Vesicle associated membrane protein 2. Medical search. Frequent questions

Many neurodegenerative disease-associated proteins are known to accumulate in the extracellular space in human brains. (nih.gov)
My laboratory recently uncovered an UPS pathway termed misfolding-associated protein secretion (MAPS), which uses molecular chaperones such as USP19 and DNAJC5 to recruit misfolded proteins to perinuclear vesicles before releasing them into the extracellular space. (nih.gov)
3. Phosphorylation by extracellular signal-regulated kinase of a multidomain adaptor protein, vinexin, at synapses. (nih.gov)
Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) enables high-resolution imaging of extracellular vesicles (EVs). (bruker.com)
TMEM230 depletion further inhibits extracellular secretion of the autophagic cargo p62 and immature lysosomal hydrolases in Golgi-derived vesicles leading to their intracellular accumulation, and is specifically mediated by loss of the small GTPase Rab8a. (nih.gov)
This notice of funding opportunity (NOFO) provides support using the STTR cooperative agreement mechanisms for the development of novel extracellular vesicle-based therapeutic platforms for use in regenerative medicine. (nih.gov)
Both native and engineered EVs have demonstrated the ability for specific and targeted tissue and organ repair, which can be harnessed for applications such as extracellular vesicle-based therapeutics. (nih.gov)
The main objective for this funding opportunity is to support platform-oriented technology development associated with the production, manufacturing, and use, of extracellular vesicles as therapeutics in regenerative medicine. (nih.gov)
We also discussed the advantage and challenges of mitochondrial transfer strategies, including cell-based mitochondrial transplantation, extracellular vesicle-based mitochondrial transplantation, and naked mitochondrial transplantation, for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. (frontiersin.org)
The new method isolates extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by the placenta into the blood. (nih.gov)
Circulating extracellular vesicles exhibit a differential miRNA profile in gestational diabetes mellitus pregnancies. (nih.gov)
Agricultur al dust derived bacterial extracellular vesicle mediated inflammation is attenuated by DHA. (cdc.gov)
Nearly all cells secrete membrane-bound vesicles (extracellular vesicles, EVs) that have the capacity to transmit protein, nucleic acid, and lipid signaling mediators between cells. (cdc.gov)
Cancer cells release heterogeneous populations of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that transmit aggressive phenotypic traits to recipient cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed nano-sized sacs that are released by most, if not all, cells in the body. (biomedcentral.com)
However, when EVs are released into the extracellular environment from their cell of origin, it is not possible to be certain if they have been formed through an endosomal pathway or by budding from the membrane based on their size alone. (biomedcentral.com)
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been well reported to mediate intercellular communication and carry a rich cocktail of innate cargo including lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. (wms-site.com)
Dr. Manickam will be joining us in Targeting Mitochondria 2022 to give her talk within the "Extracellular Vesicles & Mitochondria: The Target" session. (wms-site.com)

Using immunofluorescent labeling to target membrane proteins and cargo, SMLM can both visualize and quantify specific membrane proteins and determine the composition of a given vesicle's molecular cargo (e.g., proteins, DNA, RNA, and lipids) - information that traditional methods of EV imaging are unable to determine on a single EV level. (bruker.com)
Lipids (oily molecules) in the membrane move aside, shifting their tails to accommodate the protein. (nih.gov)
In trying to understand this counterintuitive move, the researchers speculate that GTP melts the inside of dynamin a bit, turning the protein into a flexible scaffold that stabilizes the membrane while the lipids rearrange themselves. (nih.gov)
Proteins and lipids are connected only by the anchored cargos, so it was originally hypothesized that higher cargo density would increase the degree of interaction between the lipid and protein domains, promoting more phase separation. (montclair.edu)
In our study, we investigated the fusion between small cationic liposomes (~100 nm) and giant vesicles (tens of microns in diameter) containing increasing fractions of anionic lipids. (biophysics.org)
Reduced oxidation of lipids and plasma membrane proteins was detected in the AtVAMP-transformed yeast, suggesting improved membrane repair. (huji.ac.il)
MARV assembles and buds from the host cell plasma where MARV matrix protein (mVP40) dimers associate with anionic lipids at the plasma membrane inner leaflet and undergo a dynamic and extensive self-oligomerization into the structural matrix layer. (uci.edu)

