• Eelgrass (Zostera marina) characteristics, sediment grain size distributions, sediment total organic carbon contents (TOC), carbon isotope ratios of sediment organic matter, and total carbon to total nitrogen ratios were measured at four lower intertidal sites in Bellingham Bay, Washington, July 2-5, 2019. (usgs.gov)
  • Analysis of stable isotope ratios from mineralised tissue has been widely used for dietary reconstruction. (springer.com)
  • Bogaard A, Hodgson J, Nitsch E et al (2016) Combining functional weed ecology and crop stable isotope ratios to identify cultivation intensity: a comparison of cereal production regimes in Haute Provence, France and Asturias, Spain. (springer.com)
  • Diet of Australopithecus robustus at Swartkrans deduced from stable carbon isotope ratios. (wikipedia.org)
  • 3. Under laboratory conditions, H. convergens carbon isotope ratios, 13C, changed after its food supply was shifted from a C4- to a C3-based diet of aphids produced on grain sorghum or cotton respectively. (tamu.edu)
  • Final isotope ratios of adult H. convergens were closer to that of the new C3-based diet, with most change in 13C occurring within 3 days after the diet shift. (tamu.edu)
  • 4. The carbon isotope ratios of lady beetle adults collected in cotton fields suggested that grain sorghum was a continuous source for H. convergens until many nearby sorghum fields matured and senesced. (tamu.edu)
  • 5. When cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) prey were absent, carbon isotope ratios of beetle populations did not change over time and virtually no egg production by H. convergens was detected. (tamu.edu)
  • 6. With cotton aphids present, beetle isotope ratios decreased towards the carbon isotope ratio of cotton, indicating adult feeding in cotton. (tamu.edu)
  • As a result, egg masses produced had carbon isotope ratios in the C3 range of values. (tamu.edu)
  • Trophic fractionation and the effects of diet switch on the carbon stable isotopic "ratios" of pelagic consumers. (limnology-journal.org)
  • Using the whiskers, researchers could do a stable isotope analysis to examine carbon nitrogen ratios. (nps.gov)
  • The use of stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios will help determine these trophic linkages. (nova.edu)
  • Instead, they precisely measure carbon isotope ratios. (icr.org)
  • Experts must therefore convert the isotope ratios into "ages" using a series of formulas. (icr.org)
  • What is an isotope, and what is isotopic analysis? (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • If you're a keen reader of science news , you may have seen the words "isotope" or "isotopic analysis" pop up in a few wildly different articles. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • Her doctoral thesis, titled "Stable carbon isotopes in deep time: the diets of fossil fauna and hominids," was completed in 1989 and demonstrated a method by which to significantly increase the applicable time-span of carbon isotopic analysis by using the mineral form of calcified animal tissue (apatite) as the sample material instead of traditionally used collagen. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study underlines the potential of isotopic analysis for studies on diet and habitat selection within a pure C(3) plant environment. (nih.gov)
  • An isotopic analysis of megalithic graves and caves in Spain may suggest the existence of a degree of differentiation in the lifeways of people buried in these different funerary sites, according to a study published September 27, 2017 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Teresa Fernández-Crespo and Rick Schulting from the University of the Basque Country, Spain, and the University of Oxford, UK. (eurekalert.org)
  • The researchers' isotopic analysis of both megalithic graves and caves suggests a similar C3 plant-based human diet, mostly consisting of wheat and barley, as well as a substantial amount of protein from cattle and sheep. (eurekalert.org)
  • Several questions remain about the use of bulk calculus as a source of carbon and nitrogen isotope data, however. (uv.es)
  • This fractionation enables the use of stable nitrogen isotopes (δ 15 N) to infer trophic level, and high δ 15 N recorded in bone collagen usually indicates high-protein diets (Sponheimer et al. (springer.com)
  • In particular, the high δ 15 N of the immature birds in the northeastern area seems to be caused by feeding on 15 N rich diets in the eastern tropical Pacific, off Peru and California, during the northward migration, where occurrence of denitrification with a high nitrogen isotope fractionation factor of up to 1.04 is well known. (int-res.com)
