• The precursors of mRNA (called pre-mRNA ) have a guanosine "cap" added at the 5′-end and a poly(A) "tail" at the 3′-end. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • As NTPs and it is types are usually utilized for Messenger Laboratory Services ribonucleic acid solution (mRNA) vaccine generation, adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP), guanosine-5′-triphosphate (GTP), cytidine-5′-triphosphate (CTP), 5-methylcytidine-5′-triphosphate (m5-CTP), uridine-5′-triphosphate (UTP), 5-methyluridine-5′-triphosphate (m5-UTP), pseudouridine-5′-triphosphate (Ψ-UTP) as well as N1-methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate (m1Ψ-UTP) were applied for conjecture product improvement. (hsdpathway.com)
  • Pyrimidine nucleotides stimulated fMet-Leu-Phe-induced O2- formation in the effectiveness order uridine 5'-O-[3-thio]triphosphate (UTP[gamma S]) = UTP greater than CTP. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Inhibition of luteinizing-hormone exocytosis by guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate reveals involvement of a GTP-binding protein distal to second-messenger generation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • A similar inhibition was observed with adenosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate, probably by its conversion into GTP[S]. These results suggest that the stimulatory actions of guanine nucleotides can be accounted for by the combined activation of PKC and generation of cAMP, resulting from activation of conventional signal-transducing GTP-binding proteins. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Bacillus stearothermophilus reacted to pseudomonic acid-induced inhibition of isoleucine-transfer ribonucleic acid (RNA) acylation and to energy downshift caused by alpha-methylglucoside addition with accumulation of guanosine 3',5'-polyphosphates [(p)ppGpp] and restriction of RNA synthesis. (rhea-db.org)
  • These diverse effects result in a marked reduction of intracellular guanosine triphosphate (GTP) pools and inhibition of viral RNA and protein synthesis. (heethealthcare.net)
  • Objective -To determine the presence of adenosine receptor subtypes A 1 and A 2a in equine forebrain tissues and to characterize the interactions of caffeine and its metabolites with adenosine receptors in the CNS of horses. (avma.org)
  • Functional responses to adenosine receptor agonists and antagonists were determined by a nucleotide exchange assay using [ 35 S]-guanosine 5'-(γ-thio) triphosphate ([ 35 S]GTPγS). (avma.org)
  • 35 S]GTPγS exchange revealed that caffeine and its metabolites act as pure adenosine receptor antagonists at concentrations that correspond to A 1 and A 2a receptor binding affinities. (avma.org)
  • It absolutely was demonstrated that the particular maintenance idea model pertaining to nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs) about ion-pair reversed-phase HPLC originated by a remarkably exact Kawabe's product which supports the introduction of powerful HPLC methods. (hsdpathway.com)
  • Conclusions and Clinical Relevance -Results of our study affirm the presence of guanine nucleotide binding protein linked adenosine receptors (ie, high-affinity A 1 and A 2a adenosine receptors) in equine forebrain tissues and reveal the antagonistic actions by caffeine and several biologically active caffeine metabolites. (avma.org)
  • These include increasing intracellular concentrations of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (ITP) and diacylglycerol (DAG) as well as promoting Ca influx through L-type Ca channels. (vin.com)
  • ‌74‌ ] The kinase requires adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which needs to be regenerated, making the process more complex. (thieme.com)
  • Other members of this family (also known as the RK family) include ribokinase (RK), inosine-guanosine kinase, fructokinase, and 1-phosphofructokinase. (wikipedia.org)
  • [ 2 , 3 ] One disorder is adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency, which is Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) subject number 102700, and the other is purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency, which is OMIM subject number 164050. (medscape.com)
  • In both adenosine deaminase and purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiencies, thymocytes are thought to be selectively destroyed because of elevated levels of dATP and dGTP. (medscape.com)
  • We have determined the conformations of both nucleoside triphosphates by nuclear magnetic resonance studies and found them to be the same. (nih.gov)
  • nucleoside triphosphates (this includes ATP! (flashcardmachine.com)
  • There are probably additional transduction processes present in the olfactory receptor using inositol triphosphate as the secondary messenger. (pediagenosis.com)
  • The DNA damage index 8-hydroxy-deoxy-guanosine (8-OHdG) and mitochondrial function indices succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), cytochrome C oxidase (CCO), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were detected by enzyme assays. (geneticsmr.com)
  • INTRODUCTION Eukaryotes contain a highly conserved signaling pathway that becomes rapidly activated when adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels decrease, as happens during conditions of nutrient shortage or mitochondrial dysfunction. (nsf.gov)
  • Bacillus stearothermophilus reacted to pseudomonic acid-induced inhibition of isoleucine-transfer ribonucleic acid (RNA) acylation and to energy downshift caused by alpha-methylglucoside addition with accumulation of guanosine 3',5'-polyphosphates [(p)ppGpp] and restriction of RNA synthesis. (rhea-db.org)
  • Although the precise mechanism of action is not fully known, the antimonials are known to inhibit glycotic enzymes and fatty acid oxidation in leishmania amastigotes, and there is a dose dependent inhibition in net formation of adenosine triphosphate(ATP) and guanosine triphosphate (GTP)[ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The majority of these compounds share a common mechanism of action - they competitively inhibit adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at the catalytic binding site of the targeted protein [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP) are the most essential energy source in enormous biological processes. (bvsalud.org)