We describe morphologic features of coronavirus that distinguish it from subcellular structures, including particle size range (60-140 nm), intracellular particle location within membrane-bound vacuoles, and a nucleocapsid appearing in cross section as dense dots (6-12 nm) within the particles. (cdc.gov)
The Niemann-Pick group of diseases can be subclassified into two categories: (1) those with a primary deficiency in acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) activity (ie, types A and B) and (2) those with defective intracellular processing and transporting of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-derived cholesterol (ie, type C). (medscape.com)
Changes in the rumen papillae during the periparturient transition in Holstein dairy cows are accompanied by changes in abundance of proteins involved in intracellular pH regulation, but not SCFA transport. (uoguelph.ca)
Inhibition of intracellular vesicle trafficking by brefeldin A induced apoptosis from a sublethal concentration of H 2 O 2 . (huji.ac.il)
Our results suggest that intracellular vesicle traffic can regulate execution of apoptosis by affecting the rate of membrane recycling and that the proline-rich N-terminal domain of VAMP inhibited this process. (huji.ac.il)
Inhibition of intracellular vesicle trafficking by brefeldin A induced apoptosis from a sublethal concentration of H2O2. (huji.ac.il)
Here we review recent experiments showing how VEGFR-2 is transported through intracellular vesicular compartments specified by Rab family GTPases, and discuss how different VEGF-A isoforms specify intracellular receptor trafficking. (smw.ch)
Perilipin 5 (PLIN5) is a lipid-droplet-associated protein that coordinates intracellular lipolysis in highly oxidative tissues and is thought to regulate lipid metabolism in response to phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA). (uci.edu)

15. The transmitter release-site CaV2.2 channel cluster is linked to an endocytosis coat protein complex. (nih.gov)
During endocytosis, the cell membrane folds around a substance (such as a protein) outside the cell to form a sac-like structure called a vesicle. (medlineplus.gov)
DNM2 gene mutations that cause centronuclear myopathy are described as "gain-of-function" because they appear to enhance the activity of dynamin 2, affecting endocytosis and leading to disorganization of structures similar to microtubules, called transverse tubules (T tubules), which are found within the membrane of muscle fibers. (medlineplus.gov)
NIH-funded study reveals protein, fatty molecules and cellular energy work together during endocytosis. (nih.gov)
Step 1: Endocytosis allows cells (blue-green) to import proteins and other particles (pink). (nih.gov)
Step 4: At the completion of endocytosis, the cell has fully internalized the cargo within a bubble known as a vesicle. (nih.gov)
Cells ingest proteins and engulf bacteria by a gymnastic, shape-shifting process called endocytosis. (nih.gov)
Endocytosis is critical for the internalization and maturation of RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. (preprints.org)
Clathrin coated vesicles (CCV) are components of endocytosis and trafficking between the Trans Golgi Network (TGN) and endosomes. (eu.org)
During CCV formation (less well characterized for internal membranes than for endocytosis), clathrin and clathrin adaptors interact to nucleate coat assembly by binding to appropriate membranes and recruit cargo molecules, clathrin and other coat associated proteins. (eu.org)

In this report, we studied the effect of cargo density on the outcome of the cargo phase separation on giant unilamellar vesicles. (montclair.edu)

38,000-Dalton Membrane Protein (p38) Present in Synaptic Vesicles. (epa.gov)
A synaptic membrane protein involved in MEMBRANE FUSION of SYNAPTIC VESICLES with the presynaptic membranes. (nih.gov)

Vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2) is a key component of the synaptic vesicle docking/fusion machinery and its mRNA reportedly increases in the frontal cortex of rats following chronic antidepressant and electroconvulsive treatment. (nih.gov)
Vamp2, vesicle-associated membrane protein 2. (rupress.org)

5. Protein interacting with C kinase 1 (PICK1) and GluR2 are associated with presynaptic plasma membrane and vesicles in hippocampal excitatory synapses. (nih.gov)
Genetic variants of synaptic vesicle and presynaptic plasma membrane proteins in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. (cdc.gov)

Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane. (caslab.com)
Adaptor protein complex 1 is found at the cytoplasmic face of coated vesicles located at the Golgi complex, where it mediates both the recruitment of clathrin to the membrane and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane receptors. (nih.gov)

