Tumor suppressor protein p53. Medical search. Frequent questions

p53 is one of the most important tumor suppressor genes, and more than half of cancer patients carry mutations in the p53 gene. (medicaltrend.org)
What is interesting is that although these mice showed activation of p53 (for example, the up-regulation of p53 target genes was observed in different tissues), the content of p53 protein did not increase significantly. (medicaltrend.org)
Global CpG island hypermethylation, which induces epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes, is also a unique feature of EBVaGC and is considered to be crucial for its carcinogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
p53 is up-regulated in response to stress signals and stimulated to activate transcription of specific genes, resulting in expression of p21waf1 and other proteins involved in G1 or G2/M arrest. (thermofisher.com)
The list of such genes includes BRCA1 , BRCA2 , p53 , ATM , CHK2 , and many genes directly involved in the repair of damaged DNA. (the-scientist.com)
In other situations the response is cell cycle arrest or programmed cell death (apoptosis), providing a barrier to further tumour development that the tumour may ultimately circumvent through the acquisition of a mutation in one of the genes within the stress-response pathway. (southampton.ac.uk)
Fosfoproteína nuclear codificada por el gen p53 (GENES P53) cuya función normal es controlar la PROLIFERACIÓN CELULAR y la APOPTOSIS. (bvsalud.org)
Nuclear phosphoprotein encoded by the p53 gene (GENES, P53) whose normal function is to control CELL PROLIFERATION and APOPTOSIS. (bvsalud.org)
Six proto-oncogenes (K-ras, c-myc, c-fos, c-jun, c-sis, and erbB), as well as the p53 tumor suppressor, were investigated for gene amplification using differential polymerase chain reaction (PCR), while the expression of the proteins produced by these genes was evaluated by Western blot analysis. (cdc.gov)

p53 can activate a variety of signaling pathways to inhibit tumors, such as cell cycle arrest, cell senescence, apoptosis or iron death. (medicaltrend.org)
These results suggest that elephants may have evolved to resist cancer by triggering apoptosis through p53 to efficiently remove mutant cells. (nih.gov)
Conclusion: For the protection of stem cells against apoptosis, different pathways, namely Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K/AKT), Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF1), Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK) and Hippo, are discussed. (benthamscience.com)
Reactivation of p53 in established tumors typically results in one of two cell fates, cell cycle arrest or apoptosis, but it remains unclear how this cell fate is determined. (nih.gov)
We hypothesized that high mitochondrial priming prior to p53 reactivation would lead to apoptosis, while low priming would lead to survival and cell cycle arrest. (nih.gov)
Using a panel of Kras-driven, p53 restorable cell lines derived from genetically engineered mouse models of lung adenocarcinoma and sarcoma (both of which undergo cell cycle arrest upon p53 restoration), as well as lymphoma (which instead undergo apoptosis), we show that the level of mitochondrial apoptotic priming is a critical determinant of p53 reactivation outcome. (nih.gov)
Cells with high initial priming (e.g., lymphomas) lacked sufficient reserve antiapoptotic capacity and underwent apoptosis after p53 restoration. (nih.gov)
When primed by inhibition of their antiapoptotic proteins using genetic (BCL-2 or BCL-XL deletion or BAD overexpression) or pharmacologic (navitoclax) means, apoptosis resulted upon p53 restoration in vitro and in vivo. (nih.gov)
p53 mediates cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in response to DNA damage or starvation for pyrimidine nucleotides. (thermofisher.com)
The p53 protein is an important tumor suppressor that is essential for regulating cell division, senescence, and self-destruction (apoptosis). (medlineplus.gov)
p53 is a transcription factor that participates in cell cycle checkpoint processes and apoptosis. (lu.se)

In order to escape the safeguard system mediated by p53, nearly all human cancers have compromised the effectiveness of the p53 pathway. (europa.eu)
Along the same lines, p53 is mostly degraded following the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway and calpains also seem to participate in its degradation. (cnrs.fr)
TP53 mutations define a maladaptive pathway with enhanced leukemic potential by inactivating tumor suppressor checkpoints without correcting the ribosome defect. (nature.com)
The DNA- damage response gene, p53 , is an important mediator of this cell-death pathway. (the-scientist.com)
SRSF2 Regulation of MDM2 Reveals Splicing as a Therapeutic Vulnerability of the p53 Pathway. (umassmed.edu)
In some circumstances, the activation of a stress-response pathway will actually help the tumour cell to survive and proliferate. (southampton.ac.uk)
The p53 tumour suppressor protein is a key component of one such stress-response pathway, and virtually all cancers loose functionality of the p53-stress response pathway. (southampton.ac.uk)
In the late 1990s work from a number of groups, including Blaydes et al , demonstrated that HDM2 could be targeted in cancer cells to re-activate the p53 stress-response pathway. (southampton.ac.uk)
In response to DNA-damaging agents, the wild-type p53-activated fragment 1 (WAF1 also known as p21) is an important downstream effector in the p53-specific growth arrest pathway. (lu.se)

