EngelmanniiSpruceGlaucaAbiesSubalpineLodgepole pinePinusGenusSitkaSpeciesNorth AmericaConifersNativeEvergreenSpecific epithetSpruce'sForestsBranchGrowsSprucesTallHigh-elevationGenerallyConesCommonPlantLitterPlantsConifer treesMortalityPineClimateGrowthCharacteristicsAspenBark beetleTrunkBirdsCommonlyFoundForest TreesTachycinetaNurseriesSmall
Engelmannii14
- Picea engelmannii, with the common names Engelmann spruce, white spruce, mountain spruce, and silver spruce, is a species of spruce native to western North America. (wikipedia.org)
- Picea engelmannii is a medium-sized to large evergreen tree growing to 25-40 metres (82-131 feet) tall, exceptionally to 65 m (213 ft) tall, and with a trunk diameter of up to 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in). (wikipedia.org)
- Two geographical subspecies (treated as varieties by some authors, and as distinct species by others) occur: Picea engelmannii subsp. (wikipedia.org)
- engelmannii (Engelmann spruce). (wikipedia.org)
- The most common is Engelmann spruce ( Picea engelmannii ), but you could also try blue spruce ( Picea pungens ). (gardeningknowhow.com)
- The Engelmann spruce ( Picea engelmannii ) is also known as Columbia, white, mountain, or silver spruce. (oregonencyclopedia.org)
- Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. (oregonencyclopedia.org)
- However, the future of these forests is uncertain following widespread and severe bark beetle outbreaks [primarily mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) and spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) trees, respectively] in recent decades. (conbio.org)
- Engelmann spruce ( Picea engelmannii ) is usually associated with subalpine fir and occurs as either a climax co-dominant or as a persistent, long-lived seral species in most upper elevation subalpine fir habitat types. (mt.gov)
- Mountain pine beetle initially attacked stands with higher lodgepole pine basal area, and lower density and basal area of Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii [Parry]), and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa (Hook. (usu.edu)
- Five species occur in Canada: Black ( Picea mariana ), red ( Picea rubens ), white ( Picea glauca ), Engelmann ( Picea engelmannii ) and Sitka ( Picea sitchensis ). (bcgsc.ca)
- [17] Western red cedar and Western hemlock ( Tsuga heterophylla ) are the most common tree species in low elevation inland rainforest patches, while the high elevation rainforest regions of British Columbia are dominated by Engelmann spruce ( Picea engelmannii ) and subalpine fir ( Abies lasiocarpa ). (wikipedia.org)
- However, they can also occasionally attack Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) , Subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa), Mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana), and Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) . (gardenia.net)
- During the late Wisconsin, boreal conifers, primarily Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii), replaced the mixed conifer association. (nau.edu)
Spruce48
- Both water uptake and water stored in roots appear to be critical for the survival of subalpine Engelmann spruce saplings that are exposed above the snowpack in later winter to early spring. (wikipedia.org)
- Increased rates of transpiration in response to loss of snowpack, coupled with low sapwood water reserves and an extended period of soil frost in windswept areas, may prevent Engelmann spruce from regenerating in open areas both above and below the tree line. (wikipedia.org)
- Spruce bark beetles attack the tree, being particularly deadly to groups which have stood for centuries. (wikipedia.org)
- Engelmann spruce-shaded streams are exploited by trout. (wikipedia.org)
- The Engelmann spruce hybridises and intergrades extensively with the closely related white spruce (Picea glauca), found further north and east in the Rockies, and to a lesser extent with the closely related Sitka spruce where they meet on the western fringes of the Cascades. (wikipedia.org)
- Changes in soluble phenol content of Norway spruce ( Picea abies Karst. (afs-journal.org)
- Ceratocystis polonica inoculated in Norway spruce: Blue-staining in relation to inoculum density, resinosis and tree growth. (afs-journal.org)
- With its stiff, sharp-pointed needles and scaly bark, Engelmann spruce are hard to miss among the firs and hemlocks of Oregon's forests. (oregonencyclopedia.org)
- Engelmann spruce grows in the Rocky Mountains from central British Columbia south to Mexico and in the Cascade Mountains of Washington and Oregon, with a few scattered populations in northern California, the Siskiyou Mountains, northeastern Oregon, and the Olympic Mountains of Washington State. (oregonencyclopedia.org)
- The Oregon champion is in Union County, where an Engelmann spruce reaches 190 feet tall and 5.6 feet in diameter. (oregonencyclopedia.org)
