• Two of the phosphotyrosine-containing proteins, migrating in SDS-polyacrylamide gels of approximately 43 and 45 kDa, corresponded in mobility to phosphorylated species of the 42- and 44-kDa mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) isoforms. (nih.gov)
  • Chromatography of soluble fractions from these cells on Mono Q columns revealed early and late eluting peaks of myelin basic protein kinase activity, which contained the 42- and 44-kDa MAPK isoforms, respectively. (nih.gov)
  • Activation of MAPK was transient, peaking at 5 min, and was detectable at 5 microM 20:4(n-6). (nih.gov)
  • Further studies into the mechanisms by which MAPK was activated by 20:4(n-6) strongly suggested the involvement of protein kinase C (PKC). (nih.gov)
  • Not only did incubation of WB cells with 20:4(n-6) result in the translocation of PKC alpha, delta, and epsilon to a particulate fraction, it was found that the fatty acid failed to activate MAPK in cells pretreated for 26 h with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which depleted WB cells of PKC alpha, delta and epsilon. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, fatty acids of the n-3 series were effective activators of MAPK. (nih.gov)
  • The present study, to our knowledge, is the first to report that polyunsaturated fatty acids can cause the activation of MAPK. (nih.gov)
  • MAPK phosphatases (MKPs) are the largest class of phosphatases involved in down-regulating Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling. (wikipedia.org)
  • MAPK phosphatases are only found in eukaryotes and negatively regulate MAP kinases to act as negative feedback. (wikipedia.org)
  • MKPs are also known as dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) because they deactivate MAPK by dephosphorylating the Threonine and the Tyrosine residues residing in MAPKs activation site. (wikipedia.org)
  • The newest MKP, MKP-8, belongs to group I because it is located in the nuclear region of the cell A recent study shows that histone deacetylase isoforms (HDAC1, -2, and -3) deacetylate MKP-1 and that this post-translational modification increases MAPK signaling and innate immune signaling. (wikipedia.org)
  • The results revealed that pretreatment with deoxygedunin improved PD models' behavioral performance and reduced dopaminergic neurons loss in SN, associated with the activation of TrkB receptors and its two major signaling cascades involving mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). (unboundmedicine.com)
  • G protein-coupled receptors can activate Erk MAPK pathways through a variety of mechanisms, including stimulation of Src, phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI-3-K), protein kinase C (PKC), or the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor tyrosine kinase. (aspetjournals.org)
  • In isolated strips of rat aorta, the MAPK/Erk kinase inhibitor U0126 (50 μM), Src inhibitor PP1 (0.5 μM), PKC inhibitors calphostin C (1 μM) and chelerythrine (10 μM), and the PI-3-K inhibitor LY294002 (1-20 μM) reduced 5-HT-induced contraction. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family in serum-induced secretion of LIF and IL-6 by bone marrow stromal cells. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • FCS also induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 MAPK and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK). (unboundmedicine.com)
  • 3: Both PD98059 (MAPK/ERK kinase inhibitor) and SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor) attenuated FCS-induced LIF protein production and gene expression. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • 5: These findings demonstrate that both ERK and p38 MAPK are involved in FCS-induced LIF secretion, whereas only p38 MAPK is important for IL-6 secretion, and that FCS-induced activation of JNK has no effect on the production of LIF and IL-6. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • In the present study, we investigated whether contractions of isolated muscles induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and p38 MAPK in a fibre-type dependent manner. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The total amount of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK proteins was higher in the slow-twitch soleus muscle. (elsevierpure.com)
  • To elucidate molecular mechanisms involved, we studied the effect of PMA on the activation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and found that PMA activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and PD98059, a specific inhibitor of MAPK kinase, significantly reduced PMA-induced MMP-9 secretion as well as in vitro invasion of BCE cells. (ewha.ac.kr)
  • Following binding of EGF or FGF to their respective receptors, signaling pathways, such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2), classical mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT cascades are activated ( 11 - 15 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • p38 MAPK, activated in HIV and SIV infection, is key to induction of Interferon-stimulated genes (ISG) and inflammatory cytokines and is associated with some of the pathology produced by HIV and SIV infection in AIDS-susceptible primates. (natap.org)
