Type cho cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Chinese hamster ovary and murine myeloma NS0 cells are currently favored host cell types for the production of therapeutic recombinant proteins. (kent.ac.uk)
Although bacterial, yeast, and insect cell expressions systems are capable of overexpressing recombinant proteins, mammalian cells are most commonly used for biologics production due to their ability to propagate human viruses, express monoclonal antibodies, and incorporate post-translational modifications such as glycosylation that are critical to the production of effective biologics. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Maintaining high gene expression level during long-term culture is critical when producing therapeutic recombinant proteins using mammalian cells. (a-star.edu.sg)
Timely results for microbial bioburden monitoring of in-process cell culture samples are critical to the production process for recombinant proteins and other biopharmaceutical products. (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)

We previously demonstrated that increased monoclonal antibody productivity in dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)-amplified CHO cells correlates with phosphorylated transcription factor-cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter interactions. (bournemouth.ac.uk)
CHO-K1 was mutagenized in the 1970s with ethyl methanesulfonate to generate a cell line lacking dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) activity, referred to as CHO-DXB11 (also referred to as CHO-DUKX). (wikipedia.org)

We applied this methodology to a dynamic model of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell metabolism (Nolan, 2011). (tufts.edu)
This thesis focused on characterizing the central carbon metabolism of different recombinant CHO cells to identify novel molecular mechanisms by increasing the metabolic load overexpressing human erythropoietin (EPO). (manchester.ac.uk)
Review the mitochondrial assay guide , or the full metabolism assay guide to learn about more assays for metabolites, metabolic enzymes, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress, and also how to assay metabolic function in live cells using your plate reader. (abcam.com)
These data suggest that manipulation of nucleotide-sugar metabolism can promote changes in N-glycan processing that are either conserved between NS0 and CHO cells or specific to either NS0 cells or CHO cells. (kent.ac.uk)

Metabolic profiling of recombinant CHO cells to identify potential targets for cell line engineering. (manchester.ac.uk)
The test chemical did not induce chromosome aberrations in the mammalian cell line in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence it is not mutagenic in the chromosome aberration study performed. (europa.eu)
Test chemical did not induce mutation in mammalian cell line in the presence and absence of metabolic activation and hence it is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro. (europa.eu)
The metabolic dye MTS was added to the remaining media for analysis of viable cell numbers and absorbance was measured from each of the six replicate wells to determine growth. (genengnews.com)
E6 and Metabolic syndrome and risks of colon and rectal renal cell carcinoma. (who.int)

Subsequently in 1983, CHO cells were mutagenized with gamma radiation to yield a cell line in which both alleles of the DHFR locus were completely eliminated, termed CHO-DG44. (wikipedia.org)
1983. J. Cell Biol. (rupress.org)
Rota PA, Wallis TR, Harmon MW, Rota JS, Kendal AP, Nerome K. Cocirculation of two distinct evolutionary lineages of influenza type B virus since 1983. (cdc.gov)

In this article, we extend the characterization to include CMV promoter methylation and its influence on NFκB and CREB1 transcription factor binding to the CMV promoter in two families of DHFR-amplified CHO cell lines. (bournemouth.ac.uk)
Cell lines with mutated DHFR are useful for genetic manipulation as cells transfected with a gene of interest along with a functional copy of the DHFR gene can easily be screened for in thymidine-lacking media. (wikipedia.org)
Due to this, CHO cells lacking DHFR are the most widely used CHO cells for industrial protein production. (wikipedia.org)
This sort of system requires no special mutation, so that non-DHFR-deficient host cell culture have been found to produce excellent levels of proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Much of the genetic manipulation done in CHO cells is done in cells lacking DHFR enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, two DG44 cell lines containing inducible (pcDNA4/TO) or constitutive (pCDNA3.1) vectors (DG44-I and DG44-C cells respectively) with EPO and DHFR genes were generated. (manchester.ac.uk)

