Transduction functions cells hair. Medical search. Frequent questions

His current research interests include the study of mechanoelectrical transduction, molecular motors in the hair cell, the role of noise in sensory processing, and the physiology of synaptic transmission. (carleton.edu)

Less is known about their role in mammalian inner hair cells (IHCs), mechanosensory cells with unusually large BK Ca currents. (jneurosci.org)
Structures of the TMC-1 complex illuminate mechanosensory transduction. (ohsu.edu)

Recent advances feature the identification of proteins constituting the mechanosensing machinery of hair bundles, how electromechanical amplification arises from prestin, novel mechanisms of signal transmission across specialized synapses and how supporting cells contribute to the homeostasis , maturation and regeneration of hair cell epithelia. (frontiersin.org)
Pure T-cell deficiencies are caused by defects in either a CD3 subunit (such as CD3 δ, CD3 ζ, CD3 ε ) or in CD45 tyrosine phosphatase, key proteins involved in pre-TCR and/or TCR signaling at the positive selection stage. (medscape.com)
Fujisawa Y, Kato H, Iwasaki Y (2001) Structure and function of heterotrimeric G proteins in plants. (springer.com)
These range from the 'biological' questions of which proteins interact with particular RNAs, what the consequences of these interactions are to the living cell, and how particular interactions evolved, to the more 'chemical' questions of how a specific functional group influences a macromolecular interaction or changes the structure of a macromolecule, and how a simple chemical reagent can be used to elucidate biological function. (carleton.edu)
GIPC3 couples to MYO6 and PDZ domain proteins, and shapes the hair cell apical region. (ohsu.edu)
Intracellular psoriasin has been found to interact with various signalling proteins, including the nuclear factor (NF)-kB regulator Jab1, while secreted psoriasin functions as an antimicrobial peptide and has the ability to induce chemotaxis of neutrophils and T cells (6). (medicaljournals.se)
cellular membrane has proteins-ionophores that allow certain ions IN - certain ions OUT, to keep the ionic concentration at a certain level for maintenance of that cell. (ionchannellibrary.com)
The BRAF , MAP2K1 , MAP2K2 , and KRAS genes provide instructions for making proteins that work together to transmit chemical signals from outside the cell to the cell's nucleus. (medlineplus.gov)
Myelinating Schwann cells form a myelin sheath around a single axon and express high levels of myelin-related proteins and messenger RNA (mRNA). (medscape.com)

The conversion of a mechanical stimulus into an electrical signal is known as mechano-electrical transduction (MET). (viewpoint.fr)
The non-linear mechano-electrical and electro-mechanical transduction processes are key aspects of the physiology where our understanding remains at a basic level. (southampton.ac.uk)
Mechano-electrical transduction constitutes the central part of the hearing process. (uni-goettingen.de)

My research focuses on characterizing the biophysics of synaptic transmission between hair cells and primary afferents in the vestibular system. (aro.org)
For many years an outstanding question in vestibular physiology was how the transduction current in the type I hair cell was sufficient, in the face of large conductances on at rest, to depolarize it to potentials necessary for conventional synaptic transmission with its unique afferent calyx. (aro.org)