  • The p38 MAPK inhibitor used here, already in clinical trials for other inflammatory diseases, significantly reduced immune activation during ART and further reduced SIV-mediated immune system deterioration. (natap.org)
  • In addition, we confirmed that H2O2 activated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • These guanosine triphosphatases bind GTP causing the activation of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and Ras-like (RAL) pathways [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conclusion: For the protection of stem cells against apoptosis, different pathways, namely Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K/AKT), Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF1), Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK) and Hippo, are discussed. (benthamscience.com)
  • The signal transduction pathways for AP-1 activation were also investigated and the results demonstrate that TiO2 stimulates mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family members, including extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERKs), p38 kinase, and C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNKs). (cdc.gov)
  • An elevation of the intracellular calcium level, which is mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and L-type Ca2+ channels both, activates the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling pathway involved in synaptic modification. (asahq.org)
  • Because the effects of local anesthetics on cellular signal transduction in neuronal cells are not well-known, the authors investigated whether they affect the MAP kinase signaling pathway using PC12 cells. (asahq.org)
  • This gene encodes a scaffold protein that is thought to be involved in the regulation of the c-Jun amino-terminal kinase signaling pathway. (nih.gov)
  • In vitro , GnRH neuronal cell lines respond to a variety of ligands that activate the Jak (Janus-activated kinase)/STAT (signal transducers and activators of transcription) intracellular signaling pathway. (jneurosci.org)
  • Considering the important role of activator protein-1 (AP-1) in regulating multiple genes involved in the cell proliferation and inflammation and the induction of neoplastic transformation, we aimed to evaluate the potency of TiO(2) NPs (20nm) on the activation of AP-1 signaling pathway and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a mouse epidermal cell line, JB6 cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Upon incubation with 20:4(n-6), the mobility of both isoforms was retarded, consistent with their activation by phosphorylation. (nih.gov)
  • It is now recognized that a major mechanism involved in eNOS activation is phosphorylation of eNOS at the Ser 1177 residue ( 1 , 2 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • In addition to subcellular location and protein-protein interactions, several phosphorylation and dephosphorylation sites also modulate eNOS activity ( 9 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Both the phosphorylation of MAP kinase and the induction of c-Fos were detected by immunoblotting. (asahq.org)
  • The ER is activated by estrogen binding and also by phosphorylation through the PI3K/Akt pathway ( 4 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, midazolam suppressed phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and also inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced superoxide production in macrophages. (asahq.org)
  • Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2-mediated phosphorylation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 is essential for human eosinophil adhesion to fibronectin. (uchicago.edu)
  • We discovered that our RET + cell lines had differential regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (AKT) pathways. (nih.gov)
  • However, it does bind tightly to other ligand-bound EGF receptor family members to form a heterodimer, stabilizing ligand binding and enhancing kinase-mediated activation of downstream signalling pathways, such as those involving mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase. (origene.com)
  • Activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases has been implicated in the signal transduction pathways linking exercise to adaptive changes of muscle protein expression. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In conclusion, MAP kinase signalling pathways are differentially activated and expressed in slow- and fast-twitch muscles. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Thus, PAR 2 can signal to multiple pathways that are differentially triggered by distinct proteinase-revealed TLs or by synthetic signal-selective activating peptides. (aspetjournals.org)
  • These findings demonstrate that TiO2 nanoparticle s stimulated the generation of ·OH radicals and induces AP-1 activation, which may be mediated through p38 kinase and ERKs pathways. (cdc.gov)
