Adhesion biofilms. Medical search. Frequent questions

Because biofilms protect the bacteria, they are often more resistant to traditional antimicrobial treatments, making them a serious health risk. (wikipedia.org)
Dispersion forces between the polymer chains and the bacterial cells prevent bacteria from binding to the surface and initiating biofilm growth. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilms form as a way of survival for bacteria in aqueous situations. (wikipedia.org)
[13] The biofilm bacteria can share nutrients and are sheltered from harmful factors in the environment, such as desiccation, antibiotics, and a host body's immune system. (wikipedia.org)
They can be found very early in Earth's fossil records (about 3.25 billion years ago) as both Archaea and Bacteria, and commonly protect prokaryotic cells by providing them with homeostasis, encouraging the development of complex interactions between the cells in the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
[8] [5] The first colonist bacteria of a biofilm may adhere to the surface initially by the weak van der Waals forces and hydrophobic effects. (wikipedia.org)
Lastly, molecular docking studies of identified phytochemicals with adhesin proteins of tested food pathogens, which helps the bacteria in surface attachment and leads to biofilm formation, were assessed. (unisa.it)
A biofilm is a collection of bacteria and/or fungi that exists in a multicellular or community form, encased in an extracellular polysaccharide matrix that they themselves synthesise. (thepigsite.com)
Formation of a biofilm starts with adherence of bacteria followed by production of the polysaccharide matrix. (thepigsite.com)
Other bacteria, other micro-organisms and debris become incorporated in the biofilm. (thepigsite.com)
Bacteria within a biofilm communicate by quorum sensing leading to phenotypic modifications and changes in gene expression. (thepigsite.com)
Bacteria within the biofilm are protected from disinfectants and have a fundamentally reduced antibacterial sensitivity compared with planktonic, free-living, bacteria. (thepigsite.com)
This study focused on the changes in biofilm activity and related metabolic pathways of S. aureus treated with lactic acid bacteria planktonic CFS (LAB-pk-CFS) and biofilm state (LAB-bf-CFS). (frontiersin.org)
However, there have not been many investigations on how pathogenic bacteria are affected by the metabolic properties of planktonic and biofilm probiotics. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we used untargeted metabolomics to investigate the potential impacts of planktonic bacteria (LAB-pk-CFS) and biofilm colonies (LAB-bf-CFS) on the metabolism of S. aureus biofilms. (frontiersin.org)
For many bacteria, biofilm formation is a key part of their pathogenic behaviour, and is especially important in the development of medical device-associated infection. (qub.ac.uk)
To facilitate adhesion to surfaces, bacteria can express carbohydrate-binding proteins, known as lectins. (qub.ac.uk)
Biofilms are a mixture of complex communities of organisms mostly composed of diverse bacteria that vary depending on the surrounding environmental conditions induced by physical and chemical factors. (intechopen.com)
Observation of biofilms dates back to the seventeenth century when Antonie van Leeuwenhoek observed bacteria from the plaque biofilm of his teeth under his primitive microscope [ 2 ]. (intechopen.com)
These pathogenic changes include greater formation of biofilms and increased adhesion and invasion of bacteria into human gut cells. (foodnavigator.com)
Findings show that sweeteners increased the ability of bacteria to form a biofilm. (foodnavigator.com)
Bacteria growing in biofilms are less sensitive to antimicrobial resistance treatment and are more likely to secrete toxins and express disease-causing molecules. (foodnavigator.com)
According to the National Institute of Health in the USA, about 80% of all infections caused by human bacteria are brought on by biofilms. (bioeng.ca)
Secondary colonising bacteria then adhere to the primary colonisers resulting in biofilm formation. (springer.com)
Cariogenic bacteria are found in the complex biofilm which contains many kinds of bacteria called dental plaque. (positivehealth.com)
Cell-surface components or appendages of bacteria that facilitate adhesion (BACTERIAL ADHESION) to other cells or to inanimate surfaces. (bvsalud.org)

It is envisaged that these dual-functional materials will be capable of inhibiting biofilm formation when deployed as a coating on medical devices, protecting patients from bacterial infections, while simultaneously providing visual feedback to healthcare professionals if the material has reached the end of its anti-infective lifespan. (qub.ac.uk)

