AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and Processes
Lauric AcidsAmidesAlkane 1-MonooxygenaseHydroxylationCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemFatty AcidsBenzoyl PeroxideMixed Function OxygenasesMonoglyceridesLauratesAcne VulgarisPalmitic AcidsClofibrateStearic AcidsMyristic AcidsSebaceous GlandsPetuniaOctanesDecanoic AcidsMyristic AcidFish ProteinsNADPH-Ferrihemoprotein ReductasePropionibacterium acnesPalmitic AcidMicrosomesMicrosomes, LiverFatty Acids, UnsaturatedDermatologic AgentsSteroid HydroxylasesGlyceridesOncorhynchus mykissEarOleic AcidCatalysis
Monocarboxylic acidsEstersCarboxylic acidsStearicPalmiticAscorbic AcidCapricAmino AcidMixtureMonoesterContaining the fattyPUFACarbon atomsAceticAromaticSulfonic acidSulphuric AcidReactivityDerivativesLipidsDetergentAntibacterialFlavonoidsEtherCarbonylEsterReactionMolecularBelongBioactiveNegativelyFormulaProportionHerbGroupCompositionNaturalType
Monocarboxylic acids1
  • At first It must be recalled that if the majority of the fatty acids found in lipids are monocarboxylic acids, some of them are dicarboxylic and constitute important metabolic or oxidation products of the previous ones. (gerli.com)
Esters12
  • Methyl esters of fatty acids were studied using a Selmichrom-1 (Ukraine) gas chromatograph with a flame ionization detector. (prolekare.cz)
  • The following working parameters were established in the chromatograph: column thermostat temperature 180 °С, vaporizer temperature 230 °С, detector temperature 220 °С, carrier gas (nitrogen) flow velocity 30 cm 3 /min, sample volume 2 mm 3 hexane solution of fatty acid methyl esters. (prolekare.cz)
  • Reference samples were standards of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters from Sigma. (prolekare.cz)
  • Lipophilic fractions were obtained by exhaustive hexane extraction, they were hydrolyzed and then the developed fatty acid methyl esters determined. (prolekare.cz)
  • Fatty acid methyl esters were obtained by the modified Peisker method which ensured complete methylation of fatty acids. (prolekare.cz)
  • Carboxylates are the esters, salts, and anions derived from carboxylic acid . (wellnessadvantage.com)
  • Fatty acid methyl esters, C18-22 mono unsatd. (europa.eu)
  • Fatty acid esters (FAEs) are a type of ester that result from the combination of a fatty acid with an alcohol. (patsnap.com)
  • When the alcohol component is glycerol, the fatty acid esters produced can be monoglycerides, diglycerides, or triglycerides. (patsnap.com)
  • Fuels and other valuable compositions and compounds can be made from oil extracted from microbial biomass and from oil-bearing microbial biomass via hydroprocessing and/or other chemical treatments, including the alkaline hydrolysis of glycerolipids and fatty acid esters to fatty acid salts. (patsnap.com)
  • Tempering oils containing reactive polyol fatty acid esters and methods for their production and use are also provided. (patsnap.com)
  • A process for purifying glycerin recovered as a byproduct of biodiesel production comprises heating a glycerin effluent stream containing a low molecular weight alcohol, water and fatty acid esters of the low molecular weight alcohol to cause transesterification of the fatty acid esters to glycerides and additional low molecular weight alcohol. (patsnap.com)
Carboxylic acids7
  • Carboxylic acids occur in many molecular forms. (gerli.com)
  • The carboxyl functional group that characterizes the carboxylic acids is unusual in that it is composed of two functional groups described earlier in this text. (msu.edu)
  • Substituted carboxylic acids are named either by the IUPAC system or by common names. (msu.edu)
  • Carboxylic acids are widespread in nature, often combined with other functional groups. (msu.edu)
  • Simple alkyl carboxylic acids, composed of four to ten carbon atoms, are liquids or low melting solids having very unpleasant odors. (msu.edu)
  • As shown in the following table, these long-chain carboxylic acids are usually referred to by their common names, which in most cases reflect their sources. (msu.edu)
  • In organic chemistry, Carboxylic Acid is an organic compound and the principle member of the carboxylic acids and derivatives class in the organic acids superclass with as a carbonyl compound has the general formula of a carboxylic acid as a R-COOH, where R is some monovalent functional group. (wellnessadvantage.com)
Stearic1
  • Fatty acids, such as saturated stearic and palmitic acids, unsaturated oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids, are potential antibacterial agents able to destabilize cell membranes of microorganisms, thus directly and indirectly suppressing their growth 13, 14) . (prolekare.cz)
Palmitic4
  • Palmitic acid was the most abundant saturated FA. (prolekare.cz)