Mutations in the p53 tumour suppressor protein are among the most frequent genetic alterations found in cancer. (europa.eu)
Evidence suggests that some of the mutations endow novel biochemical and biological properties to p53 - a phenomenon known as gain of function - and actively contribute to the carcinogenesis process. (europa.eu)
The MUTP53 project generated important information on the prognostic and predictive value of p53 mutations in tumours which should be of great value for clinical oncologists in the treatment of cancer patients. (europa.eu)
The protein is also a famous tumor suppressor -- around half of human cancers have p53 mutations that render it defective or suboptimal. (sciencedaily.com)
Our recent report indicated that tumor suppressor gene ( p53 ) mutations and protein aberrant expression were detected in pterygium. (molvis.org)
Mutations were detected in 62.2% of the tumor samples. (elis.sk)
FGFR3 mutations, contrary to TP53, correlated with lower tumor stage and grade, and the presence of multiple tumors. (elis.sk)
Most of these mutations lead to production of little or no functional p16(INK4A) protein. (medlineplus.gov)
The CDKN2A gene mutations found in melanoma result in a nonfunctional p16(INK4A) protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Together, the germline and somatic mutations impair the function of proteins that regulate division and senescence, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and the formation of a melanoma. (medlineplus.gov)
CDKN2A gene mutations involved in cancer impair production of functional p16(INK4A) or, less commonly, p14(ARF), which can result in uncontrolled cell growth and tumor formation. (medlineplus.gov)
Point mutations in K-ras and p53 were studied by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and DNA sequencing. (cdc.gov)
There were no point mutations observed in codons 12, 13, and 61 of K-ras or in exons 4-10 of p53 and no observed differences in the levels of any of the proteins studied. (cdc.gov)

Objective: This systemic review and meta-analysis focuses on the prognostic value of p53 Abs expressed in the serum of patients with solid tumors. (stanford.edu)
Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s): The primary study outcome was to determine the prognostic value of p53 Abs from a large population of patients with solid tumors, as determined before data collection. (stanford.edu)

Similarly, for p53 to function as a tumor suppressor gene, it also needs to get rid of MDM2-mediated degradation, so as to stabilize the p53 protein to function. (medicaltrend.org)
May function as a tumor suppressor. (lu.se)

The UPS and UBL proteins studied by us are: the oncogenic E3 ligase Mdm2, which regulates levels of p53, the deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) USP2a, and the UBL protein Hub1, which has been recently shown to control alternative splicing by non-covalent binding to the Snu66 spliceosomal protein. (europa.eu)
Human papillomavirus oncogenic E6 protein regulates human β-defensin 3 (hBD3) expression via the tumor suppressor protein p53. (antikoerper-online.de)
Phosphorylation of the Mdm2 oncoprotein by the c-Abl tyrosine kinase regulates p53 tumor suppression and the radiosensitivity of mice. (umassmed.edu)
The CBP (CREB-binding protein) is a histone acetyltransferase and transcriptional coactivator that regulates RNA polymerase II transcription. (novusbio.com)

Protein expression in living cells involves untethered intermediate molecules such as mRNA, enzymes, ribosomes, amino acids and polypeptides. (nature.com)
After the degradation of damaged proteins and lipids, amino acids and fatty acids are released into the cytoplasm and recycled for new biosynthesis of cellular components or energy production [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)

The restoration of the impaired function of the single gene, p53, by disrupting the Mdm2- p53/Mdmx-p53 interactions, offers a fundamentally new avenue for anticancer therapy across a broad spectrum of cancers. (europa.eu)
Mutants of p53 that frequently occur in a number of different human cancers fail to bind the consensus DNA binding site, and cause the loss of tumor suppressor activity. (thermofisher.com)
Importance: The protein p53 is an unequivocal tumor suppressor that is altered in half of all cancers. (stanford.edu)
Recent work has demonstrated that DNA-damage pathways are activated very early in the process of tumor development, 89 and elegant epidemiologic studies demonstrated long ago that exposure to environmental agents contributes to the development of the vast majority of human cancers. (the-scientist.com)
This has notable implications for the treatment of cancers in which p53 is not mutated but is instead functionally silenced roughly half of all cancer cases. (medindia.net)
In about half of human cancers, p53 is inactivated through DNA mutation. (who.int)
The other half of cancers harbour a wild-type p53 gene whose tumour suppressor functions are altered by different mechanisms, which are not yet completely understood. (who.int)

