Ampicillin resistance genes encoding r ampicillin resistance. Medical search. Frequent questions

In addition, isolates of Citrobacter may be resistant to many other antibiotics as a result of plasmid-encoded resistance genes. (wikipedia.org)
The aims of this research work were to determine the patterns of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from the meat of wild or domestically reared pigeons from Spain, to detect the presence of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes, and to carry out a phylogenetic classification of the isolates. (mdpi.com)
Exposure to antimicrobials may facilitate survival of isolates that have either spontaneously mutated or acquired resistance through other means. (vin.com)
This study's results confirmed an explosion of antibiotic resistance amongst E. coli isolates from UTI against β-lactams and fluoroquinolones. (biomedcentral.com)
Five P. multocida isolates (3.6%), all obtained from NSW in 2019, exhibited dual resistance to macrolides and tetracycline, and a further two Queensland isolates from 2019 (1.4%) exhibited a multidrug-resistant phenotype to ampicillin/penicillin, tetracycline, and tilmicosin. (edu.au)
Illumina whole genome sequencing identified the genes msr(E) and mph(E)encoding macrolide resistance, tet(R)-tet(H) or tet(Y) encoding tetracycline resistance, and blaROB-1 encoding ampicillin/penicillin resistance in all isolates exhibiting a corresponding resistant phenotype. (edu.au)
Enterobacterales isolates that are concomitant ESBL producers and are carbapenem resistant have been increasingly reported and demonstrate alarmingly increased antibiotic resistance patterns compared with ESBL Enterobacterales . (frontiersin.org)
In this study, the lower resistance rates and multidrug resistant isolates reported for P. multocida type B derived from cattle compared to those isolated from pigs may be related to the increased use of antibiotics in the porcine industry in Spain. (biomedcentral.com)
The increase in multidrug resistant isolates and antimicrobial resistance rates indicates that more attention should be paid to prevention as well as the responsible use of antibiotics. (biomedcentral.com)
Three % of the ampr isolates from the rectal samples yielded positive results when screened for the presence of blaTEM genes by PCR. (uit.no)
One hundred eight isolates from both substrates were identified by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis and/or 16S rRNA gene sequencing and were determined to belong to the following 11 species from the genera: Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus (L.), and Oenococcus. (who.int)
Antimicrobial resistance (Newport MDR-AmpC) is particularly problematic in this serotype, and the prevalence of Newport MDR-AmpC isolates from humans in the United States has increased from 0% during 1996-1997 to 26% in 2001. (up.ac.za)
High levels of resistance were however expressed by all isolates to penicillin, oxacillin and ampicillin. (e-fas.org)
Genome sequence analysis of 20 S . ruminantium isolates provided information about the antibiotic resistance, potential virulence, and serological diversity of this species. (biomedcentral.com)
ABSTRACT The emergence and rapid spread of antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates harbouring the blaKPC gene that encodes for carbapenemase production have complicated the management of patient infections. (who.int)
This study in a tertiary care hospital in Egypt used real-time PCR assay to test ertapenem-nonsusceptible isolates of K. pneumoniae for the presence of the blaKPC gene and compared the results with modified Hodge test. (who.int)
The blaKPC gene was confirmed in 14/20 (70.0%) of these isolates. (who.int)
The high prevalence of ertapenem nonsusceptibility at a tertiary care hospital in Egypt was predominantly attributed to K. pneumoniae carbapenemase-mediated resistance mechanisms in K. pneumoniae isolates. (who.int)
More analysis of human, retail meat, and food animal isolates is necessary to broaden our understanding of the antimicrobial resistance determinants of ESC resistance among E. coli O157. (cdc.gov)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from this sample site showed the highest (100%) resistance to cephalosporins (cefuroxime) and nitrofurantoin. (bvsalud.org)
Similarly, isolates from Miami area also demonstrated the highest (95%) resistance to a cephalosporin (ceftazidime). (bvsalud.org)
All (100%) isolates used in this study showed MDR resistance to tested antibiotics. (bvsalud.org)

