• Activin receptor-like kinase 7 silencing alleviates cardiomyocyte apoptosis, cardiac fibrosis, and dysfunction in diabetic rats. (nih.gov)
  • There are two predominant types of HHT caused by mutations in endoglin ( ENG ) and ACVRL1 / activin receptor-like kinase 1 ( ALK1 ) genes, named HHT1 and HHT2, respectively. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Inadequate efficacy similarly halted the development of agents impinging on the activity of the activin receptor-like kinase (ALK)1, a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. (lu.se)
  • i.e., activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5) receptor] and TGF-Beta/Smad signaling pathway in CNT-induced collagen production in human lung fibroblasts. (cdc.gov)
  • [ 24 ] Effective therapies for fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva may be based on blocking activinlike kinase-2 or blocking of activin receptor IA/activin-like kinase 2 signaling. (medscape.com)
  • [7] [8] Activin, inhibin and a number of other structurally related proteins such as anti-Müllerian hormone , bone morphogenetic protein , and growth differentiation factor belong to the TGF-β protein superfamily . (wikidoc.org)
  • ACVR2 transmits the growth effects of activin via phosphorylation of SMAD proteins to affect gene transcription. (nih.gov)
  • Activins are dimeric growth and differentiation factors which belong to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily of structurally related signaling proteins. (neuromics.com)
  • Sotatercept binds with high affinity to activin A and other proteins in the TGF-β superfamily and inhibits signaling through the ActRIIA receptor. (shu.edu)
  • TGF-β superfamily members, activins, are disulfide-linked dimeric proteins that were originally isolated from gonadal fluids as proteins that stimulated pituitary FSH release. (assaygenie.com)
  • Activin A is a member of the Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-beta) family of proteins with a wide range of biological activities. (bio-connect.nl)
  • Human Activin A shares 100% amino acid sequence identity with mouse, rat, porcine, bovine, and feline Activin A proteins. (bio-connect.nl)
  • Activins and Inhibins are TGF‑ beta superfamily proteins that regulate a wide range of processes including mesoderm induction, reproductive system development and function, liver growth and regeneration, wound healing, and inflammation. (bio-techne.com)
  • MASLD/MASH is associated with increased senescence proteins, including Activin A, and senolytics have been proposed as a therapeutic approach. (figshare.com)
  • These studies reveal a surprising protective role for Activin A in MASLD and the potential for SASP proteins to have context-specific beneficial effects. (figshare.com)
  • Activation may occur when these ligands, such as BMPs or a protein called activin A, attach (bind) to the receptor or to other proteins with which it forms a complex. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Investigations of activin family proteins as serum biomarkers for chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The ACVR1 gene provides instructions for making the activin receptor type-1 (ACVR1) protein, which is a member of a protein family called bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptors. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Receptors for ACTIVINS are membrane protein kinases belonging to the family of PROTEIN-SERINE-THREONINE KINASES, thus also named activin receptor-like kinases (ALK's). (bvsalud.org)
  • Activins initiate cellular signal transduction by first binding to the type II receptors (ACTIVIN RECEPTORS, TYPE II ) which then recruit and phosphorylate the type I receptors (ACTIVIN RECEPTORS, TYPE I ) with subsequent activation of the type I kinase activity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Activin also regulates the morphogenesis of branching organs such as the prostate , lung , and especially kidney . (wikidoc.org)
  • The beta C subunit regulates Activin induced effects in a variety of systems by forming intracellular dimers with the beta A subunit and impeding the release of Activins A and AB (8, 9). (bio-techne.com)
  • As BMP15 regulates inhibin expression in rodents, we assumed that the ovarian inhibin/activin system could mediate part of the effect of BMP15 mutations in the regulation of ovulation rate in sheep. (inrae.fr)
  • Cdc42 regulates activin B-induced ADSCs transcriptional signature. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Complemented ACVR2 protein complexed with ACVR1 with activin treatment, generating nuclear phosphoSMAD2 and activin-specific gene transcription. (nih.gov)
  • Both of them block signaling mediated by Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β) on the Activin Receptor type IIA (ActRIIA). (shu.edu)
  • Sotatercept is soluble fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of activin receptor type IIA (ActRIIA) linked to the Fc protein of human IgG1. (shu.edu)
  • Activin and inhibin are two closely related protein complexes that have almost directly opposite biological effects. (wikidoc.org)
  • Inhibin is also a dimer wherein the first component is a beta subunit similar or identical to the beta subunit in activin. (wikidoc.org)