For example, there are more than one million cases of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) reported each year, many of which can be attributed to bacterial biofilms. (wikipedia.org)
Bacterial biofilms play an important role in UTIs, responsible for persistent infections leading to recurrences and relapses. (mdpi.com)
Bacterial biofilms serve to assist struvite growth. (medscape.com)
Dental caries is caused by dietary carboyhydrates inducing acid production within teeth-adherent bacterial biofilms. (umich.edu)

[2] [3] The cells within the biofilm produce the EPS components, which are typically a polymeric conglomeration of extracellular polysaccharides , proteins , lipids and DNA . (wikipedia.org)
We have also correlated these findings with the possible mechanism of biofilm inhibition via targeting adhesin proteins, which could be explored further to design new bioactive compounds against biofilm producing foodborne bacterial pathogens. (unisa.it)
The differentially expressed genes and proteins linked to S. aureus biofilms have been identified using transcriptomic and proteomic investigations ( 14 - 17 ). (frontiersin.org)
These adhesions are made of proteins and antigens. (news-medical.net)
Targeting these proteins with multivalent glycosides can inhibit biofilm-formation by crosslinking these lectins. (qub.ac.uk)
A cohesive structure of a multi‐layer of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) such as polysaccharides and proteins is the base of biofilm structural organization. (intechopen.com)
Andrew Herr (University of Cincinnati) presented his work on proteins involved in zinc-induced intercellular adhesion in Staphyloccocal biofilms. (biophysics.org)
Using biotechnologically produced spider silk proteins, they have developed a material that prevents the adhesion of pathogenic microbes. (innovations-report.com)

Microorganisms attach to surfaces and develop biofilms. (cdc.gov)
Rediscovery of a microbiologic phenomenon, first described by van Leeuwenhoek, that microorganisms attach to and grow universally on exposed surfaces led to studies that revealed surface-associated microorganisms (biofilms) exhibited a distinct phenotype with respect to gene transcription and growth rate. (cdc.gov)
These biofilm microorganisms have been shown to elicit specific mechanisms for initial attachment to a surface, development of a community structure and ecosystem, and detachment. (cdc.gov)
Van Leeuwenhoek, using his simple microscopes, first observed microorganisms on tooth surfaces and can be credited with the discovery of microbial biofilms. (cdc.gov)
5 ) in 1978 put forth a theory of biofilms that explained the mechanisms whereby microorganisms adhere to living and nonliving materials and the benefits accrued by this ecologic niche. (cdc.gov)
Biofilm formation occurs when free floating microorganisms attach themselves to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
A biofilm comprises any syntrophic consortium of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilms can attach to a surface such as a tooth or rock, and may include a single species or a diverse group of microorganisms. (wikipedia.org)
The formation of a biofilm begins with the attachment of free-floating microorganisms to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Besides s treptococci, various other microorganisms can also form biofilms at varied sites. (news-medical.net)
Biofilms are complex, highly dynamic, structured ecosystems formed by a community of different microorganisms living attached to inert or living surfaces and embedded in a matrix designated extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). (intechopen.com)
Because of the formation and subsequent sloughing off of microbial biofilms from the inner surfaces of the plastic tubing, dental water is heavily contaminated with microorganisms and endotoxin. (cdc.gov)

Baicalin acts as an adjuvant to potentiate the activity of azithromycin against Staphylococcus saprophyticus biofilm: an in vitro, in vivo, and molecular study. (greenmedinfo.com)
Rutin partially inhibits biofilm formation in Staphylococcus xylosus ATCC700404 in vitro and in vivo. (greenmedinfo.com)
The findings demonstrated that the LAB-CFS treatment considerably slowed Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) growth and prevented it from forming biofilms. (frontiersin.org)
Oligopeptide Sortase Inhibitor Modulates Staphylococcus aureus Cell Adhesion and Biofilm Formation. (nih.gov)

With MP65, it represents a major component of the biofilm matrix. (tcdb.org)
The exopolysaccharide matrix is the important component of the biofilm. (ukessays.com)

These attached communities are known as biofilms. (thepigsite.com)
Historically, multicellular bacterial communities, known as biofilms, have been thought to be held together solely by a self-produced extracellular matrix. (nature.com)