Aggregation assays showed that ouabain increased the adhesion between CHO beta1 cells. (umassmed.edu)
Immunofluorescence and biotinylation assays showed that ouabain (50 nM) increases the expression of the beta1 subunit of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase at the cell membrane. (umassmed.edu)
The transfected parental and mutant cell lines were found to express ∼1 pmol/mg D 1 receptor binding activity ( B max ) as determined using [ 3 H]SCH-23390 binding assays. (aspetjournals.org)
BioGenes offers the complete development of Host Cell Protein (HCP) Assays including production of antibodies, ELISA development as well as validation and production of ELISA ready-to-use-kits. (hum-molgen.org)
Owing to the time required for results using traditional bioburden monitoring assays, the cell culture process must continue at risk until the results are available. (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)

All CHO cell lines are deficient in proline synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
To investigate the role of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) in the desensitization and down-regulation of the D 1 dopamine receptor, we stably expressed the rat cDNA for this receptor in mutant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines deficient in PKA activity. (aspetjournals.org)
Robbins and co-workers have obtained Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell mutants that are pleiotropically defective in endocytosis and deficient in ATP-dependent acidification of endosomes isolated by density centrifugation (Robbins, A. R., S. S. Peng, and J. L. Marshall. (rupress.org)

CHO cells have played a significant role in the production of recombinant protein therapeutics since, with CHO cells producing 70% of biologics and monoclonal antibodies in 2016. (wikipedia.org)

We used CHO fibroblasts stably expressing the beta1 subunit of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase (CHO beta1), and studied the effect of ouabain on cell adhesion. (umassmed.edu)
Recent studies revealed that nano-sized TiO2 can cause inflammatory response in airways of rats and mice, fibrosis or lung tumors in rats and DNA damage in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts and human lymphoblastoid cells. (cdc.gov)

Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell lines are preferred host cells for therapeutic protein production. (nih.gov)
Since then, CHO cells have been a cell line of choice because of their rapid growth in suspension culture and high protein production. (wikipedia.org)
Because cell lines are unique and require different nutrients to thrive, culture biomass and protein production are largely dependent on the culture media used. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The RECON of the secretory pathway represents a strong tool for interpretation of data related to protein secretion as illustrated with transcriptomic data of Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells, the main platform for mammalian protein production. (biomedcentral.com)

Similar augmentation of cAMP accumulation after pertussis toxin treatment was observed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with, and stably expressing, the CB1 receptor. (jneurosci.org)

Also, CHO cells do not express the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which makes them ideal in the investigation of various EGFR mutations. (wikipedia.org)
Treatment of the pertussis toxin-treated cells with cholera toxin before CB1 receptor activation amplified the stimulatory pathway, suggesting that this response was mediated through a G s -type G-protein. (jneurosci.org)
Stimulation of cAMP accumulation was not observed after pertussis toxin treatment of CHO cells expressing the human CB2 receptor, suggesting that this novel signaling pathway is unique to the cannabinoid CB1 receptor. (jneurosci.org)
AAA peroxins are involved in the export from peroxisomes of Pex5p, the PTS1 (peroxisome-targeting signal type 1) receptor. (tcdb.org)
Similarly, treatment of the cells with the membrane-permeable cAMP analog 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP induced functional desensitization and down-regulation of the D 1 receptor, although it was not as great as that observed with agonist pretreatment. (aspetjournals.org)
Our results suggest that PKA significantly contributes to the desensitization and down-regulation of D 1 receptors in CHO cells and that type II PKA may be the more relevant isoform with respect to regulating D 1 receptor function. (aspetjournals.org)
To provide high-density cell cultures with sufficient iron, elevated concentrations of iron salts are required that utilize low-affinity nontransferrin receptor pathways. (genengnews.com)
Iron-bound transferrin has an increased affinity for the transferrin receptor, which is then transported into the cell via receptor-mediated endocytosis. (genengnews.com)
Supplied as a human holo-transferrin analog, rTransferrin binds specifically to the transferrin receptor thereby facilitating the bioavailability of iron to the cell. (genengnews.com)
This viral capsid mediates the ability of AAV vectors to overcome many of the biological barriers of viral transduction-including cell surface receptor binding, endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, and unpackaging in the nucleus. (justia.com)
We describe two cases of early toxic shock syndrome, caused by the superantigen produced from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and diagnosed on the basis of an expansion of T-cell-receptor Vβ2-positive T cells. (cdc.gov)
S. aureus produces several superantigenic exotoxins, including TSS toxin-1 (TSST-1), which activate a vast number of T cells in a T-cell-receptor Vβ-selective manner ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
TSS in neonates, referred to as neonatal TSS-like exanthematous disease, has been shown by flow cytometric analysis to involve an expansion of T-cell-receptor Vβ2-positive T cells ( 4 , 5 ). (cdc.gov)
We report two cases of TSS with puerperal infection that could be diagnosed at the early stage of the clinical course by detecting a marked expansion of T-cell-receptor Vβ2-positive T cells, as measured by flow cytometric analysis. (cdc.gov)
Results of T-cell-receptor Vβ2 positive T cells in two women with Toxic Shock Syndrome. (cdc.gov)