VAMP-7 is a transmembrane protein that is a member of the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) family. (wikipedia.org)
Remarkably, signal recognition particle and its membrane-bound receptor FtsY are not required for the membrane insertion of F 0 c. (rupress.org)
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) regulate blood and lymph vessel formation through activation of the type V receptor tyrosine kinases VEGFR-1, -2 and -3. (smw.ch)
VAMPs, along with synaptosomal associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) and syntaxin, form the core complex of soluble NSF attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins that interact with the soluble proteins N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) and alpha-SNAP. (novusbio.com)
DEC-205 (CD205), a member of the macrophage mannose receptor protein family, is the prototypic endocytic receptor of dendritic cells, whose ligands include phosphorothioated cytosine-guanosine (CpG) oligonucleotides, a motif often seen in bacterial or viral DNA. (uci.edu)
Here we describe the 3.2 Å cryo-EM structure of human DEC-205, thereby illuminating the structure of the mannose receptor protein family. (uci.edu)

Finally, we show that knockdown of another PD gene, LRRK2, which phosphorylates Rab8a, similarly impairs retromer trafficking, secretory autophagy and Golgi-derived vesicle secretion, thus demonstrating converging roles of two PD genes TMEM230 and LRRK2 on Rab8a function, and suggesting that retromer and secretory dysfunction play an important role in PD pathogenesis. (nih.gov)
Subunit of clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 1 that plays a role in protein sorting in the late-Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) and/or endosomes. (nih.gov)
Yeast epsin-related proteins required for Golgi-endosome traffic define a gamma-adaptin ear-binding motif. (eu.org)
The ARF1 protein is localized to the Golgi apparatus and has a central role in intra-Golgi transport. (cancerindex.org)

Solid-Phase Assay for the Phosphorylation of Proteins Blotted on Nitrocellulose Membrane Filters. (epa.gov)
Protein kinases may activate or inhibit ion channels by phosphorylation. (flashcardmachine.com)
FLIM-FRET analysis of protein-protein interactions showed that PLIN5 S155 phosphorylation regulates PLIN5 interaction with adipose triglyceride lipase at the lipid droplet, but not with α-β hydrolase domain-containing 5. (uci.edu)

In attempts to attribute pathology of COVID-19 patients directly to tissue damage caused by SARS-CoV-2, investigators have inaccurately reported subcellular structures, including coated vesicles, multivesicular bodies, and vesiculating rough endoplasmic reticulum, as coronavirus particles. (cdc.gov)
Specifically, we study the molecular mechanisms underlying protein translocation-associated quality control at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the export of misfolded proteins via unconventional protein secretion, and cell-to-cell transmission of misfolded alpha-synuclein and tau aggregates. (nih.gov)
In Alzheimer disease (AD), the perturbation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis has been linked to presenilins, the catalytic core in γ-secretase complexes cleaving the amyloid precursor protein (APP), thereby generating amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides. (nih.gov)
The SARS-CoV-2 RO is composed of double membrane vesicles (DMVs) tethered to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by thin membrane connectors 2 , but the viral proteins and the host factors involved are currently unknown. (tigem.it)

Super-resolution microscopy can distinguish between membrane proteins and internal cargo. (bruker.com)
Step 2: The membrane bends inward like a catcher's mitt to receive the cargo. (nih.gov)
Step 3: Coils of dynamin protein (orange) seal the cargo into a compartment within the cell. (nih.gov)
The result suggests that the cargo density is a key parameter affecting the outcome of cargo organization on the lipid membranes by phase separation. (montclair.edu)
Exosomes have been reported to carry proteins involved in the endosomal pathways, such tumour susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101), a protein which makes up part of the ESCRT1 complex, recognising and sorting cargo into intraluminal vesicles [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
SemiSWEETs are related to the PQ-loop family that function as cargo receptors in vesicle transport, mediates movement of basic amino acids across lysosomal membranes, and is also involved in phospholipase flippase function. (preprints.org)
The AP complexes mediate both the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. (nih.gov)

Insertion is independent of the proton motive force, and proteoliposomes containing only YidC catalyze the membrane insertion of F 0 c in its native transmembrane topology whereupon it assembles into large oligomers. (rupress.org)
TMEM230 is a newly identified Parkinson's disease (PD) gene encoding a transmembrane protein whose cellular and pathogenic roles remain largely unknown. (nih.gov)
In silico analyses showed that the M protein of SARS-CoV-2 has a triple helix bundle, form a single 3-transmembrane domain (TM), and are homologous to the prokaryotic sugar transport protein semiSWEET. (preprints.org)