  • However, in contrast to activin, the second component of the inhibin dimer is a more distantly-related alpha subunit. (wikidoc.org)
  • The activin and inhibin protein complexes are both dimeric in structure, and, in each complex, the two monomers are linked to one another by a single disulfide bond . (wikidoc.org)
  • Schematic diagram of the 1D structures of inhibin and activin. (wikidoc.org)
  • In mammals, four beta subunits have been described, called activin β A , activin β B , activin β C and activin β E . Activin β A and β B are identical to the two beta subunits of inhibin. (wikidoc.org)
  • The β C subunit is able to form activin heterodimers with β A or β B subunits but is unable to dimerize with inhibin α. (wikidoc.org)
  • Activin and inhibin are two protein complexes that have nearly opposite biological effects. (assaygenie.com)
  • There were only small differences between mutant and wild-type ewes for mRNA expression of INHA, INHBA, ACVR1B, ACVR2A, FST or TGFBR3 in granulosa cells, and Inhibin A or Activin A concentrations in follicular fluid. (inrae.fr)
  • Activin is growth suppressive and enhances migration similar to transforming growth factor beta in colon cancer, indicating that abrogation of the effects of activin contribute to the pathogenesis of MSI-H colon cancers. (nih.gov)
  • The cardiac effects of activin signalling blockade in progeria are unknown. (reading.ac.uk)
  • Activin is a dimer composed of two identical or very similar beta subunits. (wikidoc.org)
  • Two activin β A subunits give rise to activin A, one β A , and one β B subunit gives rise to activin AB, and so on. (wikidoc.org)
  • Mature Activin A has two 116 amino acids residues βA subunits (βA-βA). (prospecbio.com)
  • Activins are disulfide‑linked homodimers or heterodimers of beta subunits, while Inhibins contain the alpha subunit and beta A or beta B . Human beta C consists of an 18 aa signal sequence, a 218 aa propeptide, and a 116 aa mature segment (4). (bio-techne.com)
  • Activin A/INHBA Recombinant Protein is a highly pure recombinant protein developed by Assay Genie for use in a range of applications. (assaygenie.com)
  • Mechanistic investigations showed that manipulating levels of activin A (INHBA) could rescue or compromise the RUNX2-mediated metastatic capabilities of HNSCC cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Activins are homodimers or heterodimers of the different β subunit isoforms, part of the TGFβ family. (prospecbio.com)
  • Activin/nodal signaling and NANOG orchestrate human embryonic stem cell fate decisions by controlling the H3K4me3 chromatin mark. (ox.ac.uk)
  • As inferred from the response of the activin receptor to activin, the type II component of the NODAL receptor phosphorylates the type I component in response to NODAL binding. (reactome.org)
  • Activin A increased the expression level of type-I collagen suggesting that activin A acts as a potent activator of fibroblasts . (wikidoc.org)
  • As tumorigenesis is influenced by factors in the tumor microenvironment, such as fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix, we aimed to determine if epithelial cell-derived Activin affects initiation and progression differently than Activin signaling stimulation from a mimicked stromal source. (oncotarget.com)
  • In this study, we evaluated whether clinicopathologic features and immunohistochemical detection of carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and activin A could be predictive markers for occult lymph node metastasis in oral tongue SCC. (fapesp.br)
  • Activin A activity in cartilage explant medium was measured by incubating it with human dermal fibroblasts and determining the increase in phospho-Smad2 by Western blotting. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Activin is strongly expressed in wounded skin , and overexpression of activin in epidermis of transgenic mice improves wound healing and enhances scar formation. (wikidoc.org)
  • Epithelial cell overexpression of Activin increased cell migration and invasion in Boyden chamber assays in CPB and FLO-1 cells, which exhibited mesenchymal features such as the expression of the CD44 standard form, vimentin, and MT1-MMP. (oncotarget.com)
  • Surprisingly, overexpression of hepatic Activin A dramatically mitigated MASLD, reducing liver steatosis and inflammation as well as systemic fat accumulation, while improving insulin sensitivity. (figshare.com)
  • ACVR2-restored cells showed decreased growth and reduced S phase but increased cellular migration following activin treatment. (nih.gov)
  • ACVR2-complemented MSI-H colon cancers restore activin-SMAD signaling, decrease growth, and slow their cell cycle following ligand stimulation but show increased cellular migration. (nih.gov)
  • Identified in 1986, [1] [2] activin enhances FSH biosynthesis and secretion , and participates in the regulation of the menstrual cycle . (wikidoc.org)
  • Activin A mRNA and protein secretion were induced by dissection and culture of human or porcine articular cartilage. (ox.ac.uk)
  • ActiVin is a biologically active dietary supplement product based on red grape seed extract. (massagetherapy.com)