Concerns about the safety of whole-cell pertussis vaccines prompted development of acellular vaccines that are less likely to provoke adverse events because they contain purified antigenic components of Bordetella pertussis. (cdc.gov)
Two diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccines -- ACEL-IMUNE{Registered} * and Tripedia{Registered} ** -- have been licensed for several years, but (until recently) only for administration of the fourth and fifth doses in the series to children aged 15 months-6 years who previously had received three or more doses of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and whole-cell pertussis (DTP) vaccine. (cdc.gov)
Published reports indicate that, when administered to infants aged 2, 4, and 6 months, acellular pertussis vaccines are effective in preventing pertussis disease and associated with fewer local, systemic, and certain more serious adverse events than whole-cell pertussis vaccines. (cdc.gov)
Tripedia{Registered}, ACEL-IMUNE{Registered}, and Infanrix TM are now recommended for routine vaccination of infants and young children, although whole-cell pertussis vaccines remain acceptable alternatives. (cdc.gov)
Tripedia{Registered}, ACEL-IMUNE{Registered}, and Infanrix TM are recommended for all remaining doses in the schedule for children who have started the vaccination series with one, two, three, or four doses of whole-cell pertussis vaccines. (cdc.gov)
In September 1996, FDA licensed the use of TriHIBit TM (ActHIB{Registered} reconstituted with Tripedia{Registered}) **** for the fourth dose in the series of vaccinations against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and Haemophilus influenzae type b disease. (cdc.gov)
Four diphtheria and tetanus toxoids combined with whole-cell pertussis (DTP) vaccines are presently licensed for use in the United States. (cdc.gov)
Vaccines of this type, prepared from suspensions of inactivated Bordetella pertussis bacterial cells, have been licensed for routine vaccination of infants since the mid-1940s. (cdc.gov)
Based on controlled efficacy trials conducted in the 1940s and on subsequent observational efficacy studies, a primary series comprising four doses of whole-cell DTP vaccine is considered 70%-90% effective in preventing serious pertussis disease (1-4). (cdc.gov)
Experts disagree on whether whole-cell pertussis vaccine causes lasting brain damage, but agree that if the vaccine causes such damage it does so only rarely (7). (cdc.gov)
From the late 1940s through the 1990s, vaccination against pertussis, diphtheria, and tetanus with a combined diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and whole-cell pertussis (DTP) vaccine was recommended for infants and young children. (cdc.gov)
Because of safety concerns about the whole-cell pertussis component of DTP, diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccines were developed and subsequently replaced doses of DTP in the 1990s. (cdc.gov)