In the inner ear, stereocilia are the mechanosensing organelles of hair cells, which respond to fluid motion in numerous types of animals for various functions, including hearing and balance. (wikipedia.org)
The hair cells turn the fluid pressure and other mechanical stimuli into electric stimuli via the many microvilli that make up stereocilia rods. (wikipedia.org)
Resembling hair-like projections, the stereocilia are arranged in bundles of 30-300. (wikipedia.org)
At the core of these hair-like stereocilia are rigid cross-linked actin filaments, which can renew every 48 hours. (wikipedia.org)
In hearing, stereocilia transform the mechanical energy of sound waves into electrical signals for the hair cells, which ultimately leads to an excitation of the auditory nerve. (wikipedia.org)
If the direction of movement is towards the taller stereocilia, tension develops in the tip links, mechanically opening transduction channels near the tips. (wikipedia.org)
Bending the stereocilia toward the kinocilium depolarizes the cell and results in increased afferent activity. (wikipedia.org)
Bending the stereocilia away from the kinocilium hyperpolarizes the cell and results in a decrease in afferent activity. (wikipedia.org)
In the semicircular canals, the hair cells are found in the crista ampullaris, and the stereocilia protrude into the ampullary cupula. (wikipedia.org)
The transduction channels associated with stereocilia are thought to lie at the distal ends of the stereocilia. (wikipedia.org)
Deflections of the stereocilia in the opposite direction toward the shortest stereocilia causes transduction channels to close. (wikipedia.org)
The shorter of these hair-like extensions are the stereocilia, and they are arranged in a staircase-like pattern next to a single large cilium known as a kinocilium. (viewpoint.fr)
Thanks to this, when the kinocilium moves, it makes all the stereocilia move as a single unit, called the hair bundle. (viewpoint.fr)
The movement of the hair bundle forces the opening of some channels placed at the tip of the stereocilia (tip links). (viewpoint.fr)
External stimuli like sound deflect the bundle, which leads to the opening of transduction channels when the deflection is toward the taller stereocilia, referred to as a positive stimulus. (silverchair.com)
The cells are adorned with height-ordered hair-like projections called stereocilia, which, when deflected toward the tallest member, set in motion a series of events that decodes sounds into a neural code. (hearingreview.com)
Waves move the basilar membrane but not the tectorial membrane resulting in conformational changes in the stereocilia of hair cells. (powershow.com)

This priority area includes omics research, such as proteomics and transcriptomics, and in vivo electrophysiology experiments, and laser doppler vibrometry recordings in guinea pig and rat models, to directly measure system mechanics, mechanosensitive receptor hair cell function, and neural activity. (asadnialab.com)

Hair cells and supporting cells of inner ear and lateral line sensory organs evolved from a common cell type to accommodate diverse forms of mechanical input. (frontiersin.org)
An interesting effect that was observed during the experiments with ru1000 mutants was that, on top of losing sensitivity for mechanical stimuli, Tmc1 and Tmc2b were absent of the hair bundle. (viewpoint.fr)
challenge the Holt-Géléoc-Griffith model, suggesting instead that the TMCs do not make up the transduction channel but instead couple those channels to tip links, the mechanical elements that impart directional sensitivity to hair cells. (silverchair.com)
Examining transduction in a Tmc1;Tmc2 double mutant, they found persistence of a conductance with properties very similar to those of the transduction channel, except that it is activated by mechanical deflections of the opposite polarity. (silverchair.com)
By searching Pubmed, CNKI, Wanfang and other large databases, this review summarizes the damage mechanisms of cochlear hair cells mainly involve the breakage of tip links, mechanical damage of the core of the ciliary fiber actin, synaptic damage, as well as Oxidative stress by ROS intervention system. (biomedgrid.com)
These damages may show up as the mechanical transduction complex of hair cells not functioning properly, the loss of certain ribbon synapses, or even the direct death of hair cells. (biomedgrid.com)
Similarly, A-967079 reduced the responses of WDR neurons to high-intensity mechanical stimulation (300 g von Frey hair) of the knee joint in both OA and OA-sham rats. (biomedcentral.com)
WDR neuronal responses to low-intensity mechanical stimulation (10 g von Frey hair) were also reduced by A-967079 administration to CFA-inflamed rats, but no effect was observed in uninjured rats. (biomedcentral.com)

Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species promote epidermal differentiation and hair follicle development. (nature.com)
The mitochondrial electron transport chain is dispensable for proliferation and differentiation of epidermal progenitor cells. (nature.com)
that critically influences cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis ( Miele and Osborne, 1999 ). (elifesciences.org)
A growing body of evidence shows that lncRNAs play important functional roles in diverse biological processes, such as epigenetic regulation, cell cycle regulation, cellular growth and differentiation, by regulating the level of target genes [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In psoriasis, the differentiation process of the epidermal cells is disturbed. (medicaljournals.se)
In a spectrum of conditions of dysregulated keratinocyte differentiation, we have previously demonstrated strong psoriasin expression in differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and a lack of expression in undifferentiated basalioma (9). (medicaljournals.se)
These molecular defects interfere with lymphocyte development and function, blocking the differentiation and proliferation of T cells and, in some types, of B cells and NK cells. (medscape.com)
It helps control the growth and division (proliferation) of cells, the process by which cells mature to carry out specific functions (differentiation), cell movement, and the self-destruction of cells (apoptosis). (medlineplus.gov)

