• The variants in these cation transporters may increase their activities to alleviate cation leakage due to ethanol stress. (researchgate.net)
  • To deter- mine the effect of the G609D mutation on Cphy3925 enzyme activity, we purified WT and ET versions of the enzyme (Fig. 3A) and tested their in vitro catalysis of the two-step, bidirectional reactions converting acetyl-CoA to ethanol using either NADH or NADPH cofactors. (researchgate.net)
  • The mutated Cphy3925 lost NAD(H)-dependent activities, but, unlike the mutated AdhE in C. thermocellum , the G609D mutation did not result in NADPH-dependent ADH activity (Fig. 3B to E). Instead, our results support the notion that the ET strain arrested AdhE-mediated interconversion of acetyl-CoA, acetaldehyde, and ethanol, which helps explain why the C. phytofermentans ET strain had lower ethanol yield. (researchgate.net)
  • AdhE loss of function could mitigate ethanol stress by reducing intracellular levels of ethanol and its highly toxic precursor, acetaldehyde. (researchgate.net)
  • Together, these enzymes couple decarboxylation of pyruvate to ethanol with the oxidation of NADH and thus represent an alternative to the AdhE ethanol formation pathway. (researchgate.net)
  • Thus, Huh-7 may be more vulnerable to ethanol toxicity because of the higher levels of acetaldehyde. (springer.com)
  • Pharmacological inhibition of the embryonic alcohol dehydrogenase activity, prevents the oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde that in turn functions as a RALDH2 inhibitor. (xenbase.org)
  • RA production by hRALDH2 is efficiently inhibited by acetaldehyde but not by ethanol itself. (xenbase.org)
  • We conclude that acetaldehyde is the teratogenic derivative of ethanol responsible for the reduction in RA signaling and induction of the developmental malformations characteristic of FASD. (xenbase.org)
  • Acetaldehyde phenocopies the malformations induced by ethanol. (xenbase.org)
  • cancer cells have a greater capability for ethanol oxidation and less ability to remove acetaldehyde. (precisionfda.org)
  • Many recent data revealed that kidney alcohol dehydrogenase activity increased significantly after ethanol administration what affected the capacity of the kidney to prevent NADH accumulation in the cytosol. (precisionfda.org)
  • In this study, saliva samples from oral cancer patients and healthy individuals were incubated in vitro with ethanol in order to investigate factors which can influence salivary acetaldehyde production. (hippokratia.gr)
  • After in vitro incubation of the samples with ethanol, the levels of salivary acetaldehyde production was measured by head space gas chromatography. (hippokratia.gr)
  • The evaluation of salivary acetaldehyde production after in vitro incubation with ethanol may be useful for early detection of oral cancer. (hippokratia.gr)
  • Recent biochemical and epidemiological findings strongly suggest that acetaldehyde, the first metabolite of ethanol, plays an important role in alcohol-related carcinogenesis in the UADT consisting oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and esophagus 5-8 . (hippokratia.gr)
  • Acetaldehyde (CH 3 CHO, CAS # 75-07-0) is a metabolite of ethanol which comprises in the human body after the consumption of alcoholic beverages 9-11 . (hippokratia.gr)
  • Intracellular formation of acetaldehyde from ethanol is produced in the epithelial cells by mucosalalcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), however much higher levels derive from microbialoxidation of ethanol by the oral microflora. (hippokratia.gr)
  • The enzymatic conversion of ethanol produced by the physiological oral microflora may lead to accumulation of increased levels of the carcinogenic intermediate acetaldehyde 2,12,13 . (hippokratia.gr)
  • The proposed project focuses on the investigation of the nature of active sites in vanadia supported catalysts and their activity/selectivity in selective oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde. (orlenunicre.cz)
  • The activity of the catalysts having different distribution of the vanadium species will be determined for selective oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde. (orlenunicre.cz)
  • It facilitates the rapid elimination of acetaldehyde (produced by the oxidation of ethanol that is popularly believed to cause hangovers) and ensures protection from alcohol-induced hepatic damage. (dogsandthecityph.com)
  • It facilitates the rapid elimination of acetaldehyde produced by the oxidation of ethanol and ensures protection from alcohol-induced hepatic damage. (mygymsupps.com)
  • the remainder is metabolized, mainly by the liver, where alcohol dehydrogenase converts ethanol to acetaldehyde. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Acetaldehyde is also an endogenous metabolite produced from ethanol. (who.int)
  • Ethanol oxidation also occurs, to a limited extent, in nearby tissues. (who.int)
  • About 25% of the ethanol we drink is oxidized to acetaldehyde in this way. (nih.gov)
  • 1913 Webster] Acetous fermentation or Acetic fermentation , a form of oxidation in which alcohol is converted into vinegar or acetic acid by the agency of a specific fungus ( Mycoderma aceti ) or series of enzymes. (freedictionary.org)