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) is a renal cortical tumor typically characterized by malignant epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm and a compact-alveolar (nested) or acinar growth pattern interspersed with intricate, arborizing vasculature. (medscape.com)
Adhesion is a crucial characteristic of epithelial cells to form barriers to pathogens and toxic substances from the environment. (umassmed.edu)
Epithelial cells attach to each other using intercellular junctions on the lateral membrane, including tight and adherent junctions, as well as the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase. (umassmed.edu)
Our group has shown that non-adherent chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with the canine beta1 subunit become adhesive, and those homotypic interactions amongst beta1 subunits of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase occur between neighboring epithelial cells. (umassmed.edu)
Ouabain, a cardiotonic steroid, binds to the alpha subunit of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, inhibits the pump activity and induces the detachment of epithelial cells when used at concentrations above 300 nM. (umassmed.edu)
At nanomolar non-inhibiting concentrations, ouabain affects the adhesive properties of epithelial cells by inducing the expression of cell adhesion molecules through the activation of signaling pathways associated with the alpha subunit. (umassmed.edu)
Fate of airway epithelial cells exposed to titanium dioxide nanoparticle s: NGF regulated apoptotic death. (cdc.gov)
The primary human airway bronchial epithelial cells exposed to nanoparticle s elicit high levels of neurotrophins, which has a significant role in modulating the cell cycle, cell proliferations and inflammatory responses. (cdc.gov)
To evaluate the mechanism of TiO2 mediated toxicity, the bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to TiO2 (10 microg/mL) and the apoptosis and necrosis were measured. (cdc.gov)

More recently, other selection systems have become popular and with vector systems that can more efficiently target active chromatin in CHO cells, antibiotic selection (puromycin) can be used as well to generate recombinant cells expressing proteins at high level. (wikipedia.org)

The complex genetics of CHO cells and the issues concerning clonal derivation of cell population was extensively discussed. (wikipedia.org)

The Starter Pack is a bundle of Assay Complete reagents needed for culturing the specified cell line. (discoverx.com)
Starter Packs are a convenient, pre-packaged collection of Assay Complete reagents, including the relevant cell culture kit, cell plating reagent, freezing reagent, thawing reagent, and cell detachment reagent for the culture of the 93-0196C2 cell line. (discoverx.com)
The REPROCELL Brand covers media, feeder cells, and ancillary reagents for the feeder-dependent culture of iPSCs. (reprocell.com)

We cloned the Tribolium inotocin preprohormone and the inotocin GPCR and expressed the GPCR in CHO cells. (lu.se)

In both cell line families, increased methylation was observed upon amplification. (bournemouth.ac.uk)
In the other cell line family, lower methylation frequency at the NFκB consensus binding site was accompanied by more NFκB recruitment to the promoter region. (bournemouth.ac.uk)
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are an epithelial cell line derived from the ovary of the Chinese hamster, often used in biological and medical research and commercially in the production of recombinant therapeutic proteins. (wikipedia.org)
In 1957, Theodore T. Puck obtained a female Chinese hamster from Dr. George Yerganian's laboratory at the Boston Cancer Research Foundation and used it to derive the original Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line. (wikipedia.org)
Since the original CHO cell line was described in 1956, many variants of the cell line have been developed for various purposes. (wikipedia.org)
Metabolomics data obtained through gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GS-MS) of a tetracycline (tet) inducible CHO T-RExTM cell line capable of expressing 0.09 pg/ul/cell EPO, revealed that 0.1% v/v tet addition does not affect consumption of carbon sources such as glucose, and pyruvate, but concentration of waste products, such as glycerol, threitol, alanine and phenyllactic acid increases towards the end of each batch culture. (manchester.ac.uk)
Cell line-specific, CHO DNA calibrators are included in the kit. (cygnustechnologies.com)
We confirmed that all recombinant glycoproteins from CHO cell line studied were lacking certain human type glycanes, which are not always identifiable by mass spectrometry. (wada-ama.org)
The 10260 mutant CHO cell line has been characterized as expressing less than 10% of type I and type II PKA activities relative to the parental 10001 CHO cell line. (aspetjournals.org)
The 10248 mutant CHO line lacks type II PKA activity and expresses a defective type I PKA. (aspetjournals.org)
90% down-regulation of D 1 receptors in the parental cell line but only a 50 and 30% decrease in the 10260 and 10248 cells, respectively. (aspetjournals.org)
As with the agonist pretreatments, the 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-induced responses were attenuated in the mutant cells with the 10248 line exhibiting the least desensitization/down-regulation. (aspetjournals.org)
Mouse myeloma cell line, Sp2/0 expressing anti TGFb-3, was cultured in DMEM/F12 (SAFC Biosciences), and 2 mM Glutamax™, ITS, 0.5% Probumin. (genengnews.com)