  • Various bioactive substances in complexes with fatty acids, such as saturated palmitic acid and unsaturated lenolic, linolenic and docosahexaenoic acids, are known to possess improved lipophilic properties, becoming better compatible with lipophilic cell membranes. (prolekare.cz)
  • The most abundant were linolenic (27.7%), palmitic (25.2%), and oleic (19.8%) acids 9) . (prolekare.cz)
  • Vitamin A with palmitic acid could enhance photocarcinogenesis. (ingredientspy.com)
Ascorbic Acid1
  • To an organic substance having a double bond such as a polyunsaturated fatty acid was added an antioxidative component containing an antioxidative sesame component and ascorbic acid or an ascorbyl fatty acid ester. (patsnap.com)
Capric1
  • The optimised conditions for sugar fatty acid ester syntheses are 48 h at 2:1 of molar ratio of lactose sugar to capric acid at 55 °C. Furthermore, a high operational stability with half-lives of over 13 and 10 runs was achieved for NER-CRL and Amino-CRL, respectively, indicating the efficiency of the immobilisation process. (researchgate.net)
Amino Acid3
  • Some common names, the amino acid threonine for example, do not have any systematic origin and must simply be memorized. (msu.edu)
  • The supplementation of protected protein in the diets of lactating animals increases the milk yield due to proportionate increase in the supply of amino acid s to the host postruminally Milk yield in cows fed protected methionine for the whole experimental period was numerically higher than in cows of the other groups. (grin.com)
  • 2012). In designing protein and/or amino acid supplements for lactating cows in, it is essential to formulate supplements with an amino acid content that is complementary to microbial protein, which is considered to be the best available source of essential amino acids for milk synthesis (Gulati et, al. (grin.com)
Mixture2
  • Lauramide DEA is a mixture of ethanolamides of lauric acid. (productingredients.com)
  • Methylation was affected with a 100 : 100 : 1 mixture of chloroform with methanol and sulfuric acid. (prolekare.cz)
Monoester1
  • Sorbitan Monolaurate is a detergent and monoester of lauric acid and hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol. (unilongindustry.com)
Containing the fatty1
  • To describe precisely the structure of a fatty acid molecule, one must give the length of the carbon chain (number of carbon), the number of double bonds and also the exact position of these double bonds, this will define the biological reactivity of the fatty acid molecule and even of the lipid containing the fatty acids studied. (gerli.com)
PUFA2
  • When double bonds are present, fatty acids are said unsaturated, monounsaturated (MUFA) if only one double bond is present and polyenoic (or polyunsaturated fatty acids = PUFA ) if they have two or more double bonds generally separated by a single methylene group (methylene-interrupted unsaturation). (gerli.com)
  • Vaughn and Gardner (1993) showed that four reactive carbonyl species (RCSs) generated by the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in soybean, including (E)-2-Hexenal, (E)-2-nonenal, (E)-4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal and (Z)-3-nonenal could stress the coexisting fungi. (frontiersin.org)
Carbon atoms3
  • Most fatty acids are straight-chain compounds with the most frequently an even number of carbon atoms. (gerli.com)
  • Interestingly, the molecules of most natural fatty acids have an even number of carbon atoms . (msu.edu)
  • Since nature makes these long-chain acids by linking together acetate units, it is not surprising that the carbon atoms composing the natural products are multiples of two. (msu.edu)
Acetic1
  • WO 2006/135881 describes quaternized ammonium salts prepared by condensation of a hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent and of an oxygen- or nitrogen-containing compound with a tertiary amino group, and subsequent quaternization by means of hydrocarbyl epoxide in the presence of stoichiometric amounts of an acid, especially acetic acid. (trea.com)
Aromatic1
  • The residue obtained was purified by column chromatography on 60-120 mesh silica gel using ethyl acetate: n-hexane (1:2) as the eluent to obtain the corresponding aromatic amide 2. (ambeed.com)
Sulfonic acid1
  • A magnetic recording medium is disclosed, comprising a nonmagnetic support having thereon a magnetic layer comprising mainly ferromagnetic metal particles of a specific surface area and binder resins, wherein at least part of said binder resins is a cellulosic resin having in side chains of the molecules thereof a polar group which is a sulfonic acid group, a metal sulfonate group, a phosphoric acid group, or a metal phosphate group. (justia.com)
Sulphuric Acid1
Reactivity1
  • A process for modifying an unsaturated polyol fatty acid ester stock, such as an unsaturated triacylglycerol oil, to enhance its reactivity provided. (patsnap.com)
Derivatives1
