• Intravenous calcium is primarily used to protect the myocardium from the deleterious effects of hyperkalemia (ie, arrhythmias) by antagonizing the potassium actions on the myocardial cell membrane. (medscape.com)
  • Methods: Two routes to myocardial protection were studied: The potential role for up regulating stress proteins in order to protect the myocardium was examined in an isolated rat neonatal cardiomyocyte model. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • My research focuses on novel anticoagulation agents for the treatment of acute coronary syndromes and atrial fibrillation, the study of agents targeted to protect the myocardium during reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction, and the evaluation of cardiovascular safety of diabetic therapies. (stanford.edu)
  • This finding shows that ischemic but noninfarcted myocardium can exist in a state of hibernation without cell death. (medscape.com)
  • At the same time restoring the patency of the coronary vessels and providing the ischemic myocardium with blood can cause additional tissue damage. (eurekaselect.com)
  • A key element of ischemic and reperfusion injury and major determinant of the evolution of damage in the injured myocardium is the inflammatory response. (eurekaselect.com)
  • A number of adverse reactions, including cerebral infarction, optic nerve infarction, angina, and ischemic changes in the electrocardiogram, have been reported with other agents when severely elevated blood pressure was reduced over time courses of several hours to as long as 1 or 2 days. (druglib.com)
  • Conclusion: Gd(ABE-DTTA) in an ischemia/reperfusion model induces a persistent MRI contrast between regions of normal and ischemic myocardium, and verifies reperfusion. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Results The hearts of five rabbits that underwent ultrasound-mediated destruction of microbubbles containing gene showed VEGF expression in ischemic myocardium .None of the control animals showed VEGF expression. (bvsalud.org)
  • Although the mechanisms of ischemic preconditioning and APC are thought to be similar, it is not known whether the beneficial effects of APC are also reduced in the aged myocardium. (asahq.org)
  • Imaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium or regional wall motion abnormality in a pattern consistent with an ischemic etiology. (who.int)
  • Myocardial contractility represents the innate ability of the heart muscle (cardiac muscle or myocardium) to contract. (wikipedia.org)
  • The myocardium defines the middle layer of the cardiac wall between the endocardium and the pericardium and forms the muscular part of the heart . (radiopaedia.org)
  • The myocardium represents the middle layer of the cardiac wall. (radiopaedia.org)
  • The vascular territories of the left ventricular myocardium are divided into 17 segments and illustrated by the cardiac segmentation model of the American Heart Association (AHA) 6,7 . (radiopaedia.org)
  • Venous drainage of the myocardium is provided via the cardiac veins and the coronary sinus as well as the Thebesian veins 8 . (radiopaedia.org)
  • Cardiac lymphatic flow passes from the endocardium through the myocardium to the epicardium where small lymphatic vessels drain into larger collecting vessels. (radiopaedia.org)
  • The myocardium is innervated by the cardiac conduction system . (radiopaedia.org)
  • The myocardium can be depicted and evaluated with ultrasound e.g. echocardiography, cardiac CT and cardiac MRI . (radiopaedia.org)
  • Continued depression of the myocardium with beta-blocking agents over a period of time can, in some cases, lead to cardiac failure. (theodora.com)
  • LS is distinguished from other inotropic agents by this dual mechanism and considered as a good choice in high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery. (ispub.com)
  • The inner border merges with the subendocardial tissue layer, which contains collagen, elastic fibers small blood vessels and nerves as well as the Purkinje fibers and connects the extracellular matrix of the myocardium to the endocardium 4 . (radiopaedia.org)
  • Although the endocardium is thickened, the ventricular wall (myocardium) thickness is within the reference range. (medscape.com)
  • The myocardium forms a thick middle layer between the outer epicardium layer and the inner endocardium layer. (web.app)
  • axis on pregnancy outcome in nonobese diabetic mice and wild-type controls Proximity relationship between epicardial adipose tissue and the endocardial Hjärtvävnaden delas in i endocardium, myocardium och den del av for a number of different cells such as odontoblasts, melanoblasts and connective tissue cell different responses depending on the transmitter and the receptor type. (web.app)
  • Stunned myocardium is myocardium that suffers transient reversible myocardial contractile dysfunction that is caused by acute ischemia during which the blood supply is almost completely restored by reperfusion, with no metabolic deterioration. (medscape.com)
  • The term hibernating myocardium is also used to indicate chronic myocardial contractile dysfunction due to ischemia, in which there is reduced coronary blood flow at rest and increased myocardial demand results in impaired contractility. (medscape.com)
  • In hibernating myocardium, contractile function can be partially or totally restored by improving coronary blood flow or by reducing oxygen demand of the myocardium. (medscape.com)
  • Rahimtoola suggested that hibernating myocardium is characterized by a state of persistently impaired myocardial and LV function at rest due to reduced coronary blood flow that can be partially or completely restored to normal by improving blood flow or by reducing oxygen demand (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • Schematic representation of infarction (cell death), chronic ischemia with contractile dysfunction (hibernating myocardium), and transient ischemia (stunned myocardium) with restored blood flow with transient contractile dysfunction. (medscape.com)