Here, we demonstrate that intragenic CpG frequency and distribution impacts transgene and genomic gene expression levels in mammalian cells. (nih.gov)
Toward stable gene expression in CHO cells Mariati , Esther YC Koh , Jessna HM Yeo , Steven CL Ho , Yuansheng Yang Bioengineered Vol. 5, Iss. (a-star.edu.sg)

By employing our mouse RECON to the CHO-K1 genome in a comparative genomic approach, we could reconstruct the protein secretory pathway of CHO cells counting 764 CHO components. (biomedcentral.com)

Typical gross presentation of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (lower left) with golden color due to intracellular lipid accumulation. (medscape.com)
See Renal Cell Carcinoma: Recognition and Follow-up , a Critical Images slideshow, to help evaluate renal masses and determine when and what type of follow-up is necessary. (medscape.com)
Go to Renal Cell Carcinoma and Sarcomatoid and Rhabdoid Renal Cell Carcinoma for more complete information on these topics. (medscape.com)
The incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been rising steadily in Europe and the United States for the past 3 decades, with a particular rise in the proportion of small, asymptomatic tumors detected incidentally via abdominal imaging. (medscape.com)
Smoking, obesity, and hypertension are the 3 most well-established risk factors associated with development of sporadic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). (medscape.com)
The renal tumors are frequently multifocal and/or bilateral and are always of the clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) histologic type. (medscape.com)

These processes include transient transfection, and the creation of stable pools and clonal cell lines. (lonza.com)
Transient and stable pool processes are generally used for discovery through early-stage development to enable rapid production and screening of large numbers of protein candidates, while stable clonal cell lines are used for GMP clinical and commercial manufacturing. (lonza.com)
Distinct promoter methylation patterns arise upon clonal selection in different families of cell lines. (bournemouth.ac.uk)

Most, if not all industrially used CHO cell lines are now cultivated in animal component free media or in chemically defined media, and are used in large scale bioreactors under suspension culture. (wikipedia.org)
This genetic selection scheme remains one of the standard methods to establish transfected CHO cell lines for the production of recombinant therapeutic proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Glycerol, citrate and isotritate significantly increased in all the cell lines assessed upon EPO expression. (manchester.ac.uk)
In addition, elevated UDP-N-acetylhexosamine content was associated with a slight decrease in sialylation in both cell lines. (kent.ac.uk)
Several mammalian cell lines, including CHO, lymphoma (NS0, SP2/0) and human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells, have been developed and used to produce therapeutic proteins and antibodies at high levels. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Glycoproteins from human show a strong lectin-glycan interaction with certain lectins whereas those expressed in CHO-cell lines do not show any interaction with the selected lectins. (wada-ama.org)
All three cell lines demonstrated similar levels of dopamine-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity. (aspetjournals.org)
Pretreatment of all three CHO cells with dopamine resulted in desensitization of the adenylyl cyclase response, although the maximum desensitization was attenuated by 20 and 40% in the 10260 and 10248 cell lines, respectively. (aspetjournals.org)
It is a recombinant analog of human transferrin that has shown equivalence to serum-derived human transferrin (hTf) and superiority to bovine transferrin (bTf) in stimulating cell growth and productivity for a number of cell lines. (genengnews.com)
Furthermore BioGenes developed and offers new generic HCP ELISA Kits (4 types) for detection of Host Cell Proteins from CHO and E.coli cell lines. (hum-molgen.org)
The average endosomal pH after 5 min was 6.7 in both mutant cell lines. (rupress.org)

In order to trigger gene amplification of both genes, DG44-I and DG44-C cells were incubated and sub cultured in the presence of 250 nM MTX for 35 days, leading to EPO titers of 0.123 and 0.15 pg/ul/cell respectively without affecting maximum viable cell density (VCD). (manchester.ac.uk)
To further validate the results pathway study was performed to identify the involvement of the coding genes in type II diabetes. (researchgate.net)