The genes responsible for the biofilm formation are quantified by comparing the planktonic and biofilm samples. (ukessays.com)
The results from the planktonic and biofilm gene expression results are compared. (ukessays.com)

Pathogenic characteristics such as germ tube and biofilm formation and production of tissue damaging enzymes are possible targets of new drugs. (hindawi.com)

This development is conditioned by complex processes involving bacterial attachment to surfaces, growth, cell-to-cell communication, mobility and production of exoproducts constituting the biofilm matrix. (ifremer.fr)
Two well-studied E. faecalis adhesins, aggregation substance (AS) and endocarditis- and biofilm-associated pili (Ebp), both contribute to biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces and in endocarditis, suggesting that they may be expressed at the same time. (nih.gov)
Biofilms may form on living (biotic) or non-living (abiotic) surfaces and can be prevalent in natural, industrial, and hospital settings. (wikipedia.org)
Soon after establishing multilayered biofilms streptococci establish adhesions on their surfaces. (news-medical.net)
This project aims to develop new carbohydrate-functionalised polymeric surfaces which will inhibit bacterial adhesion. (qub.ac.uk)
Biofilms can be found in a variety of habitats, on free‐living, on the surface of other organisms or inert surfaces, both in aquatic as well as terrestrial environments. (intechopen.com)
it may produce a biofilm that promotes adhesion to the outer and inner surfaces of an urethral catheter. (medscape.com)

Primarily, in this study, A. philippense crude extract was screened for its phytochemical constituents, antagonistic potential, and effect on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation against common food pathogens. (unisa.it)
Thus, our findings represent the bioactivity and potency of A. philippense crude extract against food pathogens not only in their planktonic forms but also against/in biofilms for the first time. (unisa.it)
Most direct costs were associated with pathogens found in biofilms. (cdc.gov)
Dental plaque biofilm may promote oral and oropharyngeal colonization of respiratory pathogens in hospitalized subjects. (who.int)

We are interested in what these algal extracellular matrices can tell us about: 1) the evolution of the land plant cell wall, 2) the unique characteristics that allow for life in aquatic habitats, 3) the interactions within complex biofilms, including the heterotropic utilization of complex macromolecules, and 4) the biomineralization processes (ex. (mtu.edu)

the means of prevention have thus concentrated largely on two areas: killing the microbes that form the film, or preventing the adhesion of the microbes to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Microbes form a biofilm in response to a number of different factors, [9] which may include cellular recognition of specific or non-specific attachment sites on a surface, nutritional cues, or in some cases, by exposure of planktonic cells to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics . (wikipedia.org)
This biofilm is formed by the accumulation of microbes in the oral cavity which causes the pH of the mouth to decrease. (healthnews.com)

Cells may also communicate via quorum sensing, which may in turn affect biofilm processes such as detachment. (cdc.gov)
In biofilms, symbionts play major roles in the relationship among organisms by the production of bioactive molecules involved in quorum sensing signaling. (intechopen.com)

We report here that myricetin, but not its glycosylated form, can remarkably decrease the production of several S. aureus virulence factors, including adhesion, biofilm formation, hemolysis and staphyloxanthin production, without interfering with growth. (nature.com)
The virulence factors of Candida albicans are germ tube and biofilm formation, adherence to host tissues, and production of hydrolytic enzymes. (hindawi.com)

Biofilms are multicellular communities that were so far thought to be held together solely by a self-produced organic extracellular matrix. (nature.com)
Organic extracellular matrix production as a means of cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion has been extensively studied. (nature.com)
Pleurotaenium trabecula, a desmid of wetland biofilms: The extracellular matrix and adhesion mechanisms. (mtu.edu)
Photo‐ECM: A Blue Light Photoswitchable Synthetic Extracellular Matrix Protein for Reversible Control over Cell-Matrix Adhesion. (mpg.de)

Biofilm formation and adhesion. (utoronto.ca)
These compounds, benzyl α-l-fucopyranoside and benzyl β-d-xylopyranoside, inhibit the hyphae formation and adhesion of C. albicans to a polystyrene surface, resulting in a reduced biofilm formation. (lu.se)