  • Site-specific natural isotope fractionation by NMR. (chipsbooks.com)
  • Stable isotopes of carbon (δ13C), sulfur (δ34S), oxygen (δ18O), hydrogen (δ2H), nitrogen (δ15N), and radioactive isotope of hydrogen (tritium) have been applied in combination with conventional techniques (chemical) to investigate Karachi coastal water pollution due to Layari and Malir rivers, which mainly carry the domestic and industrial wastewater of Karachi Metropolitan. (intechopen.com)
  • Carbon-14 ( 14 C), the only naturally existing radioactive isotope of carbon, is of special interest for dose assessments related to releases from the nuclear industry as it is the radionuclide that dominates the calculated dose to man. (lu.se)
  • Bronk Ramsey C (2009) Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates. (springer.com)
  • Aside from radiocarbon dating and stable isotope analysis, Beta Analytic also promoted the geochemical fingerprinting services of its subsidiary, Isobar Science. (radiocarbon.com)
  • Elemental (Total Organic Carbon TOC and Total Organic Nitrogen), isotopic (C and N), pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating were integrated on this work. (usp.br)
  • The team extracted and sent for radiocarbon analysis small seeds from the track-bearing sediments. (icr.org)
  • In three months, I was able to collect grain-size, TN/TC/TOC/TIC, biogenic Silica, C/N isotopes, biomarkers and radiocarbon data. (eawag.ch)
  • Wood anatomical analyses of small samples, such as charcoal fragments, are also performed at the laboratory, and microscopic analyses for species determination can be combined with age determination at the radiocarbon dating laboratory , which is also hosted by the Department of Geology. (lu.se)
  • De Souza CR, Maroco JP, dos Santos TP, Rodrigues ML, Lopes CM, Pereira JS, Chaves MM (2005) Impact of deficit irrigation on water use efficiency and carbon isotope composition (δ 13 C) of field-grown grapevines under Mediterranean climate. (springer.com)
  • Peculiarities in the stable isotope composition of organisms from an alpine lake. (limnology-journal.org)
  • Factors controlling seasonal variations in stable isotope composition of particulate organic matter in a soft water eutrophic lake. (limnology-journal.org)
  • Stable isotope composition (delta(13)C and delta(15)N) of moose (Alces alces) and caribou (Rangifer tarandus) hair from the boreal forest of Jacques-Cartier Park and Cote-Nord (Quebec) and arctic tundra of Queen Maud Gulf and Southampton Island (Nunavut) was investigated as an indicator of dietary preferences and habitat use. (nih.gov)
  • Variations in temperature, moisture and a number of other environmental properties may be recorded as changes in ring width but also, for example, as changes in the stable carbon- and oxygen-isotope composition of wood samples. (lu.se)
  • In total at least 50 samples will be analysed for the content of 14 C using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) and of gamma emitting radionuclides. (lu.se)
  • 2018 Strontium isotope analysis on cremated human remains from Stonehenge support links with west Wales. (wikipedia.org)
  • Additionally, the human samples have higher stable isotope differences, in comparison with faunal samples, than would be expected within the food web, particularly for δ 13 C. This human bone collagen δ 13 C enrichment may reflect a diet rich in aquatic protein intake, which is also supported by δ 34 S archived in human and faunal samples, and the presence of oysters and cockles shells at the excavation. (springer.com)
  • Bone collagen δ 15 N can also be used to analyse access to freshwater resources, as organisms in these ecosystems exhibit higher δ 15 N than those in terrestrial ecosystems (van Klinken et al. (springer.com)
  • Carbon isotope analysis of fossil bone apatite. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dental calculus is not equivalent to bone collagen for isotope analysis: a comparison between carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of bulk dental calculus, bone and dentine collagen from same individuals from the Medieval site of El Raval (Alicante, Spain). (uv.es)
  • Palaeodietary reconstruction using the carbon and nitrogen isotope values of bone and dentine collagen is a well-established method and the biochemical processes involved are well known. (uv.es)
  • Researchers have recently explored using bulk samples of dental calculus as a substitute for bone and dentine collagen in dietary analyses, because calculus can be sampled without causing damage to the teeth, and may be useful in situations where more destructive analyses are not possible, or where collagen is poorly preserved. (uv.es)