  • 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) activates the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in the vasculature, resulting in contraction. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) comprise a large family of proteins activated by a wide range of proinflammatory cytokines and environmental stress. (molvis.org)
  • Interestingly, TiO(2) NPs increased the AP-1 activity via stimulating the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) family members, including extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERKs), p38 kinase, and C-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs). (cdc.gov)
  • These findings indicate that ROS generation is involved in TiO(2) NPs-induced AP-1 activation mediated by MAPKs signal pathway. (cdc.gov)
  • The EGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG1478 (0.25-1 μM) was without effect. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The expression of c-Fos induced by potassium chloride was also suppressed by dibucaine, tetracaine (concentrations that inhibited 50% of the activity of positive control [IC50s] were 16.2+/-0.2 and 73.2+/-0.7 microM, respectively), and PD 98059, a mitogen-activated/extracellular receptor-regulated kinase inhibitor. (asahq.org)
  • Treatment of safingol, a specific PKC-alpha inhibitor, and introduction of antisense PKC-alpha into these cells reduced the secretion of MMP-9 and activation of ERK1/2 by PMA. (ewha.ac.kr)
  • For E-MDA-MB- 231, down-regulation of catalase, paraoxonase-2 (PON2), clusterin, an inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) and cell stress proteins validated the notion that E-cadherin re-expression enhances TZT anti-cancer efficacy. (eurekaselect.com)
  • presented the effects of an investigational p38 MAP kinase inhibitor (PH797804) combined with ART in SIV-infected macaques (Aldovini A, abstract 20). (natap.org)
  • Rhesus macaques were infected with SIVmac251 and divided in 6 groups: Group 1, had no treatment, Group 2, p38 inhibitor alone, Groups 3 and 5 initiated ART at week 6 or 1 after infection, Group 4 and 6 initiated ART + PH797804 at week 6 or 1 after infection. (natap.org)
  • This trial assessed the preferential Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor filgotinib and the spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor lanraplenib in patients with LMN. (bmj.com)
  • Our study demonstrates that 16 weeks of treatment with the Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor filgotinib reduced proteinuria in a small number of patients with LMN. (bmj.com)
  • The human trabecular meshwork cells were treated with t BHP for 1 or 2 h with or without pretreatment of SB203580, an inhibitor of MAP kinase homologs. (molvis.org)
  • The transient increase of Orai1 protein abundance was abrogated by Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 (50 μM) and by prevention of actin reorganization with cytochalasin B (1 μM). (biomedcentral.com)
  • ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy and Erk1/2 activation in Pak-1-KO/ISO were attenuated when the selective Erk1/2 inhibitor FR180204 was administered. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Adhesion of bovine airway smooth muscle cells activates extracellular signal-regulated kinases. (uchicago.edu)
  • After inhibition of RET, the CUTO42 cells had robust inhibition of phosphorylated AKT (pAKT), whereas CUTO22 and CUTO32 cells had sustained AKT activation. (nih.gov)
  • 1 nM IC 50 ) to inhibition of two cell cycle-regulating proteins, polo-like kinase 1 and Aurora kinase A. Finally, we show that two of these cell lines, CUTO32 and CUTO42, successfully establish xenografted tumors in nude mice. (nih.gov)
  • Growth inhibition was evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and apoptosis was assayed by ELISA. (aacrjournals.org)
  • 0.05) erlotinib-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in BxPC-3, CAPAN-2, and AsPC-1 cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • These studies suggest inhibition or p38 MAP kinase should be explored as an adjunct to ART in HIV. (natap.org)
  • This group of proteins is responsible for cell proliferation, differentiation and inhibition of apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Activation leads to cell proliferation, differentiation and inhibition of apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Beta2-integrin adhesion caused by eotaxin but not IL-5 is blocked by PDE-4 inhibition and beta2-adrenoceptor activation in human eosinophils. (uchicago.edu)
  • Mouse and rat embryonic stem cell (ESC) self-renewal could be maintained by dual inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) and mitogen-activated proteins kinase kinase (MEK). (hiv-proteases.com)
  • Ablation of p21-activated kinase-1 in mice promotes isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy in association with activation of Erk1/2 and inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Mostajeran M, Wetterling F, W Blixt F, Edvinsson L, Ansar S. Acute mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/2 inhibition improves functional recovery and vascular changes after ischaemic stroke in rat-monitored by 9.4 T magnetic resonance imaging. (lu.se)