The Asadnia Research Group is committed to understanding the fundamental operation of the inner ear, including the underlying biology of the auditory and vestibular system, as well as its fundamental physiology, in terms of transduction, and neural codes. (asadnialab.com)
check the tag ADOLESCENCE HN - 2008 BX - Nutrition in Adolescence FX - Adolescent Nutrition Physiology MH - Peritoneal Stomata UI - D054048 MN - A01.047.025.600.700 MN - A10.810 MS - Natural openings in the subdiaphragmatic lymphatic plexus in the PERITONEUM, delimited by adjacent mesothelial cells. (bvsalud.org)

There are two different types of fluid that surround the hair cells of the inner ear. (wikipedia.org)
We seek to highlight contemporary research into the function of sensory hair cells and supporting cells in diverse hair cell organs, with consideration of the major questions and impediments to full understanding of sensory processing in the inner ear. (frontiersin.org)
Hair cells, found in the inner ear and the lateral line organ, which is an organ specific to fish and amphibians, were also normal. (viewpoint.fr)
Fig. 1 A ). They showed that the TMC paralogs TMC1 and TMC2 are selectively expressed in the inner ear, appearing at the onset of transduction, and that at least one of them must be expressed for normal mechanotransduction. (silverchair.com)
Current multidisciplinary projects include the fabrication and characterization of biomimetic artificial hair cell sensors and artificial basilar membranes to recreate the sensitivity, place code and tonotopy of the mammalian inner ear, as well as the development of novel biosensors to detect putative biomarkers of pathology. (asadnialab.com)
These technologies have the capacity to complement our understanding of inner ear function and dysfunction, as well as the potential to serve as sensory system to integrate the brain with the auditory and vestibular scene. (asadnialab.com)
At first, Gleason and Hudspeth, head of the Laboratory of Sensory Neuroscience and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator, didn't detect any structural defects in the zebra fish's inner ear, which houses sound sensors called hair cells. (hearingreview.com)
Inner ear hair cells are a central component of the auditory system. (biomedgrid.com)
In the future, with the continuous focus of research hotspots, the mechanism of inner ear hair cell regeneration and the therapeutic drugs derived from it will gradually be explained clearly. (biomedgrid.com)

Defects occurring at the CLP stage or those affecting processes common to B- and T-cell development result in SCID involving B, T, and NK cells. (medscape.com)
These processes have left footprints in the genomic sequence that can be detected by bioinformatic methods and may help to interpret receptor function in the light of a given species in its environment. (springer.com)
The chapter summarizes evolutionary processes working on GPCR genes and sheds light on their consequences at the levels of receptor structure and function. (springer.com)
Antioxidants control cell division and growth, participate in signal transduction, and have a function in a variety of physiological processes, including immunological activation. (asianjpr.com)
These applicationswill expand as we learn more about transduction processes in the cochlea, and as we refine our recording approaches to make them more sensitive and reliable. (audiologyonline.com)
GO and KEGG analyses indicated that numerous DE lncRNAs might be involved in diverse biological processes related to phosphate, such as lipid metabolic processes, catalytic activity, cell membrane formation, signal transduction, and nitrogen fixation. (biomedcentral.com)