  • Here we report the comparison of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses of bulk calculus to those from bone and dentine collagen. (uv.es)
  • Salazar García, Domingo Carlos Richards, M.P. Nehlich, O. Henry, A.G. 2014 Dental calculus is not equivalent to bone collagen for isotope analysis: a comparison between carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of bulk dental calculus, bone and dentine collagen from same individuals from the Medieval site of El Raval (Alicante, Spain). (uv.es)
  • Dietary Stable Isotope Analysis (carbon and nitrogen) of bone collagen reveals aspects of past diet. (york.ac.uk)
  • During my undergraduate studies began to specialise in zooarchaeology, analysing the animal bone assemblage from the early Anglo-Saxon cemetery site at Oakington, Cambridge. (york.ac.uk)
  • To further investigate the meaning behind different burial practices within the same location and period, the authors of the present study analyzed the bone collagen carbon and nitrogen isotope measurements of 166 individuals from a series of broadly contemporary Late Neolithic (3500 to 2900 cal BC) mortuary monuments and caves, closely situated together in north-central Spain. (eurekalert.org)
  • A commercial interface coupling liquid chromatography (LC) to a continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry (CF-IRMS) instrument was used to determine the d13C of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in natural waters. (hal.science)
  • The DSIM-CRDS system permits the analysis of limited volume (5 - 100-ml) samples ranging six orders-of-magnitude from 100% analyte to the lower limit of instrument detection (2 ppm). (usgs.gov)
  • Based on wet chemical oxidation of dissolved organics the LC/IRMS interface allows the on-line injection of small volumes of water samples, an oxidation reaction to produce CO2 and gas transfer to the isotope ratio mass spectrometer. (hal.science)
  • In flow injection analysis (FIA) mode, bulk DOC d13C analysis was performed on aqueous samples of up to 100 mL in volume in the range of DOC concentration in fresh waters (1-10 mg C.L-1). (hal.science)
  • The lab also offers stable isotope analysis - δ13C and δ15N for non-cremated bones and other materials, δ18O for carbonates, as well as δ2H + δ18O and δ17O for water samples. (radiocarbon.com)
  • Analysis of conodont samples from the outcrop and core is ongoing. (confex.com)
  • Undertaking a multiple isotope study of these inclusions is now possible, owing to my recent success in significantly improving mass spectrometer detector amplifier technology that led to an order of magnitude improvement in precision for isotope analyses of small samples. (europa.eu)
  • UW's Stable Isotope Facility recently received an NSF contract to analyze soil samples for the entire NEON network across the United States. (uwyo.edu)
  • The University of Wyoming Stable Isotope Facility (SIF) is now the go-to laboratory to analyze soil samples from all across the country. (uwyo.edu)
  • All soil samples are being sent to UW for carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis. (uwyo.edu)
  • New technology introduced to the Canadian Center for Isotopic Microanalysis at the University of Alberta (Canadian Foundation for Innovation) allows fine-scale (1-30 microns) in situ sampling of isotopes within samples (i.e., hair and claws). (kansascityzoo.org)
  • Water Isotope Analyzer is capable of analyzing all of th e samples that are generated by vacuum distillatio n. (scirp.org)
  • Using this optimized clean up method and carbon isotope analysis, thirty-one samples were screened. (bvsalud.org)
  • Environmental samples (such as crops, water, and aerosols) are part of our analysis. (lu.se)
  • In the past year at Cosmos alone, we've mentioned isotopes in articles on geology , astronomy , palaeontology , nuclear science , history , ecology and chemistry . (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • Lee-Thorp is most well known for her work on dietary ecology and human origins, using stable isotope chemistry to study fossil bones and teeth. (wikipedia.org)
  • Roberts P., N. Perera, O. Wedage, S.Deraniyagala, J. Perera, S. Eregama, M.D. Petraglia, J.A. Lee-Thorp (2018) Fruits of the Forest: human stable isotope ecology and rainforest adaptations in Late Pleistocene and Holocene (c. 36 to 3 ka) Sri Lanka. (wikipedia.org)
  • The use of stable isotope analyses in freshwater ecology: current awareness. (limnology-journal.org)
