• Senescent cells cause harm through what is known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) , the secretion of signals that spur inflammation, tissue modeling, and alterations in cellular behavior. (fightaging.org)
  • Senescent cells are characterized by an upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, which is termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). (nature.com)
  • In vitro incubated rat islet B cells differ in their individual rates of protein synthesis. (jci.org)
  • In the SMC the secretory protein forms a smaller part of the total protein synthesized than in other secretory cells studied. (rupress.org)
  • These showed a clear downregulation of genes related to protein translation with decreasing growth rates, thus revealing the yeast translation machinery as cellular engineering target. (boku.ac.at)
  • Furthermore, translation activity, correlating to the obtained secreted recombinant protein yields, selected transcript levels and total protein content were higher in the engineered cells. (boku.ac.at)
  • Contrary to other researchers Mackie & Pangborn (1990) concluded that mastication increases the salivary secretion rate but not the concentration of protein and sAA. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • They failed to prove a relationship between sAA concentration and salivary flow rate, although they found indications for mastication induced changes in salivary protein concentration [ 23 ]. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • Program access grant to the STFC Harwell Laser Facility 'The Plant Cell Initiative: Protein interactions in the higher plant secretory pathway' 2017-2021 (approximate value of £200K). (brookes.ac.uk)
  • Parasympathetic stimulation prompts high flow with a low glycoprotein content, and sympathetic activity prompts a low flow rate and saliva that is more viscous because of increased protein and glycoprotein content. (medscape.com)
  • The protein produced from this gene is a transcription factor, which means that it attaches (binds) to specific regions of DNA and helps control the activity of particular genes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Although the chronic stress of caring for a sick/disabled relative has been associated with poorer immunity using a range of outcomes, its impact on secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) in saliva has yet to be examined. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • Saliva contains a number of components, including various electrolytes, glycoproteins, enzymes, and mucus, as well as secretory immunoglobulin A, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and peroxidase-with the latter 4 components important in that they exhibit antibacterial activity. (medscape.com)
  • There are two main types of sweat glands that differ in their structure, function, secretory product, mechanism of excretion, anatomic distribution, and distribution across species: Eccrine sweat glands are distributed almost all over the human body, in varying densities, with the highest density in palms and soles, then on the head, but much less on the trunk and the extremities. (wikipedia.org)
  • Generally, sweat glands consist of a secretory unit that produces sweat, and a duct that carries the sweat away. (wikipedia.org)
  • The muscles are those that work involuntarily controlling the internal body organs, while secretory glands such as sweat glands are found throughout the body. (theonlineclinic.co.uk)
  • The association between caries experience/activity and the electrophoretic profiles of salivary proteins lactoferrin and lysozyme was evaluated. (bvsalud.org)
  • This microbiota is influenced by both specific (antibodies) and non-specific (innate) components such as antimicrobial proteins lysozyme (LZ) and lactoferrin (LF) associated with the secretory immunologic system. (bvsalud.org)
  • Salivary gland function was evaluated 18 days after irradiation using salivary gland flow rate (SFR), gene expression (by qRT-PCR) and histopathology. (lu.se)
  • By contrast, NSPs elastase, proteinase 3, cathepsin G, and NSP4 are fully processed and are stored as active enzymes in granules of the regulated secretory pathway. (lestudium-ias.com)
  • It is stored as a prohormone within secretory granules in the ventricles and is secreted as an N-terminal fragment, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (nt-pro-BNP), and the smaller active hormone BNP. (afibbers.org)
  • To construct their model, the team studied electron microscope images of mollusk mantles to understand the neurons connecting the sensing cells in the mantle with the secretory cells that produce calcium carbonate and pigmented proteins. (scienceblog.com)
  • Gyp1p also stimulated the GTPase activity of several other yeast Rab proteins including Ypt1p, Ypt7p, and Ypt51p but showed no GAP activity on Ypt6p and Ypt32p. (embl.de)
  • HMGA proteins and NAMPT promote the proinflammatory SASP through NAD + -mediated suppression of AMPK kinase, which suppresses the p53-mediated inhibition of p38 MAPK to enhance NF-κB activity. (nature.com)
  • In contrast, the magnitudes of the breast milk IgA and secretory IgA responses against HIV-1 envelope proteins were associated with reduced risk of postnatal HIV-1 transmission. (duke.edu)
  • 31, 44, 81) The biological activity (glucocorticoid activity and negative inhibition of CRF and ACTH secretions) of cortisol in blood is the function of a small free fraction or unbound to serum proteins. (medium.com)