Comparative research on hair cells in diverse species drove early observations that formed a functional framework for subsequent molecular dissection. (frontiersin.org)
We encourage functional and molecular-genetic studies in the development, mature function, and aging of hair cell epithelia, as well as dysfunctions arising through genetic mutations or ototoxic drug treatment. (frontiersin.org)
Our research program is focused on the structure, function, pharmacology, and molecular genetics of ion channels. (northwestern.edu)
The molecular identity of the channel that mediates mechanotransduction by hair cells remains uncertain, despite being biophysically characterized since the late 1970s ( Corey and Hudspeth, 1979 ). (silverchair.com)
A recent study has identified the molecular pathway that, when activated, prompts hair growth from dormant hair follicles and, when blocked, prevents the growth of unwanted hair. (medicaldaily.com)
The long-term goal of my laboratory is to understand the role of cochlear outer hair cells in hearing and hearing loss both at the molecular and the systems level. (rochester.edu)
In order to serve as a guide for the future development of pertinent therapeutic interventions, this review provides a systematic overview of recent research progress on the mechanisms disclosing cochlear hair cell injury as well as a detailed account of the molecular pathways regulating mammalian hair cell regeneration. (biomedgrid.com)
It is the prototype of the primary immunodeficiency diseases and is caused by numerous molecular defects that lead to severe compromise in the number and function of T cells, B cells, and occasionally natural killer (NK) cells. (medscape.com)

However, we determined that a modified adenovirus [E1-,E3-, E2b-] could infect cochlear hair cells both in culture and in vivo with no loss of either transduction currents or cochlear function. (rochester.edu)
Hair cells are stimulated with a pressure-controlled water jet and a recording electrode is positioned next to the site of mechanotransduction in order to record microphonics-extracellular voltage changes due to currents through hair-cell mechanotransduction channels. (elsevierpure.com)
Another readout of the hair-cell activity is obtained by recording action currents from single afferent neurons in response to water-jet stimulation of innervated hair cells. (elsevierpure.com)

This, in turn, causes receptor depolarization and leads to the excitement of the cochlear nerve afferents that are located at the base of the hair cell. (wikipedia.org)
As an example, hair cells express different sets of ion channels that shape the frequency, gain and time course of receptor potentials to optimize sensitivity to sounds, head or body motions. (frontiersin.org)
To design and discover agents that block or enhance receptor action on cochlear outer hair cells, we are cloning neurotransmitter receptors expressed in the hair cells, and modulating expression of these receptors by viral-mediated gene transfer into the cochlea. (rochester.edu)
We have shown previously that extracellular psoriasin binds to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), promoting endothelial cell proliferation (8). (medicaljournals.se)
[ 5 ] Ideally, SCID can be detected in a newborn before the onset of infections, with one well-documented example by screening of T-cell-receptor excision circles. (medscape.com)
In X-linked SCID, loss of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) function leads to the loss of a lymphocyte proliferation signal. (medscape.com)

In wild-type hair cells, the transduction channel is located in the hair bundle, the mechanically sensitive structure decorating the apical surface of the cell. (silverchair.com)

Tip links are analogous to tiny springs, which, when stretched, open cation selective channels thus allowing ions to flow across the cell membrane into the hair cells. (wikipedia.org)
The actin filaments anchor to the terminal web and the top of the cell membrane and are arranged in grade of height. (wikipedia.org)
When tension increases, the flow of ions across the membrane into the hair cell rises as well. (wikipedia.org)
This surprising result raises the possibility that the transduction channel is a membrane protein distinct from TMC1 and TMC2 that only becomes functional as the transduction channel once other key molecules, like the TMCs and tip-link cadherins, are expressed. (silverchair.com)
Thus, suppressing PA production by inhibiting either PLD or DGK activity compromised membrane trafficking except early endocytosis, disrupted tip-localized deposition of cell wall material, especially pectins, and inhibited pollen tube growth. (frontiersin.org)
As you know, all living cells have a lipid plasma membrane surrounding the cytoplasm and in this way separating the cell interior from the extracellular space. (ionchannellibrary.com)

At the same time, the mechanism of hair cell regeneration may be related to gene regulation and epigenetic mechanism. (biomedgrid.com)

We found that adeno-associated virus (AAV) was able to deliver mRNAs to blood vessels and certain nerve fibers of the cochlea, but was not able to infect cochlear hair cells using a variety of promoter constructs. (rochester.edu)
We found that first-generation adenovirus [E1-, E3-] could infect cochlear hair cells, yet was ototoxic, similar to the toxicity observed in cultured hair cells. (rochester.edu)
Investigating the mechanisms underlying hearing loss and regeneration caused by cochlear hair cells is therefore crucial from a clinical standpoint. (biomedgrid.com)