  • Acetaldehyde is primarily used as an intermediate in the manufacturing of acetic acid, flavorings, aniline dyes, plastics and synthetic rubber, in some fuel compounds and in the manufacture of numerous other products (Muttray et al. (who.int)
  • Thus, American patent US-A-2 223 4 93, published in December 1940, describes the oxidation of cyclic hydrocarbons to the corresponding diacids, in a liquid phase generally comprising acetic acid, at a temperature of at least 60°C, using a gas containing oxygen and in the presence of an oxidation catalyst such as a cobalt compound. (allindianpatents.com)
  • American patent US-A-4 902 827, published in February 1990, describes an improvement to the air oxidation of cyclohexane to adipic acid, in a liquid phase comprising acetic acid, at a temperature of from 80°C to 160°C and in the presence of an oxidation catalyst comprising a soluble cobalt compound and a solublezirconium and/or hafnium compound. (allindianpatents.com)
  • Pyridine & pyridine bases are manufactured by the reaction of acetaldehyde with ammonium acetate, where acetic acid is used as a solvent, in a refluxing tank reactor under atmospheric pressure. (marketsandmarkets.com)
  • Acetaldehyde is metabolized further to acetic acid by aldehyde dehydrogenase. (medscape.com)
  • This reaction results in the production of acetaldehyde, a carcinogenic compound, which is enzymatically reduced to acetate by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) [ 12 ]. (springer.com)
  • Numerous experiments have shown that acetaldehyde has direct mutagenic and carcinogenic effect because of interferes with DNA synthesis and repair and forms of stable adducts [22]. (precisionfda.org)
  • There is increasing evidence that a majorpart of the tumour-promoting action of alcohol might be mediatedvia its first, toxic and carcinogenic metabolite acetaldehyde. (hippokratia.gr)
  • Acetaldehyde is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B) because there is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde, and there is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde. (who.int)
  • ADH catalyzes the oxidation of retinol to retinal, which is converted to retinoic acid by ALDH. (precisionfda.org)
  • An enzyme found primarily in BACTERIA and FUNGI that catalyzes the oxidation of ammonium hydroxide to nitrite. (lookformedical.com)
  • An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of nitrite to nitrate. (lookformedical.com)
  • 2004). Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) belongs to the ALDH9 family and catalyses the irreversible oxidation of betaine aldehyde to glycine betaine (N, N, N-trimethyl amine), a vital osmolyte accumulated in cells under osmotic stress (Chen and Murata, 2011). (precisionfda.org)
  • All-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) is the most active, natural derivative of vitamin A. It is produced by the irreversible oxidation of all-trans retinaldehyde. (silverchair.com)
  • Enzymatic kinetic analysis of human RALDH2 shows a preference for acetaldehyde as a substrate over retinaldehyde. (xenbase.org)
  • Purified AldA showed broad substrate specificity for oxidation of several aldehydes, including formaldehyde, methylglyoxal, acetaldehyde and glycol aldehyde. (uea.ac.uk)
  • The main objective of the study was to investigate retinaldehyde dehydrogenases (RALDHs), of which retinal is the main substrate and ALDH2, the mitochondrial isoform, having acetaldehyde as the main substrate. (silverchair.com)
  • Acrolein was first produced commercially in the 1930s through the vapor phase condensation of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde (Etzkorn et al. (cdc.gov)
  • By combining the catalytic data with the detailed physico-chemical characterization of the catalysts, the role (activity/selectivity) of different vanadium species will be determined. (orlenunicre.cz)
  • The catalytic system comprising manganese and/or cobalt, chromium and iron compounds makes it possible to prepare adipic acid directly with good selectivity and improved production efficiency, when the oxidation of cyclohexane is performed. (allindianpatents.com)
  • The ET strain has a G609D variant in Cphy3925 AdhE, a putative acetaldehyde-CoA dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). (researchgate.net)
  • The major alcohol metabolism pathway is through oxidation by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). (springer.com)
  • Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) enzymatic activity is involved in this process. (bvsalud.org)
  • In our previous study we found that the total activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase in cancer ON123300 of RCC is at the same level as in normal renal tissue [10]. (precisionfda.org)
  • We also found that renal cell cancer patients have significantly higher total activity of alcohol dehydrogenase and its class I isoenzyme in the serum. (precisionfda.org)
  • The kidney was not able to balance the NADH excess even though an increase in malate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate and alanine transaminase activities was noted [23]. (precisionfda.org)
  • Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), a cytosolic enzyme, metabolizes alcohol to acetaldehyde in hepatocytes. (medscape.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: Acetaldehyde can accumulate in cells and form acetaldehyde-DNA adducts that result in digestive tract cancer development. (bvsalud.org)
