DiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
Nitrous AcidAlcohol DrinkingQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsAlcoholsDeaminationNitritesHeparitin SulfateAmmonium SulfateGlycosaminoglycansAlcohol DehydrogenaseAmmonium ChlorideOligosaccharidesSulfatesAlcoholismEthanolAmmonium CompoundsAtmosphere Exposure ChambersRadiation GeneticsCarbohydrate SequenceGlucosamineDisaccharidesMutagensChromatography, PaperGlycosylphosphatidylinositolsGlycolipidsChondroitin SulfatesAlcohol OxidoreductasesHydrazinesFetal Alcohol Spectrum DisordersAlcoholic BeveragesAlcoholic IntoxicationHeparinBenzyl AlcoholsChromatography, Thin LayerHeparan Sulfate ProteoglycansAir Pollution, IndoorSulfur RadioisotopesHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationChromatography, High Pressure LiquidElectrophoresis, Cellulose AcetateAmmonium HydroxideChemistryCarbohydrate ConformationProteoglycansBenzyl AlcoholChromatography, GelChromatography, Ion ExchangeAlcohol-Related DisordersPolysaccharide-LyasesCarbohydratesCentral Nervous System DepressantsFatty AlcoholsAmmoniaChemical PhenomenaIndicators and Reagents
AmmoniaChlorideNitrateOxideNitricFatty acidsSaltsHydroxideFormic acidBenzoic acidOxidationSulfuric acidAromatic hydrocarbonsCarboxylic acidAmino acidsAceticVolatileLactic AcidSULFATEReactionHydrolysis yieldAllylicOrganic acidsCaustic PotashHydrogen peroxideAliphaticNitriteAqueous solutionOxygenAmidesMineralOleic acidMalonic AcidSalicylic acidSulphuric acidCompoundsAcidicAmines
Ammonia5
  • Both liberate ammonia upon heating in water, with urea releasing CO2 while sulfamic acid releases sulfuric acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most commonly reported categories of substances were other inorganic substances (excluding chemicals in the categories of acids, bases, ammonia, and chlorine), volatile organic compounds, and mixtures involving substances from different categories that were mixed or formed from a reaction before release. (cdc.gov)
  • Specifically, an amide can also be regarded as a derivative of a carboxylic acid in which the hydroxyl group has been replaced by an amine or ammonia . (wikidoc.org)
  • It is generally represented by the formula: [R 1 NR 2 ] - , and is an extremely strong base , due to the extreme weakness of ammonia and its analogues as Brønsted acids . (wikidoc.org)
  • Acidic conditions yield the carboxylic acid and the ammonium ion while basic hydrolysis yield the carboxylate ion and ammonia. (wikidoc.org)
Chloride12
  • Gelec consists of Ammonium Chloride , Dextrose Anhydrous , Potassium Chloride , Sodium Chloride , Sodium Metabisulfite . (sdrugs.com)
  • Gelec (Ammonium Chloride) Lactate Lotion, 12% is indicated for the treatment of dry, scaly skin (xerosis) and ichthyosis vulgaris, and for the temporary relief of itching associated with these conditions. (sdrugs.com)
  • Gelec (Ammonium Chloride) Lactate Lotion, 12% is contraindicated in those patients with a history of hypersensitivity to any of the label ingredients. (sdrugs.com)
  • Sun exposure (natural or artificial sunlight) to areas of the skin treated with Gelec (Ammonium Chloride) Lactate Lotion, 12% should be minimized or avoided (see PRECAUTIONS ). (sdrugs.com)
  • The use of Gelec (Ammonium Chloride) Lactate Lotion, 12% should be discontinued if any hypersensitivity is observed. (sdrugs.com)
  • However, a long-term photocarcinogenicity study in hairless albino mice suggested that topically applied 12% Gelec (Ammonium Chloride) lactate formulations enhanced the rate of ultraviolet light-induced skin tumor formation. (sdrugs.com)
  • The mutagenic potential of Gelec (Ammonium Chloride) lactate formulations was evaluated in the Ames assay and in the mouse in vivo micronucleus assay, both of which were negative. (sdrugs.com)
  • In dermal Segment I and III studies with Gelec (Ammonium Chloride) lactate formulations there were no effects observed in fertility or pre- or postnatal development parameters in rats at dose levels of 300 mg/kg/day (1800 mg/m 2 /day), approximately 0.4 times the human topical dose. (sdrugs.com)
