
The essential problem is the dispersed and minute nature of the targeted pancreatic islets (in a 70 kg human, a 100 g pancreas contains approximately 106 pancreatic islets, where β-cells are located, which collectively represent no more than 1-2% of the volume of an adult pancreas, i.e., approximately 1 g wet weight tissue or ~109 cells). (openaccessjournals.com)

Islet resident macrophages are uniquely found within the endocrine tissue (islet), while nearby in the nearby acinar tissue, macrophages express a different repertoire of CD (cluster of differentiation) markers and come from a different developmental origin. (wikipedia.org)

In this context, we investigate regulatory mechanisms of vascular tone, cardio-vascular remodeling, endothelial barrier function and angiogenesis. (tu-dresden.de)
She is particularly known for her work on mechanisms of vascular endothelial eicosanoid generation and recent studies have identified biological roles for novel fatty acid metabolites in vascular repair and angiogenesis. (rvc.ac.uk)

This clinical cancer strategy incorporates advancements in cancer treatment based on a multi-approach to the disease that includes targeting apoptosis, immune cell activation, angiogenesis, restoration of cellular respiration, inhibition of inflammatory mediators, not mentioning some secondary factors such as intoxication, disturbed microbiome, and nervous disorders. (biobran.org)

Knockout mice for the CSF-1 gene cause islets to be devoid of resident macrophages. (wikipedia.org)

Myc is a highly pleiotropic transcription factor that governs cell expansion by coordinating diverse cellular processes, including proliferation, dedifferentiation, biosynthetic metabolism, cell growth, and angiogenesis ( Dang, 2012 ). (life-science-alliance.org)

PKD2 is definitely indicated in acinar cells and in islets but its functions are not characterized [3]. (opioid-receptors.com)

They do this by presenting beta cell derived peptides using MHC II receptors to T-cells in the islet. (wikipedia.org)

As opposed to macrophages in the islet stroma (tissue), whose developmental origin is from the yolk sac (primitive hematopoiesis), islet resident progenitors come from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) of the definitive hematopoiesis. (wikipedia.org)

some cancer treatments work by blocking angiogenesis, called antiangiogenesis, with the goal of slowing or preventing tumor growth. (letswinpc.org)

Calycosin promotes angiogenesis involving estrogen receptor and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in zebrafish and HUVEC. (uchicago.edu)

Impaired angiogenesis in diabetic critical limb ischemia is mediated by a miR-130b/INHBA signaling axis. (harvard.edu)
A miRNA/CXCR4 signaling axis impairs monopoiesis and angiogenesis in diabetic critical limb ischemia. (harvard.edu)

Once activated, T-cells stimulate the adaptive immune system, which leads to the destruction of pancreatic islets due to an autoimmune response. (wikipedia.org)
These cells function in a paracrine manner, stimulating surrounding cells and promoting angiogenesis. (cellr4.org)

Islet resident macrophages are the predominant myeloid cell of the pancreatic islets of langerhans. (wikipedia.org)
The islet resident macrophage was first identified in 1979 as an antigen-presenting cell (APC), which expresses major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs). (wikipedia.org)
Here, we describe how only the lack of the receptor Fzd9, previously identified as a Myc transcriptional target, impairs sustained tumor expansion and β-cell dedifferentiation in a mouse model of Myc-driven insulinoma, allows pancreatic islets to maintain their physiological structure and affects Myc-related global gene expression. (life-science-alliance.org)

The role of pancreatic macrophages were later shown to play an important role in type 2 diabetes as well, by contributing to islet inflammation. (wikipedia.org)

Islet resident macrophages depend on the expression of colony stimulating factor (CSF1). (wikipedia.org)

MetAP2, a member of the dimetallohydrolase family upregulated in certain tumor cell types, plays a key role in angiogenesis, proliferation and survival. (nih.gov)
Due to their role in angiogenesis, coagulation, and inflammatory responses, these cells are invaluable for studying vascular-related diseases, such as cardiovascular disorders and inflammation-associated conditions. (accegen.com)