This is mainly because there are many proteins that regulate p53 levels in cells, the most important of which is MDM2. (medicaltrend.org)
MDM2 can either ubiquitinate p53 to promote its degradation, or directly bind p53 to inhibit its transcriptional activation function. (medicaltrend.org)
The traditional theory is that when cells are stimulated, the binding of MDM2 and p53 will be destroyed, leading to the accumulation of p53 protein, which affects downstream gene expression and enables cells to respond to the stimulus. (medicaltrend.org)
MDM2 ubiquitination of p53 mainly occurs on the six Ks (K369, K370, K378, K379, K383, and K384) of the C-terminal domain of p53. (medicaltrend.org)
This 6KQ mutation firstly makes p53 no longer be ubiquitinated by MDM2, and secondly it can also release its binding to certain transcriptional repressors. (medicaltrend.org)
To probe the effects of p53 behavior, the team used an experimental anti-cancer drug to inhibit MDM2, a protein that degrades p53. (sciencedaily.com)
They found that by blocking MDM2 activity after radiation exposure, p53 could be forced to remain elevated in cells where it would otherwise decline. (sciencedaily.com)
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2" by people in this website by year, and whether "Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (umassmed.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2" by people in Profiles. (umassmed.edu)
Lu's study showed that p53 is inhibited by two proteins in melanoma cells, iASPP and MDM2. (medindia.net)

TP53 codes for the protein p53, a crucial tumor suppressor that stops cells with damaged DNA from dividing. (nih.gov)
This variant, c.448_459del, results in the deletion of 4 amino acid(s) of the TP53 protein (p.Thr150_Pro153del), but otherwise preserves the integrity of the reading frame. (nih.gov)

More specifically, project partners planned to restore p53 tumour suppressor activity by abrogating the gain of function or reactivating the wild type properties of the protein. (europa.eu)
In the April 25 issue of Cancer Cell , a research team, led by Xin Lu, PhD, Ludwig director and member at the University of Oxford and a team of scientists from both institutions, describes how p53 is silenced in advanced melanomas by a protein named iASPP, and applies that information to restore p53 function in such cells. (medindia.net)

Double-strand break (DSB) repair protein involved in response to DNA damage, telomere dynamics and class-switch recombination (CSR) during antibody genesis. (cusabio.com)
p53 was recognized by immunoblotting by using an anti-p53 antibody. (cancer-pictures.org)
The following product was used in this experiment: P53 Monoclonal Antibody (5B10) from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # BSM-33209M. (thermofisher.com)

In 1979, Levine and others discovered the p53 tumor suppressor protein, a molecule that inhibits tumor development. (ias.edu)
Although some mechanisms through which TP inhibits NSCLC are well understood, those that involve ribosomal proteins remain yet to be understood. (techscience.com)
When activated, iASPP is shuttled into the nucleus, binds to p53 and ultimately inhibits its ability to induce cell suicide. (medindia.net)
This drug specifically inhibits BRAFV600E, a mutated protein that drives cancer cell proliferation. (medindia.net)

To investigate the involvement of HPV 16/18 E6 in p53 inactivation in pterygium, the association between HPV 16 or HPV 18 infection, the HPV E6 oncoprotein, and p53 protein expression was analyzed in this study. (molvis.org)
In addition, p53 protein negative expression in pterygium was correlated with HPV16/18 E6 oncoprotein expression but not with a p53 mutation. (molvis.org)
In this report, we analyzed p53 protein expression and gene mutation in pterygium in comparison with HPV 16/18 infection and E6 oncoprotein expression in pterygium tissues to understand whether the HPV infection was involved in pterygium pathogenesis. (molvis.org)
Some Example Projects: Regulation of HDM2 and HDMX proteins The HDM2 oncoprotein is the major negative regulator of p53 function in the cell. (southampton.ac.uk)
Role of CtBP transcriptional repressors in cancer cell proliferation and survival In common with p53, CtBP1 and CtBP2 proteins were discovered through their physical association with a viral oncoprotein. (southampton.ac.uk)

Its ability to ubiquitinate p53 is regulated by TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P14ARF. (umassmed.edu)

ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. (lu.se)