  • Animal reproduction studies have been performed in rats and rabbits at doses up to 0.7 and 1.5 times the human dose, respectively and have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to Gelec (Ammonium Chloride) lactate formulations. (sdrugs.com)
  • Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, Gelec (Ammonium Chloride) Lactate Lotion, 12% should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. (sdrugs.com)
  • Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Gelec (Ammonium Chloride) lactate is administered to a nursing woman. (sdrugs.com)
  • Clinical studies of Gelec (Ammonium Chloride) lactate lotion, 12% did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. (sdrugs.com)
Nitrate3
  • Nitrous acid is formed by addition of a strong acid to a nitrate (III) salt in solution at temperatures of between 0 and 10 degrees. (wikidoc.org)
  • Nitrate of soda , Peruvian guano and superphosphate of lime in the form of bones dissolved by sulphuric acid were now added to the list of manures, and the practice of analysing soils became more general. (yourdictionary.com)
  • The nitric acid is most likely taken up chiefly as nitrate of lime, but probably as nitrate of potash also, and it is significant that the high nitrogen-yielding clover takes up, or at least retains, very little soda . (yourdictionary.com)
Oxide5
  • H3NSO3 + 2 NH3 → HNSO2− 3 + 2 NH+ 4 With nitrous acid, sulfamic acid reacts to give nitrogen: HNO2 + H3NSO3 → H2SO4 + N2 + H2O while with concentrated nitric acid, it affords nitrous oxide: HNO3 + H3NSO3 → H2SO4 + N2O + H2O The reaction of excess hypochlorite ions with sulfamic acid or a sulfamate salt gives rise reversibly to both N-chlorosulfamate and N,N-dichlorosulfamate ions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Despite their straight forward application , obtaining or producing nitrous oxide or ozone is the chief obstacle to their use , unless something like the plasmoid production of nitric oxide can be devised. (sciencemadness.org)
  • Twelve bulls ranging from 341 to 545 kilograms in body mass were successfully anesthetized for either vasectomy or prosthetic vas deferens implantation with a combination of thiopental sodium, glyceryl guaiacolate, nitrous oxide, halothane and oxygen. (lookformedical.com)
  • Specific pharmacological aspects of atropine, halothane and nitrous oxide were emphasized in light of their application to ruminant anesthesia. (lookformedical.com)
  • The released GHGs are attributed to energy requirements for composting plants' operation and to the biochemical reactions within the organic waste itself, which produces CO 2 , methane (CH 4 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) due to the mineralization and degradation of organic matters [ 10 ] [ 11 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Nitric12
  • Nitric acid is a colorless, corrosive liquid that is the most common nitrogen acid. (chemicalbook.com)
  • Nitric acid is a mineral acid that was called spirit of nitre and aqua fortis, which means strong water. (chemicalbook.com)
  • Fuming nitric acid is named because of the fumes emitted by acid when it combines with moist air. (chemicalbook.com)
  • Fuming nitric acid is highly concentrated and is labeled either red fuming nitric acid or white fuming nitric acid. (chemicalbook.com)
  • Red fuming nitric acid, as the name implies, emits a reddishbrown fume on exposure to air. (chemicalbook.com)
  • The nitric acid concentration of red fuming nitric acid is approximately 85% or greater, with a substantial amount of dissolved nitrogen dioxide. (chemicalbook.com)
  • Nitric acid is a colorless to light brown fuming liquid with an acrid, suffocating odor. (chemicalbook.com)
  • Fuming nitric acid is a reddish fuming liquid. (chemicalbook.com)
  • Fuming nitric acid is concentrated nitric acid that contains dissolved nitrogen dioxide. (chemicalbook.com)
  • Nitric acid is a solution of nitrogen dioxide, NO2, in water and so-called fuming nitric acid contains an excess of NO2 and is yellow to brownish-red in color. (chemicalbook.com)
  • Nitric acid was known to alchemists in ancient times. (chemicalbook.com)
  • Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. (lookformedical.com)