  • The secretory activity of the cauda increased significantly in terms of luminal proteins as compared to caput and corpus. (edu.in)
  • As a result of odontoblastic activity, some non-collagenous proteins are secreted and the density of the collagenous network increases before the dentin mineralization front. (intelligentdental.com)
  • Here, we show that nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme of the NAD + salvage pathway, governs the proinflammatory SASP independent of senescence-associated growth arrest. (nature.com)
  • But why do the units associated with air as the pathway represent an external concentration, and then those associated with soil and surface water as the pathways represent an internal, mass-based, dose rate? (cdc.gov)
  • D ) Virus neutralized by secretory antibodies like IgA. (news-medical.net)
  • NP antibodies are not associated with protection through neutralizing activity, but VRP vaccination results in NP antibodies possessing Fc-mediated antibody effector functions, such as complement activation (ADCD) and antibody-mediated cellular phagocytosis (ADCP). (cdc.gov)
  • The calcium ion is essential to any physiologic phenomena, including preservation of the integrity of cellular membranes, neuromuscular activity, regulation of endocrine and exocrine secretory activities, blood coagulation, activation of the complement system, and bone metabolism. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Following irradiation, SFR decreased while senescence-associated β-galactosidase-positive cells (via immunofluorescences) and senescence-related genes and secretory-phenotypes (e.g., p21 and MMP3 in qRT-PCR) increased. (lu.se)
  • SFR was unchanged following EVs treatment, but senescence-associated genes and secretory-phenotypes decreased. (lu.se)
  • This study showed increased secretory IgA production, and lower proinflammatory cytokine production following infection. (news-medical.net)
  • Cell viability, apoptosis, and proliferation rate were not affected. (lu.se)
  • Aldosterone accounts for 90% of mineralocorticoid activity, with some activity contributed by deoxycorticosterone, corticosterone, and cortisol. (medscape.com)
  • The normal concentration of aldosterone in the blood ranges from 2-16 ng/dL supine and 5-41 ng/dL upright, although the concentration exhibits diurnal variation, and the secretory rate is generally 150-250 mcg/d. (medscape.com)
  • Cortisol promotes conservation of glucose to maintain the activity of glyconeogenic enzymes in the liver, and inhibits glucose utilization in the peripheral tissues. (medium.com)
  • In both sweat gland types, the secretory coils are surrounded by contractile myoepithelial cells that function to facilitate excretion of secretory product. (wikipedia.org)
  • The secretory activities of the gland cells and the contractions of myoepithelial cells are controlled by both the autonomic nervous system and by the circulating hormones. (wikipedia.org)
  • Differences in glucose recognition by individual rat pancreatic B cells are associated with intercellular differences in glucose-induced biosynthetic activity. (jci.org)
  • The number of cells in biosynthetic activity increases with the glucose concentration. (jci.org)
  • Its higher biosynthetic activity was mainly caused by recruitment of cells into active synthesis and, to a lesser extent, by higher biosynthetic activity per recruited cell. (jci.org)
  • Cells from the glucose-sensitive subpopulation were larger, and presented a threefold higher density of a pale secretory vesicle subtype, which is thought to contain unprocessed proinsulin. (jci.org)
  • The researchers traced the trail of brain activity that begins with a mollusk's tongue-like organ called a mantle and leads to the cells that produce the shell and pigmentation. (scienceblog.com)
  • The team found that the excitatory and inhibitory synapses-which promote or diminish cell activity-surrounding the secretory cells and the cells' firing thresholds act as a neural network that determines how much calcium and pigment the mollusk secretes. (scienceblog.com)
  • This effect is probably due to the increase in GAP activity, which can be observed in a lysate from cells overexpressing Gyp1p. (embl.de)
  • Given that autophagy is initiated upon suppressed mTORC1 activity, a protective autophagy in Ras-transformed cells with a high level of mTORC1 activity appears to be mTORC1-independent [ 20 , 21 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • One of the mechanisms of high basal autophagy activity in cancer Ras-expressing cells might be associated with high PP2A phosphatase activity targeting directly ULK1-Ser757 that could explain apparent contradiction: maintenance of high mTORC1 functions and high autophagic activity simultaneously [ 22 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • We hypothesize that, in Sec10-KD cells, the disrupted exocyst activity results in increased apoptotic level of sensitivity through defective main cilia signaling and that, in combination with an increased basal cell extrusion rate, it impacts epithelial hurdle homeostasis and integrity. (mindunwindart.com)
  • We suggest that an analysis of the apoptotic rate induced by serum in Jurkat cells and the levels of soluble CD95 in serum could be helpful during the prognosis and treatment of women detected with precancerous lesions or cervical cancer. (pdgfreceptor.com)