- Native Americans used Engelmann spruce as a medicine and a tea, and they used the wood for building materials. (oregonencyclopedia.org)
- Today, Engelmann spruce is made into prefabricated wood products and plywood. (oregonencyclopedia.org)
- The Engelmann spruce also has a more aesthetic use. (oregonencyclopedia.org)
- Often used as an alternative to German Spruce, Engelmann Spruce has uniform color, tight grain, and great sound projection. (stewmac.com)
- Also known as "White Spruce", Engelmann has been loved by guitar makers for decades because of its creamy look when compared to Sitka. (stewmac.com)
- This unique Engelmann spruce starts out as a rather irregular, sprawling/mounding spruce with bright blue, long and pointed needles. (coniferkingdom.com)
- For trees ≥2.5 cm in diameter at breast height, the density of live lodgepole pine trees in mountain pine beetle-affected stands was higher than Engelmann spruce, subalpine fir, and aspen, (Populus tremuloides Michx. (usu.edu)
- Engelmann Spruce essential oil is a new addtion to Stillpoint Aromatics. (stillpointaromatics.com)
- We were introduced to Engelmann Spruce essential oil by our artisan distiller. (stillpointaromatics.com)
- Engelmann Spruce is one of the seven species of spruce indigenous to the United States. (stillpointaromatics.com)
- We find that because of its high camphene and delta limonene, Engelmann Spruce essential oil is invaluable in any respiratory blend, whether it be a chest rub, diffuser, or nasal inhaler. (stillpointaromatics.com)
- Spruce comprises many different tonewoods, typically from the genus Picea. (mynewmicrophone.com)
- Engelmann spruce has a light cream or white colour with a fine, even texture. (mynewmicrophone.com)
- Engelmann spruce trees are often harvested too early, so it's relatively rare to receive top-notch pieces without run-out. (mynewmicrophone.com)
- Engelmann spruce offers a smooth sound with a slightly richer midrange than Sitka. (mynewmicrophone.com)
- Species of spruce ( Picea ) are the dominant genera of the boreal forest and occur throughout Canada. (bcgsc.ca)
- Norway spruce ( Picea abies ) is also a valuable species in Northern Europe. (bcgsc.ca)
- In the forest industry, spruce is the predominant harvested tree species for both structural timber and pulp. (bcgsc.ca)
- Poplar is a "model tree" species, while spruce represents a phylum (conifers) that dominates the world's temperate and boreal forests and provides Canada with high quality wood and fibre. (bcgsc.ca)
- The Picea Sitchensis is commonly known as the Coast Spruce , Menzies' Spruce , Silver Spruce , Sitka Spruce , Tideland Spruce , Western Spruce as well as Yellow Spruce . (treesofnorthamerica.net)
- First, I explored how sapwood volume and leaf area, indices of maintenance costs and net assimilation, varied with tree size among three subalpine conifers (Engelmann spruce, subalpine fir, and lodgepole pine). (moam.info)
- Next, I measured stem growth and maintenance respiration for Engelmann spruce and lodgepole pine. (moam.info)
- Stem maintenance respiration was linearly related to spwood volume for lodgepole pine from 4 to 40 cm dbh and for Engelmann spruce from 0 to 20 cm dbh. (moam.info)
- Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), also called red-fir, Oregon-pine, Douglas-spruce, and piño Oregon (Spanish), is one of the world's most important and valuable timber trees. (eopugetsound.org)
- The hanging cones and dark green needles suggest it is a spruce tree, but the grey bark with horizontal slashes looks like that of a fir to me. (ubc.ca)
- Ron B, I originally thought it was an Engelmann or a white spruce because of the shape of the cones, but the bark does not have scales as Parish describes. (ubc.ca)
- cone scales too rounded for Engelmann Spruce. (ubc.ca)
- Climate change favors the abundance of the European spruce bark beetle ( Ips typographus ) which attacks the bark of Norway spruce ( Picea abies ) trees, causing induced BVOC emissions from the trees as a response to the insect stress. (copernicus.org)
- Here, results are reported from a study analyzing the difference in emission rates between healthy and bark-beetle-infested Norway spruce trees, changes in emission rates over time since the infestation started, and differences in emission rates from bark-beetle-drilled entry and exit holes. (copernicus.org)
- However, when Norway spruce trees were infested, the bark emission rates were instead 6 to 20 times higher than the needle emissions, causing substantial increases in the total tree BVOC emission rate. (copernicus.org)
- 2003). In Sweden, the drought in the summer of 2018 led to increased bark beetle outbreaks, which in 2020 were estimated to affect about 8 million m 3 (standing timber volume) Norway spruce ( Picea abies ) forest (Wulff and Roberge, 2020). (copernicus.org)