Chinese hamsters had been used in research since 1919, where they were used in place of mice for typing pneumococci. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, Chinese hamster ovary cells are able to produce proteins with complex glycosylations, post-translational modifications (PTMs) similar to those produced in humans. (wikipedia.org)
Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells are the leading mammalian cell platform for manufacturing therapeutic proteins due to their ability for producing human-like products. (manchester.ac.uk)
In this study, nine commercially available, chemically defined media and feed combinations from different vendors were assessed for producing monoclonal antibody in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
To this end, ASIC1a current amplitudes and charge transport in transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells, and ASIC-mediated action potential signaling in cultured cortical neurons were measured in response to defined pH ramps of 1-40 s duration from pH 7.4 to pH 6.6 or 6.0. (frontiersin.org)
1995 K2 CSR) that measures the potential in vitro genotoxicity of LAS Na to cause mutations in mammalian cells shows that LAS Na was not mutagenic to Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells both in the presence and absence of S9. (europa.eu)
Kinetics of endosome acidification in mutant and wild-type Chinese hamster ovary cells. (rupress.org)
In the application described herein, the ScanRDI™ assay is intended to detect a low-level bacterial contamination in a background of millions of Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)

In mammalian cell culture, EZSPHERE is used to generate massive numbers of 3D spheroid cell aggregates such as embryoid bodies. (reprocell.com)

Glycerol shock may increase the uptake of DNA in some cell types. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Displays no activity at GlyT1 or 56 other common biological targets (≥ 100 μ M), in a glycine uptake assay in CHO cells. (tocris.com)

Approximately 10e8 cells from a 16-hour culture of each indicator strain are added to separate test tubes containing 2.0 ml of molten overlay agar supplemented with biotin and a trace of histidine. (europa.eu)
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. (yeastgenome.org)

We also examined the effect of ouabain on the activation of signaling pathways in CHO beta1 cells, and their subsequent effect on cell adhesion. (umassmed.edu)
Proteins targeted to the peroxisome (in plants called glyoxisomes) are synthesized in the cytoplasm of the cell and are targeted to the peroxisome post-translationally, possibly via multiple pathways. (tcdb.org)
Stemolecule Small Molecules provide small molecules used a in variety of experiments to inhibit or activate regulatory pathways important for stem cell biology. (reprocell.com)

Cultured cells are used for the manufacturing of biologics such as vaccines, therapeutic proteins and antibodies, and cell therapy products. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Culture medium optimization is another critical component in the development of cell culture processes for the manufacturing of biologics. (sigmaaldrich.com)

The results suggest that the delta F508 mutation causes the accumulation of a form of the protein that resembles an intermediate in the biogenesis of the wild type CFTR, rather than induces the production of non-native variant. (nih.gov)

A DNA−calcium phosphate co-precipitate forms, which adheres to the cell surface and is taken up by the cell, presumably by endocytosis. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The properties of the mutant cells suggest that proper functioning of pH regulatory mechanisms in early endocytic compartments is critical for many pH-mediated processes of endocytosis. (rupress.org)

CD195 mediates an intracellular signal thought to induce cell differentiation and proliferation. (biolegend.com)
Bioreactors provide controlled microenvironments and nutrient delivery to regulate cell growth and differentiation, improving standardization and reproducibility. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The bioreactor vessels are designed with delta-shaped impellers and a conical shaft, offering ideal spheroid forming culture conditions for iPS cell cultivation and subsequent differentiation in the same flask. (reprocell.com)

In activation tests, a minimum of four different concentrations of the test chemical are added to the appropriate tubes with cells. (europa.eu)
To examine the effect of rTransferrin on CHO cell growth and productivity, two concentrations (1 and 5 µg/mL) of the supplement were tested. (genengnews.com)

The cytotoxicity observed on TiO2 treatment was differed with cell type of the airway niche and particle size. (cdc.gov)