The activation function-2 (AF-2) domain of ERalpha and the C-terminal regulatory domain of p53 are necessary for the interaction. (nih.gov)
For example, a Nature article in Gu Wei's laboratory in 2016 found that the SET protein can selectively bind to the unacetylated C-terminal domain of p53 and inhibit the transcriptional activation function of p53. (medicaltrend.org)

In the current study, Lahav, Weissleder, and their team looked at tissues in mice that have very different sensitivities to ionizing radiation yet are known to express comparable levels of p53 -- the spleen and thymus, which are highly vulnerable, and the large and small intestines, which are more radioresistant. (sciencedaily.com)

Scientists in the field investigated the role of mutant p53 in cancer and came up with novel therapeutic interventions. (europa.eu)
With this in mind, the multidisciplinary EU-funded 'Mutant p53 as target for improved cancer treatment' (MUTP53) consortium aimed to explore the role of mutant p53 in cancer. (europa.eu)
To achieve this, scientists developed a mouse model with mutant p53, a p53 mutation detection array and small molecules that restore wild type function to mutant p53. (europa.eu)
Experimental work produced a wealth of information about the biochemical properties of mutant p53, its utility as a clinical marker and ways to target mutant p53 in tumours. (europa.eu)
Among the project's other achievements was the identification of small molecules targeting mutant p53. (europa.eu)

Estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) promotes proliferation of breast cancer cells, whereas tumor suppressor protein p53 impedes proliferation of cells with genomic damage. (nih.gov)
Ionizing radiation together with ERalpha knock down results in additive effect on transcription of endogenous p53-target gene p21 (CDKN1) in human breast cancer cells. (nih.gov)
Using the device to probe for an autoantibody cancer biomarker in blood serum sample gave five times higher signal to background ratio compared to standard protein microarray expressed on a flat microscope slide. (nature.com)
It also helped to open a very exciting avenue of research involving investigators with expertise in different aspects of growth control and cancer.Giordano's lab also discovered the tumor suppressor gene RB2/p130 and the cell cycle kinases CDK9 and CDK10, two other key players in cell cycle regulation and cell differentiation. (newswise.com)
p53 is involved in cell cycle regulation and loss of its function causes uncontrollable proliferation which is observed in cancer cells. (europa.eu)
The principal objective of our broad, translational research is to determine structural attributes and to develop small-molecule compounds for new, emerging, cancer-related protein-protein interactions in the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and ubiquitin-like protein (UBL) conjugation pathways. (europa.eu)
The tumour suppressor p53 protein, ""the guardian of the genome"", has an overarching role in protecting the organism from cancer. (europa.eu)
This illustration shows the dynamic interactions of anti-cancer drug EGCG with the transactivation domain (TAD) of tumor suppressor protein p53. (umass.edu)
They make up about one-third of proteins that human bodies make, Chen explains, and two-thirds of cancer-associated proteins contain large, disordered segments or domains. (umass.edu)
Toward that end, Chen's lab will study the molecular basis of how the anti-cancer drug EGCG, an antioxidant found in green tea extract, and their derivatives interact with the p53 gene, a tumor suppressor and the most important protein involved in cancer. (umass.edu)
Previously, Lahav and colleagues revealed the dynamic behavior of p53 over time and how it affects cancer drug efficacy, cell fate, and more. (sciencedaily.com)
So, the team explored whether manipulating p53 dynamics could increase tumor vulnerability, focusing on human colon cancer cell lines with unmutated, functional p53. (sciencedaily.com)
p53 Antibodies as a Diagnostic Marker for Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. (stanford.edu)
The immune system produces systemic p53 autoantibodies (p53 Abs) in many cancer patients. (stanford.edu)
Conclusions and Relevance: This is the first meta-analysis proving the diagnostic utility of p53-Abs for cancer patients in predicting poorer outcomes. (stanford.edu)
page 42) paves the way for structure- based drug discovery to target the tumour suppressor p53 protein for potential cancer therapy. (esrf.fr)
The pTNM stage is a system of stage classification proposed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer which determines the degree of tumor development according with the T, N and M categories. (biorxiv.org)
Without one of these tumor suppressors, cells can grow and divide unchecked, leading to the development of cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
Abstract Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a malignant tumor with high incidence worldwide. (techscience.com)
Stress-response pathways play a key role in the patho-physiology and treatment of many diseases, including cancer.At almost every stage of the development of a tumour, cells are exposed to some form of stress. (southampton.ac.uk)
They also provide a proof of principle that both of those factors need to be blocked if p53 is to be successfully reactivated in cancer cells," said Lu. (medindia.net)
Since multiple signaling pathways drive the growth of tumor cells, Lu and her colleagues wondered if the restoration of p53 function could be used as a strategy to enhance existing cancer therapies that target parallel signaling pathways. (medindia.net)
Uncovering key kinases in tumor growth and invasion is crucial for improving targeted therapies in advanced-stage colorectal cancer. (medindia.net)
In breast cancer patients, it is unclear whether measuring p53, mdm-2, or p21 expression provides information on how patients will respond to chemotherapy. (lu.se)
p53, mdm-2, p21, and mib-1 expression were assessed by immunohistochemical methods in primary tumors derived from 134 patients who took part in a randomized multicenter trial comparing docetaxel to sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (MF) in advanced breast cancer. (lu.se)
Impact of TMPRSS2 Expression, Mutation Prognostics, and Small Molecule (CD, AD, TQ, and TQFL12) Inhibition on Pan-Cancer Tumors and Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. (cdc.gov)
One exception is hu- humanized SCID mice, the use of al oncogenic viruses that are strictly man T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 surrogate hosts has not proven very species-specific, causing cancer in (HTLV-1): in addition to its ability to useful for defining tumour site con- humans only. (who.int)
Animal models for human tumour mental animals is not easy to answer does induce adult T-cell leukaemia/ viruses that make use of animal virus- for these agents, because cancer bi- lymphoma (ATLL), albeit in monkeys es are scarce. (who.int)
In a new article, scientists from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and partners describe a novel virus-driven mechanism that converts p53 from a tumour suppressor protein into a pro-proliferative factor. (who.int)
This may have an important impact in understanding the biology of wild-type p53 in cancer-transformed cells. (who.int)
p53 is a key protein that is altered in all cancer cells. (who.int)