  • Carbon isotope stratigraphy of the St. Clair from an outcrop near Dongola Hollow and from the Schlamer #1 core, both located in Alexander County, Illinois, reveals the presence of the Ireviken (early Sheinwoodian) and Mulde (middle to upper Homerian) carbon isotope excursions. (confex.com)
  • Isotopes are usually referred to with a number that adds their protons and neutrons together - so the neutron-less hydrogen is called 1 H to denote its single proton, while the heaver version is 2 H to indicate there's a neutron there as well. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • Hydrogen isotopes. (chipsbooks.com)
  • This study is the first of its kind to analyse carbon, nitrogen and sulphur stable isotope data from skeletons of the eleventh-seventeenth centuries in Portugal. (springer.com)
  • Richards and Hedges 1999 ), especially when combined with carbon isotope data. (springer.com)
  • Here we report Sm-Nd isotope data from 26 individual garnet inclusions from 26 harzburgitic diamonds from Venetia, South Africa. (nature.com)
  • Radiogenic isotope studies of inclusions in combination with compositional data can constrain the conditions and timing of diamond growth, and provide fundamental information about the tectono-magmatic processes that led to the formation and modification of the lithospheric keels that underlie the oldest parts of the Earth's continents 1 . (nature.com)
  • To provide constraints on how the tectono-magmatic conditions responsible for harzburgitic diamond formation may have evolved over time, and assess the possible temporal evolution of the Earth's carbon cycle, we present coupled major and trace element and Sm-Nd isotope data for 26 individual garnet inclusions extracted from 26 individual peridotitic diamonds from Venetia, which were also measured for their carbon isotope compositions. (nature.com)
  • The isotope data indicate that the Ireviken and Mulde are stratigraphically adjacent, suggesting that the middle Wenlock is extremely condensed or missing in these sections. (confex.com)
  • The analysis of NHANES 2003-2004 laboratory data must be conducted with the key survey design and basic demographic variables. (cdc.gov)
  • Data analyses will include single and multiple analyses of variance (ANOVA, MANOVA), and non-parametric statistics. (nova.edu)
  • The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. (eurekalert.org)
  • Our results demonstrate that data generated with a family-specific kit do not necessarily have more power than those obtained with a universal kit, but that data generated with different targeted sequencing kits can often be merged for downstream analyses. (frontiersin.org)
  • I learnt the advanced data analysis techniques and the ways of writing a research article according the standard of international peer-reviewed journals. (eawag.ch)
  • I gained a thorough understanding of the RANAS model, data analysis and interpretation, and preparing a scientific manuscript for publication. (eawag.ch)
  • A site in mid-western Sweden contaminated with chlorinated solvents originating from a previous dry cleaning facility, was investigated using conventional groundwater analysis combined with compound-specific isotope data of carbon, microbial DNA analysis, and geoelectrical tomography techniques. (lu.se)
  • She is Head of the Stable Light Isotope Laboratory and Professor of Archaeological Science and Bioarchaeology at the University of Oxford. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2. Stable carbon isotopes were used in complementary laboratory and field studies to examine colonisation behaviour of an ephemeral agricultural habitat by the lady beetle, Hippodamia convergens Gurin-Mneville. (tamu.edu)
  • Urine specimens are processed, stored, and shipped to the Division of Environmental Health Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for analysis. (cdc.gov)
  • Here we present the results of stable carbon isotope ( δ 13 C) analysis on charred crop seeds from the Bronze Age site of Kaymakçı in western Anatolia. (springer.com)
  • Stable isotope analysis (N and C) of fossil cereal grains is regularly explored as a means of obtaining insights to past crop growing conditions and agricultural practices. (lu.se)
  • Seasonal changes in the importance of the source of organic matter to the diet of zooplankton in Loch Ness, as indicated by stable isotope analysis. (limnology-journal.org)