Culture cells in standard serum-containing or serum-free medium appropriate for the cell type. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Serum-free media gives more consistent cell growth and helps eliminate possible errors by minimizing the percentage of uneven growth among cell cultures. (medgadget.com)
Consistency in cell culture coupled with superior cell growth with increased productivity makes it easier to use serum-free media for cell culture growth in biopharmaceutical production, research, and development. (medgadget.com)
Downstream processes are often regarded as a bottleneck of the biopharmaceutical industry, but it is increasing the usage of serum-free media for cell culture growth. (medgadget.com)
The CHO cell media segment under media type is expected to hold more than twenty percent of revenue share in the serum-free media market. (medgadget.com)
Serum-free media is significantly used in drug development and cell culture, which is anticipated to drive demand over the coming years. (medgadget.com)
"Rise in biopharmaceutical industries and demand for cell therapies for cancer treatment will boost the global serum-free media market," says a PMR analyst. (medgadget.com)
Traditionally, transferrin has been supplied in the form of serum-derived human transferrin (hTf), bovine transferrin (bTf), or, more recently, with the move toward serum-free medium (SFM), inorganic iron salts have been used to supply iron to mammalian cells. (genengnews.com)
Cells were then washed in 10 mL Dulbecco's PBS, spun and resuspended in serum-free, growth factor-free medium. (genengnews.com)

An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g. (yeastgenome.org)

In this study, we compared N-glycan processing in GS-NS0 and GS-CHO cells producing the same model recombinant glycoprotein, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1. (kent.ac.uk)
Prior to assay set-up, CHO cells were grown to between 70-90% confluence in T75 tissue culture flasks in 10-20 mL sterile culture media, and spun and detached using trypsin. (genengnews.com)
The large proteoglycan molecules made up of protein cores, and GAG branches are secreted by cells and constitute a significant fraction of the extracellular matrix of connective tissue. (medscape.com)
The enzyme deficiencies lead to the accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in the lysosomes of the cells in the connective tissue and to an increase in their excretion in the urine. (medscape.com)
16q24.3 (Morquio syndrome): The deficiency of enzymes in Morquio syndrome type A or type B leads to the accumulation of keratan sulfate and chondroitin-6-sulfate in the connective tissue, the skeletal system, and the teeth. (medscape.com)

Evaluation of site-specific methylation of the CMV promoter and its role in CHO cell productivity of a recombinant monoclonal antibody. (bournemouth.ac.uk)
5 µg/mL) displayed similar growth and productivity effects in CHO and Sp2/0 cells to iron supplements in common use within the industry, rTransferrin was compared with serum-derived hTf or bTf (each at 5 µg/mL) and three different inorganic iron salts. (genengnews.com)

CHO cells are the most commonly used mammalian hosts for industrial production of recombinant protein therapeutics. (wikipedia.org)
Traditional methods have relied on the production of viral agents in cells cultured in medium supplemented with serum, most commonly fetal bovine serum (FBS). (sigmaaldrich.com)
Calcium phosphate transfection is a commonly used method for the introduction of DNA into eukaryotic cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Human recombinant growth factors that are commonly used in stem cell culture. (reprocell.com)

In 1957, CHO-K1 was generated from a single clone of CHO cells. (wikipedia.org)

An increase in iron concentration can have a toxic effect on the cell due to the accumulation of unbound ferric or ferrous ions. (genengnews.com)

We have demonstrated the use of these methods to identify potential new and known targets for engineering improved growth and IgG production, as well as the general observation that CHO cells seem to have less strict transcriptional regulation of protein secretion than healthy mouse cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Org 25543 hydrochloride is a potent and selective glycine transporter type 2 (GlyT2) inhibitor (IC 50 = 16 nM for hGlyT2). (tocris.com)