Antibiotic resistance especially against first-line antibiotics is a major concern in the management and thereby not practicing by physician as first choice thinking their resistance. (bvsalud.org)
Monitoring resistance to antibiotics in wild animals may assist in evaluating tendencies in the evolution of this major public health problem. (mdpi.com)
This study aimed to assay the prevalence of common β-lactam resistance genes including bla TEM , bla SHV , bla CTX-M and bla CMY and phenotypic resistance to commonly used β-lactam and fluoroquinolone antibiotics in UTIs. (biomedcentral.com)
In Enterobacterales , the prime antimicrobial resistance mechanism against β-lactam antibiotics is mainly the production of β-lactamases, particularly extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). (frontiersin.org)
The scarcity of studies on the antimicrobial susceptibility of this capsular type of P. multocida and growing concern about the general increase of antimicrobial resistance mean that studies related to the performance of type B P. multocida against antibiotics are necessary to establish accurate treatments and to monitor antimicrobial resistances. (biomedcentral.com)
KPCs) are Ambler class A plasmid- gene by polymerase chain reaction cin, imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, encoded enzymes that are capable of (PCR) assay provides laboratories trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, piper- hydrolyzing all beta-lactam antibiotics, with a means to quickly identify the acillin, piperacillin/tazobactam and including monobactams, extended- presence of this important resistance tobramycin (Oxoid). (who.int)

In this system, recombinase variants are selected for activity on new substrates based on enzyme-mediated reassembly of the gene encoding beta-lactamase that confers ampicillin resistance to Escherichia coli. (duke.edu)

Enteritidis, Japan tamycin, sulfamethoxazole-trimetho- was hybridized to the probe for ampi- prim, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, cillin resistance described above. (cdc.gov)
Antimicrobial resistance has emerged in Salmonella enterica, initially to the traditional first-line drugs chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. (nih.gov)
MDR strains have been recorded as resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamides and tetracycline (ACSSuT) and many of these strains show intermediate or full resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, kanamycin, potentiated sulphonamides, and gentamicin. (up.ac.za)
L tubes and centrifuged at 5,000 rpm for 5 s and spread onto an LB plate containing ampicillin and chloramphenicol. (billfryer.com)

Citrobacter freundii strains have inducible ampC genes encoding resistance to ampicillin and first-generation cephalosporins. (wikipedia.org)
Resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins has occurred more often in nontyphoidal than in typhoidal Salmonella strains. (nih.gov)
Analysis of the ftsI gene reveals 26% of predicted resistance to amoxicillin without resistance to third generation cephalosporins. (fortuneonline.org)
ESBL-producing Enterobacterales from the GCC region show high levels of resistance to ampicillin, aztreonam, third-/fourth-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. (frontiersin.org)
Enterobacteriaceae with resistance to third-generation cephalosporins carry genes encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production, which also confer resistance to penicillins and monobactams. (biomedcentral.com)
Plasmids are genetic elements that mobilize antimicrobial resistance determinants including bla CMY -lactamases that confer resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC). (cdc.gov)

Thus, transformed E. coli cells containing ampicillin-resistance plasmids can easily be selected simply growing the bacteria in the presence of ampicillin-only the transformed cells survive. (bartleby.com)
The ESBLs are encoded by large plasmids that can confer the information between strains as well as different species of organisms. (vin.com)
In developing a system to study gene expression from transiently transfected plasmids, it became clear that normalization using chromosomally encoded genes is not ideal, at it does not take into account the transfection efficiency and the significantly lower expression levels of the plasmids. (biomedcentral.com)
When analyzing co-transfected plasmids, Rluc normalization gave the smallest errors compared to the chromosomal reference genes. (biomedcentral.com)
A DNA fragment encoding eGFP and also a consensus Kozak sequence (GCCGCCATGG) [14] was obtained by PCR with adaptor primers and the pEGFP-C2 plasmid (Clontech, Mountain View, CA) as a template after which cloned in to the polylinker area of p1.1 and p1.2 vectors, thereby resulting in p1.1(EBVTR-)eGFP, p1.1eGFP, p1.2HygroeGFP, p1.2-NeoeGFP and p1.2-ZeoeGFP expression plasmids. (dna-pkinhibitor.com)
Purified plasmids for transfection along with the handle plasmid pEGFP-N2 (Clontech) have been prepared applying an EndoFree Plasmid Maxi Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA). For stable cell line generation all plasmids except p1.2-HygroeGFP had been linearized by restriction with PvuI by cutting inside the ampicillin resistance gene bla sequence. (dna-pkinhibitor.com)
Plasmids p1.2 were transfected by electroporation in Gene Pulser Electroporation Buffer (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) making use of a P2X1 Receptor Antagonist Molecular Weight cuvette using a four mm gap with 7.5 million cells and 15 g of linearized DNA for every transfection. (dna-pkinhibitor.com)
The acquisition of resistance genes through a mechanism involving mobile genetic elements, such as plasmids and transposons, is considered a major contributor to antimicrobial resistance [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
A previous study also demonstrated that E. coli can carry resistance plasmids and can easily acquire resistance transfer genes [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)