  • Rearranged during transfection ( RET ) rearrangements occur in 1% to 2% of lung adenocarcinomas as well as other malignancies and are now established targets for tyrosine kinase inhibitors. (nih.gov)
  • We confirmed each of our cell lines expresses the RET fusion protein and assessed their sensitivity to RET inhibitors. (nih.gov)
  • These data highlight the utility of new RET+ models to elucidate differences in response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and downstream signaling regulation. (nih.gov)
  • These data offer important insight into regulation of response to RET tyrosine kinase inhibitors and other potential therapeutic targets. (nih.gov)
  • In the present study, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) was found to increase secretion of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and in vitro invasion in bovine capillary endothelial (BCE) cells, which were blocked by specific inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC). (ewha.ac.kr)
  • No p38 MAP kinase inhibitors are approved for clinical use, but several are being investigated in other diseases. (natap.org)
  • Of note, the AP-1 activation induced by TiO(2) NPs could be blocked by specific inhibitors (SB203580, PD98059, and SP 600125, respectively) that inhibit ERKs and p38 kinase but not JNKs. (cdc.gov)
  • Regulation of interleukin-5-induced beta2-integrin adhesion of human eosinophils by phosphoinositide 3-kinase. (uchicago.edu)
  • Activation of group IV cytosolic phospholipase A2 in human eosinophils by phosphoinositide 3-kinase through a mitogen-activated protein kinase-independent pathway. (uchicago.edu)
  • We now report that incubation of WB cells with 20:4(n-6) resulted in the appearance of several tyrosine-phosphorylated cytosolic proteins. (nih.gov)
  • The receptor, tyrosine kinase c-Ret, had been explored as an oncogene, which also has been mutated in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia and familial medullary thyroid cancer syndromes. (hindawi.com)
  • This gene encodes a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor family of receptor tyrosine kinases. (origene.com)
  • Jak2 belongs to the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase family ( Ihle, 1995 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 regulates spreading and migration of eosinophils after beta2-integrin adhesion. (uchicago.edu)
  • Involvement of protein tyrosine kinases in activation of human eosinophils by platelet-activating factor. (uchicago.edu)
  • Deoxygedunin, a derivative of gedunin produced from Indian neem tree, binds TrkB receptor and activates TrkB and its downstream signaling cascades in a BDNF-independent manner, and possesses neuroprotective effects in vitro and in vivo. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Receptor activation causes Jak2 autophosphorylation, which phosphorylates its associated receptor. (jneurosci.org)
  • The phosphorylated receptor provides multiple docking sites that recruit STAT proteins, of which there are six family members (STAT1-6) ( Pellegrini and Dusanter-Fourt, 1997 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Because the expression of the estrogen receptor (ER) in patients with primary breast cancer is one of the most powerful indicators of response to adjuvant hormonal therapy, the effects of endocrine-therapeutic agents strongly depend on whether tumor cell growth remains estrogen responsive ( 3 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • The present study explored the effect of membrane androgen receptor (mAR) activation on Ca 2+ signaling in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We evaluated the ability of different trypsin-revealed tethered ligand (TL) sequences of rat proteinase-activated receptor 2 (rPAR 2 ) and the corresponding soluble TL-derived agonist peptides to trigger agonist-biased signaling. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The lack of trypsin-triggered β-arrestin interactions correlated with impaired trypsin-activated TL-mutant receptor internalization. (aspetjournals.org)
  • On the other hand, an increase in Ca 2+ induces eNOS translocation from the cell membrane to the cytosol or Golgi complex ( 8 ), where it is phosphorylated and fully activated by protein kinases that reside in caveolae, such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), cAMP-dependent protein kinase A, and 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase ( 7 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Discussion: Activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway decreases the concentration of apoptotic factors, while the HIF pathway protects stem cells against the micro-environment of tissue (hypoxia). (benthamscience.com)
  • TAT-protein blockade during ischemia/reperfusion reveals critical role for p85 PI3K-PTEN interaction in cardiomyocyte injury. (uchicago.edu)
