• Vichem - the company he co-founded in 1999 - developed a kinase inhibitor library, and a hit finding technology called Nested Chemical Library™ technology and an allosteric library for inhibiting protein-protein interactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we identify the tumor suppressor Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type kappa (Ptprk), as a Wnt inhibitor of the Spemann organizer. (elifesciences.org)
  • Conversely, SMMC‑7721 human HCC cells transfected with a miR‑497 inhibitor exhibited enhanced colony formation and tumor growth. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Due to the introduction of imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), CML patients now benefit from treatment ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • FAK-null primary embryonic fibroblast proliferation in culture is blocked by p53 activation and released upon p53 or p21CIP1 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor genetic inactivation (Fig. 2). (schlaepferlab.org)
  • Bafilomycin A, an autophagy inhibitor, resulted in the accumulation of LC3 in cells treated with silvestrol. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We describe areas where major inroads were initially achieved by targeting angiogenesis and by unraveling pathways in the heterogeneous tumors of mesenchymal origin-spurred by the identification of c-Kit-activating mutations in GIST and the regressions that ensued when tumors harboring these mutations were exposed to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (Gleevec). (cancernetwork.com)
  • Here, in Part I, we describe areas where major inroads were initially achieved by targeting angiogenesis (central to the biology of renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular cancer) and by unraveling pathways in the heterogeneous tumors of mesenchymal origin-spurred by the identification of c-Kit-activating mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and the regressions that ensued when tumors harboring these mutations were exposed to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (Gleevec). (cancernetwork.com)
  • Cells were further treated with GSK2643943A (inhibitor of deubiquitinase) or miR-652-3p-inhibitor to explore the role of PTEN ubiquitination and miR-652-3p in NSCLC cells. (bjbms.org)
  • Background Chromosome Area Maintenance 1 (CRM1) is a nuclear exporter and its inhibitor has anti-tumor activity in different cancers. (cancerhugs.com)
  • We found that sorafenib may act as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor based on similar gene expression profiles. (oncotarget.com)
  • Sorafenib, a multi-kinase inhibitor, was approved to treat advanced HCC in 2007 [ 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • SP reduced CVB induced phosphorylation of activating Panobinostat molecular weight kinase inhibitor transcription component , but didn't alter CVB viral protein synthesis, viral progeny release, cell death, or caspase activation in infected cells. (vegfrinhibitors.com)
  • Vandetanib kinase inhibitor Untreated cells have been made use of as management, and medium while not cells was employed to determine the assay background signal. (vegfrinhibitors.com)
  • Recently, an increasing number of studies have revealed that microRNA-497 (miR-497) levels are decreased in tumors, and that it functions as a tumor suppressor in a number of types of human cancer, including colorectal, gastric, cervical and breast cancers, adrenocortical carcinoma and melanoma ( 12 - 20 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Cell adhesion molecule-1 (CADM1) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that functions as a tumor suppressor of lung tumors. (cancerindex.org)
  • Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) inhibits proliferation and promotes cell migration. (nih.gov)
  • In this study, our aim was to evaluate the proliferation pattern as well as the resistance to spontaneous transformation of hASCs during expansion in a xeno-free culture condition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This complete characterization of hASCs cultivated in pooled allogeneic human serum, a suitable xeno-free approach, shows that pooled allogeneic human serum provides a high proliferation rate, which can be attributed for the first time to C-MYC protein expression, and showed cell stability for safe clinical applications in compliance with good manufacturing practice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The role of miR‑497 in regulating the proliferation of HCC‑derived cells was also investigated in vitro and in vivo. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Many of these miRNAs act as tumor suppressors and/or oncogenes, and are involved in cell activities that include development, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism and immunity ( 7 , 10 , 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In previous research, the authors demonstrated that the methanol extract of Artemisia vulgaris (AVM) has the ability to inhibit chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell proliferation. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • ZNF148 suppressed cell proliferation and migration and was transcriptionally repressed by MYC in breast cancer. (nature.com)
  • Depletion of ZNF148 by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and CRISPR/Cas9 increased triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell proliferation and migration. (nature.com)
  • Tight control of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells exists to control proliferation, differentiation or apoptosis. (benthamscience.com)
  • However, the underlying mechanisms involved in the induction of genomic instability, genotoxicity, mutations and consequent increased cell proliferation are still a matter of intense research. (benthamscience.com)
  • Genotoxic damage causes robust alterations to pathways associated with B cell activation and increased proliferation, suggesting that genotoxic damage initiates not only the normal B cell maturation processes but also mimics activated B cell response to antigenic agents. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dong H, Zhu G, Tamada K, Chen L. B7-H1, a third member of the B7 family, co-stimulates T-cell proliferation and interleukin-10 secretion. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Hatten ME, Shelanski ML. Mouse cerebellar granule neurons arrest the proliferation of human and rodent astrocytoma cells in vitro. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Here, we determined the effect of Jiyuan oridonin A (JOA), an ent -kaurene diterpenoid compound, on the differentiation blockade in imatinib-sensitive, particularly, imatinib-resistant CML cells with BCR-ABL-T315I mutation by cell proliferation assay, apoptosis analysis, cell differentiation analysis, cell cycle analysis and colony formation assay. (jcancer.org)
  • We found that JOA at lower concentration significantly inhibited the proliferation of CML cells expressing mutant BCR-ABL (T315I mutation included) and wild-type BCR-ABL, which was due to that JOA induced the cell differentiation and the cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. (jcancer.org)
  • BCR-ABL oncogene encodes a BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase (TK), which triggers different downstream targets including c-Myc, STAT5 and CrkL, which participated in the control of cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and other cellular behaviors [ 3 - 5 ]. (jcancer.org)
  • Overexpression of KLF4 inside a human being pancreatic carcinoma cell range induced a substantial reduction in the proliferation connected with up-regulation of p21 as well as the down-regulation of cyclin D1. (scienceexhibitions.org)
  • Lack of KLF4 manifestation is closely linked to the genomic reduction and its repair inhibits tumor cell proliferation recommending an integral suppressor part in pancreatic tumorigenesis. (scienceexhibitions.org)
  • Lastly, increased cell proliferation and tumor burden after TMEM127 loss can be reversed by selective RET inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. (stanford.edu)
  • Here, we show that loss of TMEM127 causes wildtype RET protein accumulation on the cell surface, where increased receptor density facilitates constitutive ligand-independent activity and downstream signaling, driving cell proliferation. (stanford.edu)