Insect-resistant maize line CG00526-176 contains three bacterial genes: the cry1A(b) specific to lepidopterans, the bar gene conferring tolerance to glufosinate, and a bla gene encoding TEM-1 b-lactamase (ampicillin resistance). (gmwatch.org)
AIM: To establish the pattern of antibiotic resistance and assess the frequency of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi among children with enteric fever. (bvsalud.org)
In a living cell, it is unlikely that the transcription of any gene is resistant to changes in the cell cycle or in the levels of nutrients. (biomedcentral.com)
Almost all (93%) strains were resistant to cephalotin and 33% were resistant to ampicillin. (ccc.ac.at)
bla CTX-M (subtype group 1) followed by/co-dominated by bla TEM and bla SHV , whereas the most common carbapenem-resistant genes are bla OXA-48 and bla NDM-1 . (frontiersin.org)
Our results showed that farmed minks could be reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli with Class 1 integron cassettes and resistance genes, which were likely to pose a threat to public health. (hindawi.com)
Antimicrobial resistance occurs through different mechanisms, which include spontaneous (natural) genetic mutations and horizontal transfer of resistant genes through deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (who.int)

Resistance against β-lactam agents can occur via (i) mutation or expression of alternative penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) as the drug target, (ii) downregulation of porins to reduce the bacterial permeability against β-lactams, (iii) over-expression of efflux systems which are membrane transport proteins to export drug substrates and (iv) production of β-lactamases that hydrolyze the β-lactam amide [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Generally, uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), newborn meningitis-associated E. coli (MNEC) as well as sepsis-associated E. coli (SEPEC) differ in their repertoire of virulence-associated genes from IPEC [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The CRL resides within a novel Tn2610-like hybrid Tn1721/Tn21 transposon on an IncF, ColV plasmid (pSDJ2009-52F) of 138 553 bp that encodes virulence associated genes implicated in life-threatening extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) infections. (pacb.com)

Escherichia coli rapidly develops resistance, particularly that associated with multiple drug resistance (MDR) when exposed to selected antimicrobials. (vin.com)

E. coli strain DH5a was the test micro-organism for horizontal gene transfer. (gmwatch.org)
Plasmid DNA exposed to saliva for 24h was still capable of transforming E. coli to ampicillin resistance, but at low efficiency: 20 cfu (colony forming units) per ml compared with 1.6 x103 cfu per ml after 24h in sterile water. (gmwatch.org)
E. coli was artificially induced that became a competent bacteria when it took the pGLO DNA, so it had the ability to have ampicillin resistance and fluoresced when arabinose was present. (bartleby.com)
The results showed only one E. coli culture had growth and fluoresced which was the pGLO+ E. coli that was grown on the plate with LB, amp +arab, there were only two E. coli cultures that did not grow because the pGLO- E. coli did not have the ampicillin resistance to grow in ampicillin conditions, and the rest of the culture plates showed growth. (bartleby.com)
Ampicillin is an antibiotic that kills E. coli, so if E. coli, so if E. coli cells contain the ampicillin-resistance gene, the cells can survive exposure to ampicillin since the ampicillin-resistance gene encodes an enzyme that inactivates the antibiotic. (bartleby.com)
The E. coli then transforms the pBLu plasmid, which carries the genes coding for two identifiable phenotypes. (bartleby.com)
Phenotypic tests confirmed the array-based typing results and corroborate that the selected probes allowed correct typing and prediction of major antibiotic resistances of clinically relevant Enterobacteriaceae , including the subspecies level, e.g. the reliable distinction of different E. coli pathotypes. (biomedcentral.com)
As a result, the gene was expressed & multiplied in E. coli. (dkgoelsolutions.com)
Inserts encoding proteins of interest are cloned into appropriate constructs and transformed into a suitable E. coli strain for expression. (qiagen.com)
In human medicine, E. coli has developed resistance to the fluorinated quinolones, beta-lactams, or both: it is among the gram-negative organisms that secrete extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL). (vin.com)
A T7 expression plasmid containing a gene encoding an E. coli protein was transformed into each host, grown to 0.6 OD and induced for 3 hours. (neb.com)
In all the samples, 50 E. coli strains were isolated and then assigned to serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility test, detection of antimicrobial resistance genes and the Class 1 integrons, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). (hindawi.com)
Therefore, continuous inspections and monitoring of E. coli in minks are essential for detecting and controlling emerging E. coli with different serovars as well as antibiotic resistance. (hindawi.com)
The level of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic and commensal E. coli has steadily increased and has become a global health concern [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
533 /bound_moiety="lac repressor encoded by lacI" /note="lac operator" /note="The lac repressor binds to the lac operator to inhibit transcription in E. coli. (novoprolabs.com)
We conclude that cephalosporin resistance among E. coli O157:H7 is due to plasmid- encoded bla CMY genes and that plasmid types appear to have shifted from IncA/C to IncI1. (cdc.gov)