  • Clinically, discerning the etiology of depressed myocardial contractile function is difficult, whether due to stunned myocardium, silent ischemia, or hibernating myocardium. (medscape.com)
  • Hibernating myocardium, myocarditis, and genetic cardiomyopathies may cause abnormal FDG-PET uptake. (acc.org)
  • Contractility may be iatrogenically altered by the administration of inotropic agents. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our clinical experiences with LS has shown that it reduces conventional inotropic agents dosages and could be a satisfactory agent in myocardial depression therapy which occurred in CPB surgery intraoperatively also in pediatric patients. (ispub.com)
  • Inotropic Agents for Heart Failure - Wishful Thinking? (healthmanagement.org)
  • Acute myocarditis causes focal or diffuse inflammation of the myocardium. (health.am)
  • Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium. (unl.edu)
  • Observations that favor a viral etiology include a clinical presentation similar to that of chronic myocarditis, findings of myocarditis or myocardial fibrosis in affected patients, a higher incidence following epidemics of coxsackievirus B infection, demonstration of persistent viral infection with molecular studies, and experimental production of the disease in animal models by viral infections of the myocardium. (medscape.com)
  • The most common cause of inflammatory cardiomyopathy is lymphocytic myocarditis, which is most usually triggered by a viral infection, and occasionally by other infectious agents. (intechopen.com)
  • Diamond et al found that resting wall motion abnormalities in patients with coronary artery diseases (CADs) improve after administration of an inotropic agent (dobutamine or epinephrine) or after coronary revascularization in some vascular territories with depressed contractile function, and that such territories eventually improve after revascularization. (medscape.com)
  • Stress is induced by either exercise or a pharmaceutical agent (dobutamine, dipyridamole, or adenosine), which increases coronary blood flow to the myocardium. (cadth.ca)
  • In spite of dopamine (15 µg/kg/min), dobutamine (15µg/kg/min) and adrenalin (1mg/h) infusions, myocardium failed to maintain normotension. (ispub.com)
  • In patients with post-infarct dysfunctioning myocardium but a patent infarct-related artery, microvascular integrity, as assessed by myocardial contrast echocardiography, is an indicator of myocardial viability in terms of preserved contractile reserve, as demonstrated by dobutamine infusion and functional recovery at follow-up. (nih.gov)
  • HN - 2008 BX - Granulosa Cells, Cumulus MH - Coronary Sinus UI - D054326 MN - A07.231.908.194.500 MS - A short vein that collects about two thirds of the venous blood from the MYOCARDIUM and drains into the RIGHT ATRIUM. (bvsalud.org)
  • Coronary vessels supplying arterial blood to the heart penetrate the epicardium before entering the myocardium. (web.app)
  • Used in LGE assessment, gadolinium is an extracellular chelating agent that permeates the interstitial space of both normal and abnormal myocardium . (medscape.com)
  • Using the heart's electrical activity to activate an ultrasound imaging contrast agent, Drexel researchers are giving doctors a better look at blood flow in the heart muscle - which could allow doctors to detect early signs of heart disease. (drexel.edu)
  • Unfortunately, this places added stress on surviving myocardium, the heart's muscular tissue. (news-medical.net)
  • Randomized intervention trials including antiviral, immunomodulating, or immunosuppressive agents are lacking. (intechopen.com)
  • No suspicion of acute kidney injury at least 12 hours after IV contrast agent administration (subjects who have undergone angiography) or after first medical contact for the index MI (subjects who have not undergone angiography). (who.int)
  • The myocardium consists of cardiomyocytes grouped in strands also known as myofibres and the surrounding extracellular matrix with endomysial and perimysial components. (radiopaedia.org)
  • However, following abrupt cessation of therapy with some beta-blocking agents in patients with coronary artery disease, exacerbations of angina pectoris and, in some cases, myocardial infarction have been reported. (druglib.com)
  • Although the clinical use of thiazolidinediones in type 2 diabetes is based on effects of these agents in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle to improve glycemic control, PPAR-γ is also expressed in myocardium ( 4 - 6 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Region-specific endocardial Notch activity regulates heart morphogenesis through the interaction with multiple myocardial-, epi … It makes up the tissue called the myocardium. (web.app)
  • Ventrikulärt kardiomyocyte coimmunostained för L-typ kalcium kanal avsedda för en viss undersökningstyp, se "Bildåtergivningslägen och undersökningstyper tillgängliga per Mäta med vävnadsdopplerkurva (TDI, Tissue Doppler Imaging). (web.app)
  • In most imaging techniques the myocardium displays a muscle-like appearance. (radiopaedia.org)
  • The availability of real-time imaging of mice anatomy allows performing aspiration procedures under ultrasound guidance as well as the microinjection of cells, viruses, or other agents into precise locations. (hindawi.com)
  • Any potential agent which induces a state of enhanced resistance to ischaemia warrants investigation as it may potentially lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches to cardioprotection in clinical practise. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Although deliberate hypotension during surgery may potentially cause organ ischaemia, in particular of the myocardium and cerebrum, it is widely used as an adjuvant. (annals.edu.sg)
  • Carteolol is a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent with associated intrinsic sympathomimetic activity and without significant membrane-stabilizing activity. (theodora.com)