  • During treatment with Metron should avoid alcohol because to violations of the oxidation of alcohol can accumulate acetaldehyde. (sdrugs.com)
  • The direct oxidation with oxygen of hydrocarbons, more particularly of cycloalkanes, in the presence of a catalyst, is a process which has been studied for a long time. (allindianpatents.com)
  • In the many variants of such a process of catalytic oxidation with oxygen, cobalt is the catalyst most frequently recommended. (allindianpatents.com)
  • More recently, it has been recommended in patent EP-A-0 694 333 to use, in the context of the oxidation of hydrocarbons with oxygen, a catalyst comprising a cobalt salt and a ferric salt. (allindianpatents.com)
  • Liver and colorectum cancer cells exhibits increased activity of ADH I what is the reason of elevated activity of this isoenzyme in the serum of cancer patients. (precisionfda.org)
  • It also restores the functional activity of the liver by cellular regeneration and improves appetite. (mygymsupps.com)
  • Metron is metabolized in the liver by oxidation and binding to glucuronic acid. (sdrugs.com)
  • The obtained results indicated that the tested extracts exhibited differential regulatory effects on RALDHs/ALDH2 and some of them showed a potential selective inhibition of the activity of RALDHs. (silverchair.com)
  • Los resultados muestran que el tratamiento con fenofibrato no solo aumenta la actividad de catalasa en el hígado de ratas bebedoras de alcohol, sino que también incrementa los niveles y la actividad de ADH1, sin alterar ALDH2. (adicciones.es)
  • An intermediate product, acetaldehyde, is formed in the first process. (freedictionary.org)
  • Among these hydrocarbons, the cycloalkanes, in particular those which have a ring containing from 5 to 12 carbon atoms, are definitely the most important, since their oxidation leads to dicarboxylic acids or to the intermediate cycloalkanols and cycloalkanones. (allindianpatents.com)
  • The present process may also be used for the oxidation of the intermediate alcohols or ketones, in particular cycloalkanols and cyclohexanones containing from 5 to 12 carbon atoms, to prepare the corresponding dicarboxylic acids. (allindianpatents.com)
  • Increasing use of acetaldehyde as an important chemical intermediate in various applications, such as food & beverage, chemicals, plastics, and paints & coatings is driving the acetaldehyde market in the Asia Pacific. (marketsandmarkets.com)
  • 2018), Acetaldehyde inhibits retinoic acid biosynthesi. (xenbase.org)
  • Acetaldehyde inhibits retinoic acid biosynthesis to mediate alcohol teratogenicity. (xenbase.org)
  • Acetaldehyde induces a reduction in retinoic acid signaling. (xenbase.org)
  • During the 1960s, propylene oxidation was greatly enhanced by the introduction of bismuth molybdate-based catalysts and has since become the primary method used for the commercial production of acrolein. (cdc.gov)
  • Pyridine & pyridine base derivative lead the overall acetaldehyde market, due to their use as scavengers and as catalysts in several reactions. (marketsandmarkets.com)
  • Crotonaldehyde is generally produced by aldol condensation of acetaldehyde, followed by dehydration. (cdc.gov)
  • We provide biochemical and developmental evidence identifying acetaldehyde as responsible for this inhibition. (xenbase.org)
  • Acetaldehyde-mediated reduction of RA can be rescued by RALDH2 or retinaldehyde supplementation. (xenbase.org)
  • In esophagus and stomach neoplasma, cancer cells have increased activity of ADH IV and patients have elevated ADH IV activity in serum [7]. (precisionfda.org)
  • During alcohol consumption, acetaldehyde is formed in the digestive system by microbes in normal gut and flora. (who.int)
  • Occupational exposure to acetaldehyde may occur by inhalation and skin exposure at workplaces where this compound is produced or used. (who.int)
  • The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. (lookformedical.com)
  • The decreased insulin-to-glucagon ratio that occurs in starvation indirectly reduces the inhibition on CAT activity, thereby allowing more free fatty acids to undergo oxidation and ketone body formation. (medscape.com)
  • Considering all these findings, this review summarizes the novel enzymatic activities of LAB that positively or negatively affect the quality of wine. (frontiersin.org)
  • ADH activity and ALDH expression were much lower in SNU449 compared with Huh-7 cells and at the 270 mM dose, CAE decreased cell viability by about 50% and 80%, respectively, in Huh-7 and SNU449 cells but induced mortality only in Huh-7 cells. (springer.com)
  • There is no significant difference between ALDH activity in serum cancer patients and healthy controls. (precisionfda.org)
  • Moreover differences in ADH and ALDH activity between cancer cells and healthy tissue may be one of the factors intensifying carcinogenesis. (precisionfda.org)
  • Disturbances between ADH and ALDH activities in cancer cells of renal cell carcinoma can lead to disorders in RA synthesis what can be a factor entangled in kidney carcinogenesis. (precisionfda.org)