A serendipitous discovery of deaf zebra fish larvae has helped narrow down the function of an elusive protein necessary for hearing and balance. (hearingreview.com)
Here, we describe methods for recording hair-cell microphonics and activity of afferent neurons using intact zebrafish larvae. (elsevierpure.com)
The recordings are performed by immobilizing and mounting larvae for optimal stimulation of lateral-line hair cells. (elsevierpure.com)
In ﬁfth-instar larvae just three hairs they will be deﬂected in their least sensitive directions. (docslib.org)

Finally, we identify small molecules that increase lactate production by stimulating Myc levels or inhibiting Mpc1 carrier activity and can topically induce the hair cycle. (nature.com)
The properties of this lipid bilayer are such that it allows only certain molecules to enter or leave the cell. (ionchannellibrary.com)
Deficiencies are highly variable with regard to symptoms, phenotype, genotype, severity, etc, because many cells and molecules are required for both natural and adaptive immunity . (lu.se)

Compulsive behaviors impair functioning in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and related disorders. (eurekalert.org)
Immunodeficiencies impair the functioning of the immune system. (lu.se)

The endolymph is the fluid that surrounds the apical surfaces of hair cells. (wikipedia.org)
To achieve this, pollen tubes perform a specialized type of cell expansion called "tip growth" in which all growth occurs in a single region, the apical part of the tip-growing cell. (frontiersin.org)

Notch signaling dictates cell fate decisions in mammalian cells including megakaryocytes. (elifesciences.org)
Recent studies indicate that the mammalian cochlea would only regenerate during embryonic development and early neonatal period, while adult hair cells lack this ability [5,6]. (biomedgrid.com)

Methods: Network pharmacology combined with the gene expression omnibus chip method to analyze the main pathways by which S.chinensis combined with CQ10 functioned to treat heart failure. (bvsalud.org)

2023) Cell Reports . (ohsu.edu)

Zebra fish born with it develop intact hair cells (red dots, top) needed to translate sound waves into electrical pulses. (hearingreview.com)
Describe the transduction of sound waves and the maintenance of sound properties. (powershow.com)

It's a cofactor for enzymes that control photosynthesis, hormone manufacturing, and the regeneration of other cells. (asianjpr.com)

Specifically, we are interested in agents that block or enhance the action of receptors on outer hair cells of the cochlea, which enhance hearing or decrease hearing loss. (rochester.edu)
Using the guinea pig as an experimental animal model, we have isolated clones for neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) present on cochlear outer hair cells. (rochester.edu)
For example, how do the 3000 rows of active outer hair cells interact with each other and with other cochlear structures to amplify the waves in the cochlea that allow us to hear? (southampton.ac.uk)
Generated predominantly by the outer hair cells of the organ of Corti. (audiologyonline.com)

Neuroimaging and neurophysiological studies have shown that listening to and/or playing music has multiple effects on brain structure and function, suggesting a biological effect. (bmj.com)

Ea E (2000) Pheromone response, mating and cell biology. (springer.com)
Methods in cell biology , 100 (C), 219-231. (elsevierpure.com)
Trapani, JG & Nicolson, T 2010, ' Physiological recordings from zebrafish lateral-line hair cells and afferent neurons ', Methods in cell biology , vol. 100, no. (elsevierpure.com)
In Biology and Carleton's Neuroscience concentration , he teaches Neurobiology, Cell Biology, and part of Introductory Biology. (carleton.edu)

Besides pollen tubes, other cell types such as root hairs, fungal hyphae, and neuronal cells likewise elongate by tip growth, sharing conserved mechanisms that bring about this type of growth. (frontiersin.org)

Morris, R. J. & Potten, C. S. Highly persistent label-retaining cells in the hair follicles of mice and their fate following induction of anagen. (nature.com)
Vitamin A can mop up these reactive radicals and prevent them from damaging the cells of the hair follicles. (progressivehealth.com)
Healthy circulation improves the hair follicles' ability to function which is crucial to avoiding hair loss. (progressivehealth.com)
Applying a vitamin A solution to the scalp can aid in improving the health of the scalp and hair follicles. (progressivehealth.com)
A body that is balanced has a steady supply of the vitamins and nutrients that help it function properly, including the scalp and hair follicles. (progressivehealth.com)
Not to mention this also aids in causing the hair follicles to be healthier which means less lost hair and improved hair growth. (progressivehealth.com)