  • Herein, the current study set out to explore the molecular mechanism of OTUD5 in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. (bjbms.org)
  • On the other hand, over-expression of OTUD5 suppressed NSCLC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. (bjbms.org)
  • Altogether, our findings highlighted that miR-652-3p restrained the role of OTUD5 in deubiquitinating PTEN to improve PTEN protein level, thereby promoting NSCLC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. (bjbms.org)
  • Cell proliferation involves the replication of all cellular contents with the required energy for this to happen. (hindawi.com)
  • To prevent aberrant cell proliferation, these pathways are tightly regulated. (hindawi.com)
  • This activation is necessary for both cell proliferation as well as glucose uptake and use. (hindawi.com)
  • We examined Vav3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis in docetaxel-treated LNCaP cells under chronic hypoxia (LNCaPH). (biomedcentral.com)
  • We examined individual and combined effects of Vav3 siRNA (si-Vav3) and docetaxel on cell growth and apoptosis under chronic hypoxia by cell proliferation, flow cytometric, DNA fragmentation, and immunoblot analyses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, their osteogenic differentiation potential was increased, and genes involved in cell adhesion, FGF-2 signalling, cell cycle, stemness, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation were upregulated, compared to that of the MSCs cultured on uncoated plates. (hindawi.com)
  • Specifically, the concepts of tumour heterogeneity, oncogene addiction, non-oncogene addiction, tumour initiating cells, tumour microenvironment, non-coding sequences and DNA damage response will be reviewed. (bmj.com)
  • by contributing to sustained chronic inflammation as a result of modulating the immune cells so that the tumor microenvironment is activated by invasion of immune suppressive regulatory T cells, and/or by mediating the release of inflammatory mediators by immune cells with no anti-tumor activity. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • The interplay between the gliomas, the tumor microenvironment and infiltrating immune cells can hold key information to how to utilize PD-L1/PD-1 directed immunotherapies to successfully treat GBM patients. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • This divergent effect might be dependent on the glioma subclass, expression levels of PD-L1 and PD-L1 regulatory molecules, but most importantly on the cell type that express PD-L1 in the tumor microenvironment. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Up-regulation of PD-L1, IDO, and T(regs) in the melanoma tumor microenvironment is driven by CD8(+) T cells. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Hypoxia, a condition of oxygen deprivation, is considered a hallmark of tumor microenvironment regulating several pathways and promoting cancer progression and resistance to therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Semaphorins, a family of about 20 secreted, transmembrane and GPI-linked glycoproteins, and their cognate receptors (plexins and neuropilins) play a pivotal role in the crosstalk between cancer and stromal cells present in the tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hypoxia (low oxygen concentration) and nutrient deprivation, caused by inappropriate blood supply, represent important hallmarks of tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Signal cross-talk between these cells within the microenvironment regulates tumor progression. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • Although much is known regarding how the master tumor suppressor p53 can function as a barrier to tumor progression within tumor cells, recent studies have uncovered powerful roles for cell extrinsic effects of p53 in stimulating an anti-tumorigenic microenvironment. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • Better models are needed to guide future therapeutic strategies to recapitulate key features driving a repressive tumor microenvironment. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • In the tumor microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages are mainly M2-type macrophages with tumor-promoting effects. (techscience.com)
  • Fibrotic livers are characterized by an inflammatory microenvironment that is composed of various immunologically active cells, including liver-resident populations (e.g. (mdpi.com)
  • While inflammatory injury drives both fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis, the tolerogenic microenvironment of the liver conveys immunosuppressive effects that encourage tumor growth. (mdpi.com)
  • In contrast, cancer cells shift their metabolism toward lactate production even in the presence of oxygen [ 4 ], partly through genetic modifications that stabilize the transcription factor Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) involved in the adaptation of the cells to hypoxia, under nonhypoxic conditions as well as generating an adaptive response to the hypoxic microenvironment (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
  • We demonstrate that PLL provides favourable microenvironment for MSC culture by reversing the replicative senescence. (hindawi.com)
  • Expression of the suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS1) is inactivated in hematopoietic and solid cancers by promoter methylation, miRNA-mediated silencing, and mutations. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Increased curiosity about CAPN3 was highly stimulated when it had been reported that mutations in its gene bring about limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) type 2A, seen as a the continuous atrophy of hip and make muscle tissues (LGMD2A, or calpainopathy) (21). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • As opposed to other styles of muscles dystrophy, where mutations take place in genes encoding structural protein, calpainopathy was the initial reported kind of dystrophy predetermined by mutations within a gene encoding a proteolytic enzyme. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • You can find over 440 noted mutations within the calpain 3 gene up to now, included in this 212 (50%) are missense mutations, a lot of which alter its catalytic activity (22). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • These alterations can take the form of epigenetic modifications, point mutations, translocations, amplifications or deletions and modify gene functions in ways that deregulate cellular signalling pathways leading to the cancer phenotype. (bmj.com)
  • Discoveries have shown that melanoma frequently harbors mutations that attenuate tumor suppressor genes such as p53 and PTEN, leading to cell cycle dysregulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we report that, at single-nucleus resolution, TMEM127-mutant tumors share precursor cells and transcription regulatory elements with pheochromocytomas carrying mutations of the tyrosine kinase receptor RET. (stanford.edu)
  • The adrenal tumour pheochromocytoma (PCC) can be caused by activating mutations of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase, or inactivation of TMEM127, a transmembrane tumour suppressor implicated in trafficking of endosomal cargos. (stanford.edu)
  • However, cancer cells overcome these controls, in particular by acquiring genetic mutations leading to the activation of oncogenes (pten, myc) or loss of tumor suppressors (p53) [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • ALL cancers have lots of additional changes, the so-called 'passenger' mutations, that may contribute to the cancer, but are not the main genes. (cancerquest.org)
  • Recognizing that inherited BRCA1/2 mutations are implicated in the cause of disease in a proportion of EOC patients, has led to the identification of the role of these genes in DNA repair. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The power of the thiol proteinases to cleave a multitude of substrates in response to calcium mineral activation allows their involvement in a variety of cell processes offering cell motility, sign transduction, apoptosis, cell differentiation and legislation of the cytoskeleton (3). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Viability, apoptosis, and autophagy of virus-treated GC cells were analyzed under normal and sphere-forming culture conditions using the XTT assay and western blot analysis. (bvsalud.org)