In relation to MICA, it was found that Aroeira showed more satisfactory results on S. mutans, because it was able to inhibit bacterial adhesion to glass, even being in a lower concentration (0.892 mg / mL). (bvsalud.org)

SEM results showed concentration dependent reduction in biofilm and hyphae formation. (hindawi.com)

Microscopic evaluation of these biofilms indicated that streptococcus accounts for approximately 80 percent of this colonization. (news-medical.net)
Thus, after complexing iodine onto plastic tubes, the new tubes were able to inactivate any approaching planktonic cells to prevent microbial adhesion/colonization, the first step in the formation of biofilms. (cdc.gov)

angustifolia extract on the germ tube and biofilm formation of C. albicans . (hindawi.com)
DVA extract has ability to reduce virulence of C. albicans by inhibiting germ tube and biofilm formation through damage to the cell wall. (hindawi.com)
The present study investigated the effect of subinhibitory concentration of crude extract of DVA on the germ tube and biofilm formation by C. albicans . (hindawi.com)
The opportunistic human fungal pathogen Candida albicans relies on cell morphological transitions to develop biofilm and invade the host. (lu.se)

Although an important diversity of materials has been synthesized to prevent adherence and formation of biofilms by Candida species, it is however important to evaluate the capacity of each material in terms of its property to diminish the adherence of Candida . (bvsalud.org)

Instead, at higher cell densities during biofilm formation, Ebp and AS differentially contribute to biofilm development and structure, synergizing to promote maximal biofilm formation. (nih.gov)
[10] [11] A cell that switches to the biofilm mode of growth undergoes a phenotypic shift in behavior in which large suites of genes are differentially regulated . (wikipedia.org)

Much of the work in the last 2 decades has relied on tools such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or standard microbiologic culture techniques for biofilm characterization. (cdc.gov)
Antibiofilm potency and efficacy were assessed on the development, formation, and texture of biofilms through light microscopy, fluorescent microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and the assessment of exopolysaccharide production. (unisa.it)
Biofilms were grown on coverslips in the presence of plant extracts and processed for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (hindawi.com)

The exopolymers of desmids: Chemistry, structural analysis and implications in wetland biofilms. (mtu.edu)
Fasciclin I (FAS1) domains have important roles in cell adhesion, which are not understood despite many structural and functional studies. (whiterose.ac.uk)

They form biofilms which serve as focus for the attachment and growth of other organisms, such as invertebrates, sessile plants, and animals (Davis et al. (ifremer.fr)
2002). For this reason the understanding of the mechanisms leading to marine bacterial attachment and its subsequent biofilm development are of great biological importance with obvious potential industrial outcomes. (ifremer.fr)
They prevent biofilm formation by interfering with the attachment and expansion of immature biofilms. (wikipedia.org)
The development of the biofilm starts with the attachment of the freely moving planktonic cell to a surface. (ukessays.com)

Here, we examined two well-characterized adhesins in Enterococcus faecalis , aggregation substance and endocarditis- and biofilm-associated pili, and found that they exhibit distinct functional contributions depending on the growth stage of the bacterial community. (nih.gov)
Pili interfere with aggregation substance-mediated clumping and plasmid transfer under planktonic conditions, whereas the two adhesins structurally complement one another during biofilm development. (nih.gov)

Additionally, it inhibits the physiological traits of the S. aureus biofilm, including hydrophobicity, motility, eDNA, and PIA associated to the biofilm. (frontiersin.org)

The metabolites of S. aureus biofilm treated with LAB-CFS were greater in the LAB-bf-CFS than they were in the LAB-pk-CFS, according to metabolomics studies. (frontiersin.org)
The capacity of S. aureus to build biofilms is correlated with the severity of infections ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
S. aureus produces large biofilm formations that support its pathogenicity and confer protection and subsequently drug resistance ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Because of this, it is crucial to understand how LAB-CFS affects the makeup and function of metabolites in S. aureus biofilms. (frontiersin.org)

Biofilms present in the oral cavity are essential for the sustenance of good oral health but an increase in the volume and complexities of these biofilms can result in diseases like gingivitis and Periodontitis. (news-medical.net)
Fungal infections in the oral cavity can be a result of the growth of fungal biofilms. (news-medical.net)
Cavities are related to the formation of biofilms caused by fluctuations in the pH of the oral cavity. (healthnews.com)