In collaboration with Dr. Art, I overcame the technical challenges of simultaneously recording from type I hair cells and their enveloping calyx afferent to investigate this question. (aro.org)
Sympathetic ganglia comprises the thousands of afferent and efferent nerve cell bodies that run along either side of the spinal cord, connecting major organ systems, such as the renal system, to the spinal cord and brain. (nih.gov)
We addressed the function of BK Ca by recording sound-induced responses of afferent auditory nerve (AN) fibers from mice with a targeted deletion of the pore-forming α-subunit of BK Ca ( BKα −/− ) and comparing these with voltage responses of current-clamped IHCs. (jneurosci.org)

Each of these layers is characterized by specific features in terms of gene expression, function and cellular mor-phology (1). (medicaljournals.se)

increased K conductance depolarizes cell, opening vg-Ca channels, and increases transmitter release. (powershow.com)
Of course, Armstrong understands well that all the systems of the cell/organism are important, and we cannot do well without any of them, but he also really believes that ion channels hold a special place in our body. (ionchannellibrary.com)
By providing the pathway for ions to enter/exit the cell, ion channels and transporters eliminate this critical osmotic problem and allow for acute volume regulation. (ionchannellibrary.com)
Another vital function of ion channels and transporters is that they make our cells, and hence our organism, electrically active. (ionchannellibrary.com)

He further posited that neurons function as information processing units, using electrical impulses to communicate within functional networks. (nih.gov)

Unique among human sensory receptors, the ear's hair cells are not passive, but use an active process that results in a thousandfold amplification of auditory stimuli. (eurekalert.org)
In insects, plate, so that its hairs are continuously deﬂected, prevents the different classes of sensory receptors act in parallel to signal transition from stance to swing by maintaining the leg in any change that occurs in the position of a leg joint. (docslib.org)

Cations from the endolymph flow into the cell, depolarizing the hair cell and triggering the release of neurotransmitters to nearby nerves, which send an electrical signal to the central nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
Such influx of ions causes a depolarization of the cell, resulting in an electrical potential that ultimately leads to a signal for the auditory nerve and the brain. (wikipedia.org)
Sensory signal transduction, the process by which the features of external stimuli are encoded into action potentials, is a complex process that is not fully understood. (elsevierpure.com)

Secondary B-cell lymphopoiesis is an antigen-dependent process that occurs in the germinal centers of peripheral lymphoid organs with specific antibody production. (medscape.com)
Secondary T-cell lymphopoiesis is also antigen-dependent and occurs in the thymus. (medscape.com)
Identify the route of sound to the ear and where transduction occurs. (powershow.com)

However, it is susceptible to genetic defects, noise exposure, ototoxic drugs, and aging, because mammals have limited ability to regenerate spontaneously, hair cell loss or damage may lead to permanent hearing loss. (biomedgrid.com)

Comparison of the results showed that the combination of S.chinensis and CQ10 was more effective compared with CQ10 alone, ie, the ability of S.chinensis combined with CQ10 in improving cardiac function, inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis and reducing inflammatory response lies in the synergistic effect of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. (bvsalud.org)

They are responsible for MET in hair cells of the lateral line organ, an organ specific to fish and amphibians. (viewpoint.fr)
The complex spiral organ structure of these cells makes them more susceptible to getting damaged, which can result in permanent hearing loss [7]. (biomedgrid.com)

The inside of the hair cell has a negative intracellular potential of -60 millivolts with respect to the perilymph and -140 millivolts with respect to the endolymph. (britannica.com)
Without controlling the intracellular ion concentrations, any cell will not stand the osmotic stress and will either swell to death or shrink to death, depending on the osmotic gradient. (ionchannellibrary.com)