  • RESULTS: Under normal and sphere-forming culture conditions, OBP-702 induced a significantly greater antitumor effect in GC cells compared with Ad-p53 by strongly inducing p53-mediated apoptosis and autophagy and receptor tyrosine kinase suppression. (bvsalud.org)
  • AVM induced the release of cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase‑3 caused apoptosis and inhibited the viability of these cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Differentiation and apoptosis have cell cycle withdraw in common, while cancer and degenerative processes both show altered control of the cell cycle. (benthamscience.com)
  • These included dramatic recurrence of increased copy number of the PDGF/VEGF receptor, which is also over-expressed in many cancer cells, and of bantam, an anti-apoptosis miRNA. (duke.edu)
  • In this report, we demonstrate for the first time that experimental up-regulation of PTPRD in neuroblastoma cell lines significantly decreases cell growth and increases apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tumor-associated B7-H1 promotes T-cell apoptosis: a potential mechanism of immune evasion. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) results from BCR-ABL oncogene, which blocks CML cells differentiation and protects these cells from apoptosis. (jcancer.org)
  • The purpose of the current study was to determine if inhibition of protein synthesis caused by silvestrol triggers autophagy and apoptosis in cultured human cancer cells derived from solid tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Silvestrol potently inhibits cell growth and induces cell death in human melanoma cells through induction of early autophagy and caspase-mediated apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Silvestrol represents a natural product scaffold that exhibits potent cytotoxic activity and could be used for the further study of autophagy and its relationship to apoptosis in cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The generation of cellular models of drug resistance has been pivotal in unravelling the main effectors of resistance to traditional chemotherapy at the molecular level (i.e. intracellular drug inactivation, detoxifying systems, defects in DNA repair, apoptosis evasion, membrane transporters and cell adhesion). (nature.com)
  • A successful therapy must therefore eliminate these cells known to be highly resistant to apoptosis. (hindawi.com)
  • In this paper, we describe the metabolic changes as well as the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis occurring in cancer cells and cancer stem cells, underlying the connection between these two processes. (hindawi.com)
  • To clarify the molecular basis of si-Vav3- and docetaxel-induced apoptosis, we analyzed alterations in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, extracellular signal-regulate kinase (ERK), c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and AR pathways using kinase inhibitors in LNCaPH cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition to increased B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) phosphorylation through JNK signaling in response to docetaxel, si-Vav3 enhanced docetaxel-induced apoptosis, as characterized by the accumulation of sub-G1 phase cells and DNA fragmentation, through Bcl-xL/Bcl-2-associated death promoter (Bad) dephosphorylation, resulting in increased caspase-9, caspase-3, and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Interrupting Vav3 signaling enhances docetaxel-induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells under chronic hypoxia by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt, ERK, and AR signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These protein consist of growth government bodies and suppressors of cell apoptosis, nuclear localization of which can be needed for their correct function [4]. (cancerhugs.com)
  • These inhibitors are selectively inhibitors of nuclear move (SINE), and possess been demonstrated to end up being effective for dealing with specific types of malignancies, including pancreatic tumor, severe myeloid leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, causing in significant development apoptosis and inhibition of tumour cells with no serious toxicity [20]C[22]. (cancerhugs.com)
  • He achieved outstanding results in the research and development of peptide hormone derivatives and kinase inhibitors as antitumor agents. (wikipedia.org)
  • JOA displayed the activity of inhibiting the BCR-ABL and promoted differentiation of not only imatinib -sensitive but also imatinib -resistant cells with BCR-ABL mutation, which could become a potent lead compound to overcome the imatinib -resistant induced by inhibitors of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase in CML therapy. (jcancer.org)
  • For most patients with CML, BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have turned the an inevitably fatal disease into a manageable condition. (jcancer.org)
  • Abstract The emergence of tumor immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has brought new life to cancer treatment, and ICIs can effectively treat various tumors. (techscience.com)
  • Palliative treatment contains chemo- and radiotherapy and even more lately, focusing on therapy, such as skin development element receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) gefitinib, erlotinib, and icotinib. (cancerhugs.com)
  • Certainly, to day, many little molecule CRM1 inhibitors possess been created and with high anti-tumor activity, such as leptomycin W (LMB), ratjadone, goniothalamin, N-azolylacrylates, and CBS9106 [11]C[15]. (cancerhugs.com)
  • PARP1 inhibitors enhance the effects of DNA damaging drugs in homologous recombination-deficient tumors including tumors with breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA1) mutation. (oncotarget.com)
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) specifically target homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) cells and display good therapeutic effect in women with advanced-stage BRCA1/2-mutated breast and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). (biomedcentral.com)
  • RNA interference (RNAi) of PTPRK accelerated cell cycle progression, enhanced response to epidermal growth factor (EGF), and abrogated TGF-beta-mediated antimitogenesis. (nih.gov)
  • The MYC proto-oncogene ( MYC ) is one of the most frequently overexpressed genes in breast cancer that drives cancer stem cell-like traits, resulting in aggressive disease progression and poor prognosis. (nature.com)
  • Tumor initiation and progression often involve the dysregulation of developmentally important genes in cancer cells, endowing them with stem cell-like features such as enhanced self-renewal, invasiveness, and an aberrant differentiation state [ 1 ]. (nature.com)
  • A multitude of pathways control cyclin-dependent kinase activities as the major event for cell cycle progression. (benthamscience.com)
  • Many studies reported that some semaphorins are involved in the development of a permissive tumor niche, guiding cell-cell communication and, consequently, the development and progression, as well as the response to therapy, of different cancer histotypes, including melanoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, semaphorins and their cognate receptors are involved in controlling cancer stem cell phenotype, contributing to tumor progression, resistance to therapies, and metastasis initiation [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Semaphorins/semaphorin receptors are considered relevant drivers of angiogenesis and regulators of tumor progression and response to therapy, as well as cellular metabolism and genomic stability [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the last years a huge amount of data has been obtained shedding novel insights on the mechanisms through which hypoxia affects tumor progression and response to therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, silvestrol blocked progression through the cell cycle at the G 2 -phase. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Accumulating evidence shows that cancer stem cells are key drivers of tumor formation, progression, and recurrence. (hindawi.com)
  • Of the 30,000 or so genes that are currently thought to exist in the human genome , there is a small subset that seems to be particularly important in the prevention, development, and progression of cancer. (cancerquest.org)