  • Researchers can learn about how much the plant breathes by checking its carbon isotopes. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • When writing about isotopes, researchers tend to use numbers to distinguish them. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • Analysis of organic traces preserved in ancient Australian rocks - among Earth's oldest - revealed a "perfect snapshot" of microbial life 3.5 billion years ago, the researchers said in a statement . (livescience.com)
  • With the help of DNA analyses, in 2014 researchers were able to reveal that these farmers arrived as immigrants from the Middle East. (lu.se)
  • Measurements of naturally occurring stable isotopes in animal tissues can be used to monitor the diets of wide-ranging species, such as polar bears, that cannot be directly observed. (kansascityzoo.org)
  • Elemental Lab proudly uses products from Elemental Microanalysis in our analysis processes. (elementallab.co.uk)
  • The elemental analyzer produces carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas, which are analyzed for carbon and nitrogen isotopes in an isotope ratio mass spectrometer. (uwyo.edu)
  • The resulting isolates were then analyzed using elemental analyzer-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA-IRMS) to measure δ13C values. (bvsalud.org)
  • The objective of our pilot study was to determine whether ultrafine elemental carbon particles translocate to the liver and other extrapulmonary organs following inhalation as singlet particles by rats. (cdc.gov)
  • Stable isotope tracing of temporal and spatial variability in organic matter sources to freshwater ecosystems. (limnology-journal.org)
  • Detailed knowledge about how climate and human activities influence the sources and sinks of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane is needed in order to make the informed and effective decisions needed for combating climate change. (lu.se)
  • [14] Either carbon dioxide levels were much higher at the time, providing enough of a greenhouse effect to warm the Earth, or other greenhouse gases were present. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, the study surprisingly reveals significant carbon isotope differences between people interred in both funerary site-types. (eurekalert.org)
  • Using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of human and animal remains, our study has identified meaningful differences between those buried in caves and megalithic graves in the Late Neolithic of north-central Spain," says Teresa Fernández-Crespo. (eurekalert.org)
  • Using stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen preserved in these two tissues, we will examine ecosystem dynamics relative to sea ice conditions, climate indices, and population trends. (kansascityzoo.org)
  • LUCCI was a research centre at Lund University devoted to studies of the carbon cycle and how it interacts with the climate system. (lu.se)
  • Working together in a creative cross-disciplinary environment, our goals are to increase the understanding of how the carbon cycle and climate system function and interact, and to disseminate our findings to society. (lu.se)
  • Although progress has been made in our understanding of the carbon cycle and climate there are several fundamental science questions that remain unanswered and that are pivotal for an increased understanding of the Earth System as well as for our ability to predict future changes through modeling. (lu.se)
  • Mapping the DOC d13C spatial distribution at the plot scale was made possible by this fairly quick method (10 min for triplicate analyses) with little sample manipulation. (hal.science)
  • Reconstructing the diet of the early hominid Australopithecus africanus using 13C/12C analysis. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is not yet clear how much of an individual¿s life span dental calculus represents, what portions of the diet it records, and how diagenesis effects the carbon and nitrogen isotope values of this material. (uv.es)
  • We will explore the utility of using stable isotopes to understand changes in the distribution, diet, and migration patterns of polar bears in the Southern Beaufort Sea. (kansascityzoo.org)
  • The procedure involves enzymatic hydrolysis of urine, extraction, derivatization and analysis using capillary gas chromatog-raphy combined with high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS). (cdc.gov)
  • 13C by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. (cdc.gov)
  • Beta particle ( ionizing radiation ) - a charged particle emitted from the nucleus of certain unstable atomic nuclei (radioactive isotopes), having the charge and mass of an electron. (cdc.gov)