A phase I/II trial investigating safety and efficacy of autologous TAC01-HER2 in relapsed or refractory solid tumors. (newswise.com)
Her research interest focuses on the molecular oncology and immunotherapies of solid tumors and she published more than 40 peer reviewed papers. (stanford.edu)
In the past decade, many clinical trials have been investigating anti-CTLA-4 as well as anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapies in various solid tumors, including HCC. (stanford.edu)

Plays a key role in the repair of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) in response to DNA damage by promoting non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)-mediated repair of DSBs and specifically counteracting the function of the homologous recombination (HR) repair protein BRCA1. (cusabio.com)

The structure of p53 comprises an N-terminal transactivation domain, a central DNA-binding domain, an oligomerisation domain, and a C-terminal regulatory domain. (thermofisher.com)

Are there multiple proteolytic pathways contributing to c-Fos, c-Jun and p53 protein degradation in vivo? (cnrs.fr)
Autophagy is a cellular catabolic process that eliminates damaged cell organelles, unfolded proteins, and various intracellular pathogens through lysosomal degradation. (hindawi.com)
In general, autophagy degrades long-lived damaged intracellular proteins, in contrast to the ubiquitin-proteasome system, which controls the degradation of short-lived proteins [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

Reactive probes for conjugations of DNA with proteins and peptides. (muni.cz)