  • Acetylcholine attaches to specific acetylcholine receptors on muscle cells and glands thereby stimulating muscle cell activity and the secretion of glands. (theonlineclinic.co.uk)
  • Young odontoblasts are secretorily active and produce predentin at a faster rate than the older cells. (intelligentdental.com)
  • The researchers also found three basic patterns of shell pigmentation determined by excitatory and inhibitory activity: stripes perpendicular to the growing edge, bands parallel to the growing edge, and more complex "traveling wave" patterns such as zigzags and chevrons. (scienceblog.com)
  • However, overexpression of Gyp1p was inhibitory in combination with a subset of secretory mutants including sec4-8 and several ypt1 mutants. (embl.de)
  • The restoration of normal feeding and/or eliminating the main stressors induces the recovery of reproductive function and of the all hypothalamic activities [4]. (researchgate.net)
  • The motor domain catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP to power the translocation of actin filaments, a function referred to as motor activity. (elifesciences.org)
  • Silencing of Chl1 impairs β-cell function by disrupting the activity of key signaling pathways of importance for insulin biosynthesis and secretion. (lu.se)
  • These terminals transduce thermal, mechanical, and chemical stimuli such that the rate of axon discharge is increased as a function of stimulus intensity. (jneurosci.org)
  • improves digestion (stimulates appetite, intensifies the secretory and motor function of the stomach). (aptekastore.com)
  • Medical management is directed towards correcting oral motor dysfunction and decreasing the secretory volume of salivary glands. (medscape.com)
  • Moreover, PLS fibroblasts showed reduced growth rates and abnormal morphology with marked autophagic dysfunction. (lestudium-ias.com)
  • Russell, J. A. / Rapid Estradiol-17β Modulation of Opioid Actions on the Electrical and Secretory Activity of Rat Oxytocin Neurons In vivo . (ed.ac.uk)
  • Here, combining the biochemical analysis of enzymatic and motile properties for purified myosin mutants with in vivo measurements of apical constriction for the same mutants, we show that in vivo constriction rate scales with myosin motor activity. (elifesciences.org)
  • In two other species, monkeys and rabbits, doses of 5 mg/kg, po, given three times daily for 5 days did not produce apparent secretory or visual changes. (nih.gov)
  • Komagataella phaffii), which is known for its high secretory efficiency and biomass yield. (boku.ac.at)
  • In vitro longevity of cauda epididymal sperms indicated a faster rate of DNA damage and higher damage was reported after 24hrs of preservation. (edu.in)
  • The extracts were assessed for Possible abortifacient effects by an in vitro method of testing for uterotonic activity. (who.int)
  • In all these studies, the fluctuation of the salivary flow rate coincides with the fluctuation in the sAA concentration. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • However, it is unclear whether the fluctuation of sAA concentration is an effect of the altered salivary flow rate or if it directly depends on the above mentioned stress factors. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • Thus, it remains unclear whether an increase of the salivary flow rate alters the sAA concentration in the absence of a systemically affecting factor. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • Groups A and B intervened with BA showed significant higher level of TBA in both maternal and fetal serum, more mortality rate of fetal rats, more concentration of SP-A in fetal serum, and wider alveolus mesenchyme of fetal rats than the control Group C. Higher level of BA associated with increased fetal risk and lower numerical density of mitochondria in type II alveolar epithelial cells. (hindawi.com)
  • This time the units are for an external concentration, in mg/L, instead of the internal dose rate of mg/kg/day shown in Fig. 17. (cdc.gov)
  • Estradiol-17beta did not alter basal oxytocin neuron firing rate over 30 min, but amplified naloxone-induced increases in firing rate. (ed.ac.uk)
  • The defect in the myosin motor activity in these mutants is evident in developing Drosophila embryos where tissue recoil following laser ablation is decreased compared to wild-type tissue. (elifesciences.org)
  • Changes in hormone metabolism mediated by exogenous interferences may interfere with the prostatic physiology resulting in changes in the secretory activity of the gland and in the regulation of hormonal receptors. (unesp.br)
  • Sixty one plants reputed to have anti-fertility activity were tested on female Sprague-Dawley rats, in order to isolate active compounds with a potential for use in human fertility regulation. (who.int)
  • Specifically, overexpression of factors associated with the closedloop conformation, a structure that increases stability and rates of translation initiation before start codon scanning is initiated, showed the strongest effects. (boku.ac.at)
  • The degree of secretory activity is regulated by neural and hormonal mechanisms (men sweat more than women). (wikipedia.org)
  • The present study investigated the antiulcer activity of Udumbara Ghanasatwa at two graded doses by pylorus ligation model in rats. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Then for evaluating current risks of adverse health effects due to soil contamination, by means of Figs. 25 and 26, you revert to using the MRL as a criterion, because all the calculated current doses rates are below it. (cdc.gov)