For this reason this project focused in the marine biofilm-forming bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. (ifremer.fr)
A biofilm usually begins to form when a free-swimming bacterium attaches to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Herewe report the structure of a single-domain bacterial fasciclin I protein, Fdp, in the free-living photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides, and show that it confers cell adhesion properties in vivo. (whiterose.ac.uk)

[8] Biofilms can form on the teeth of most animals as dental plaque , where they may cause tooth decay and gum disease . (wikipedia.org)
What is a dental biofilm and its adverse effect on dental health? (news-medical.net)
Dental biofilm is the first sign of forecasted dental problems. (news-medical.net)
Besides this, bad breath, infection of the dental roots, and actinomycosis are also listed as some of the other concerns by these biofilms. (news-medical.net)
The presence of Si on the Ti surface is quintessential for a strong, durable silane‐based adhesion utilized in several dental applications. (researchgate.net)
The long-range goal of this project is to use iodine-based rechargeable antibiofilm tubing to control the formation of dental unit waterline biofilms so as to reduce occupational exposure of DHCP to the biohazards. (cdc.gov)
These findings shed new lights on the biofilm- control strategy in dental unit waterlines to improve the occupational safety and health of DCPs. (cdc.gov)

The locus of the psl polysacchide genes encode the cells to adhere to a surface and thus maintaining the biofilm structure. (ukessays.com)

Flavopiridol also exhibited antifungal activity by restricting fungal growth and limiting fungal biofilm formation and conidial adhesion. (researchsquare.com)

Materials used to prevent adhesion, growth, and biofilm formation of Candida species. (bvsalud.org)
Aimed at diminishing and preventing Candida adhesion to cells or implanted devices in the human host, a large diversity of materials has been developed and functionalized that have attracted much interest. (bvsalud.org)

Biofilm-associated cells can be differentiated from their suspended counterparts by generation of an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix, reduced growth rates, and the up- and down- regulation of specific genes. (cdc.gov)
Second is the immense growth of biofilms and becomes more resistant to any antibiotic and antimicrobial agents. (bioeng.ca)

A biofilm is an assemblage of surface-associated microbial cells that is enclosed in an extracellular polymeric substance matrix. (cdc.gov)
What is sometimes called polymeric adhesin (BIOFILMS) is distinct from protein adhesin. (bvsalud.org)

Xylitol can reduce the accumulation of Streptococcus mutans and its adhesion to teeth. (healthnews.com)
These sealants form a mechanical barrier on the teeth which ensures that biofilms do not develop over teeth. (healthnews.com)
Saliva and its components are essential for the maintenance of oral health through the formation of the biofilm that covers the teeth and oral mucosa. (positivehealth.com)

3 ) used scanning and transmission electron microscopy to examine biofilms on trickling filters in a wastewater treatment plant and showed them to be composed of a variety of organisms (based on cell morphology). (cdc.gov)
Two major thrusts in the last decade have dramatically impacted our understanding of biofilms: the utilization of the confocal laser scanning microscope to characterize biofilm ultrastructure, and an investigation of the genes involved in cell adhesion and biofilm formation. (cdc.gov)
Light controlled cell to cell adhesion and chemical communication in minimal synthetic cells. (mpg.de)
Panel A (1 h) depicts adhesion by the first colonies, and panel B (8 h) represents the subsequent, rapid cell divisions. (kenyon.edu)
The biofilm develops with cell division and recruitment. (ukessays.com)

How do Biofilms Form? (thepigsite.com)
Gradually, they form a dense, often invisible biofilm that cannot be easily removed, even by cleaning agents, and which often is resistant against antibiotics and antimycotics. (innovations-report.com)
In shallow water environments, at higher temperatures, it takes just three weeks for biofilm to form and then attract larger colonizers, which in turn attract much larger organisms causing macrofouling. (sonardyne.com)
The microcarriers made up of dextrons in the range of 60-90µm in size are used as a surface for Pseudomonas aeruginosa to form biofilms. (ukessays.com)
The planktonic cells grow very rapidly whereas the bacterial adhering takes some time to form biofilm in other case. (ukessays.com)
In the β-d-xylopyranoside treated cells, the biofilm level was only partially restored by the addition of cAMP, and these cells remained mainly as yeast-form cells. (lu.se)