Another important function of p53 is to respond to environmental stimuli and help cells overcome difficulties caused by various stresses, including DNA damage, excessive ROS, and insufficient nutrients. (medicaltrend.org)
In cells, p53 is a very unstable protein with a short half-life. (medicaltrend.org)
Cells were transfected in six-well dishes as explained above by using 200 ng of a firefly luciferase reporter gene plasmid (pRGC, provided by M. Oren) that harbors a p53 DNA binding site in its promoter. (cancer-pictures.org)
Proteins can also be expressed outside of living cells by subjecting gene DNA to 'cell-free' in vitro coupled transcription and translation (IVTT) reagent. (nature.com)
The uniformity of the numbers of terminal repeats (TRs) among EBV positive carcinoma cells reflects the clonal origin of a tumor and suggests that EBV is a causative virus for gastric carcinoma ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Under normal conditions, cells express little to no p53. (sciencedaily.com)
Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (SRCC) is currently defined in the 2004 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of renal tumors as any histologic type of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) containing foci of high-grade malignant spindle cells. (medscape.com)
Focal spindling due to noncohesion of tumor cells is not considered to represent sarcomatoid differentiation. (medscape.com)
however, occasional tumors composed entirely of rhabdoid cells have been described in which no RCC component is detected despite extensive sampling. (medscape.com)
RR CC was named for its morphologic resemblance to pediatric malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) of the kidney, which is a highly aggressive tumor characterized by cells that resemble rhabdomyoblasts and by genetic alterations involving chromosome 22, particularly the hSNF5/INI1 gene on 22q11.2. (medscape.com)
All taken together, these observations underline the complexity of the mechanisms responsible for the selective destruction of proteins within cells. (cnrs.fr)
p53 has been characterized to play a role in blocking the proliferative action of damaged cells and act as an anticancer agent. (thermofisher.com)
p53 is found in very low levels in normal cells, however, in a variety of transformed cell lines, it is expressed in high amounts, and believed to contribute to transformation and malignancy. (thermofisher.com)
Both function as tumor suppressors, which means they keep cells from growing and dividing too rapidly or in an uncontrolled way. (medlineplus.gov)
Both proteins are also involved in stopping cell division in older cells (senescence). (medlineplus.gov)
The p14(ARF) and p53 proteins are often made in cells that are unable to undergo cell division. (medlineplus.gov)
Without p16(INK4A) to regulate cell growth and division (proliferation), cells can continue to grow and divide without control, which can lead to tumor formation. (medlineplus.gov)
The tumor microenvironment refers to the surrounding microenvironment in which tumor cells exist, including the surrounding blood vessels, immune cells, fibroblasts, bone marrow-derived inflammatory cells, various signaling molecules, and extracellular matrix. (techscience.com)
5 Conversely, p53 induction by oxidative damage may help reduce the development of atherosclerosis, perhaps by suppressing the growth or enhancing the death of cells involved in causing atherosclerotic lesions. (the-scientist.com)
A particular interest of our work has been how HDM2 and HDMX protein synthesis is controlled in response to cell-signalling pathways in different cell types, and how this affects p53 function in these cells. (southampton.ac.uk)
One protein that keeps healthy cells from behaving this way is a tumor suppressor named p53. (medindia.net)
This protein stops potentially precancerous cells from dividing and induces suicide in those that are damaged beyond repair. (medindia.net)
When JNJ and the Nutlin-3 were combined, the full function of p53 was restored in metastatic melanoma cells. (medindia.net)
EBV-LMPI expression in tumour cells of 10 of 26 cases of oesophageal carcinoma may also be of value in diagnosis and pathogenesis. (bvsalud.org)
Many tumor cells produce antigens, which may be released in the bloodstream or remain on the cell surface. (msdmanuals.com)
Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are relatively restricted to tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
Tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) are unique to tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
However, several antigens with selective expression on the surface of tumor cells are not associated with the major histocompatibility complex and may be candidates for therapeutic targeting. (msdmanuals.com)
References Many tumor cells produce antigens, which may be released in the bloodstream or remain on the cell surface. (msdmanuals.com)

Our findings reveal a novel mechanism for regulating p53 and suggest that suppressing p53 function is an important component in the pro-proliferative role of ERalpha. (nih.gov)
In a Cell review in 2009, he put forward a new view on the mechanism of p53. (medicaltrend.org)
This research challenges the traditional view on the mechanism of p53. (medicaltrend.org)
Her lab's work on p53 revealed a novel druggable pocket that clarified the mechanism of action for a compound in clinical trials. (nih.gov)
This is the first time that such a mechanism of p53 inactivation has been described," says Lu. (medindia.net)
In the study, the authors dissect a new mechanism driven by cutaneous beta human papillomavirus (HPV) type 38 in altering the function of p53. (who.int)

The authors observed: p53KQ/KQ mice will die in the perinatal period, mainly due to the activation of p53. (medicaltrend.org)
But p53KQ/- will also die before adulthood, because the activation of p53 causes hematopoietic dysfunction in p53KQ/- mice, and the mice die of ischemia. (medicaltrend.org)
Furthermore, because of the known interaction between SOD2 and p53 protein, this study seeks to clarify the impact that the double mutation has on oxidative/nitrative stress levels in the brain of mice carrying the double mutation (p53(-/-) × SOD2(-/+) and p53(-/-) × TgSOD2). (nih.gov)
The team found certain types of tumors in mice were more vulnerable to radiation after being given a drug that blocks p53 levels from declining and oscillating. (sciencedaily.com)
Further, such treatment significantly suppressed tumor growth in mice. (medindia.net)

By protecting p53, p14(ARF) also helps prevent tumor formation. (medlineplus.gov)
Most humoral responses cannot prevent tumor growth. (msdmanuals.com)