Also, ampC, sul1 and floR resistance genes were detected in the isolated bacteria. (iranjournals.ir)
AmpC -lactamases, commonly encoded by bla CMY-2 genes [11]. (cdc.gov)

The plasmid pGLO contains an antibiotic-resistance gene, ampR, and the GFP gene is regulated by the control region of the ara operon. (bartleby.com)
In most gram-positive bacteria, this operon consists of five genes dltXABCD but the involvement of the first ORF ( dltX ) encoding a small protein of unknown function, has never been investigated. (frontiersin.org)
We, therefore constructed an in frame deletion mutant of dltX , without affecting the expression of the other genes of the operon. (frontiersin.org)
Question: Regulation Of Gene Expression In Bacteria Involve An Operon. (prowritershub.com)

Strains sensitive to all the antimi- resistance determinant. (cdc.gov)
subsequent strains harbored the NDM-5 gene. (bvsalud.org)
Both ST58 strains were clonal and were characterised as serotype O8:H25, phylogroup B1 and carried a complex resistance locus/loci (CRL) that featured an atypical class 1 integron with a dfrA5 (trimethoprim resistance) gene cassette followed by only 24 bp of the 3'-CS. (pacb.com)
The objective of this study was to use whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to screen for genes encoding for antibiotic resistance, fitness and virulence in strains that had been isolated from food and powdered-milk-producing environments. (ccc.ac.at)
a series of engineered strains for inositol production was constructed by deleting the key genes pgi , pfkA and pykF . (biomedcentral.com)
however, some strains have acquired genes that enable them to cause intestinal infection. (msdmanuals.com)

Emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) is an example of the relentless adaptive nature of microbes toward designer drugs intended to preclude the advent of resistance. (vin.com)
Commensal bacterial populations belonging to Bacteroidetes most commonly possessed ESBL genes followed by members of Enterobacteriaceae. (biomedcentral.com)
Antibiotic-treated cattle had an increased abundance of specific taxa and genes encoding ESBL production that persisted for 9 weeks. (biomedcentral.com)

The bla gene originates from the cloning vector PUC18 and is not expressed in maize, but has bacterial regulatory sequences that would allow it to become functional were it to be transferred back into bacteria. (gmwatch.org)
In this example, the human insulin gene is inserted into a bacterial plasmid. (pressbooks.pub)
Furthermore, our group also expected to see inhibited bacterial growth in the LB/amp +pGLO dish as there was ampicillin in the dish, but some of the bacteria were immune as they possessed immunity to the ampicillin. (bartleby.com)
Moreover, our group expected that there would be no bacterial growth in the LB/amp -pGLO dish, as the bacteria were exposed to ampicillin and were not immune. (bartleby.com)
In a first embodiment the invention provides a transgenic bacterial cell, said cell comprising heterologous nucleic acids encoding translation components for incorporation of at least a first non-canonical amino acid and a screenable or selectable marker polypeptide that exhibits enhanced activity when at least one position of the marker polypeptide is said first non-canonical amino acid. (justia.com)
In some aspects the bacterial cell comprises a heterologous nucleic acid encoding a screenable marker that exhibits enhanced activity when at least one position of the marker polypeptide is said first non-canonical amino acid. (justia.com)