- The "Pixie Dust" Dwarf Alberta Spruce (Picea Glauca "Pixie Dust") is a dwarf featuring bright yellow new growth. (bonsaiofbrooklyn.com)
- Spruce trees are a large family which includes giants growing over a hundred feet to dwarfs never exceeding a few feet in height. (bonsaiofbrooklyn.com)
- Both log-extraction systems met the silvicultural prescription of reducing fuel and protecting residual large-diameter western larch, Engelmann spruce, Douglas-fir, and lodgepole pine. (frames.gov)
- Colorado blue spruce (Picea pungens) The state tree and a native, sharp stiff needles, color of needles range from bright green to silver blue. (keymemphis.com)
- The leaves of the Engelmann Spruce are needle-like whilst the seed cones are long and slender, and cylindrical, with thin and flexible scales. (keymemphis.com)
- Although severe reactions are quite uncommon, Spruce in the Picea genus has been reported as a sensitizer . (wood-database.com)
- This formal upright Ezo spruce has been a Seasonal student project for a couple years now, and in the final photo you can see where the tree is now. (crataegus.com)
Glauca2
- Picea glauca var. (porkyfarm.com)
- That's usually considered a synonym of typical Picea glauca (e.g. (ubc.ca)
Abies5
- Subalpine forest trajectories will depend largely on survival of subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa), the primary tree species not attacked in recent outbreaks. (conbio.org)
- Subalpine fir ( Abies lasiocarpa ) is the co-dominant in these systems and is often the most prevalent tree species. (mt.gov)
- Abies lasiocarpa, also known as the Subalpine Fir or Rocky Mountain Fir, is a beautiful evergreen tree found in western North America. (sheffields.com)
- These are primarily fir trees (Abies spp. (gardenia.net)
- Abies concolor , the white fir , is a coniferous tree in the pine family Pinaceae . (plantdollar.com)
Subalpine1
- 6,000 individual trees) with satellite/aerial imagery, climate data, and forest simulation modeling to better understand the causes and consequences of accelerating rates of tree mortality in the subalpine forest zone of the US Central Rocky Mountains. (conbio.org)
Lodgepole pine1
Pinus1
- Pine trees ( Pinus spp. (gardeningknowhow.com)
Genus1
- Species within the genus Picea form hybrid swarms at the interface of their ranges. (treesofnorthamerica.net)
Sitka2
- It has a broader dynamic range than Engelmann, though shallower than Sitka. (mynewmicrophone.com)
- There are also a number of really eye-catching North American spruces that one can collect, like Engelmann, Colorado, Sitka, and Black. (crataegus.com)
Species17
- Despite wind damage, the species tends to grow taller than others at the tree line. (wikipedia.org)
- Several of the world's bear species exhibit tree-rubbing behavior, which is thought to be a form of scent-marking communication. (bioone.org)
- Many aspects of this behavior remain unexplored, including differences in rub tree selection between sympatric bear species. (bioone.org)
- Black bears showed preferences for certain tree species for rubbing, but we did not find evidence that rub tree selection by grizzly bears differed among tree species. (bioone.org)
- Both bear species selected trees that lacked branches on the lower portions of tree trunks and the maximum rub height was consistent with the body length of the bear species that used the tree. (bioone.org)
- Although the sample size for grizzly bears was small, identifying the species and sex of bears based on genetic analysis enhanced interpretation of rub tree use and selection by bears. (bioone.org)
- Juniper species that are native to this region include common juniper ( Juniperus communis ), a tough, drought tolerant native shrub, and Rocky Mountain juniper ( Juniperus scopulorum ), a small tree with blue-green foliage. (gardeningknowhow.com)
- Tree species that occur in the otherwise sparsely vegetated communities of this system are particularly important for wildlife and watershed hydrology as they provide important food sources and slow spring snowmelt, thereby increasing the duration of summer runoff and streamflow (Arno and Hoff, 1989). (mt.gov)
- In general, bird species richness was high and many native forest species were retained where urban landcover comprised less than 52% of the landscape, tree density (especially that of evergreens) remained at least 9.8 trees/ha in developments, and forest was at least 64% aggregated across the landscape. (isa-arbor.com)
- Many bird and mammal species rely on cavities in trees to rear their young or roost. (hindawi.com)
- All species in Canada are the subject of conventional tree breeding programs for growth, wood quality and pest resistance. (bcgsc.ca)
- and its close relative, the Eurasian quaking aspen ( Populus tremula L.), cover a realm that is perhaps the most expansive of all tree species in the world. (mdpi.com)