Vesicle-associated membrane protein 7 (VAMP-7), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VAMP7 gene also known as the or SYBL1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
The DNM2 gene provides instructions for making a protein called dynamin 2. (medlineplus.gov)
Bitoun M, Stojkovic T, Prudhon B, Maurage CA, Latour P, Vermersch P, Guicheney P. A novel mutation in the dynamin 2 gene in a Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2 patient: clinical and pathological findings. (medlineplus.gov)
Stonin-2 or Stoned B Homolog 2 is encoded by the gene STON2. (antibodiesinc.com)
Studies on disease-relevant gene products concentrated on a very wide array of proteins. (europa.eu)
On aggregate, EUROSPIN work on a large number of disease gene products has yielded a wealth of insights into the mechanism by which the respective mutation or loss of such proteins might cause disease phenotypes. (europa.eu)
The protein encoded by this gene serves as the small subunit of this complex and is a member of the adaptin protein family. (nih.gov)
Description of the protein which includes the UniProt Function and the NCBI Gene Summary. (nih.gov)
In addition to the gene coding for its capsid protein, every virus needs another gene for its own version of an enzyme known as a polymerase. (stanford.edu)
The family members encode small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that stimulate the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of cholera toxin and play a role in vesicular trafficking as activators of phospholipase D. The gene products, including 6 ARF proteins and 11 ARF-like proteins, constitute a family of the RAS superfamily. (cancerindex.org)
The ARF proteins are categorized as class I (ARF1, ARF2 and ARF3), class II (ARF4 and ARF5) and class III (ARF6), and members of each class share a common gene organization. (cancerindex.org)
Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. (cancerindex.org)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)

Botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins, which specifically proteolyze vesicle fusion proteins involved in regulated secretion, have been widely used as experimental tools to block these processes. (nih.gov)
Here we review evidence that SARS-CoV-2 directly or indirectly activates inflammasomes, which are large multiprotein assemblies that are broadly responsive to pathogen-associated and stress-associated cellular insults, leading to secretion of the pleiotropic IL-1 family cytokines (IL-1β and IL-18), and pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of cell death. (nature.com)

We now demonstrate that the insertion of in vitro-synthesized F 1 F 0 ATP synthase subunit c (F 0 c) into inner membrane vesicles requires YidC. (rupress.org)
AP-1 heterotetrameric complex contains a gamma-adaptin subunit bearing a gamma-ear at its carboxy terminus, while Ggas are monomeric adaptor proteins containing a C-terminal domain related to the ear domain of gamma-adaptin. (eu.org)

A vesicle-mediated transport process in which the presynapse take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. (mcw.edu)
Here we show that gangliosides, basic components of the host cell's plasma membrane, have an important role in this process. (plos.org)
Thus, in addition to the well-known function of gangliosides as host cell receptors that mediate virus (e.g., polyoma and SV40) attachment and transport from the plasma membrane to the ER, we now demonstrate that they can also act as determinants for capture by mDCs. (plos.org)
The primary role of SNAREs is in bridging the apposed synaptic vesicle and plasma membrane, by forming a core fusion complex. (aiche.org)
These membrane associated proteins play a key role in the regulation of vesicle membrane fusion with the plasma membrane. (novusbio.com)

Another hypothesis is that SYT mediates Ca 2+ interactions with SNARE proteins and facilitates the fusion process by providing Ca 2+ ions to the synaptic vesicle fusion apparatus [4, 5]. (aiche.org)
It mediates the interaction between the 2 proteins Ent3p and Ent5p and the gamma-ear domains of Gga2p and AP-1. (eu.org)

After other molecules known as coat proteins pinch the cell's membrane to form an inward-puckering sac, dynamin wraps, python-like, around the neck of the sac and squeezes it tightly. (nih.gov)

It uniquely supports contemporary EV research focused on: (1) exploring the role EVs play in cellular communication and (2) the mechanisms and molecules behind EV deployment, release, uptake, and impact on the biochemical function and behavior of cells. (bruker.com)
Here, we show that gangliosides in the HIV-1 membrane are the key molecules for mDC uptake. (plos.org)
Keeping in mind, the field of drug delivery has made tremendous advances in increasing the therapeutic potential of a variety of drug candidates spanning from small molecules to large molecular biologics such as nucleic acids, proteins, etc. (wms-site.com)
Protein glycosylation is an important posttranslational modification that confers both structural and functional properties to the molecules [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
Ion channels and membrane transporters are in the business of moving ions and small molecules across cellular membranes. (phys.org)
Such molecules do exist and fall into a class of proteins called growth factors. (lww.com)