Little is known of their gut microbial ecology and the main purpose of this study was to investigate the microbial diversity in faeces of polar bears in Svalbard, Norway (74-81 degrees N, 10-33 degrees E). In addition the level of blaTEM alleles, encoding ampicillin resistance (ampr) were determined. (uit.no)

They isolated an antibiotic resistance gene (piece of DNA) from a plasmid of Salmonella typhimurium. (dkgoelsolutions.com)
BACKGROUND: Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is a common cause of gastroenteritis in young children, with limited data on NTS serovars and antimicrobial resistance in Africa. (cdc.gov)
The presence of several pathogenicity islands (PAIs) that encode various virulence factors allows Salmonella spp. (up.ac.za)
There are two important PAIs, Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 and 2 (SPI-1 and SPI-2) that encode two different type III secretion systems for the delivery of effector molecules into the host cell that result in internalization of the bacteria which then leads to systemic spread. (up.ac.za)

Overlapping virulence-associated gene pools and the high overall genome plasticity often interferes with correct enterobacterial strain typing and risk assessment. (biomedcentral.com)
Screening of Antibiotic and Virulence Genes from Whole Genome Sequenced Isolated from Food and Milk-Producing Environments. (ccc.ac.at)
Global regulators control a vast number of genes, which must be physically separated on the genome and belong to different metabolic pathways [6]. (hormonessignaling.com)
The PAT encoding gene (bar) was introduced into the soybean genome by micro-particle acceleration (biolistic) transformation, and the resulting soybean lines displayed field tolerance to phosphinothricin-containing herbicides, thereby permitting farmers to use this herbicide for weed control in soybean cultivation. (cbd.int)

The nptII gene in transgenic potato plants coding for kanamycin resistance, transforms naturally competent cells of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas stutzeri and Acinetobacter BD413 (both harboring a plasmid with an nptII gene containing a small deletion (hence nonfunctional) with the same high efficiency as nptII genes on plasmid DNA ( 3x10-5 -1x10-4) despite the presence of a more than 106 fold excess of plant DNA. (gmwatch.org)

The integron abuts a copy of Tn6029, an IS26-flanked composite transposon encoding blaTEM, sul2 and strAB genes that confer resistance to ampicillin, sulfathiazole and streptomycin, respectively. (pacb.com)

The researchers investigated the survival of DNA from transgenic maize and the transfer of the antibiotic resistance bla gene to bacteria in the presence of saliva, rumen fluid and silage effluent, which are relevant to horizontal gene transfer in the oral cavity, the rumen, and in silage. (gmwatch.org)

The production of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) is a primary β-lactam resistance mechanism in Gram-negative bacteria. (biomedcentral.com)
At week 5, the antibiotic-treated cows had lower microbiota abundance and richness, whereas a greater abundance of genes encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), CfxA, ACI-1, and CMY, was observed at weeks 1, 5 and 9. (biomedcentral.com)

Results A 16S rRNA gene clone library was constructed, and all sequences obtained from 161 clones showed affiliation with the phylum Firmicutes, with 160 sequences identified as Clostridiales and one sequence identified as unclassified Firmicutes. (uit.no)
Citrobacter gillenii was isolated from the diseased fish and identified by biochemical and molecular methods including API 20E and 20NE and 16S rRNA gene region sequencing, respectively. (iranjournals.ir)

Decreased fluoroquinolone susceptibility and then fluoroquinolone resistance have developed in association with chromosomal mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region of genes encoding DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV and also by plasmid-mediated resistance mechanisms. (nih.gov)

The evidence for horizontal gene transfer is accumulating. (gmwatch.org)
In summary, horizontal gene transfer can occur before the DNA is completely broken down, even when the breakdown is rapid, as in the rumen or in silage. (gmwatch.org)
DNA breakdown is extremely slow in saliva, and hence the oral cavity will be a very important site for horizontal gene transfer. (gmwatch.org)
Recall that these mechanisms are examples of horizontal gene transfer -the transfer of genetic material between cells of the same generation. (pressbooks.pub)
Our approach circumvents misclassifications arising from the application of virulence markers, which are highly affected by horizontal gene transfer. (biomedcentral.com)