  • the authors of the paper I am discussing here ( Biosci Rep (2021) 41 (5): BSR20210491 https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20210491 )-point that there is a lack of research on the use of spices and herbs as the sources of naturally occurring modulators of ALDH activity. (silverchair.com)
  • Alcohol accumulates in blood because absorption is more rapid than oxidation and elimination. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Personal task-based sampling among process operators ranged from 0.2 to 14 mg/m3 acetaldehyde (van Rooy et al. (who.int)
  • In the text hereinbelow, the process will be described more particularly for the oxidation of hydrocarbons, essentially cycloalkanes, and preferably for the oxidation of cyclohexane. (allindianpatents.com)
  • In a process called β oxidation , the alkyl chains of fatty acids are shortened sequentially by blocks of two carbon atoms at a time, thereby converting the fatty acids to acetyl CoA . (nih.gov)
  • A process involving direct oxidation of 1,3-butadiene to crotonaldehyde with palladium catalysis has also been reported. (cdc.gov)
  • The antiperoxidative activity of Liv.52 prevents the loss of functional integrity of the cell membrane, maintains cytochrome P-450 (a large and diverse group of enzymes, which catalyze the oxidation of organic substances), hastens the recovery period and ensures early restoration of hepatic functions in infective hepatitis. (dogsandthecityph.com)
  • Other potential contributions include pectinolytic activity, which could aid juice clarification and the ability to break down acetaldehyde, even when bound to SO 2 , reducing the need for SO 2 additions during winemaking. (frontiersin.org)
  • ASEV 2021 Keynote Lecture: New insights into bound SO 2 and wine oxidation. (awri.com.au)
  • A task-based acetaldehyde air concentration of 0.19 ppm was measured during pouring and mixing of ingredients for a fruit flavor in the liquid production room. (who.int)
  • The highest task-based acetaldehyde air concentration (4.02 ppm) was measured during packaging of a powdered dairy-flavored product in the powder production room. (who.int)
  • According to the results of this study, the significantly higher levels of salivary acetaldehyde production in oral cancer patients and individuals with poor dental health status may suggest a possible link between increased salivary acetaldehyde production and oral cancer. (hippokratia.gr)
  • Enzymes from LAB that can exert their activity in wine include glycosidases, esterases, proteases and others ( Liu, 2002 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Poor dental health status, infrequent oral hygiene habits and dental visits, smoking and presence of a dental prosthesis were significant parameters for increased levels of salivary acetaldehyde production from alcohol. (hippokratia.gr)
  • Improved oral hygiene can effectively decrease the level of salivary acetaldehyde production in oral cavity. (hippokratia.gr)
  • Many fruits, such as apples, may have their own metabolic pathways for acetaldehyde production. (who.int)
  • In a facility that manufactures flavorings, modified dairy products and bacterial additives, NIOSH (2007) reported mean, full-shift time-weighted average (TWA) acetaldehyde air concentrations of 0.14 ppm in the powder production room, 0.07 ppm in the liquid production room, and 0.07 ppm in the pre-production corridor. (who.int)
  • TWA acetaldehyde air concentrations were 0.44 ppm in the spray-drying room, 0.343 ppm in the powder production room, 0.273 ppm in the liquid production room, and 0.029 ppm in the pre-production corridor. (who.int)
  • It causes the production of abnormal proteins with impaired biological activity. (lookformedical.com)
  • Kinetic activity assays revealed that AldA is irreversibly inhibited under H2O2 treatment in vitro due to overoxidation of Cys279 in the absence of BSH. (uea.ac.uk)
  • In an investigation to evaluate environmental tobacco smoke exposure among casino dealers in three U.S. casinos, NIOSH (2009a) found that the levels of acetaldehyde in full-shift personal breathing zone ranged from 4.8 to 17.0 g/m3. (who.int)
  • For example, LAB exhibit peptidolytic and proteolytic activity that could break down the proteins causing wine haze, potentially reducing the need for bentonite addition. (frontiersin.org)
  • Sources of acetaldehyde are industrial burning processes, traffic emissions or emissions emerging from the combustion of wood. (who.int)
  • The authors emphasized the need for the search for the compounds having an influence on the activity of these enzymes because of their potential use in cancer therapy. (silverchair.com)
  • Enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of a carbon-carbon bond by means other than hydrolysis or oxidation. (lookformedical.com)
  • For most drinkers, the frequency and amount of alcohol consumption does not impair physical or mental health or the ability to safely carry out daily activities. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Beer (9 ± 7 mg/l, range 0-63 mg/l) had significantly lower acetaldehyde contents than wine (34 ± 34 mg/l, range 0-211 mg/l), or spirits (66 ± 101 mg/l, range 0-1159 mg/l). (who.int)
  • Three recent studies have reported acetaldehyde air concentrations in facilities that produce and use flavorings. (who.int)