  • The local action of these released peptides are known to increase tissue blood flow, capillary permeability, and inflammatory cell activities ( Holzer, 1988 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Titrate based on heart rate, PR interval, blood pressure and symptoms. (nih.gov)
  • Pulsatile tinnitus is a rhythmical noise that beats at the same rate as the heart and is the sound of blood circulating the body. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The glucose-sensitive subpopulation exhibited four- to fivefold higher rates of insulin synthesis during 60-min incubations at 2.5-10 mM glucose. (jci.org)
  • CHL1 expression was found to correlate positively with insulin secretory index, GLP1R but inversely with HbA 1c and BMI. (lu.se)
  • Decreases rate of mexiletine absorption. (nih.gov)
  • It was generally believed that parotid flow rates were age-stable in healthy people. (medscape.com)
  • Prevalence, incidence, and mortality rates increase with age. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Deletion of the GYP1 gene or overexpression of Gyp1p did not alter the growth rate of yeast. (embl.de)
  • Not only did these interventions enhance the health of the animals, but lowered the viral load in their lungs and boosted survival rates. (news-medical.net)
  • 1 The 5- and 10-year relative overall survival rates after diagnosis are 78% and 65%, respectively. (indianvartha.com)
  • Clidinium bromide is an effective anticholinergic agent with activity approximating that of atropine sulfate against acetylcholine-induced spasms in isolated intestinal strips. (nih.gov)
  • Work done using smooth muscle myosin and mammalian non-muscle myosin have demonstrated that phosphorylation of the RLC at conserved Serine and Threonine sites ( Figure 1B , Serine-19 and Threonine-18) activates myosin motor activity, enhances the affinity of myosin for actin, and promotes myosin filament assembly ( Heissler and Sellers, 2016 ). (elifesciences.org)
  • We find that early transcriptional patterning of key morphogenetic transcription factors drives the selective activation of downstream morphogenetic modules, such as GPCR signaling that activates apical-medial actomyosin activity to drive cell wedging at the future asymmetrically placed invagination point. (elifesciences.org)
  • While ACC is slow-growing with a high five-year survival rate, it often comes back after many years. (indianvartha.com)
  • Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus with a high case fatality rate. (cdc.gov)
  • The secretory coil or base, is set deep in the lower dermis and hypodermis, and the entire gland is surrounded by adipose tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although, the non-muscle myosin II holoenzyme (myosin) is a molecular motor that powers contraction of actin cytoskeleton networks, recent studies have questioned the importance of myosin motor activity cell and tissue shape changes. (elifesciences.org)
  • Overall, our data highlights that myosin activity is required for rapid cell contraction and tissue folding in developing Drosophila embryos. (elifesciences.org)
  • Then, Fig. 17 is interpreted to indicate that, even thought dose rates for internal absorption in 6-year olds could have been higher than MRL between 1953 and 1973, still no adverse health effects due to soil and water contamination occurred in the past because the exposure levels were always less than the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL). (cdc.gov)
  • Depending on the dose, anisotropine methylbromide may reduce the motility and secretory activity of the gastrointestinal system, and the tone of the ureter and urinary bladder and may have a slight relaxant action on the bile ducts and gallbladder. (pharmacycode.com)
  • Then, for past soil and surface water contamination, an internal chemical dose rate, designated and MRL, is given in units of mg/kg/day. (cdc.gov)
  • Another study showed that influenza fatality rates dropped from 100% to 60% when dead and live probiotics, respectively, were administered, and from 60% to 30% when the intranasal route was used. (news-medical.net)
  • We found no association between milk or plasma neutralization activity, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, or HIV-1 envelope-specific IgG responses and postnatal transmission risk. (duke.edu)
  • Newer induction immunosuppressive agent combinations [T-cell-depleting antibody (anti-CD3 antibody, alemtuzumab, or antithymocyte globulin) and a tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- α ) inhibitor (etanercept or infliximab)] have improved long-term diabetes reversal rates (~50% in 5 years at the most experienced centers) [ 9 ], presumably by preserving transplanted β -cell mass. (hindawi.com)
  • We further show that estradiol-17beta alone rapidly modifies opioid interactions with oxytocin neurons, by recording their firing rate in anesthetized rats sensitized to naloxone by morphine dependence. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal strongly increased the firing rate of oxytocin neurons in morphine dependent rats. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Firing pattern analysis indicated that acute estradiol-17beta increased oxytocin secretion in dependent rats by increasing action potential clustering without an overall increase in firing rate. (ed.ac.uk)