VAMP-7 localizes to late endosomes and lysosomes and is involved in the fusion of transport vesicles to their target membranes. (wikipedia.org)
Membrane fusion is a ubiquitous process, essential for cellular development, communication, and drug delivery. (biophysics.org)
It consists of consecutive steps including docking of the two bilayers, membrane destabilization, fusion of the outer leaflets (hemifusion), opening and expansion of the fusion neck and finally full fusion. (biophysics.org)
Synaptotagmin (SYT) and SNAREs have been identified as critical proteins that regulate membrane fusion in concert with Ca 2+ [1, 2]. (aiche.org)
SYT, a C2-domain family protein is thought to act as a Ca 2+ sensor, although there is still debate as to the precise mechanism through which SYT enhances membrane fusion. (aiche.org)
In one hypothesis, SYT penetrates the negatively charged membrane bilayer after binding Ca 2+ , causing tubulation of the bilayer, thereby lowering the activation energy barrier for fusion [3]. (aiche.org)
In this work, molecular dynamics simulations used to understand the interactions of SYT with phospholipid bilayers and SNARE proteins in an effort to elucidate the process of membrane fusion at the atomic level. (aiche.org)
Simulations are also used to understand the hypothesized binding of SYT to the tv-SNARE complex during membrane fusion. (aiche.org)

NPC1 is a membrane protein found in late endosomes and lysosomes that functions to transport cholesterol across the membrane. (phys.org)

abstract = "Protein cargos anchored on the lipid membrane can be segregated by fluidic domain phase separation. (montclair.edu)
abstract = "Programmed cell death (PCD) in many systems is controlled by relative amounts of the apoptosis-regulating proteins Bax and Bcl-2 through homo- or heterodimerization. (huji.ac.il)

The protein interacts with multiple parts of the cytoskeleton, including tube-like structures called microtubules and proteins called actin, which organize into filaments to provide structure. (medlineplus.gov)
Stonin2 interacts with synaptotagmin to facilitate uncoating of clathrin-coated vesicles Ref:Walther, K., et al. (antibodiesinc.com)
The M protein of SARS-CoV-2 interacts with S, E and N protein. (preprints.org)
It interacts with accessory proteins such as Rabaptin-5 and gamma-synergin in mammalian cells and Ent3p and Ent5p in yeast. (eu.org)

By analogy with AP-2 (the well characterized adaptor complex involved in endocytic CCV formation) the gamma-ear domain of AP-1 and Ggas probably mediate interactions with accessory proteins during CCV formation. (eu.org)

2. Localization of multidomain adaptor proteins, p140Cap and vinexin, in the pancreatic islet of a spontaneous diabetes mellitus model, Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats. (nih.gov)

The sphingomyelin that accumulates in the lysosomes of Niemann-Pick disease-affected cells is thought to arise from the degradation of the cells and their organelles because it is a major component of all mammalian cell membranes. (medscape.com)
An Elegant Excuse to Spend a Week Discussing Intriguing Cell Membranes! (biophysics.org)

The NSP6ΔSGF mutant, which arose independently in the α, β, γ, η, ι, and λ variants of SARS-CoV-2, behaves as a gain-of-function mutant with a higher ER-zippering activity. (tigem.it)

It is the prototype member of the R-SNARE PROTEINS . (nih.gov)

A specific role in clathrin localization and assembly on TGN/endosome membranes and in traffic between the TGN and endosomes has been proposed for this motif. (eu.org)

The vesicle associated membrane proteins (VAMP) or synaptobrevins are calcium binding proteins specific to eukaryotes. (novusbio.com)