- I examined how sapwood maintenance costs vary among species, and how these costs change with tree growth and stand development. (moam.info)
- The inland rainforest patches are habitat for a variety of tree species. (wikipedia.org)
- The Fir Engraver Beetle (Scolytus ventralis) is a small, yet destructive bark beetle species that targets fir trees, posing significant threats to forests and timber industries. (gardenia.net)
- The Fir Engraver Beetle, scientifically known as Scolytus ventralis, is a bark beetle species that primarily infests true fir trees. (gardenia.net)
- These insects can cause significant damage to their host trees, particularly in areas where fir trees are a dominant species. (gardenia.net)
North America1
Conifers2
- Conifers can be beautiful specimen trees for landscape planting, but they also serve well in groups as privacy screens or windbreaks . (gardeningknowhow.com)
- It's important to take care when selecting conifers for the backyard to ensure the mature size of the tree fits in the site you have in mind. (gardeningknowhow.com)
Native4
- are a good example since you can find both native and non-native pine trees that grow here. (gardeningknowhow.com)
- Northwest Trees: identifying and understanding our native trees. (oregonencyclopedia.org)
- Native, narrow, densely pyramidal tree. (plantsomethingmontana.org)
- This native, evergreen tree has a round crown when mature and a conic crown when young. (eopugetsound.org)
Evergreen3
- Picea brachytyla is an evergreen Tree growing to 40 m (131ft 3in) at a fast rate. (pfaf.org)
- Conifer, evergreen tree, to 60ft (18 m) tall, with a spread of 20-25 ft (6.7.6 m), very slender trunk, forms a narrow, pyramidal head. (oregonstate.edu)
- This large evergreen coniferous tree grows best in the central Sierra Nevada of California , where the record specimen was recorded as 74.9 m (246 ft) tall and measured 4.6 m (183 in) in diameter at breast height (dbh) in Yosemite National Park . (plantdollar.com)
Specific epithet1
- The specific epithet honors George Engelmann (1809-1884), St. Louis physician and botanist. (oregonencyclopedia.org)
Spruce's1
- Its shallow root system can be Engelmann spruce's figurative and literal downfall, since it is very susceptible to blowdown by wind. (oregonencyclopedia.org)
Forests2
- Old and dying trees reduce economic efficiencies within managed forests, so for decades we have sought to remove them. (hindawi.com)
- The branch length variation adds a lot of visual interest, and is also closer to what I see in the old forests, so that is what I tried to do with this tree. (crataegus.com)
Branch2
- These larvae start to feed on the inner bark of the tree, creating their own feeding galleries that branch out perpendicularly from the original egg gallery. (gardenia.net)
- I tend to think that if we slavishly follow the triangular shape for a very tall formal upright, with each branch slotted exactly in length, we often make a young looking Christmas tree. (crataegus.com)
Grows2
- The tree grows in a krummholz form along the fringe of alpine tundras. (wikipedia.org)
- It grows up to 25m tall and features a very narrow conic crown and smooth grey bark, becoming fissured on mature trees. (sheffields.com)
Spruces1
- Engelmann spruces of the Madrean sky islands mountains in the extreme southeast of Arizona and southwest of New Mexico also probably belong to this subspecies, though this is disputed. (wikipedia.org)
Tall4
- The tree is 30 feet tall and the trunk in the photo is 6 - 8 inches in diameter. (ubc.ca)
- Large but not huge trees, in good soil, range from 40 to 60 m (131 to 195 ft) tall and from 99 to 165 cm (39 to 65 in) dbh in California and southwestern Oregon and to 41 m (134 ft) tall and 124 cm (49 in) dbh in Arizona and New Mexico . (plantdollar.com)
- A smaller tree to 25-35 m (80-115 ft) tall, rarely 45 m (150 ft). (plantdollar.com)
- The really tall forest trees I see around in the Pacific Northwest, like the true firs and Douglas Firs that can reach 300′ / 90 m tall, well, they just don't do that. (crataegus.com)
High-elevation4
- It is mostly a high-elevation mountain tree but also appears in watered canyons. (wikipedia.org)
- It is mostly a high-elevation mountain tree, in many areas reaching the tree line, but at lower elevations occupies cool watered canyons. (wikipedia.org)
- Moisture-loving trees, they can form nearly pure stands in high-elevation wet areas such as bogs, streamsides, and margins of wet meadows. (oregonencyclopedia.org)
- It is characteristically a high-elevation mosaic of stunted tree clumps, open woodlands, and herb- or dwarf-shrub-dominated openings, occurring above closed forest ecosystems and below alpine communities. (mt.gov)
Generally2
- Rub trees generally were located in areas with gentle slopes and close to existing animal trails. (bioone.org)