  • He has developed at Vichem the DriverHit Library™ for inhibiting the signaling pathways activated by cancer driver genes or mutated tumor suppressor genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • First, we found that copy numbers correlated to maintain stoichiometric balance in protein complexes and biochemical pathways, consistent with the gene balance hypothesis. (duke.edu)
  • What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
  • Lipids, amino acids, and nucleotides necessary for the biosynthesis of the daughter cells are mostly provided by intermediate metabolites of these pathways. (hindawi.com)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Although signaling cascades through MK 8742 GITR in immune cells have been explained (4) there has been little to no evidence describing involvement of these pathways in the practical plasticity of nTregs. (siamtech.net)
  • In MCF10A/HER2 cells, TGF-beta enhanced cell motility, FAK phosphorylation, F-actin assembly, and focal adhesion formation and inhibited RhoA activity. (nih.gov)
  • In cells expressing RPTPkappa RNAi, phosphorylation of Src at Tyr527 was increased and (activating) phosphorylation of Src at Tyr416 was reduced. (nih.gov)
  • Two biochemical processes, protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and ubiquitin-mediated degradation drive cell cycle control. (benthamscience.com)
  • Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor delta (PTPRD) is a member of a large family of protein tyrosine phosphatases which negatively regulate tyrosine phosphorylation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, imatinib was a paradigm of targeted therapies, which due to that imatinib inhibits the phosphorylation of BCR-ABL then suppress the activation of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase [ 6 ]. (jcancer.org)
  • Phosphorylation of PINK1 is not only required for the PINK1-mediated mitochondrial recruitment of Parkin but also induces its kinase activity toward Parkin. (sdbonline.org)
  • In normal cells, glucose participates in cellular energy production through glycolysis as well as through its complete catabolism via the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). (hindawi.com)
  • The protein is phosphorylated in a cell-cycle dependent manner, with late prophase phosphorylation remaining through metaphase. (cancerindex.org)
  • We herein demonstrated that CADM1 interacts with Hippo pathway core kinases and enhances the phosphorylation of YAP1, and also that the membranous co-expression of CADM1 and LATS2 predicts a favorable prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. (cancerindex.org)
  • Interrupting Vav3 signaling using siRNA enhanced docetaxel-induced cell growth suppression compared with that induced by docetaxel alone by inhibition of Akt and ERK phosphorylation, resulting in AR phosphorylation inhibition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Unexpectedly, the interaction between DLC-1 and the cten SH2 domain is independent of tyrosine phosphorylation of DLC-1. (rupress.org)
  • Mechanistically, the cell differentiation mediated by JOA may be originated from the inhibition of BCR-ABL/c-MYC signaling in CML cells expressing wild-type BCR-ABL and BCR-ABL-T315I. (jcancer.org)
  • Augmenting the ubiquitination levels of PTEN promoted NSCLC cell growth, whereas miR-652-3p inhibition promoted the tumor-suppressing effects of the OTUD5/ PTEN axis in NSCLC. (bjbms.org)
  • It was also shown that inhibition of the p16 tumour suppressor gene delays growth arrest and therefore senescence of MSC [ 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Finally, IGF‑1R protein, phosphoinositide 3‑kinase/Akt signaling pathway‑associated proteins and cyclin pathway‑associated proteins were differentially expressed between miR‑497‑overexpressing cells and miR-497-silenced cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Solid tumors are comprised of a mix cells - fibroblasts, blood vessels, immune cells, as well as the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • Melanoma also frequently exhibits enhanced activation of receptor tyrosine kinases like epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and MET, as well as BRAF and small G proteins such as Ras [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It was isolated as one of several proteins that became phosphorylated on tyrosine residues in chicken embryo fibroblasts transformed with the v-Src oncogene [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tensin is a gene family with four members (tensin1, tensin2, tensin3, and cten), and their encoding proteins are localized to the cytoplasmic side of focal adhesions. (rupress.org)
  • In the meantime, the amounts of CRM1 proteins are raised in lung tumor tissue when likened to regular lung tissue. (cancerhugs.com)
  • Poly-L-lysine (PLL) of extracellular matrix proteins is a small natural homopolymer of the essential amino acid L-lysine that is used to coat culture substrates. (hindawi.com)
  • Note that by convention gene names are italicized and the proteins they make are not. (cancerquest.org)
  • These genetic alterations result in either activation or inactivation of specific gene functions that contribute to the process of carcinogenesis. (bmj.com)
  • Interestingly, activated b-catenin expression (a mediator of Wnt signaling and cancer stem cells) was sufficient to rescue FAK loss or inactivation phenotypes in 3D culture. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • Furthermore, these DLC-1 mutants have lost their tumor suppression activities. (rupress.org)
  • When these DLC-1 mutants were fused to a focal adhesion targeting sequence, their tumor suppression activities were significantly restored. (rupress.org)
  • These results provide a novel mechanism whereby the SH2 domain of cten-mediated focal adhesion localization of DLC-1 plays an essential role in its tumor suppression activity. (rupress.org)
  • In the lack of or disturbance with MHC I-CD8 connections the regulatory actions of nTregs had been altered not merely leading to the increased loss of suppression however in their transformation to pathogenic IL-13-making Compact disc4+ T effector cells improving lung allergic replies in receiver mice (5). (siamtech.net)
  • Given that the same cells are capable of exhibiting different reactions suppression or enhancement depending on the CD8 expression status of the sponsor (5 24 we hypothesized the plasticity of nTregs may also be determined by GITR-mediated activation through JNK. (siamtech.net)
  • CONCLUSION: Intraperitoneal administration of OBP-702 inhibits the peritoneal metastasis of GC cells by inducing p53-mediated cytopathic activity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Furthermore, HIF-1 actively limits the mitochondrial consumption of pyruvate at two levels: (i) through the enzyme PDK (PDH-kinase), which in turn inhibits PDH activity preventing the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl CoA, and thereby limiting mitochondrial metabolism of pyruvate [ 6 ] and (ii) through the direct activation of LDH [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In order to further examine the possibility that PTPRD acts as a tumor suppressor gene in neuroblastoma, we initially analyzed the levels of PTPRD mRNA transcripts in a set of 88 neuroblastoma tumors using the R2: microarray analysis and visualization platform ( http://r2.amc.nl ) (University of Amsterdam). (biomedcentral.com)
  • First, ovarian cancer cells can spread to other parts of a woman's body before she has been diagnosed, where the cells grow as tiny clumps or spheres, also called tumorspheres. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • Second, in the majority of patients, some ovarian cancer cells will develop resistance to the chemotherapy used. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • The Schlaepfer lab has developed a new mouse ovarian tumor model to study how some ovarian cancer cells resist chemotherapy. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • By genomic sequencing of ovarian cancer cells from mice at early and late stages of the disease, we identified a pattern of gene gains and losses that parallel gene changes occurring in human serous ovarian cancer. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • In mouse tumors and in culture, acquired platinum resistance can facilitate ovarian tumorsphere dependence on FAK for growth. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • To understand how FAK makes ovarian cancer cells resistant to chemotherapy, we have created FAK knockout and reconstituted cells. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • Studies are focused on elucidating the oncogenic FAK signaling role supporting chemoresistance and we will identify other genetic changes associated with ovarian tumor aggression. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • Ovarian tumor protease deubiquitinase 5 (OTUD5) has been discussed as a regulator of cancer development. (bjbms.org)