The escalating global prevalence of MDR in Enterobacterales has led to limited treatment options, raising an urgent need for novel antimicrobial therapy(s) and detailed studies exploring underlying resistance mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
There are many resistance mechanisms underlying the emergence and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. (hindawi.com)
By identifying and characterizing the mechanisms of resistance and how they are spread, we hope to better understand the relationships between resistance attributes and possible sources of human infection among food animals and their retail meat. (cdc.gov)

ampicillin for amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid for ampicillin-sulbactam. (vin.com)

Phenotypic resistance against β-lactams (ceftazidime, cefotaxime, aztreonam and ceftriaxone) and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin) were identified by the disc diffusion technique. (biomedcentral.com)

Findings explain the necessity of deep changes in quantity and quality of drug resistance diagnosis and antibiotic therapy strategies. (biomedcentral.com)
The report also includes a summary on the status of drug resistance for TB, HIV and malaria. (who.int)

In genetic engineering, only desirable genes are introduced. (dkgoelsolutions.com)
The engineering of new enzymes that efficiently and specifically modify DNA sequences is necessary for the development of enhanced gene therapies and genetic studies. (duke.edu)
Moreover, the contig and network analyses detected associations between β-lactam resistance genes and phages, mobile genetic elements, and specific genera. (biomedcentral.com)

The prevalence of resistance genes were 89.6% for bla TEM , 44.3% for bla CTX-M , 6.6% for bla SHV and 0.9% for bla CMY . (biomedcentral.com)

H influenzae encodes 3 distinct immunoglobulin A (IgA) proteases that may be involved as virulence factors by interfering with host mucosal defenses. (medscape.com)
An analysis of the ftsI gene was further used to analyze beta-lactam resistance in H. influenzae. (fortuneonline.org)

no resistance to ceftiofur was detected. (biomedcentral.com)
Overall, 90% and 24% of the 278 samples had Gram-negative bacteria with resistance to ampicillin and ceftiofur, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)

Glufosinate tolerance in W62 and W98 soybean lines is the result of introducing a gene encoding the enzyme phosphinothricin-N-acetyltransferase (PAT) isolated from the common aerobic soil actinomycete, Streptomyces hygroscopicus, the same organism from which glufosinate was originally isolated. (cbd.int)

Together, these findings highlight the need for additional studies aimed at identifying factors associated with shedding levels and the dissemination and persistence of antibiotic resistance determinants on dairy farms across geographic locations. (biomedcentral.com)

Infections secondary to these pathogens are widely common but multidrug resistance (MDR) in Enterobacterales has become a significant challenge with increased morbidity, mortality, and cost of management. (frontiersin.org)

More disconcerting, resistance is easily conferred to more pathogenic organisms. (vin.com)

The best chromosomal gene for normalization in the presence of the transcriptional activators used in this study, cadmium, dexamethasone, forskolin and phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate was first identified. (biomedcentral.com)
Including a co-transfected plasmid encoding the Renilla luciferase gene ( Rluc ) in this analysis showed that its calculated stability was not as good as the optimised chromosomal genes, most likely as a result of the lower expression levels and transfection variability. (biomedcentral.com)
Finally, we validated these analyses by testing two chromosomal genes ( B2M and ActB ) and a co-transfected gene ( Rluc ) under biological conditions. (biomedcentral.com)

The biological variables include the differences in the levels of transcriptional expression of genes between tissues and cell types [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Intermediate resistance rates are observed against nitrofurantoin, piperacillin/tazobactam, and gentamicin, with increasing resistance observed against tigecycline. (frontiersin.org)

Anatomy2

Organisms6

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs20

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Phenomena and Processes24

Information Science2

Isolates22

Antibiotics6

Beta-lactamase1

Chloramphenicol4

Cephalosporins6

Plasmids9

Resistant7

Penicillin1

Virulence-associated genes2

Escherichia1

Coli16

AmpC2

Operon4

Strains6

Esbl3

Bacterial6

AmpR1

Salmonella4

Genome4

Kanamycin1

Confer resistance1

Bacteria in the presence1

Extended-spectrum2

RRNA gene2

Plasmid-mediated1

Horizontal gene tra5

Mechanisms3

Amoxicillin-clav1

Aztreonam1

Drug Resistance2

Genetic3

Prevalence1

Influenzae2

Ceftiofur2

Enzyme1

Determinants1

Multidrug resistance1

Pathogenic1

Chromosomal3

Tissues1

Gentamicin1