  • Help your body fight free radicals with all-natural ActiVin, a high-potency grape seed extract rich in biologically active flavonoids. (bodybuildingforyou.com)
  • Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Activin B from Human in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (2sars.com)
  • Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Mouse Activin B (ACV-B) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. (2sars.com)
  • This activin A was biologically active. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Depending on the subunit composition, inhibins/activins are involved in regulating a variety of functions including hypothalamic and pituitary hormone production, gonadal hormone synthesis, germ cell development and maturation, erythroid differentiation, insulin manufacture, nerve survival, embryonic axial growth or bone growth. (assaygenie.com)
  • This study investigated the cardiac effects of progeria induced by attenuated levels of Ercc1 required for DNA excision/repair and the impact of activin signalling blockade using a soluble activin receptor type IIB (sActRIIB). (reading.ac.uk)
  • Activins interact with receptor type I and type II serine/threonine protein kinases, to activate SMAD signaling and regulate diverse cellular functions, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, wound healing, apoptosis, and metabolism. (bio-connect.nl)
  • Activins signal through heterodimeric receptor complexes composed of type I (Activin RIA or RIB) and type II (Activin RIIA or RIIB) transmembrane Ser/Thr kinases. (bio-techne.com)
  • Response to "Mutations of the NOGGIN and of the activin A type I receptor genes in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP)" by Lucotte et al. (ox.ac.uk)
  • A novel mutation in the activin A type 1 receptor gene was described in one patient. (medscape.com)
  • In the heart, ageing is associated with DNA damage, oxidative stress, fibrosis and activation of the activin signalling pathway, leading to cardiac dysfunction. (reading.ac.uk)
  • To yield one-half maximal inhibition (ND50) of the biological activity of Activin A (7.5ng/ml), a concentration of 60-200ng/ml of the Activin-A antibody is required. (prospecbio.com)
  • Collectively, our studies unravel a novel biological function for activin-A in the generation of suppressive human Tr1-like cells that may be exploited for the control of allergic diseases. (bioacademy.gr)
  • Activins have a wide range of biological activities including mesoderm induction, neural cell differentiation, bone remodeling, hematopoiesis, and reproductive physiology. (neuromics.com)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Activin B (ACVB) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids. (2sars.com)
  • Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Activin B (ACVB) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (2sars.com)
  • Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Mouse Activin B (ACV-B) in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids. (2sars.com)
  • Here, we use human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to show that the Activin-SMAD2/3 signaling pathway cooperates with the core pluripotency factor NANOG to recruit the DPY30-COMPASS histone modifiers onto key developmental genes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • A Heatmap showing differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between activin B+ADSCs and activin B+ADSCs (Cdc42N17). (biomedcentral.com)
  • There were 355 upregulated (Red) and 615 (Blue) downregulated DEGs in activin B+ADSCs (Cdc42N17), respectively, and were subjected to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways (KEGG) enriched and gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Many other functions have been found to be exerted by activin, including roles in cell proliferation, differentiation , apoptosis , [3] metabolism , homeostasis , immune response , wound repair , [4] and endocrine function. (wikidoc.org)
  • This site is critical for induction by activin, Smad3 and activin receptor, ALK7. (escholarship.org)
  • In the male, activin enhances spermatogenesis . (wikidoc.org)
  • Activin-A antibody has been tested by ELISA and Western blot analysis to assure specificity and reactivity. (prospecbio.com)
  • In order to detect Human Activin A by indirect ELISA a dilution of at least 1:1,000 of the Activin A antibody is required. (prospecbio.com)
  • Activin A antibody, in conjunction with compatible secondary reagents (anti rabbit AP conjugated), allows the detection of 0.2-1 ng /well of Human Activin A. In order to detect human Activin A by WB analysis this IgG can be used in a dilution of 1:1,000. (prospecbio.com)
  • In conclusion, we show a role for autocrine Activin signaling in the regulation of colony formation, cell migration and invasion in Barrett's tumorigenesis. (oncotarget.com)
  • Activin A is an anticatabolic autocrine cytokine in articular cartilage whose production is controlled by fibroblast growth factor 2 and NF-kappaB. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Moreover, our mechanistic studies reveal that activin-A induces the activation of the transcription factor IRF4, which, along with the environmental sensor, AhR, control the differentiation and suppressive functions of human Tr1-like cells. (bioacademy.gr)