In addition, we provide a side-by-side comparison of the subcellular structures that have been most frequently misinterpreted as SARS-CoV-2 along with actual viral particles that have been identified in COVID-19 autopsy tissues. (cdc.gov)
In the first image, dynamin has squeezed the membrane to create two vesicle-like structures (lower right). (nih.gov)
In the second image, taken seconds later, dynamin has severed the membrane to release these structures. (nih.gov)
The presence of RBC β-NHEs was confirmed by functional, molecular and bioinformatic data and super-resolution imaging revealed, for the first time, the subcellular location of β-NHE protein in vesicle-like structures and on the RBC membrane, and its translocation after adrenergic stimulation. (biorxiv.org)
Biosynthesis of carbohydrate moieties of glycoproteins, unlike that of DNA, RNA, or proteins, is a template-independent reaction, that is, their structures are not directly encoded by genes. (intechopen.com)
Studying a protein's structure lets scientists get a better handle on its mechanisms of action, but the structures of ion channels and membrane transporters have long been shrouded in mystery. (phys.org)

Dynamin 2 is also involved in the cell's structural framework (cytoskeleton). (medlineplus.gov)

Botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins are both large proteins composed of two parts, a heavy chain, and a light chain. (listlabs.com)

These mutations lead to a change in the structure of dynamin 2. (medlineplus.gov)
Dynamin-2 mutations associated with centronuclear myopathy are hypermorphic and lead to T-tubule fragmentation. (medlineplus.gov)
Fabrizi GM, Ferrarini M, Cavallaro T, Cabrini I, Cerini R, Bertolasi L, Rizzuto N. Two novel mutations in dynamin-2 cause axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. (medlineplus.gov)
Signalling at nerve cell synapses - a key determinant of all aspects of brain function - depends on hundreds of synaptic proteins and their interactions, and a wide range of neurological and psychiatric disorders are synapse disorders or 'synaptopathies', whose onset and progression are due to mutations of synaptic proteins and subsequent synaptic dysfunctions. (europa.eu)
The EUROSPIN consortium was initiated with the aim of pursuing a multilevel systems biology approach to determine mechanistic relationships between mutations of synaptic proteins and neurological and psychiatric diseases, and to develop new diagnostic tools and therapies. (europa.eu)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)

Stonin 2 is membrane bound protein that is involved in the regulation of endocytotic complexes and synaptic vesicle recycling. (antibodiesinc.com)
Using some of these mouse lines as well as newly developed subcellular fractionation protocols, EUROSPIN partners have characterized key disease-relevant protein complexes of synapses and their protein components. (europa.eu)

What causes the release of these neurotoxic proteins from neurons or other cell types of the brain is unknown, neither are the underlying molecular mechanisms. (nih.gov)
10. High-resolution localization of clathrin assembly protein AP180 in the presynaptic terminals of mammalian neurons. (nih.gov)
Numerous neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are associated with excessive aggregation of the RNA-binding protein TDP-43 (TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa) in neurons. (biophysics.org)

MenB-4C contains 4 N. meningitidis protein antigens adsorbed on aluminum hydroxide: factor H binding protein (fHbp), Neisserial adhesin A (NadA), Neisserial heparin binding antigen (NHBA), and Porin A P1.4 (PorA) from outer membrane vesicles. (medscape.com)
Our primary objective was to measure protective immune responses to the MenB vaccine by using hSBA titers against 3 meningococcal strains: strain New Zealand (NZ) 98/254 for the PorA P1.4 antigen of outer membrane vesicles, strain 5/99 for NadA, and strain H44/76 for fHbp. (medscape.com)

A jolt of energy from a molecule called GTP severs the neck, releasing a free-floating bubble, called a vesicle, inside the cell, and sealing the cell's outer membrane shut. (nih.gov)
By a layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of polyelectrolytes, outer membrane protein F trimers (OmpF) or 'porins' from Escherichia coli with a central pore of ~2 nm diameter at its opening and ~0.7 × 1.1 nm at its constricted region are immobilized within the pores of poly(vinylidene fluoride) microfiltration membranes, as opposed to traditional ruptured lipid bilayer or vesicles processes. (nih.gov)
The outer membranes of cells are normally tough to get into without some kind of special pass. (stanford.edu)

4. Synaptic localization of membrane-associated guanylate kinase-interacting protein mediated by the pleckstrin homology domain. (nih.gov)
Membrane insertion of the pleckstrin homology domain variable loop 1 is critical for dynamin-catalyzed vesicle scission. (nih.gov)

Inside the cell, viral polymerases generate numerous copies of the invader's genes, from whose instructions the cell's obedient molecular assembly line produces capsid subunits and other viral proteins. (stanford.edu)