Fatty acids7
  • Only the hydrogen atom of the carboxyl group is replaceable by a metal, therefore the fatty acids are mono-basic. (studyinnovations.com)
  • In his classic studies on fatty acids from pork fat, Chevreul (1823) recognized the nature of oleic acid but it was not prepared in pure condition for a long time. (gerli.com)
  • Mono-unsaturated normal fatty acids are widespread in the living world where they occur mostly as the cis-isomer. (gerli.com)
  • Over a hundred naturally occurring monoene fatty acids have been identified. (gerli.com)
  • but, as these compounds are insoluble in water, while the very essence of a soap in its industrial relations is solubility, it is better to speak of the insoluble compounds as " plasters, " limiting the name " soap " as the compounds of fatty acids with soda and potash. (yourdictionary.com)
  • The process of manufacturing soaps by boiling fatty acids with caustic alkalis or sodium carbonate came into practice with the development of the manufacture of candles by saponifying fats, for it provided a means whereby the oleic acid, which is valueless for candle making, could be worked up. (yourdictionary.com)
  • Volatile fatty acids (VFA) are intermediary degradation products during anaerobic digestion (AD) that are subsequently converted to methanogenic substrates, such as hydrogen (H 2 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and acetic acid (CH 3 COOH). (mdpi.com)
Salts2
  • Products are produced as their ammonium salts. (wikipedia.org)
  • These compounds have a charged nitrogen center, and necessarily come with a negative counterion, so they are called quaternary ammonium salts. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Hydroxide1
Formic acid1
Benzoic acid1
  • Aromatic acids Ar- COOH are usually named as derivatives of the parent acid benzoic acid, C 6 H 5 COOH. (studyinnovations.com)
Oxidation2
  • HClO + H2NSO3H → ClNHSO3H + H2O HClO + ClNHSO3H ⇌ Cl2NSO3H + H2O Consequently, sulfamic acid is used as hypochlorite scavenger in the oxidation of aldehydes with chlorite such as the Pinnick oxidation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Much simpler proof of the now accepted structure of oleic acid was given by means of oxidation techniques ( Edmed FG, J Chem Soc 1898, 73, 627 ). (gerli.com)
Sulfuric acid2
  • Sulfamic acid (H3NSO3) may be considered an intermediate compound between sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and sulfamide (H4N2SO2), effectively replacing a hydroxyl (-OH) group with an amine (-NH2) group at each step. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sulfamic acid is produced industrially by treating urea with a mixture of sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid (or oleum). (wikipedia.org)
Aromatic hydrocarbons1
  • The rationale of this treatment is not fully understood, but the action appears to consist in the separation or decomposition of the aromatic hydrocarbons, fatty and other acids, phenols, tarry bodies, &c., which lower the quality of the oil, the sulphuric acid removing some, while the caustic soda takes out the remainder, and neutralizes the acid which has been left in the oil. (yourdictionary.com)
Carboxylic acid4
  • The group obtained from a carboxylic acid by the removal of the hydroxyl portion is known as an acyl group. (studyinnovations.com)
  • The names of amides are formed by replacing -oic acid (or -ic acid for common names) by amide or -carboxylic acid by carboxamide. (studyinnovations.com)
  • Amides are commonly formed from the reaction of a carboxylic acid with an amine . (wikidoc.org)
  • Amides will react with nitrous acid (HONO) forming the carboxylic acid and yielding nitrogen. (wikidoc.org)
Amino acids2
  • This is the reaction that forms peptide bonds between amino acids . (wikidoc.org)
  • It is non-pathogenic, non-pigmented, and used for the production of amino acids. (lookformedical.com)
Acetic2
  • Alternative system of nomenclature is naming the acids as the derivatives of acetic acids. (studyinnovations.com)
  • Nipa Sap Can Be Both Carbon and Nutrient Source for Acetic Acid Production by Moorella thermoacetica (f. (mdpi.com)