- Tree losses in these unique environments generally have a substantial impact. (isa-arbor.com)
Cones3
- Additionally, aphids produce galls which hang from the tree and look similar to cones when they dry out. (wikipedia.org)
- They are trees that bear seeds in cones and do not have true flowers. (gardeningknowhow.com)
- Sundrop, here is another photo of the tree which shows both the trunk and the cones. (ubc.ca)
Common2
- Favourable cavity sites are usually created by fungi, so they are more common in older, dying trees that are incompatible with intensive fiber production. (hindawi.com)
- This tree is common in the northern and central parts of Arizona, southward to northern Mexico, and eastward to western Texas. (eopugetsound.org)
Plant1
- So if you plant the tree indoors and in pots, it won't grow too high, around 4-5 feet. (keymemphis.com)
Litter1
- In the summer, adult beetles that have overwintered under the bark of host trees or in the nearby litter and duff emerge, and the females start looking for suitable host trees to lay their eggs. (gardenia.net)
Plants1
Conifer trees1
- While many conifer trees thrive in cool areas of the country, there are also conifer trees in desert regions. (gardeningknowhow.com)
Mortality1
- dominated ecosystems in north-central Colorado are undergoing rapid and drastic changes associated with overstory tree mortality from a current mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) outbreak. (usu.edu)
Pine3
- Competition and coexistence in a multi-partner mutualism: interactions between two fungal symbionts of the mountain pine beetle in beetle-attacked trees. (afs-journal.org)
- Coniferous trees are evergreens like pine , fir , juniper , and cedar . (gardeningknowhow.com)
- Downed woody debris loads did not differ between uninfested plots and plots currently infested at the time of sampling to 3 or 4-7 years after initial infestation, but the projected downed coarse wood accumulations when 80% of the mountain pine beetle-killed trees fall indicated a fourfold increase. (usu.edu)
Climate1
- In United States, the perfect climate for growing almond trees can be found in Central California. (keymemphis.com)
Growth2
- Larger trees will check badly and hardly put on any growth for several years. (pfaf.org)
- The ideal temperature for Almond tree growth is between 15 and 30C. (keymemphis.com)
Characteristics1
- Characteristics and Range One of our tiniest songbirds, the Golden-crowned Kinglet is known for moving rapidly in small flocks flitting high up through the trees, and giving extremely high-pitched calls that most of us lose the ability to hear with age. (birdatlas.bc.ca)
Aspen1
- Aspen, basswood, and poplar are not "softwoods" - they are trees with soft wood. (wood-database.com)
Bark beetle3
- Dynamics of tree attack in the bark beetle Ips typographus under semi-epidemic conditions. (afs-journal.org)
- High-value trees, such as those located in residential, recreational, or administrative sites, are particularly susceptible to bark beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) attack as a result of increased amounts of stress associated with drought, soil compaction, mechanical injury, or vandalism. (isa-arbor.com)
- The value of these individual trees, cost of removal, and loss of esthetics may justify protection until the main thrust of a bark beetle infestation subsides. (isa-arbor.com)
Trunk1
- Especially with a true long-view formal upright tree that would be seen at a great distance, the trunk not being authentically straight can be the thing that makes it lose scale and look like what it actually is, a small tree in a pot. (crataegus.com)
Birds1
- Because trees resist decay, it takes time for fungi to soften wood enough that cavity excavation by birds is possible. (hindawi.com)
Commonly1
- This tree is typically found at high altitudes, from 300-900m in the north to 2,400-3,650m in the south, and is commonly found at and immediately below the tree line. (sheffields.com)
Found1
- Constitutive needle emission rates from healthy trees were found to be 11 times higher than bark emissions from healthy trees. (copernicus.org)
Forest Trees1
- Agriculture Handbook 654 (Supersedes Agriculture Handbook 271,Silvics of Forest Trees of the United States, 1965). (eopugetsound.org)
Tachycineta1
- Two broad groups of cavity users are distinguished: primary excavators, such as woodpeckers, that excavate their own cavities and secondary cavity users, such as bufflehead ducks ( Bucephala albeola ), tree swallows ( Tachycineta bicolor ), and northern flying squirrels ( Glaucomys sabrinus ), that use holes excavated by primary cavity excavators. (hindawi.com)
Nurseries1
- The easier and less-risky way to grow almonds is from small trees you can get from nurseries. (keymemphis.com)
Small1
- Trees should be planted into their permanent positions when they are quite small, between 30 and 90cm. (pfaf.org)