  • Fibroblast growth factor homologous factors are intracellular signaling proteins. (nih.gov)
  • David H Shepp, MD Associate Professor of Medicine Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell Manhasset, NY - (03/13/18) - Understanding how protein kinases deliver intracellular activation signals to regulate growth, and development of drugs to block them, has revolutionized the treatment of certain cancers and rheumatologic disorders. (natap.org)
  • There are many different protein kinases utilized by the major classes of cytokine receptors to deliver intracellular activation signals. (natap.org)
  • As primary endpoints for PH-797804 efficacy, we evaluated protein levels of selected ISG and differences in expression of surface and intracellular molecules linked to immune activation and inflammatory cytokines plasma levels. (natap.org)
  • The cytokine receptors lack intrinsic kinase activity and require interaction with members of the Jak family of intracellular signaling molecules. (jneurosci.org)
  • Our results revealed that H2O2 increased the rate of apoptosis by stimulating various pro-apoptotic processes, such as the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activation. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • To this end, MCF-7 cells were exposed to TAC and Orai1 protein abundance at the cell surface was determined by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry as well as intracellular Ca 2+ release and SOCE were quantified utilizing Fura-2 fluorescence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To this end, MCF- cells were treated with testosterone-albumin conjugates (TAC, 100 nM), which selectively activate mAR without activating intracellular androgen receptors (iAR). (biomedcentral.com)
  • To do so, we mutated the proteolytically revealed TL sequence of rPAR 2 and examined the impact on stimulating intracellular calcium transients and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. (aspetjournals.org)
  • NO production in response to various factors, such as increased shear stress, is mediated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which is constitutively expressed in endothelial cells (ECs) and is tightly controlled by various membrane-bound receptors and regulatory proteins under physiological conditions ( 3 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • 5 MAP kinase has been shown to be activated by calcium influx through both N -methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and L-type Ca 2+ channels. (asahq.org)
  • Furthermore, the TL-derived synthetic peptide SLAAAA-NH 2 failed to cause PAR 2 -mediated calcium signaling but did activate MAP kinase, whereas SLIGRL-NH 2 triggered both calcium and MAP kinase signaling by all receptors. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, we employed adenoviral PKC-alpha and found that weak PMA stimulation (5 ng/ml) enhanced ERK1/2 activation and MMP-9 secretion in these cells. (ewha.ac.kr)
  • The changes were associated with an increase in relative Erk1/2 activation in Pak-1-KO/ISO mice versus all other groups. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Cardiac myocytes infected with an adenoviral vector expressing constitutively active Pak-1 showed a repression of Erk1/2 activation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Downstream signalling is controlled by both RAS-intrinsic GTP hydrolysis, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that catalyse hydrolysis and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we examined the cytoprotective effects of cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) isolated from mulberry fruit against pancreatic β-cell apoptosis caused by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry and western blot analysis were also used to determine apoptosis and the expression of proteins associated with apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • This study is to investigate the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) in tert -butyl hydroperoxide ( t BHP)-induced apoptosis of human trabecular meshwork (iHTM) cells. (molvis.org)
  • Activation of p38MAPK plays an important role in t BHP-induced apoptosis of iHTM cells. (molvis.org)
  • 4: Expression of a dominant-negative mutant form of JNK1 that blocked FCS-induced JNK activity had no effect on protein production and gene expression of these cytokines. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • 3 Activated macrophages contribute to inflammatory responses and can produce and release several cytokines into the general circulation to exert systemic effects that occur during sepsis. (asahq.org)
  • 6 Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) or inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is induced in macrophages by proinflammatory stimuli, including mitogens, cytokines, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide. (asahq.org)