  • This is supported by studies in knockout mice showing development of soft-tissue sarcomas, ovarian stromal cell tumors and a high sensitivity to carcinogenic treatments. (cancerindex.org)
  • The MYC proto-oncogene is a transcription factor essential in stem/progenitor cell maintenance and differentiation [ 11 ]. (nature.com)
  • Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal expansion of the progenitor hematopoietic stem cells arising from the existence of the fusion BCR-ABL oncogene, that represents 15%-20% of the newly diagnosed cases of leukemia patients [ 1 - 2 ]. (jcancer.org)
  • Loss of tumor suppressor PTEN function increases B7-H1 expression and immunoresistance in glioma. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Firstly, the expression patterns of OTUD5, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), as well as microRNA (miR)-652-3p in cells were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. (bjbms.org)
  • Cell viability, migration, and invasion were assessed with the help of cell-counting kit-8 and Transwell assays, in addition to the measurement of the ubiquitination and protein levels of PTEN. (bjbms.org)
  • OTUD5 and PTEN were both poorly-expressed, and miR-652-3p was highly-expressed in NSCLC cells. (bjbms.org)
  • As a result, cells expressing different forms of BCR/ABL were recruited for the present study, including K562 (human wild‑type) or TCCY‑T315I (human imatinib‑resistant) and the Ba/F3‑(T315I/E279K/Y253H) (mouse BCR/ABL point mutation‑transfected cells). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Interestingly, AVM appeared to be more sensitive to imatinib‑resistant (T315I, Y253H, and E279K) than wild‑type BCR/ABL cells, indicating its potential to overcome imatinib‑resistant severe issues in CML. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Thus, cells expressing different forms of BCR/ABL were recruited for the present study, including K562 [human wild-type (WT)] or TCCY-T315I [human imatinib-resistant (IR)] and the Ba/F3-(T315I/E279K/Y253H) (mouse BCR/ABL point mutation-tranfected cells). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis plays a crucial role in tumor immunosuppression, while the cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have various tumor-promoting functions. (bvsalud.org)
  • Silvestrol-mediated cell death was attenuated in ATG7-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) lacking a functional autophagy protein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We previously reported that nutlin-3a induces PARP1 degradation in p53-dependent manner in mouse fibroblasts, suggesting nutlin-3a may be a PARP1 suppressor. (oncotarget.com)
  • Issazadeh-Navikas S. Alerting the immune system via stromal cells is central to the prevention of tumor growth. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • The use of hASCs for therapeutic applications has grown substantially in the last years, because the use of stem cells from adult tissues circumvent some ethical issues associated with the application of embryonic stem cells, and because of their accessibility via isolation from lipoaspirates, a disposable byproduct of cosmetic surgery. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We previously reported a MYC-centered regulatory network in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells that accounts for the similarity between the ES cells and cancer cells, and is associated with a worse prognosis in cancer, including cancers of the breast [ 20 ]. (nature.com)
  • FAK knockout (KO) or kinase-inactive FAK point-mutant knockin yield embryonic lethal phenotypes in mice characterized by vascular deformation. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • These results strongly circumscribe the possible mechanisms of PINK1 action in the mitochondrial life cycle and also raise the possibility that mitochondrial turnover events that occur in cultured embryonic axons might be restricted to the cell body in vivo, in the intact nervous system. (sdbonline.org)
  • Unlike embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells (MSCs) have a limited lifespan and stop proliferating during in vitro culture due to replicative senescence [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Prior to their clinical application, hASCs must be expanded ex vivo to obtain the required number of cells for transplantation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, the hASCs presented normal karyotype undergoing senescence, and did not form in vivo tumors, eliminating the possibility that spontaneous immortalization of hASCs had occurred with pooled allogeneic human serum. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The in vivo antitumor effects of OBP-702 and Ad-p53 were assessed using xenograft tumor models involving peritoneal metastasis of NUGC-4 and GCIY cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • In vivo experiments demonstrated that intraperitoneal administration of OBP-702 significantly suppressed the peritoneal metastasis of NUGC-4 and GCIY cells compared with Ad-p53, leading to prolonged survival of mice. (bvsalud.org)
  • The programmed death-1 ligand 1:B7-1 pathway restrains diabetogenic effector T cells in vivo. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • The compound has been found to show promising in vitro and in vivo activities against certain B-cell malignancies [ 12 ], and has been under preclinical toxicogical development in the National Cancer Institute Experimental Therapeutics (NExT) program. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study evaluated the roles of PINK1 mitochondrial kinase, and Parkin E3 ubiquitin ligase in targeting depolarized mitochondria for degradation in vivo, using quantitative measurements of mitochondria in Drosophila nervous system. (sdbonline.org)
  • In some cancers, PD-L1 expression by tumor cells correlates with a good prognosis for the patient, whereas in glioblastoma many reports suggest that it is a bad prognostic marker. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • For each cancer discussed in the first part of our overview, as well as in Part II, which will deal with more common cancers, we briefly cover the tumor biology, how targeting was achieved, the introduction of immune modulation or immune-conjugates, and the impact these therapies are having in the disease. (cancernetwork.com)
  • The situation with solid tumors is considerably more complex, and the evolution of targeted therapies for these cancers is still in its infancy. (cancernetwork.com)
  • SUSD6 is abundantly expressed in AML and multiple solid cancers, and its ablation enhanced MHC-I AP and reduced tumor growth in a CD8+ T cell-dependent manner. (stanford.edu)
  • Together with the SUSD6/TMEM127/WWP2 gene signature, which negatively correlates with cancer survival, our findings define a membrane-associated MHC-I inhibitory axis as a potential therapeutic target for both leukemia and solid cancers. (stanford.edu)
  • Further analysis of the mechanisms in nutlin-3a-induced PARP1 degradation may lead to the development of novel PARP1 suppressors applicable for cancers with BRCA1 mutation. (oncotarget.com)
  • A diagram showing the major cancer genes for some cancers. (cancerquest.org)
  • Neuroblastoma is a major childhood cancer arising from precursor cells of the sympathetic nervous system which is known to acquire deletions and alterations in the expression patterns of PTPRD , indicating a potential tumor suppressor function for this gene. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Twelve miRNAs showed concordant expression in tumors vs. normal breast tissues and patient survival (n = 1093), with seven as potential tumor suppressors and five as potential oncomiRs. (cdc.gov)