In vulnerable tissues, p53 levels go up and remain high, leading to cell death. (sciencedaily.com)
In tissues that tend to survive radiation damage, p53 levels oscillate up and down. (sciencedaily.com)
Yet, levels of this sentinel protein are often similar in tissues with vastly different sensitivities to radiation, posing the question: How is p53 involved? (sciencedaily.com)
After radiation exposure, all four tissues expressed elevated p53 along with other markers of DNA and cellular damage as expected. (sciencedaily.com)
The T category informs about tumor growth, depth and stage of adjacent tissues invasion. (biorxiv.org)
Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein expression and cyclin DI cell cyase protein expression in malignant and normal oesophageal tissues to see whether any variation in their expression in these tissues could be of diagnostic or prognostic value. (bvsalud.org)

The analysis of well-known antioxidant systems such as thioredoxin-1 and Nrf2/HO-1/BVR-A suggests their potential role in the maintenance of the cellular redox homeostasis in the presence of changes of SOD2 and/or p53 protein levels. (nih.gov)
A new study now finds that cellular survival after radiation exposure depends on behavior of the tumor-suppressor protein p53 over time. (sciencedaily.com)
Reporting in Nature Communications on Feb. 9, they describe how cellular survival after radiation exposure depends on behavior of p53 over time. (sciencedaily.com)
This act of cellular seppuku is regulated by p53, which acts as a sentinel for genomic damage. (sciencedaily.com)
The tumor suppressor protein, p53, is a sequence specific transcription factor that is activated by cellular stress. (thermofisher.com)
Modulation of p53-mediated cellular-suicide activity may influence the amount of tissue injury. (the-scientist.com)
Host Response to Tumors The immune response to foreign antigens consists of Humoral mechanisms (eg, antibodies) Cellular mechanisms (See also Tumor Antigens. (msdmanuals.com)

Moreover, c-Fos, c-Jun and p53 turnovers are regulated upon activation of intracellular signalling cascades. (cnrs.fr)

Molecular analysis may have prognostic value and may facilitate the assignment of patients to appropriate forms of treatment - especially in the case of patients with a T1 tumor, where different mutational patterns were observed in each grade. (elis.sk)

Because environmental stimuli are often short-lived, p53 is required to function as quickly as possible, so stronger p53 activation is required. (medicaltrend.org)
The c-Fos and c-Jun oncoproteins and the p53 tumor suppressor protein are short-lived transcription factors. (cnrs.fr)

We use nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and X-ray crystallography techniques to structurally characterize protein-protein interactions (PPI) and to develop small-molecule inhibitors for these PPIs. (europa.eu)
The activity of the latter protein is known to be blocked by a small molecule called Nutlin-3. (medindia.net)

Using the PubMed database, Cochrane Library and Web of Science, studies published in English evaluating miRs differentially expressed in tumor tissue and significantly associated with the prognostic aspects of CRC were selected. (biorxiv.org)

He believed that the activation of p53 is not only due to the stability of its protein (increased protein level), but also due to the elimination of various negative regulatory binding proteins. (medicaltrend.org)
This indicates that the activation of p53 does not depend on the increase in the level of p53 protein, but as long as the inhibitory effect of transcription repressor protein is released. (medicaltrend.org)
One explanation is: if it can increase the level of p53, but also get rid of the negative regulation of transcription inhibitors, then the activation effect of p53 may be stronger. (medicaltrend.org)
There are various phosphorylation sites on p53, of which the phosphorylation at Ser15 is important for p53 activation and stabilization. (thermofisher.com)

S2 subunit of SARS-nCoV-2 interacts with tumor suppressor protein p53 and BRCA: an in silico study. (cdc.gov)

Here we report that ERalpha binds directly to p53 and represses its function. (nih.gov)
The p16(INK4A) protein attaches (binds) to two other proteins called CDK4 and CDK6. (medlineplus.gov)

These proteins help regulate the cell cycle, which is the cell's way of replicating itself in an organized, step-by-step fashion. (medlineplus.gov)
We have shown that CtBPs also interact with HDM2 protein, and can consequently regulate p53 function (Mirnezami et al, 2003). (southampton.ac.uk)

A different type of alteration involving the CDKN2A gene can result in reduced amounts or an absence of the p16(INK4A) or p14(ARF) protein. (medlineplus.gov)

According to this model, it is speculated that if p53 can not be inhibited by various negative transcriptional regulatory proteins, even if its level is not significantly increased, it may be able to exert its normal tumor suppressor function. (medicaltrend.org)
However, the level of p53 protein still did not increase significantly. (medicaltrend.org)
Although DNA damage and other stimuli can significantly increase the level of p53 protein, this is not necessarily the case in the p53 tumor suppressor function. (medicaltrend.org)
Tumors treated this way shrunk significantly more than when given either radiation alone or the drug alone. (sciencedaily.com)
p53, mdm-2, p21, and mib-1 expression were not significantly associated with response to chemotherapy, time to progression, or overall survival in the whole patient population or in the docetaxel group. (lu.se)