  • Pathophysiologically, asthma exert different effects at different concentrations, can is characterized by constriction of airway smooth synergize or antagonize the effects of other cytokines muscle, hyper secretion of mucus, edema and airway and regulated in a complex manner and function via hyper responsiveness (AHR),[3] mucus secretion and cytokine cascade. (cdc.gov)
  • Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), an anchoring protein in the plasma membrane caveolae in ECs and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), attenuates endothelial NO production by occupying the calcium/calmodulin (Ca 2+ /CaM) binding site of eNOS ( 4 ) ( Fig. 1 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • In the BxPC-3 cell line, significant down-regulation of EGFR, phosphorylated Akt, NF-κB activation, and survivin was observed in the cells treated with the combination compared with the erlotinib-treated cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Signaling of tumor-cells may further involve up-regulation of pore forming Ca 2+ channel protein Orai1, which accomplishes store operated Ca 2+ entry (SOCE). (biomedcentral.com)
  • mAR sensitive Rac1 activation and actin reorganization contribute to the regulation of Orai1 protein abundance and SOCE. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Aifantis, I. Regulation of stem cell function by protein ubiquitylation. (benthamscience.com)
  • Midazolam significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced up-regulation of both cyclooxygenase 2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner (approximately 3-30 microm). (asahq.org)
  • Regulation of adhesion of AML14.3D10 cells by surface clustering of beta2-integrin caused by ERK-independent activation of cPLA2. (uchicago.edu)
  • Since activator protein-1 (AP-1) is known to play an important role in the induction of neoplastic transformation and regulation of multiple genes involved in cell proliferation and inflammation, we investigate the potency of TiO2 nanoparticle s on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and AP-1 signaling in a mouse epithermal cell line, JB6 cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Differential roles of JIP scaffold proteins in the modulation of amyloid precursor protein metabolism. (nih.gov)
  • The role of midazolam in activation of macrophages during sepsis is not known. (asahq.org)
  • Canine leishmaniasis in Southern Italy: a role for nitric oxide released from activated macrophages in asymptomatic infection? (biomedcentral.com)
  • Among leishmanicidal molecules produced by activated macrophages, nitric oxide (NO) produced by an inducible NO synthase seems to play an important protective role, but no conclusive data are available. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Among leishmanicidal molecules produced by interferon (IFN)-γ-activated macrophages, nitric oxide (NO) produced by an inducible NO synthase (i.e. iNOS or NOS2) seems to play an important protective role [ 16 ], which is of interest also for CanL. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Both isoform 3 of the human mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4 (MAP4K4) and Traf2- and Nck-interacting kinase (TNIK) are putative effectors of Rap2 in mediating the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to regulate the actin cytoskeleton. (nih.gov)
  • This protein has been shown to interact with and regulate the activity of MAPK8/JNK1 and MAP2K7/MKK7 kinases. (nih.gov)
  • Earlier investigations in our lab indicated an anti-adrenergic effect induced by activation of p21-activated kinase (Pak-1) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). (ox.ac.uk)
  • It has recently been suggested that MAP kinase plays a role in coupling the synaptic excitation to gene expression in the nucleus of postsynaptic neurons. (asahq.org)
  • It has recently been reported that mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (also known as extracellular signal reactive kinase [Erk]) might play an important role in linking membrane depolarization to gene expression in the postsynaptic neurons. (asahq.org)
  • However, the activation of GnRH neurons following release from estrogen-negative feedback is retained. (jneurosci.org)
  • had shown that DOK5 are expressed in T cells and their expression is regulated upon T cell activation [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • TY - JOUR T1 - Role of mitogen-activated protein kinase family in serum-induced leukaemia inhibitory factor and interleukin-6 secretion by bone marrow stromal cells. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • The cells were stimulated with either 50 mM KCl or 1 microM ionomycin, and activated MAP kinase was thus immunoprecipitated. (asahq.org)
  • Pretreatment of the cells with 1 mM (ethylenedioxy)-diethyl-enedinitrilotetraacetic acid or 5 micron nifedipine blocked the MAP kinase activation induced by 50 mM KCl, whereas pretreatment with 2 microM omega-conotoxin GIVA did not. (asahq.org)
  • Dibucaine and tetracaine at clinical concentrations were found to inhibit the activation of MAP kinase and the expression of c-Fos mediated by L-type Ca2+ channels in PC12 cells. (asahq.org)