However, the usefulness of FGF-2 in an islet transplantation setting has not yet been explored. (elsevierpure.com)
We therefore evaluated the effect of FGF-2 on both islet culture and islet transplantation. (elsevierpure.com)
Gelatinized FGF-2 (100 ng), which allowed the controlled release of FGF-2, was used for islet transplantation of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. (elsevierpure.com)
In contrast, the transplantation of islets without FGF-2 supplementation showed poor revascularization and failed to control the blood glucose levels in the diabetic mice. (elsevierpure.com)
Intrahepatic islet transplantation is a promising β-cell replacement strategy for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. (frontierspartnerships.org)
To date, pancreas transplantation is more frequently used in clinical practice than islet transplantation, although it has more important surgical procedures. (frontierspartnerships.org)
Indeed, islet transplantation is an easy and poorly invasive procedure that avoids post-surgery burdensome effects on patients ( 10 ). (frontierspartnerships.org)
Islet transplantation has a high success rate in alleviating hypoglycemic events and improving the quality of life of patients. (frontierspartnerships.org)
However, only a small percentage of recipients acquire insulin independence after intrahepatic islet transplantation. (frontierspartnerships.org)
The inability to achieve long-term function of the intrahepatic islet graft must be sought 1) in the inflammatory processes in the peri-transplantation phase, leading to early graft loss, 2) in the missed prompt vascularization, and 3) in allo-immune reaction and autoimmune recurrence ( 14 - 16 ). (frontierspartnerships.org)
In particular, instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR) leads to a loss of approximately 50%-70% of the total infused islet mass within the first few hours to days after transplantation. (frontierspartnerships.org)
Furthermore, the delay in functional graft vascularization dangerously exposes islets to hypoxic stress and lack of nutrients for at least 2 weeks after transplantation, causing islet cell death and apoptosis ( 19 ). (frontierspartnerships.org)
However, several obstacles still exist to the implementation of clinical islet cell transplantation as a standard therapy. (tdl.org)
This finding could help improve the current strategy used in clinical islet transplantation. (tdl.org)
We hypothesized that following transplantation, the inflammatory environment will specifically alter gene expression in transplanted islets, and also will induce surface expression of HLA-class II molecules. (tdl.org)
Together these data suggest that in the context of hepatic portal vein transplantation, islet cells contribute to the innate and adaptive immune response during the peri-transplant period resulting in islet destruction. (tdl.org)

16. Hyperplasia and tumors of the islets of Langerhans in mice bearing an elastase I-SV40 T-antigen fusion gene. (nih.gov)

The use of gelatinized FGF-2 facilitated revascularization and favorable islet engraftment, thus resulting in an amelioration of the blood glucose levels in diabetic mice. (elsevierpure.com)
Instant blood-mediated inflammatory reactions, acute inflammatory storm, and graft revascularization delay limit islet engraftment in the peri-transplant phase, hampering the success rate of the procedure. (frontierspartnerships.org)
Growing evidence has demonstrated that islet engraftment efficiency may take advantage of several bioengineering approaches aimed to recreate both vascular and endocrine compartments either ex vivo or in vivo . (frontierspartnerships.org)

Studies on reshaping either the endocrine cellular composition or the islet microenvironment have been largely performed, focusing on a single building block element, without, however, grasping that their synergistic effect is indispensable for correct endocrine function. (frontierspartnerships.org)

Prolonged nintedanib treatment of Rip1Tag2 mice has led to a strong suppression of angiogenesis, accompanied by a reduced tumor burden, which translated into a significant prolongation of survival. (aacrjournals.org)

This review focuses on major therapeutic categories including somatostatin analogs (SSAs), radiolabeled SSAs, cytotoxic drugs, angiogenesis inhibitors, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors. (medscape.com)

These obstacles include a shortage of donor pancreata, an imperfect islet isolation procedure, significant loss of islets during the peri-transplant period, and islet toxicity of immunosuppressive drugs. (tdl.org)
namely, identification of factors affecting the islet isolation, and understanding the mechanism involved in the peri-transplant loss of islets. (tdl.org)

Knockout mice for the CSF-1 gene cause islets to be devoid of resident macrophages. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast to the possible supportive role within the islet, these specialized macrophages are also required for the initiation of the adaptive immune response during type 1 diabetes (T1D) in mice. (wikipedia.org)

As a unique population in terms of developmental origin, these resident macrophages have a unique phenotype in which they are long lived, self-renew locally, and stay confined within the islet parenchyma. (wikipedia.org)