  • PD-L1 expression by neurons nearby tumors indicates better prognosis in glioblastoma patients. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Kingwell K. Neuro-oncology: Glioblastoma prognosis linked to neuronal PD-L1 expression in tumour-adjacent tissue. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Ploidy and MYCN amplification have been used as genetic markers for risk stratification and therapeutic decision making, and, more recently, gene expression profiling and genome-wide DNA copy number analysis have come into the picture as sensitive and specific tools for assessing prognosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Metastatic tumors (stage M) have a dismal prognosis, whereas patients with locoregional tumors (L1 and L2) usually have an excellent outcome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • membranous co-expression of CADM1 and LATS2 in lung tumors predicts good prognosis. (cancerindex.org)
  • By 24 h, a decrease in cyclin B and cyclin D expression was observed in silvestrol-treated cells relative to control. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The N-terminal region of the protein binds CDC2 to form a complex showing reduced H1 histone kinase activity, indicating a role as a negative regulator of CDC2/cyclin A. In addition, the C-terminal kinase domain binds to its own N-terminal region, suggesting potential negative regulation through interference with complex formation via intramolecular binding. (cancerindex.org)
  • Deficiency of ptprk increases Wnt signaling, leading to reduced expression of Spemann organizer effector genes and inducing head and axial defects. (elifesciences.org)
  • NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus, GSE75278. (elifesciences.org)
  • The expression of the transcription factors c-FOS and c-MYC was examined with Western blot, and MYC , CDKN2A , ERBB2 and TERT gene expression was assessed with quantitative PCR. (biomedcentral.com)
  • however, C-MYC protein expression was enhanced in pooled allogeneic human serum cultures compared to fetal bovine serum cultures. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, the present study investigated miR‑497 expression in HCC samples and HCC‑derived cell lines using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous, non-coding RNAs, which act as key post-transcriptional regulators of target-gene expression. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Overall, 140 cases of esophageal cancer underwent an immunohistochemical analysis of the PD-L1 expression and its association with the expression of the α smooth muscle actin, fibroblast activation protein, CD8, and forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) positive cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Developmentally, it is well established that expression of the ID members is strongest in stem/progenitor cells, while their levels decrease upon differentiation. (nature.com)
  • Expression of the B7-related molecule B7-H1 by glioma cells: a potential mechanism of immune paralysis. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Gliomas promote immunosuppression through induction of B7-H1 expression in tumor-associated macrophages. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Search the gene expression profiles from curated DataSets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. (cancerindex.org)
  • We identified a set gene targets associated with FAK expression and a subset linked to intrinsic FAK activity in tumorspheres. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • p53 effects can be mediated through alterations in matrix protein secretion or gene expression driving elevated cytokine factors altering immune surveillance and cell senescence. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • However, the kinase-independent role for FAK in the nucleus as a powerful regulator of EC gene expression (Fig. 1, red) has received less research attention. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • Based on public data sources, we identified 22 genes that are correlated with PD-1 expression as well as differentially expressed between tumor tissues and normal tissues, and high expression of all the key genes was correlated with a superior survival outcome. (techscience.com)
  • Attributed to the failure of neurons to clear dysfunctional mitochondria , loss of gene expression leads to loss of nigrostriatal neurons. (sdbonline.org)
  • Furthermore, we assessed the global gene expression profile of MSCs on uncoated and PLL-coated plates. (hindawi.com)
  • SP therapy may well also alter gene expression modifications which have considerable results for virus framework and or existence cycle. (vegfrinhibitors.com)
  • These properties include lack of pathogenicity and pathology, ease of preparation and purification, long term expression in many tissues including the muscle, and lack of a detrimental cell-mediated immune response. (justia.com)
  • In particular embodiments, the chimeric viruses of the invention have enhanced transduction capability (e.g., transduction of skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, glial cells, astrocytes, liver, retina and/or lung, etc.), enhanced levels of transgene expression and/or earlier onset of transgene expression. (justia.com)
  • Global gene expression comparison of 6 PARPi-resistant and 6 PARPi-sensitive 3D AsPCs was indicative for the predominant downregulation of numerous genes and networks with previously demonstrated roles in EOC chemoresistance, suggesting that the PARPis-sensitive AsPCs could display enhanced sensitivity to other chemotherapeutic drugs, commonly applied in cancer management. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The differential expression of 7 selected biomarkers was consecutively confirmed by immunohistochemistry in matched EOC tumor samples. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Six miRNAs had concordant expression in both tumors and breast cancer patient blood samples compared with the normal control samples. (cdc.gov)
  • From experimentally validated target genes of these 86 miRNAs, pan-sensitive and pan-resistant genes with concordant mRNA and protein expression associated with in-vitro drug response to 19 NCCN-recommended breast cancer drugs were selected. (cdc.gov)
  • There is currently no gene expression assay that can assess if premalignant lesions will develop into invasive breast cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • To determine the advantage of immunotherapy, the relationship between the cancer cells and the CAFs was evaluated in terms of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our study revealed that nutlin-3a is a PARP1 suppressor that induces PARP1 proteasomal degradation by binding to MDM2 and promoting autoPARylation of PARP1. (oncotarget.com)
  • Cell viability and differentiation capacity toward the mesenchymal lineages were assessed, along with immunophenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Global transcriptome and chromatin occupancy analyses of ZNF148 revealed a central role in inhibiting cancer cell de-differentiation and migration. (nature.com)
  • Comparing these transcriptional responses provides a greater understanding of the mechanisms cells use in the differentiation between types of DNA damage and the potential consequences of different sources of damage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Stage Ms tumors (where 's' stands for special and meta-static disease is confined to skin, liver and/or bone marrow) are characterized by spontaneous regression or differentiation even without any form of therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into multiple cell lineages can be exploited as an attractive strategy for cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The ECM provides structural and biochemical support to the cells and has various other functions including cell adhesion, cell to cell communication, and differentiation [ 17 , 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • mice could be achieved by reconstituting CD8+ T cells in deficient hosts suggesting that practical plasticity was still possible after thymic development differentiation and emigration. (siamtech.net)
  • Pancreatic tumor is the 5th leading reason behind cancer-related loss of life in men and women under western culture being in charge of 5% of most cancer-related fatalities.1 Having less reliable early diagnostic strategies and effective therapeutic regimens makes the mortality prices in TSU-68 individuals with pancreatic carcinoma virtually exactly like the incidence prices. (scienceexhibitions.org)