Inactivation of p53 by Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 E6 plays a crucial role in cervical tumorigenesis. (molvis.org)
In this study, we further speculate that p53 inactivation may be linked with HPV infection in pterygium pathogenesis. (molvis.org)
HPV 16/18 E6 contributes to HPV-mediated pterygium pathogenesis as it is partly involved in p53 inactivation and is expressed in HPV DNA-positive pterygium. (molvis.org)

Remarkably, ionizing radiation that causes genomic damage disrupts the interaction between ERalpha and p53. (nih.gov)

Our goal is really trying to combine simulation and experiments in collaboration with other labs to tease out what are the hidden features of these disordered proteins that are crucial to their function," Chen says. (umass.edu)

The protein product of the murine double minute gene 2 (mdm-2) plays a central role in the regulation of p53. (lu.se)

Palmitic acid (PA) is the most common fatty acid in humans and mediates palmitoylation through its conversion into palmitoyl coenzyme A. Although palmitoylation affects many proteins, its pathophysiological functions are only partially understood. (researchgate.net)

Our data indicated ribosomal protein L4 (RPL4) to be a core hub protein in the protein-protein interaction network. (techscience.com)

These in vitro, and their expression in these human tumour virus. (who.int)

The Protein Data Bank (PDB) based at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, and the University of California-San Diego (UCSD) has put the 50,000th molecule structure into its archive, joining other structures vital to pharmacology, bioinformatics and education. (scientific-computing.com)

Immunotherapeutic options have elicited a promising approach in some malignancies with Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approving the first checkpoint inhibitor anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) ipilimumab for the treatment of melanoma ten years ago. (stanford.edu)
These results demonstrate that functional p53 in melanoma is normally inhibited by two different factors, instead of one, as previously thought. (medindia.net)
With such treatment, advanced melanoma tumors in preclinical mouse models shrank by a full 75 percent after 28 days of treatment. (medindia.net)

35S]Methionine-labeled translated proteins BGJ398 enzyme inhibitor were incubated with the relevant GST-fusion proteins loaded on glutathione-Sepharose 4b beads for 2 h at 4C in GST binding buffer (120 BGJ398 enzyme inhibitor mM NaCl/50 mM Tris, pH 8/0.25% Nonidet P-40/1 mM PMSF/1 mM DTT). (cancer-pictures.org)
To further examine whether the SUMO ligase activity of PIAS proteins is BGJ398 enzyme inhibitor restricted to p53, we tested several other SUMO targets in this system. (cancer-pictures.org)
Lu's research team first identified iASPP as an inhibitor of p53 in 2003. (medindia.net)

In addition to histone acetylation, CBP also acetylates various transcription factors, including the tumor suppressor protein p53, to enhance sequence-specific DNA binding. (novusbio.com)

Knocking down p53 and ERalpha by small interfering RNA elicits opposite effects on p53-target gene expression and cell cycle progression. (nih.gov)
His early research includes seminal work done in 1989, demonstrating the importance of cell cycle proteins in the functioning of DNA tumor viruses. (newswise.com)
Aifantis, I. Regulation of stem cell function by protein ubiquitylation. (benthamscience.com)
Mitochondrial apoptotic priming is a key determinant of cell fate upon p53 restoration. (nih.gov)
During elongation and maturation, the phagophore encapsulates damaged proteins and cell organelles. (hindawi.com)

Anatomy16

Organisms9

Diseases28

Chemicals and Drugs98

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Phenomena and Processes74

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Genes9

Apoptosis11

Pathway9

Mutations13

Value of p532

Function as a tumor2

Regulates4

Amino acids2

Cancers7

MDM211

TP532

Restore p532

Antibody3

Inhibits4

Oncoprotein5

Ubiquitinate p531

Phosphoprotein1

Domain of p532

Levels of p531

Mutant5

Cancer31

Solid tumors3

BRCA11

Transactivation domain1

Degradation3

Peptides1

Cells29

Mechanism6

Mice5

Prevent tumor2

Tissues6

Cellular7

Intracellular1

Prognostic value1

Short-lived2

Small Molecule2

Differentially expressed1

Activation4

Interacts1

Binds2

Regulate2

Alteration1

Significantly5

Inactivation3

Genomic damage1

Crucial1

Murine double minute1

Affects1

Interaction1

Vitro1

Molecule1

Melanoma3

Inhibitor3

Sequence specific1

Cell5