  • Further studies identified a dramatic decrease in the lipid-associated macrophages (LAM) marker glycoprotein NMB (Gpnmb) by Activin A and Gpnmb knockdown in the same model produced similar benefits and transcriptional changes to Activin A expression. (figshare.com)
  • Upregulation of Activin A drives pluripotent stem cells into a mesoendodermal fate, and thus provides a useful tool for stem cell differentiation and organoid formation. (wikidoc.org)
  • Activins are also involved in growth and differentiation of several tissues from different species. (neuromics.com)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Mechanism of threshold size assessment: Metamorphosis is triggered by the TGF-beta/Activin ligand Myoglianin. (duke.edu)
  • In the present studies, using an experimental approach that combines in vitro priming of human naive T cells with ex vivo analysis of Th2 cells, we demonstrate that the cytokine activin-A instructs the generation of human Tr1-like T cells that effectively suppress allergen-driven responses in allergic and asthmatic individuals. (bioacademy.gr)
  • ResultsAmong all examined features, only high immunohistochemical expression of activin A was significantly associated with presence of occult lymph node metastasis (p=.006). (fapesp.br)
  • An Activin receptor is a receptor which binds activin. (wikipedia.org)
  • The activins have multiple physiological roles and capture the diverse array of symptoms experienced by CFS/ME patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We developed and characterized a cell model in which we studied how activin signaling affects growth. (nih.gov)
  • All data were compared between the CFS/ME and control cohorts, with the activins and follistatin also compared with previously defined reference intervals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Serum activin A and follistatin were within their normal ranges. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Given the accumulating data that activin A and B are involved in the control of inflammation and muscle mass [ 7 ], we undertook a cross-sectional study on the potential of activin A, activin B, and its binding protein (follistatin), as serum markers of CFS/ME, via a Melbourne clinic that works exclusively with CFS/ME patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recombinant human Activin-A produced in plants. (prospecbio.com)
  • Recombinant Human/Mouse/Rat Activin A is produced by our Mammalian expression system and the target gene encoding Gly311-Ser426 is expressed. (assaygenie.com)
  • When Recombinant Human Activin RIIA Fc Chimera (CHO) (Catalog # 340-RC2 ) is immobilized at 2.5 µg/mL (100 µL/well), the concentration of Recombinant Human Activin C that produces 50% of the optimal binding response is approximately 6‑30 ng/mL. (bio-techne.com)
  • This study was undertaken to investigate whether activin A affects cartilage matrix catabolism and how its production is regulated. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These results show for the first time that inhibition of activin A receptor signalling attenuates cardiac dysfunction, pathological tissue remodelling and gene expression in Ercc1 deficient mice and presents a potentially novel therapeutic target for heart diseases. (reading.ac.uk)
  • Serum activin B levels for CFS/ME participants were significantly elevated when compared to the study controls, as well as the established reference interval. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Elevated activin B levels together with normal activin A levels identified patients with the diagnostic symptoms of CFS/ME, thus providing a novel serum based test. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Importantly, administration of human activin-A-induced Tr1-like cells in a humanized mouse model of allergic asthma confers protection against cardinal disease manifestations, in preventive and therapeutic regimes. (bioacademy.gr)
  • OBJECTIVE: Proteomic analysis has previously shown that activin A, a member of the transforming growth factor beta family, is produced by human articular cartilage. (ox.ac.uk)
  • METHODS: The effect of exogenous activin A on interleukin-1-induced aggrecanase-generated neoepitope production was assessed by Western blotting, using medium from human cartilage explants. (ox.ac.uk)
  • RESULTS: Activin A (1-10 ng/ml) suppressed aggrecanase-mediated cleavage of aggrecan in human articular cartilage. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Decreased expression of activin A receptor 1C may result in Ca(2+) -induced aberrant skin hypersensitivity. (nih.gov)
  • The expression of beta C is restricted compared to the widespread distribution of beta A and beta B . Activin C is expressed as an approximately 20 kDa dimer predominantly by hepatocytes but also by multiple cell types in the male and female reproductive tracts, posterior pituitary and adrenal glands, and nociceptive afferent dorsal root ganglia neurons (5‑7). (bio-techne.com)
  • To test the role of Activin A, we induced hepatic expression of Activin A in a murine MASLD/MASH model. (figshare.com)
  • CONCLUSION: Activin A is potentially an anticatabolic molecule in articular cartilage. (ox.ac.uk)