  • This lag may have been facilitated by the expansion of DNA and protein phylogenies established for living organisms, while paleontology was assumed to be limited to morphological analyses. (mdpi.com)
  • The aerosols were analysed for their Pb isotopic compositions, ð¹³C values and trace element abundance. (bl.uk)
  • During my stay with the Sedi-team I received an amazing training in lab work to do geochemical analyses on sediments. (eawag.ch)
  • The San Juan Bay Estuary, Puerto Rico, contains mangrove forests that store significant amounts of organic carbon in soils and biomass. (usgs.gov)
  • This is all backed up by chemical analyses, including organic carbon isotope analysis clearly pointing to biomass," he said. (livescience.com)
  • We return to our previous questions to find new answers with the help of osteological methods - DNA and isotope analyses", says Torbjörn Ahlström, Professor of Historic Osteology. (lu.se)
  • There are also some trace amounts of other isotopes of silicon). (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • Thus, when trace element characteristics and C and Pb stable isotopes ore used in conjunction the sources of elements may be characterised. (bl.uk)
  • Results: The results show that large carbon isotope fractionations occurred for the both terminal and central carbons within propane during pyrolysis. (authorea.com)
  • The isotope fractionations during the pyrolysis are reproducible at optimum conditions, but vary between the two GC-Py-GC-IRMS systems tested, affected by experimental conditions (e.g., pyrolysis temperature, flow rate, and reactor conditions). (authorea.com)
  • This study also highlights a need of PS isotope standards for propane and other molecules. (authorea.com)
  • Araus JL, Febrero A, Buxó R et al (1997) Identification of ancient irrigation practices based on the carbon isotope discrimination of plant seeds: a case study from the south-east Iberian Peninsula. (springer.com)
  • image: A megalithic graves analysed (Chabola de la Hechicera), and in the background, the Cantabria mountain range, where the caves included in the study are located. (eurekalert.org)
  • A 2021 study had assigned an age of about 22,000 carbon years to sediments that hold mammoth, giant sloth, and human footprints found in the ancient Lake Otero Basin. (icr.org)
  • 2 This newer study measured the carbon isotope ratio in seeds of the same plant, but these were harvested and archived in 1947. (icr.org)
  • By applying this huge offset found in recent seeds to the ice age seeds, the 2022 study authors argued that the carbon ages assigned in 2021 were vastly inflated. (icr.org)
  • MicroRNA sequencing was used to study the effect of CSP on the miRNA expression profile of NAFLD rats, and the target genes of differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs were predicted for further function enrichment analysis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Methods of analysis. (chipsbooks.com)
  • NHANES uses several methods to monitor the quality of the analyses performed by the laboratories. (cdc.gov)
  • AOAC INTERNATIONAL brings together government, industry, and academia to establish standard methods of analysis that ensure the safety and integrity of foods and other products that impact public health around the world. (aoac.org)
  • We will also use more conventional methods of whole hair and nail analysis to develop monitoring methods for polar bear population status. (kansascityzoo.org)
  • However, methods such as enrichment factors and principal component analysis can crudely discriminate between various sources of an element such as Pb. (bl.uk)
  • These analyses have been performed on individuals from the El Raval Mudéjar Medieval Cemetery (Eastern Iberia, 15th century A.D.). Although calculus isotope values may be broadly similar to expected values at the population level, we report here no correlation between collagen and bulk dental calculus values at the individual level. (uv.es)
  • Carbon comes in three isotopes, and the rarest of the three has an unstable nucleus. (icr.org)
  • This isn't an Earth-specific thing, either - some US scientists have used isotopes to figure out the origins of different parts of meteorites, for example. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • Scientists found that the level of carbon-14, an isotope of carbon, was much higher in rings from that year than usual. (syfy.com)
  • Often, these badly decomposed cases need analysis for trauma and estimation of time since death in addition to identification. (medscape.com)
  • C and Pb isotopes have been found to have potential for the identification and characterisation of aerosol sources. (bl.uk)