  • In this work, benzo[d]imidazole-amide containing 1,2,3-triazole-N-arylacetamide derivatives 8a-n were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. (bvsalud.org)
Lipids1
  • The fatty acids are important components of the biomolecules known as lipids , especially fats and oils. (msu.edu)
Detergent1
  • Lourmyristamide is a nonionic detergent that is produced by the reaction between 70% lauric acids and 30% myristates with ethanolamine. (iberocruceros.com)
Antibacterial1
Flavonoids1
  • Bioactive compounds like phenols [51.9-84.24 mg Gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g], flavonoids [47.4-49.6 mg retinol equivalent (RE)/100 g on dry weight basis], terpenoids like β-sitosterol (3.42% of fatty acid content), stigmasterol (2.18% of fatty acid content), lupeol (0.71% of fatty acid content), campesterol (2.29% of fatty acid content) are also present. (biomedcentral.com)
Ether1
  • Antimicrobial compositions, especially those useful when applied topically, particularly to mucosal tissues (i.e., mucous membranes), including a fatty acid ester, fatty ether, or alkoxide derivative thereof. (patsnap.com)
Carbonyl1
  • In addition, it can react with proteins and nucleic acids, causing biological damage to cells and carbonyl stress. (frontiersin.org)
Ester4
  • It has also been proposed to incorporate in magnetic layers a fatty acid or an ester of a fatty acid and an aliphatic alcohol, as a lubricant, so as to minimize the coefficient of friction. (justia.com)
  • JP-A-55-157131 proposes to incorporate as a lubricant an ester of a higher fatty acid and a higher alcohol having a branched molecular structure, and also JP-A-59-186130 proposes to incorporate isocetyl stearate as a lubricant. (justia.com)
  • In organic chemistry, Carboxylate , an organic compound , is a salt, ester or anion of a carboxylic acid . (wellnessadvantage.com)
  • The method includes reacting the unsaturated polyol fatty acid ester stock with an oxygenating agent, such as an oxygen-containing gas. (patsnap.com)
Reaction1
  • With a very high molar proportion of fatty acid to saccharide when compared to the other studies, the authors suggested that increasing the proportion of fatty acid could negatively affect the lipase conformation due to an acidification of the reaction medium. (researchgate.net)
Molecular1
  • Significantly, molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies on the most potent compound showed that this compound with a proper binding energy interacted with important amino acids of the α-glucosidase active site. (bvsalud.org)
Belong1
  • Bioactive lipid mediators to which the most unsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic and α-linolenic acids, belong settle pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes, stimulating enzymes and producing cytokines 11) . (prolekare.cz)
Bioactive1
  • Fatty acids are not only vital macronutrients, but also promising pharmacological bioactive substances. (prolekare.cz)
Negatively1
  • The Carboxylate Ion, is a negatively charged organic compound with its conjugate base of a Carboxylic Acid . (wellnessadvantage.com)
Formula1
  • Simple dicarboxylic acids having the general formula HO 2 C-(CH 2 ) n -CO 2 H (where n = 0 to 5) are known by the common names: Oxalic (n=0), Malonic (n=1), Succinic (n=2), Glutaric (n=3), Adipic (n=4) and Pimelic (n=5) Acids. (msu.edu)
Proportion1
  • Fatty acids make up the greatest proportion of the current consumption of raw material in the chemical industry. (gerli.com)
Herb4
  • The presented study shows the composition of fatty acids (FA) in flowers and herb of wild and cultivated cornflower ( Centaurea cyanus (L.)). The analysis was performed by gas chromatography (GC) with a method using internal normalization. (prolekare.cz)
  • Together 13 fatty acids were identified in both types of cornflower herb. (prolekare.cz)
  • Data on fatty acids in cornflower herb in the literature are quite few. (prolekare.cz)
  • This paper is devoted to a study of fatty acids in Centaurea cyanus flowers and herb by GC method. (prolekare.cz)
Group3
  • this initially produces the amide however heating causes this to cyclize to give the imidazoline group. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some uncommon polyunsaturated fatty acids have two adjacent double bonds separated by more than one methylene group, they are named polymethylene-interrupted fatty acids. (gerli.com)
  • The characteristic IUPAC suffix for a carboxyl group is " oic acid ", and care must be taken not to confuse this systematic nomenclature with the similar common system. (msu.edu)
Composition2
Natural1
  • The world production of fatty acids from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils totaled about 4 million metric tons per year. (gerli.com)
Type1
  • Except fatty acyl-CoA, we have based our classification of fatty acids first on the type of carbon chain : either straight (or normal), or branched, or containing a carbon ring. (gerli.com)