Volatile1
  • It is frequently used for removing rust and limescale, replacing the more volatile and irritating hydrochloric acid, which is cheaper. (wikipedia.org)
Lactic Acid1
  • Although lactic acid is a normal constituent of blood and tissues, it is not known to what extent this drug affects normal lactic acid levels in human milk. (sdrugs.com)
SULFATE1
  • Without the presence of any catalysts, sulfamic acid will not react with ethanol at temperatures below 100 °C. ROH + H2NSO3H → ROS(O)2O− + NH+ 4 An example of this reaction is the production 2-ethylhexyl sulfate, a wetting agent used in the mercerisation of cotton, by combining sulfamic acid with 2-ethylhexanol. (wikipedia.org)
Reaction2
  • The crystalline solid is indefinitely stable under ordinary storage conditions, however, aqueous solutions of sulfamic acid slowly hydrolyse to ammonium bisulfate, according to the following reaction: H3NSO3 + H2O → [NH4]+[HSO4]− Its behaviour resembles that of urea, (H2N)2CO. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Schotten-Baumann reaction describes the formation of amides from amines and acid chlorides . (wikidoc.org)
Hydrolysis yield1
Allylic2
Organic acids1
  • Carboxylic acids are strong organic acids having acidic character due to the replaceable hydrogen atom in the functional group. (studyinnovations.com)
Caustic Potash1
  • The corresponding decomposition of a glyceride into an acid and glycerin takes place when the glyceride is distilled in superheated steam, or by boiling in water mixed with a suitable proportion of caustic potash or soda . (yourdictionary.com)
Hydrogen peroxide1
Aliphatic1
  • The aliphatic carboxylic acids are commonly known by their initial names, which have been derived from the source of the particular acid. (studyinnovations.com)
Nitrite1
  • iv) Aniline and benzylamine can be distinguished by their reactions with the help of nitrous acid, which is prepared in situ from a mineral acid and sodium nitrite. (multiverseiit.com)
Aqueous solution1
  • These amides can participate in hydrogen bonding as hydrogen bond acceptors and donors , but do not ionize in aqueous solution , whereas their parent acids and amines are almost completely ionized in solution at neutral pH . (wikidoc.org)
Oxygen2
  • The name of the cation (in the case of a salt) or the name of the organic group attached to the oxygen of the carboxyl group (in the case of an ester) precedes the name of the acid. (studyinnovations.com)
  • Earlier in 1776, Lavoisier determined that the acid contained oxygen. (chemicalbook.com)
Amides1
  • Some dicarboxylic acids form cylic amides in which two acyl groups are bonded to the nitrogen atom. (studyinnovations.com)
Mineral1
  • When compared to most of the common strong mineral acids, sulfamic acid has desirable water descaling properties, low volatility, and low toxicity. (wikipedia.org)
Oleic acid1
  • Oleic acid is probably the most common fatty acid (olive oil has a high content of this acid: about 60-70%, but it is also found in a large range of nuts). (gerli.com)
Malonic Acid1
  • and (b) further reacting said malonic acid derivative as intermediate for the manufacture of Sevoflurane CF3-CH(OCH2F)-CF3. (justia.com)
Salicylic acid3
  • If carbon tetrachloride is used in place of chloroform, salicylic acid is obtained as the main product. (mpboardguru.com)
  • This on acidification gives salicylic acid. (mpboardguru.com)
  • Salicylic acid is the starting material for the manufacture of aspirin which is an important analgesic. (mpboardguru.com)
Sulphuric acid2
  • Sodium azide when distilled with 50% sulphuric acid yields hydrazoic acid. (sciencemadness.org)
  • The distillates obtained are usually purified by treatment, successively, with sulphuric acid and solution of caustic soda , followed by washing with water. (yourdictionary.com)
Compounds1
  • Sulfamic acid is mainly a precursor to sweet-tasting compounds. (wikipedia.org)
Acidic1
  • Sulfamic acid is used as an acidic cleaning agent and descaling agent sometimes pure or as a component of proprietary mixtures, typically for metals and ceramics. (wikipedia.org)
Amines2