These endothelial cells line blood vessels and play pivotal roles in diverse physiological processes, including angiogenesis, coagulation, lymphocyte trafficking, and the inflammatory response. (accegen.com)

Islet cells were treated with control or type 1 diabetic serum. (tdl.org)
Islets treated with diabetic serum demonstrated specific induction of multiple genes reported to have secondary roles in angiogenesis while inhibiting transcription of genes with protective attributes against environmental stresses. (tdl.org)

Revascularization around the islet grafts was examined. (elsevierpure.com)

The role of pancreatic macrophages were later shown to play an important role in type 2 diabetes as well, by contributing to islet inflammation. (wikipedia.org)
Using a combination of mouse genetics and cell culture systems, we have shown that endoglin is essential for cardiovascular development, is dynamically regulated during angiogenesis, and that depletion of endoglin in the context of an angiogenic trigger (such as developmental angiogenesis or inflammation) leads to arteriovenous malformations, a major clinical feature of HHT disease. (ncl.ac.uk)

Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by islet amyloid polypeptide provides a mechanism for enhanced IL-1β in type 2 diabetes. (nature.com)

The formation of new blood vessels, angiogenesis, is an essential developmental process that is also a target for treating many major diseases. (ncl.ac.uk)

15. Induction of angiogenesis during the transition from hyperplasia to neoplasia. (nih.gov)
Islet cells were treated with IFNγ and TNFα and analyzed for HLA class II induction by real-time PCR analysis, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescent imaging.Cytokine treated islets demonstrated significantly upregulated HLA class II gene transcription and surface expression. (tdl.org)

Once activated, T-cells stimulate the adaptive immune system, which leads to the destruction of pancreatic islets due to an autoimmune response. (wikipedia.org)
This, in turn, could cause anti-donor response resulting in islet destruction. (tdl.org)

To balance this intrinsic procedure limitation, a high number of islets are infused, with at least 10000 islets equivalents (IEQ)/kg body weight generally obtained from two or three donor pancreata, increasing the overall organ demand ( 20 , 21 ). (frontierspartnerships.org)
The aim of this study is the establishment of the necessary protocols, the evaluation of the organ structure and the analysis of the islet functionality ex vivo . (experimental-surgery.de)

Islets (150 IEQ), obtained from a single donor, mixed with gelatinized FGF-2. (elsevierpure.com)

Evidence for induced expression of HLA class II on human islets : possible mechanism for HLA sensitization in transplant recipients. (tdl.org)

The importance of the TGFbeta family of ligands in regulating angiogenesis and cardiovascular development was established in human genetic studies where inherited mutations in several TGFbeta receptors leads to congenital cardiovascular abnormalities. (ncl.ac.uk)

Islets infused via the bile duct could histologically be found in the parenchymal space. (experimental-surgery.de)

For years, scientists largely ignored the lymphatic system, instead focusing on blood vessels and their growth process, called angiogenesis. (the-scientist.com)

Importantly, islet transplant recipient serum showed increased binding and cytotoxicity specifically directed against cytokine treated islets. (tdl.org)

Comparison of varying CIT and several factors that determine the quantity and quality of islets obtained from 52 isolations was performed. (tdl.org)

Here, increasing angiogenesis can re-establish the blood supply to minimise heart damage. (ncl.ac.uk)

Initial analysis was centered on the effect of cold ischemia time (CIT) on the islet isolation outcome. (tdl.org)

This analysis showed that CIT of less than four hours significantly improved islet isolation results. (tdl.org)

Anatomy43

Organisms16

Diseases33

Chemicals and Drugs93

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment38

Phenomena and Processes34

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Insulin7

Pancreatic islet2

Pancreas5

Endocrine1

Vascular2

Activation1

Knockout1

Proliferation1

Acinar1

Receptors1

Tissue1

Tumor growth1

Promotes1

Critical2

Cells2

Cell3

Important1

Expression1

Role in angiogenesis2

Transplantation16

Tumors1

Engraftment3

Microenvironment1

Rip1Tag21

Somatostatin1

Peri-transplant2

Mice2

Parenchyma1

Inflammatory1

Diabetic2

Revascularization1

Inflammation2

Diabetes1

Developmental1

Induction2

Destruction2

Organ2

Donor1

Mechanism1

Human1

Found1

Process1

Showed increased1

Quality1

Blood1

Effect1

Hours1