In the inner membrane of yeast mitochondria, Oxa1 is required for the insertion of several membrane proteins among which are subunits of the F 1 F 0 ATP synthase and cytochrome c oxidase ( Stuart, 2002 ). (rupress.org)
Mitochondria not only serve as power plants in cells but also act as crucial regulators in many biological processes, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling, redox balance, calcium homeostasis, protein quality control, and programmed cell death ( 3 , 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
The main obstacle is because many protein components of mitochondria are the network hubs of multiple biological pathways. (frontiersin.org)
Targeting Mitochondria 2023 Best Short Oral Presentation Award #2 The World Mitochondria Society celebrates Sami Noujaim from the University of Sou. (wms-site.com)

Protein misfolding can occur at every step during biogenesis, starting from the translation at the ribosome. (nih.gov)

Quantitative Changes in the Synaptic Vesicle Proteins Synapsin I and p38 and the Astrocyte-Specific Protein Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein are Associated with Chemical-Induced Injury to the Rat Central Nervous System (Journal Version). (epa.gov)

what two ways do G-protein coupled receptors (metabotropic receptors) work? (flashcardmachine.com)
Neufeld G, Kessler O, Herzog Y. The interaction of Neuropilin-1 and Neuropilin-2 with tyrosine-kinase receptors for VEGF. (smw.ch)

This conserved domain, referred as gamma adaptin ear (GAE), functions as a platform for recruitment of accessory proteins at the TGN. (eu.org)
where botulinum toxin is, at least initially, associated with accessory proteins, forming a toxin complex. (listlabs.com)

Scientists studying dynamin use an artificial membrane (orange) to analyze the protein's action. (nih.gov)
Neither artificial membrane slabs, nor 'live cells' imaged under conditions in which cells have a shabby life that doesn't last long (how much of this is due to the mistreatment of the membrane proteins? (biophysics.org)

However, the cloning, production and exploitation of glycans has lagged behind protein and nucleic acid counterparts. (ukri.org)

In MAPS, cargos need to be translocated from the cytoplasm into the lumen of these vesicles. (nih.gov)

The potential of mean force (PMF) between SYT and phospholipid bilayers is calculated using the adaptive biasing technique [7] and shows that Ca 2+ binding to SYT is required creates favorable protein bilayer interactions that lead to the insertion of SYT. (aiche.org)

We are currently studying the fate of neurotoxic proteins released by the MAPS pathway, the interaction of secreted proteins with target cells (e.g. astrocytes and microglial cells), and the functional consequence associated with deregulation of the MAPS pathway with emphasis on the role of DNAJC5 in the pathogenesis of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL). (nih.gov)
As a major PQC system in eukaryotic cells, the ubiquitin proteasome pathway degrades misfolded proteins as soon as they are generated. (nih.gov)
Protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells is monitored by a PQC pathway that eliminates partially translated nascent chains due to ribosome stalling or prolonged translation pausing. (nih.gov)
Recent studies have revealed many mechanistic details on this ribosome-associated quality control pathway, particularly for ribosomes translating cytosolic proteins. (nih.gov)
I went to a symposium where the keynote speakers presented this fascinating sterol regulatory element binding protein, or SREBP, pathway. (phys.org)

Anatomy50

Organisms11

Chemicals and Drugs107

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment31

Phenomena and Processes55

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Information Science3

Health Care1

Extracellular18

Lipids7

Intracellular8

Endocytosis10

Giant unilamellar vesicles1

Synaptic Vesicles2

VAMP22

Presynaptic plasma2

Cytoplasmic2

Receptor6

Golgi4

Phosphorylation3

Endoplasmic reticulum4

Cargo7

Transmembrane3

Gene14

Secretion2

Subunit2

Plasma5

Mediates2

Cell's membrane1

Molecules6

Fusion8

Late endosomes and lysosomes1

Abstract2

Interacts4

Endocytic1

Adaptor proteins1

Cell membranes2

Variants1

SNARE1

Endosome1

VAMP1

Structures6

Cytoskeleton1

Tetanus neurotoxins1

Mutations6

Complexes2

Neurons3

Antigen2

Outer3

Pleckstrin homolo2

Viral proteins1

Mitochondria4

Biogenesis1

Glial Fibrill1

Receptors2

Accessory proteins2

Artificial membrane2

Nucleic acid1

Lumen1

Interactions1

Pathway5