  • SIGNALS initiated by neurotransmitter release are transferred to the nuclei of the postsynaptic cells to activate specific programs of gene expression, thus influencing synaptic functions. (asahq.org)
  • Protein kinase C-alpha activation by phorbol ester induces secretion of gelatinase B/MMP-9 through ERK 1/2 pathway in capillary endothelial cells. (ewha.ac.kr)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'Protein kinase C-alpha activation by phorbol ester induces secretion of gelatinase B/MMP-9 through ERK 1/2 pathway in capillary endothelial cells. (ewha.ac.kr)
  • It activates transcription and contributes to proliferation, antiapoptosis, and metastasis of tumor cells ( 5 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • TAC treatment of MCF-7 cells was followed by Rac1 activation, actin polymerization, transient increase of Orai1transcript levels and protein abundance, and transient increase of SOCE. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In a recent study, activation of mAR by dehydrotestosterone (DHT) in prostate cancer cells was reported to induce rapid Ca 2+ influx via Orai that was important for rapid androgen effects [ 31 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present study explored, whether mAR activation is followed by alterations of Orai1 protein abundance and function in MCF-7 breast tumor cells and addressed the role of actin reorganization and actin signaling to this effect. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As illustrated in Fig. 1 , mAR activation was followed by a rapid increase of Orai1 protein abundance at the surface of MCF-7 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using a macrophage cell line, RAW264.7 cells, the effect of midazolam on proinflammatory mediators and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase was measured by Western blot. (asahq.org)
  • Fluoride at mitogenic doses induces a sustained activation of p44mapk, but not p42mapk, in human TE85 osteosarcoma cells. (uni-muenster.de)
  • ERK pathway mediates the activation of Cdk2 in IGF-1-induced proliferation of human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells. (uni-muenster.de)
  • And d) Another very basic problem is that cancer cells tend to be remarkably clever and naturally seek to take advantage of numerous cellular survival mechanisms to stay alive under stress, for example by upregulating heat shock proteins or DNA repair mechanisms. (anti-agingfirewalls.com)
  • TiO2 nanoparticle s caused a 3-fold increase in AP-1 activity in the cells. (cdc.gov)
  • 3), and interleukin-6, were subjected to virus isolation using MDCK cells, and CXCL10/IP-10, but no evidence of viral neuroinvasion. (cdc.gov)
  • Titanium dioxide nanoparticle induced AP-1 activation via ERKs and p38 kinase. (cdc.gov)
  • Emodin derivatives can also inhibit proteases and microtubule-associated proteins, which play an important role in Alzheimer's disease. (longdom.org)
  • 1995 Mar 3;270(9):4201-4. (nih.gov)
  • Docking protein 5 ( DOK5 ), which was first reported in 2001, is a member of a subgroup of the DOK family that has been expressed using c-Ret in several neuronal tissues. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, EGF and FGF induce cell proliferation and differentiation in the developing mouse SMG through activation of these signaling cascades ( 11 - 15 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • In this study, we tested the neuroprotective effects of deoxygedunin in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rat model and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mice model of Parkinson's disease. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Preovulatory LH surge levels were blunted in Jak2 G −/− mice, which was correlated with reduced GnRH neuronal activation as assessed by c-Fos. (jneurosci.org)
  • Maximum Ca(2+)-activated tension in detergent-extracted bundles of papillary fibers from ISO-treated Pak-1-KO mice was higher than in all other groups. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Docking protein 5 (DOK5) is a member of the docking protein group of membrane proteins and is an adapter protein involved in signal transduction. (hindawi.com)
  • Lipid binding is essential for membrane attachment, a key feature of most Ras proteins. (nih.gov)
  • In ECs, Cav-1 anchors eNOS in plasma membrane caveolae, which limits its translocation and phosphorylated activation and thereby reduces its capacity to generate NO ( 7 ) ( Fig. 1 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • In a first step, confocal microscopy was employed to visualize the effect of TAC on the Orai1 protein abundance at the MCF-7 cell membrane surface. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of miR-34a and 11 of its bioinformatically selected target genes and proteins to test their potential dysregulation in RCC. (hindawi.com)
  • Activated ER binds to estrogen-responsive elements (EREs), which are located in the promoter regions of various target genes. (iiarjournals.org)