  • Ductal pancreatic carcinoma (DPC) can be the most common pancreatic tumor type accounting TSU-68 for approximately 90% of most pancreatic malignancies. (scienceexhibitions.org)
  • Fetal bovine serum is the supplement most widely used for cell culture, but it has disadvantages and it is not safe for cell therapy due to the risks of pathogen transmission and immune reaction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Activation of the PD-1 Pathway Contributes to Immune Escape in EGFR-Driven Lung Tumors. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Among the immune anti-cancer therapies, PD-1 is undoubtedly the hot target after CTLA-4, but due to the ineffectiveness of PD-1 in treating certain tumors, researchers have shifted their focus to other combination targets, such as LAG-3, TIM3, IDO-1, etc. (techscience.com)
  • This mixture of immune cells was co-cultured with autologous breast cancer cells (BCCs) isolated from 26 BC females. (techscience.com)
  • A potential mode of resistance is immune evasion of T cell immunity involving aberrant major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) antigen presentation (AP). (stanford.edu)
  • In previous research, the authors demonstrated that the methanol extract of A. vulgaris (AVM) has the ability to inhibit the viability of CML cells ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In vitro cell viability, flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, qPCR and immunoblot was used to study the mechanism of action of silvestrol in MDA-MB-435 melanoma cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell viability was determined by luminescent ATP detection , which is primarily based on the production of light due to the reaction of ATP with extra luciferase and D luciferin. (vegfrinhibitors.com)
  • Genes whose protein products stimulate or enhance the division and viability of cells. (cancerquest.org)
  • Results The current research proven the anti-tumor results of KPT-185 in NSCLC cells, including EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC cell lines. (cancerhugs.com)
  • These tumors are particularly noted for extensive heterogeneity in clinical behaviour, ranging from spontaneous regression to aggressive clinical course and death from disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Given the heterogeneity and complex etiology of the GBM and the origin of the tumor cells, it is not surprising that the environment that surrounds the tumors display wide varieties of responses. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • The clinical heterogeneity of neuroblastoma mirrors the biological and genetic heterogeneity of these tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Parkinson's disease genes pink1 and parkin , which encode a mitochondrially targeted protein kinase, and an E3 ubiquitin ligase, respectively, participate in a key mitochondrial quality-control pathway that eliminates damaged mitochondria. (sdbonline.org)
  • Although the evolutionary history of the caveolin genes has not been clearly defined, there are clues within their sequences and genomic organization to suggest possible mechanisms for their origin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, nutlin-3a-induced PARP1 degradation enhanced DNA-damaging effects of cisplatin in BRCA1 knockdown cells. (oncotarget.com)
  • Xenograft tumor growth was slightly inhibited by si-Vav3/atelocollagen complex injection and combined use of si-Vav3/atelocollagen complex and docetaxel produced a greater effect than docetaxel alone. (biomedcentral.com)
  • a mouse L1975 cell xenograft model, growth development was inhibited by dental KPT-276 administration considerably, and there was no significant mouse body pounds reduction or various other aspect results. (cancerhugs.com)
  • In TGF-beta-treated MCF10A mammary epithelial cells overexpressing HER2 and by chromatin immunoprecipitation, we identified novel Smad targets including protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type kappa (PTPRK). (nih.gov)
  • Our discovery of PTPRK as a negative regulator of Wnt receptor turnover provides a rationale for its tumor suppressive function and reveals that in PTPRK-RSPO3 recurrent cancer fusions both fusion partners, in fact, encode ZNRF3 regulators. (elifesciences.org)
  • Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR family-related protein (GITR)-mediated activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was shown to regulate the suppressive activity of naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells (nTregs) in wild-type (WT) hosts. (siamtech.net)
  • Pathogenic transformation of Tregs in addition has been defined in various other experimental versions (25 26 Furthermore both maintenance of suppressive actions in peripheral tissue and the legislation of endogenous creation of IL-6 by nTregs had been been shown to be dependent on the current presence of Compact disc8+ T cells (21). (siamtech.net)
  • Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) following GITRL ligation of GITR was associated with the Mouse monoclonal to LPA loss of suppressive activity (9). (siamtech.net)
  • Further research will assess anti-tumor activity of KPT-185 in a scientific trial for NSCLC sufferers. (cancerhugs.com)
  • Aberrant splicing of the 5' UTR also has been noted in neuroblastoma cell lines and primary tumors, which could potentially cause destabilization of the mRNA sequence [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Neuroblastoma is derived from primitive cells of the sympathetic nervous system, and is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children accounting for 15% of all childhood cancer deaths [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extra-cranial solid tumor of childhood. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We report that cten binds to another tumor suppressor, deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC-1), and the SH2 domain of cten is responsible for the interaction. (rupress.org)
  • However, MSCs need to be expanded in vitro in order to obtain sufficient cells for clinical trials since they are extremely rare in various tissues. (hindawi.com)
  • The chimeric virus can also have a reduced transduction capability with respect to one or more cells or tissues (e.g., liver), which can be desirable in terms of targeting the vector to the target tissue of interest and reducing dosage of vector to be administered. (justia.com)
  • Our data demonstrate that HSV-TK/GCV suicide gene therapy system is effective for treating experimental human pancreatic cancer, which is largely resistant to the common therapies, so the suicide gene therapy system may be a potential treatment approach for pancreatic cancer. (wjgnet.com)
  • In addition, the novel cancer stem cell paradigm raises the prospect of cell-targeted therapies instead of treatment directed against the whole tumour. (nature.com)
  • Subsequent improved understanding of the molecular alterations present in the cancer cell has enabled the development of targeted therapies for some forms of cancer. (nature.com)
  • Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) is a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family and contains two extracellular α subunits (including the ligand-binding site) and two β subunits (with intracellular tyrosine kinase activity) ( 22 , 23 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells, and it has been used as a coating substrate for cell culture. (hindawi.com)
  • Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor delta ( PTPRD ) is an important regulator of axon growth and guidance and is highly expressed in the central nervous system where it functions as a transmembrane homophilic neuronal cell adhesion molecule [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The TMEM127 gene encodes a transmembrane protein of poorly known function that is mutated in pheochromocytomas, neural crest-derived tumors of adrenomedullary cells. (stanford.edu)
  • For instance, while several semaphorins have been reported to reduce tumor growth and angiogenesis, others are found to promote tumor growth or metastasis [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Scientists working in basic, translational, and clinical cancer metabolism research are invited to join the Academy in New York on April 17th to discuss the intersection between cell signaling and metabolism. (nyas.org)