  • caregivers in the eldest cohort had lower S-IgA secretion rates than their non-caregiving counterparts. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • Caregiving strain and burden and S-IgA were related, such that caregivers who experienced greater strain and burden had lower S-IgA secretion rates. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • The lower rate of wild-type pF21 plasmid loss may be explained by its more repressed nature. (bardonreorg.hu)
  • However, it has not been biochemically demonstrated that Drosophila myosin motor activity and filament assembly is regulated by RLC phosphorylation or whether the extent of activation is similar to that of mammalian systems. (elifesciences.org)
  • Next, we tested different methods to generate PCSS using a vibratome and evaluated the slices in terms of viability (by WST-1), gene expression (by qRT-PCR), secreted α-amylase activity (by α-amylase assay kit) and histological/light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) three-dimensional imaging. (lu.se)
  • Facilities that employ HCP are strongly encour- aged to provide vaccine to their staff by using evidence-based approaches that maximize vaccination rates. (cdc.gov)
  • One study indicates that flow rate is not a confounder of stress-induced sAA activation [ 22 ]. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • The aim of this cross sectional study was to examine the sAA activity in resting and stimulated saliva sampled from young adults under no stressful condition. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • Aside from the generation of action potentials, the C-fiber terminal is a secretory system from which peptides such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and tachykinins are released ( Holzer, 1988 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • The secretion of salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) is more associated with psychoneuroendocrinological response to stress than with the flow rate and age. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • The final model consists of two components, the first revealed a positive correlation between age and sAA while the second one revealed a negative correlation between the interaction of age × flow rate in its condition (resting or stimulated saliva), with sAA. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • Both flow rate and age influence sAA activity. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • Salivary flow rate, salivary alpha-amylase, age. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • Nevertheless, the method used for the determination of the salivary flow rate lacks relevant control. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • The importance of the sampling techniques, duration times, and locations on sAA determination and the relationship between salivary flow rate and sAA activity, as well, have been pointed out by other authors too [ 24 ]. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • An explanatory model is suggested based on patterns of relationship between age, flow rate, and sAA activity in resting and stimulating saliva. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • The resting flow rate of whole saliva has been shown to be greater in men than in women (0.1-0.2 mL/min). (medscape.com)
  • While the envelope-specific breast milk and plasma IgA responses also did not reach significance in predicting postnatal transmission risk in the primary model after correction for multiple comparisons, subsequent exploratory analysis using two distinct assay methodologies demonstrated that the magnitudes of breast milk total and secretory IgA responses against a consensus HIV-1 envelope gp140 (B.con env03) were associated with reduced postnatal transmission risk. (duke.edu)
  • The lack of CatC activity results in an almost total elimination of NSPs in neutrophils from PLS patients. (lestudium-ias.com)
  • Recently, bile acid was found to cause surfactant inactivation by enhancing the activity of secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) and induce inflammatory response of fetal lung [ 5 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • It is necessary to identify any stressed situation induced by loss, family or working problems, weight loss or eating disorders, or physical training or agonist activity. (researchgate.net)
  • If someone is suffering from a condition causing conductive hearing loss , such as a perforated eardrum or secretory otitis media (glue ear), they tend to be more aware of sounds from inside their body. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • It can cause failure to gain weight and grow at the expected rate (failure to thrive) and general wasting and weight loss (cachexia). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Different rates of calcium carbonate secretion determine the shape of the shell, while different amounts of pigment result in a pattern unique to each species. (scienceblog.com)
  • The activities of the Ferrari Laboratory are based on both independent basic research and immune monitoring studies. (duke.edu)
  • Each sweat gland receives several nerve fibers that branch out into bands of one or more axons and encircle the individual tubules of the secretory coil. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thereafter dentin formation proceeds as secondary dentinogenesis, which continues at a slower rate than the primary dentinogenesis during the life-time of the individual. (intelligentdental.com)