  • We (OC) were measured in CSF and plasma taken simultane- describe 3 cases of acute encephalopathy associated with ously from 1 patient who received concurrent treatment, infl uenza A infection in adults. (cdc.gov)
  • For the refinement of RCC therapeutic strategies, a better realization of the RCC-underlying molecular mechanisms will be mandatory [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • MKP-3 also binds to ERK2 regardless of whether it is phosphorylated or not. (wikipedia.org)
  • These effects of choline are correlated with modifications in histone and DNA methylation in brain, and with alterations in the expression of genes that encode proteins important for learning and memory processing, suggesting a possible epigenomic mechanism of action. (mdpi.com)
  • and cell differentiation ( SOX2 and TGFB3 ) as well as immunohistochemical assay for VEGFA, TP53, Bcl2, TGFB1, and Ki67 protein expression have been performed in 85 FFPE RCC tumor specimens. (hindawi.com)
  • The advanced pathological grade was associated with strong TGFB1, VEGFA, and Ki67 protein expression and absent Tp53 staining. (hindawi.com)
  • We produced a custom-made, 3-dimensional microarray system (3DMS), using previously identified ERGs, and analyzed expression of ERGs on breast cancer tissues. (iiarjournals.org)
  • Many investigators consider the expression of estrogen-responsive genes (ERGs) to be evidence of an activated, functional ER ( 6 , 7 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • Examination of the expression levels of various ERGs, by alluding to the presence of an activated ER, may identify individual patients who might benefit from treatments targeting the ER. (iiarjournals.org)
  • These results suggest that midazolam has an antiinflammatory action by inhibiting inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression, possibly through suppression of NF-kappaB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. (asahq.org)
  • Glucocorticoid-induced surface expression of annexin 1 blocks beta2-integrin adhesion of human eosinophils to intercellular adhesion molecule 1 surrogate protein. (uchicago.edu)
  • and Applied Neurobiology36, 265-274 Immunohistological intensity measurements as a tool to assess sarcolemma-associated protein expression Aims: The quantification of protein levels in muscle biopsies is of particular relevance in the diagnostic process of neuromuscular diseases, but is difficult to assess in cases of partial protein deficiency, particularly when information on protein localization is required. (dehydrogenase-signal.com)
  • [ 1 ] Consumption and subsequent exhaustion of coagulation proteins and platelets (from ongoing activation of coagulation) may induce severe bleeding, though microclot formation may occur in the absence of severe clotting factor depletion and bleeding. (medscape.com)
  • An example of a type II MKP is MKP-3 which, regulates the activity of ERK2 by deposphorylating it and holding it in the cytoplasmic region. (wikipedia.org)
  • We therefore sought to develop a method to quantify relative levels of sarcolemma-associated proteins using digitally captured images of immunolabelled sections of skeletal muscle. (dehydrogenase-signal.com)
  • This protein has no ligand binding domain of its own and therefore cannot bind growth factors. (origene.com)
  • 3,4 MAP kinase is highly expressed in the central nervous system, primarily in such postsynaptic structures as neuronal cell bodies and the bases of the proximal dendrites. (asahq.org)
  • Cytosolic phospholipase A2 activation is essential for beta 1 and beta 2 integrin-dependent adhesion of human eosinophils. (uchicago.edu)
  • Extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1 and -2 are both essential for the shear stress-induced human osteoblast proliferation. (uni-muenster.de)
  • analysis and inferences about field strength dependence, Tomography:3, p.74 (2017) https://doi.org/10.18383/j.tom.2017.00001 . (lu.se)
  • Plos One (2017) Mar 9;12(3):e0173412. (lu.se)
  • There was a median reduction of 50.7% in 24-hour urine protein after 16 weeks of treatment with filgotinib (n=4), and the median Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index from the Safety of Estrogens in Lupus National Assessment score remained stable. (bmj.com)
  • The mAR sensitive signaling includes activation of Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) and reorganization of the actin filament network. (biomedcentral.com)
  • When combined with ART, numerous immune activation markers were significantly reduced compared to ART alone treatment. (natap.org)
  • Dual specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) also belong to the family of protein thyrosine phosphatases. (wikipedia.org)
  • OMIM: 190,070) encodes one of three small guanosine triphosphatase proteins belonging to the RAS family. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The RAS family consists of three proteins all sharing a highly conserved N-terminus region: Harvey RAS (HRAS), Kirsten RAS (KRAS) and neuroblastoma RAS (NRAS). (biomedcentral.com)