  • Cancer Cell Metabolism: Unique Features Inform New Therapeutic Opportunities. (nyas.org)
  • The relationship between the cancer cells and the CAFs was evaluated in vitro, and the effect of the anti-PD-L1 antibody was evaluated using a syngeneic mouse model. (bvsalud.org)
  • These findings uncover a previously unknown tumor suppressor role for ZNF148, and a transcriptional regulatory circuitry encompassing MYC, ZNF148, and ID1/3 in driving cancer stem cell traits in aggressive breast cancer. (nature.com)
  • Consequently, in order to develop effective targeted therapy, there is a pressing need to identify all molecular regulators that define cancer stem cell traits in TNBC. (nature.com)
  • Despite ZNF148 being an established node of the MYC-network in ES cells, and the significance of MYC in driving cancer stem cells traits, the role of ZNF148 in breast cancer remains elusive. (nature.com)
  • To investigate the in vitro effects of suicide gene therapy system of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene (HSV-TK) in combination with the treatment of nucleotide analog-ganciclovir (GCV) on human pancreatic cancer, and to provide a novel clinical therapeutic method for human pancreatic cancer. (wjgnet.com)
  • These results suggest genotoxic damage may induce a unique cancer-prone phenotype and processes mimicking activated B cell response to antigenic agents, as well as the normal B cell maturation processes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Failure to properly repair this damage can lead to detrimental health effects, such as uncontrolled cell death and cancer formation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As a molecular mechanism, we demonstrate that PTPRD interacts with aurora kinase A (AURKA), an oncogenic protein that is over-expressed in multiple forms of cancer, including neuroblastoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In cells from mice with late-stage cancer, FAK was active and present at high levels. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • The applica tion of new genetic tools also led to the discovery of an important familial neuroblastoma cancer gene, ALK , which is mutated in approximately 8% of sporadic tumors, and genome-wide association studies have unveiled loci with risk alleles for neuroblastoma development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cancer Gene Therapy. (sussex.ac.uk)
  • Therefore, the reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages from M2 to M1 type is a potential strategy for cancer therapy. (techscience.com)
  • Internalization from the cell membrane and endosomal trafficking of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) are important regulators of signaling in normal cells that can frequently be disrupted in cancer. (stanford.edu)
  • In contrast to normal cells, most cancer cells predominantly produce energy by a high rate of glycolysis followed by lactate fermentation, even in the presence of oxygen, a less efficient metabolism compared to a low rate of glycolysis followed by mitochondrial oxidation of pyruvate [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Metabolic adaptations of cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Glucose and glutamine are the 2 major substrates used by cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Here, we investigated the effects of nutlin-3a on PARP1 in MCF-7, a human breast cancer cell line. (oncotarget.com)
  • The larger the gene name, the more frequently that gene is defective in that cancer type. (cancerquest.org)
  • These genes have been found to be either malfunctioning or non-functioning in many different kinds of cancer. (cancerquest.org)
  • Changes in these and other oncogenes can disrupt cell growth control, ultimately leading to the uncontrolled growth of cancer. (medscape.com)
  • H- ras was one of the oncogenes that first caught the attention of molecular biologists interested in cell signaling, cell growth control, and cancer. (medscape.com)
  • Multi-omics biomarkers of response to the discovered drugs were identified using human breast cancer cell lines. (cdc.gov)
  • The first group includes pharmacological and physiological factors such as drug metabolism and excretion, inadequate access of the drug to the tumour, inadequate infusion rate and inadequate route of delivery. (nature.com)
  • For example, a major regulator of metabolism is phosphoinositol 3 kinase (PI3K). (hindawi.com)
  • Ectopic up-regulation of PTPRD in neuroblastoma dephosphorylates tyrosine residues in AURKA resulting in a destabilization of this protein culminating in interfering with one of AURKA's primary functions in neuroblastoma, the stabilization of MYCN protein, the gene of which is amplified in approximately 25 to 30% of high risk neuroblastoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • FAK is best known for co-localization with integrins at cell adhesion sites to facilitate cell migration, mechano-sensing, and cell survival signaling (Fig. 1). (schlaepferlab.org)
  • The tensin family member cten (C-terminal tensin like) is an Src homology 2 (SH2) and phosphotyrosine binding domain-containing focal adhesion molecule that may function as a tumor suppressor. (rupress.org)
  • In addition, overexpression of miR‑497 was observed to inhibit colony formation and tumor growth in MHCC‑97H human HCC cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In response to hypoxia, tumors activate a general adaptive response allowing their growth under unfavourable conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, b-catenin did not promote FAK-null tumor growth in mice. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • In ECs, growth factors such as VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) can facilitate FAK activation and recruitment to cell-cell junctions in the control of vascular permeability and tumor spread. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • Therefore, it is prudent to advance the search for effective molecules that could target NSCLC cell growth and metastasis to reduce the plight of NSCLC. (bjbms.org)
  • The effects of si-Vav3/atelocollagen complex alone or in combination with docetaxel were assessed on xenografts in nude mice by tumor growth delay. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cellular senescence refers to active cells that eventually enter a state of irreversible growth arrest. (hindawi.com)
  • When this process does not occur properly, unregulated cell growth may be the end result. (cancerquest.org)
  • This first category also includes genes that contribute to tumor growth by inhibiting cell death. (cancerquest.org)
  • This receptor is found in moderate levels on some normal cells and as the gene's name implies, it is involved in cellular responses to growth factors. (cancerquest.org)
  • As shown below, binding of the growth factor can lead to cell division. (cancerquest.org)
  • RESULTS: Our work revealed dramatic duplications and deletions in all cell lines. (duke.edu)
  • Despite the differences in their normal roles, these genes all contribute to unregulated cell division if they are present in a mutant (oncogenic) form. (cancerquest.org)
  • Histologically, around 85% of individuals with lung malignancies are non-small cell lung malignancies (NSCLC) [2], most of which are diagnosed at an advanced phases of the disease and ineligible for healing medical procedures. (cancerhugs.com)
  • Previously the essential part of GITR in the conversion of naturally happening CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells to pathogenic CD4+ T effector cells was implicated from the abrogation of enhancement of lung sensitive response following administration of anti-GITRL antibody (5). (siamtech.net)
  • We further demonstrate that PTPRD has a tumor suppressor function in neuroblastoma through dephosphorylating and destabilizing AURKA, leading to a downstream decrease of MYCN protein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CONCLUSION: Our study illustrates how genome structure changes may contribute to selection of cell lines in vitro. (duke.edu)
  • In vitro experimental analyses demonstrated that sorafenib indirectly inhibited HDAC activity in both sorafenib-sensitive and -resistant HCC cells. (oncotarget.com)
  • Oral squamous cell carcinoma in the most common intraoral site, lateral tongue, initially reported as a chronic leukoplakia, which had become ulcerated and indurated at the time diagnosis was confirmed. (medscape.com)