The ability of cell culture systems to produce large quantities of attenuated viral particles has served as the basis for the production of both human and veterinary vaccines. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Our first year results represented that recombinant and human glycoprotein hormone can be isolated by stereo specific lectin-glycane interactions, and the recombinant fraction does not show any human type glycane specific lectin interactions. (wada-ama.org)
E7 from human papil omavirus type 16 cooperate to cancer: the European prospective investigation into doi:10.1093/carcin/bgp321 PMID:20047954 target the PDZ protein Na/H exchange regulatory cancer and nutrition study. (who.int)
Previous ing the period 2008-11 from major different fields of 100 cells for each studies have demonstrated the pres- hospitals and private laboratories in sample and the average percentage ence of high-risk human papillomavi- the mid-Euphrates governorates of of positive cells within the 10 fields rus (HPV) genotypes 16, 18 and 33 in Iraq including Babylon, Kerrbla, Al- was determined. (who.int)

The detection and enumeration of microorganisms is achieved by the system through a sequential series of computerised algorithms, which discriminate between fluorescent signal generated by bacterial cells and nonspecific fluorescence generated by debris or other material on the filter membrane. (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)

Also, CHO cells are tolerant to variations in parameters, be it oxygen levels, pH-value, temperature or cell density. (wikipedia.org)
When culture volume and cell density are optimal, the culture is then transferred to a production bioreactor. (sigmaaldrich.com)
A measure of the energy storage capacity per weight of hydrogen fuel cells, known as the "gravimetric energy density," is roughly three times that of gasoline. (lbl.gov)

StemRNA is REPROCELL's brand for our RNA reprogramming kits and catalog cells created from the StemRNA Reprogramming Technology. (reprocell.com)

The procedure stated below is designed for the transfection of CHO cells with 1 µg/µL pSV40-CAT plasmid (diluted in sterile molecular biology grade water). (sigmaaldrich.com)

This technique has been used to obtain both transient 1 and stable 2 transfections in a wide variety of cell types. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Advances in gene editing such as CRISPR-Cas systems further enhance production efficiency and improve product quality through modification of host cell genomes to manipulate cell growth and apoptosis, and to promote post-translational modification of the gene product. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Bioreactors are large scale culture devices used in upstream processes and production that play a key role in expanding and scaling cell culture for production. (sigmaaldrich.com)

The elucidation of the cell biology of the secretory machinery is of great importance, as it drives protein expression for biopharmaceutical industry, a 140 billion USD global market. (biomedcentral.com)
A particularly useful tool is a network reconstruction - a compilation of a list of the known components in a specific area of cell biology and the interaction of said components. (biomedcentral.com)

Clear cell fibrous papule with NKI/C3 expression: clinical and histologic features in six cases. (medscape.com)

The typical seed train cell expansion process involves thawing cryopreserved cells followed by successive expansions into larger culture vessels including flasks, spinners, and stirred bioreactors. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Tumors in which eosinophilic cells predominate were previously classified as "granular cell" carcinoma but are currently included among CCRCCs in the 2004 World Health Organization classification of renal tumors based on the presence of vasculature and genetic alterations typical of CCRCC. (medscape.com)
[ 10 ] Some tumors previously diagnosed as CCRCC in younger patients may in fact represent the Xp11 translocation tumor type, which has recently been analyzed. (medscape.com)
Chronic exposure of rats resulted in increased thyroid follicular cell tumors from sustained perturbation of thyroid hormone homeostasis. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy4

Organisms2

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs15

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment4

Phenomena and Processes13

Information Science4

Recombinant Proteins4

Dihydrofolate reductase2

Metabolism4

Metabolic5

19833

DHFR6

Assays5

Deficient3

20161

Fibroblasts2

Protein production4

Stably1

Receptor15

Pertussis12

Epithelial cells9

Chromatin1

Genetics1

Reagents3

GPCR1

Line13

Gene expression2

Genome1

Renal cell carc6

Clonal3

Lines11

Genes2

Chinese8

Mammalian cell culture1

Uptake2

Strain2

Pathways3

Biologics2

Mutation1

Endocytosis2

Differentiation3

Concentrations2

CYTOTOXICITY1

Serum-free9

Assay type1

Tissue5

Productivity2

Commonly4

Clone1

Accumulation1

Transcriptional1

Glycine1

Human4

Detection1

Density3

Catalog1

Molecular1

Stable1

Production2

Biology2

Histologic1

Bioreactors1

Tumors3