An established biofilm structure comprises microbial cells and EPS, has a defined architecture, and provides an optimal environment for the exchange of genetic material between cells. (cdc.gov)
The microbial cells growing in a biofilm are physiologically distinct from planktonic cells of the same organism, which, by contrast, are single cells that may float or swim in a liquid medium. (wikipedia.org)

Gene-based association testing identified increased risk for iHLHS associated with variation in CAPN2 (p= 1.810(-5)), encoding a protein involved in functional adhesion. (cdc.gov)

Subpopulations of cells within the biofilm differentiate to perform various activities for motility, matrix production, and sporulation, supporting the overall success of the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)

A. philippense crude extract also impedes the biofilm matrix by reducing the total content of exopolysaccharide, and, likewise, the microscopic images revealed a great extent of disruption in the architecture of biofilms. (unisa.it)
The exopolysaccharide genes such as pilB, pslA, lecA, ureB and alginate genes are responsible for the formation of pseudomonas biofilms. (ukessays.com)

This organism displays strong and competitive adhesion onto a wide variety of substrates, promoting subsequent biofilm development. (ifremer.fr)
The unique ability of the organism is forming biofilm. (ukessays.com)
The biofilms are formed by the organism with the association with a surface. (ukessays.com)

By using a specific polysaccharide-stain called Ruthenium red and coupling this with osmium tetroxide fixative, these researchers were also able to show that the matrix material surrounding and enclosing cells in these biofilms was polysaccharide. (cdc.gov)
To assess the possible roles of biomineralization in biofilm development, we grew wild-type B. subtilis cells on media in the presence or absence of calcium acetate as a calcium source. (nature.com)
Moreover, the materials are designed to simultaneously aid the adhesion and proliferation of human cells on their surface. (innovations-report.com)
The study found concentrations of all three artificial sweeteners equivalent to two cans of diet soft drink, could increase the adhesion of E. coli and E. faecalis to intestinal Caco-2 cells, and increase biofilm formation. (foodnavigator.com)
The functioning of the EPS matrix in holding cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa together and forming the mature biofilms. (ukessays.com)
The addition of cAMP to cells treated with α-l-fucopyranoside restored the yeast-hyphae switch and the biofilm level to that of the untreated control. (lu.se)

Our study identified a novel mechanism maintaining Bacillus subtilis and Mycobacterium smegmatis biofilms-active production of calcite minerals. (nature.com)
Although there were many pieces of research related to biofilms and biofilm production and effects to human health, it was only in the '90s that it was formally identified. (bioeng.ca)
BPRPs bind to streptococcal adhesion antigen I/II (antigen c) where the longer BPRPs would neutralize acids better at sites of acid production. (umich.edu)

Stage two is when biofilms produce a stickier, stronger slime that holds greatly on surface and weather shear forces. (bioeng.ca)

This is also the weakest stage in biofilm infection and infestation and it can be repelled or removed through antimicrobial agents. (bioeng.ca)

Anatomy23

Organisms15

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs76

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment17

Phenomena and Processes33

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture7

Information Science3

Health Care4

Bacteria26

Inhibiting biofilm formation1

Bacterial biofilms4

Proteins8

Microorganisms12

Staphylococcus4

Component of the biofilm2

Known as biofilms2

Planktonic and biofilm2

Pathogenic1

Surfaces7

Pathogens4

Complex biofilms1

Microbes3

Quorum2

Virulence factors2

Extracellular matrix4

Formation and adhesion2

Inhibit bacterial adhesion1

Hyphae formation1

Colonization2

Albicans4

Adherence1

Differentially2

Scanning electron m3

Structural2

Attachment4

Pili2

Additionally1

Aureus4

Oral cavity3

Bacterium3

Dental7

Adhere1

Fungal1

Candida2

Growth2

Polymeric2

Teeth3

Cell5

Form6

Microbial cells2

Functional1

Motility1

Exopolysaccharide2

Organism3

Cells6

Production3

Slime1

Infection1