  • Sectral (acebutolol HCl) is a selective, hydrophilic beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agent with mild intrinsic sympathomimetic activity for use in treating patients with hypertension and ventricular arrhythmias . (rxlist.com)
  • and sample material such as fecal and respiratory samples, and in the CSF, blood, and myocardium of another child who their clinical signifi cance remains to be fully elucidated. (cdc.gov)
  • Hence the potential for exploiting the endogenous protective mechanisms within the myocardium is of prime clinical importance. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • In the future both routes to protecting the myocardium could be of use in a clinical setting. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Comparative clinical studies have shown that the hemodynamic effects of DIPRIVAN during induction of anesthesia are generally more pronounced than with other intravenous (IV) induction agents. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • Plasma troglitazone concentration (mean 5 μg/ml) was similar to that achieved in clinical use of this agent. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Formally known as 'beta-adrenergic blocking agents,' beta blockers came to prominence in the 1960s, when deaths from myocardial infarction (MI), the clinical term for heart attack, were very common. (news-medical.net)
  • The endocardial thickening is believed to be caused by persistent and increased wall tension in the ventricles, possibly secondary to damaged myocardium, mitral regurgitation, or both. (medscape.com)
  • In this ultrasound image using the contrast agent, called Electrast, the area circled in green is receiving blood, while the area indicated by the red arrow is not. (drexel.edu)
  • Target contrast ultrasound combines ultrasound with novel molecular targeted contrast agent to assess biological processes at molecular level. (hindawi.com)
  • Recently, the introduction of ultrasound contrast agents (lipid shell gas-filled 1-4 micron sized microbubbles) enhances UBM applications for detection and characterization of focal lesions. (hindawi.com)
  • Conclusions Ultrasound-mediated destruction of microbubbles is a promising method for the delivery of bioactive agents to the heart . (bvsalud.org)
  • However, most infections with advances, the etiologic agents of many apparent infections these viruses are asymptomatic ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In humans, viruses are commonly suspected as causative agents, including coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), a member of the Enterovirus genus of the Picornaviridae family. (unl.edu)
  • Sodium citrate manages mild metabolic acidosis and is used as an alkalinizing agent when long-term maintenance of an alkaline urine is desirable. (medscape.com)
  • If you're trying to get a close look at blood flow to the myocardium muscle you want to distinguish between the blood that's in the muscle and the blood that's being pumped by the muscle. (drexel.edu)
  • However, as has been shown for all beta-blocking agents, the antihypertensive effect does not appear to be related to plasma level. (nih.gov)
  • It may be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents, especially thiazide-type diuretics. (rxlist.com)
  • Considering the prevalence of coronary heart disease among diabetic patients, surprisingly little is known about the effects of PPAR-γ activation in myocardium. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Given its similarities to IPC, it seems reasonable to hypothesize that the beneficial effects of APC may also be reduced in aged myocardium. (asahq.org)
  • However, the limited tumour accumulation of photosensitizers/photothermal agents and immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment severely weaken the immune effects. (bvsalud.org)
  • The application of nanotechnology facilitates a higher accumulation of photosensitizers/photothermal agents at the tumour site, which can thus improve the antitumor effects of photo-immunotherapy (PIT). (bvsalud.org)
  • Some patients receiving beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents have been subject to protracted severe hypotension during anesthesia. (theodora.com)
  • For these reasons, in patients undergoing elective surgery, gradual withdrawal of beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents may be appropriate. (theodora.com)
  • Beta-adrenergic blocking agents should be administered with caution in patients subject to spontaneous hypoglycemia or to diabetic patients (especially those with labile diabetes) who are receiving insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents. (theodora.com)
  • Currently, several million patients are treated with these agents worldwide. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • As with other rapidly acting intravenous anesthetic agents, the half-time of the blood-brain equilibration is approximately 1 minute to 3 minutes, accounting for the rate of induction of anesthesia. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • Timolol maleate is a beta 1 and beta 2 (non-selective) adrenergic receptor blocking agent that does not have significant intrinsic sympathomimetic, direct myocardial depressant, or local anesthetic (membrane-stabilizing) activity. (nih.gov)
  • Conclusions: These results demonstrate that the endogenous protective mechanisms within the myocardium may be amenable to therapeutic manipulation. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • The inventions described below relate to site-specific delivery of therapeutic agents, structures and catheter systems to achieve site-specific delivery of therapeutic agents, and means for implanting and using these systems to enable delivery of therapeutic agents to the body. (justia.com)
  • We have been developing catheter systems which enable injection of therapeutic agents into the heart in very precise doses and locations within the heart. (justia.com)