At the ultra-structural level, we specifically show that these mutant defects map to a very specific cog in the transduction machinery," says Gleason. (hearingreview.com)
[ 4 ] Skin infections were significantly more prevalent in those with congenital defects in phagocyte number, function, or both, as well as in those with well-defined immunodeficiencies. (medscape.com)
1) Antibody deficiency disorders are defects in immunoglobulin-producing B cells . (lu.se)

Hair cells in the vestibular system are slightly different from those in the auditory system, in that vestibular hair cells have one tallest cilium, termed the kinocilium. (wikipedia.org)

In this situation, the hair cells become hyperpolarized and the nerve afferents are not excited. (wikipedia.org)
For example, hair plate afferents from one leg segment moves relative to another (Pringle, 1938). (docslib.org)
trochanteral hair plates of the stick insect are of two distinct Hair plates play a major role in the coordination and control physiological types: type I afferents that respond phasically to of walking. (docslib.org)
Ablation of a hair plate located on the trochanter imposed displacements of their hair and type 2 afferents that of a metathoracic leg of a cockroach (Wong and Pearson, 1976) respond tonically to maintained deﬂections (Cruse et al. (docslib.org)

These studies suggest that acetylcholine is an important neurotransmitter in regulating hearing function, and that the cochlear nAChR is a candidate for therapeutic intervention to prevent hearing damage. (rochester.edu)
You might be a candidate for fluridil if you are male with AGA (as the data isn't sufficient for females with AGA), are comfortable with using a product that has very limited efficacy or safety data, have potentially seen results using other anti-androgens (such as finasteride), and don't mind limiting hair washing to once or twice a week. (perfecthairhealth.com)

The lateral-line system in zebrafish serves as an ideal platform to examine encoding of stimuli by sensory hair cells. (elsevierpure.com)
When combined, these techniques make it possible to probe the function of the lateral-line sensory system in an intact zebrafish using controlled, repeatable, physiological stimuli. (elsevierpure.com)

We invite primary papers, review papers or commentaries that provide insight into hair cell or supporting cell function and dysfunction - dynamic or homeostatic, and from a diversity of approaches and model organisms and hair cell organs. (frontiersin.org)
a major loss or dysfunction in T cells can cause secondary B-cell deficiency, resulting in a clinical disorder that manifests as a combined B- and T-cell deficiency. (medscape.com)

The ways in which these models may be useful clinically are: to aid the development of treatments, or prostheses for hearing impairment, to improve our ability to interpret clinical results (such as measurements of otoacoustic emissions or electrophysiology), to aid the development of new clinical tests of cochlear function. (southampton.ac.uk)
During postembryonic During extension movements, they will be deﬂected in their development, no tibial hair plate hairs are present in the most sensitive directions while during ﬂexion movements ﬁrst four larval stages. (docslib.org)
The many roles of dystroglycan in nervous system development and function: Dystroglycan and neural circuit development. (ohsu.edu)
The Wnt pathway activates target genes by controlling the β-catenin-T-cell factor (TCF) transcriptional complex during embryonic development and cancer. (xenbase.org)
Rspo2 function is essential for anterior development. (xenbase.org)
In human males, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues, such as the testis and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics, such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair. (cdc.gov)

Using tobacco pollen tubes as a model, we addressed the signaling effects of PA by probing the functions of three most relevant enzymes that regulate the production and degradation of PA, namely, phospholipases D (PLD), diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs), and lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPPs). (frontiersin.org)

Antibody production is severely impaired even when mature B cells are present, because of the lack of T-cell help. (medscape.com)
3) T cell deficiencies result usually in combined immunodeficiencies (CIDs), where both T cells and antibody production are defective. (lu.se)

Electron micrographs of two hair cell bundles in the zebra fish ear show the difference between those born with (left) and without (right) the protein Tmie. (hearingreview.com)

According to the type of defect that leads to a SCID phenotype, Combined B- and T-cell disorders can be divided into specific groups with unique pathophysiologies that invariably result in an absence of nonfunctional B cells and absence of T cells (see Table 1). (medscape.com)
Conclusion: We propose that a homozygous loss-of-function variant in EMC10 causes a novel syndromic neurodevelopmental phenotype. (northwestern.edu)

And, in the opposite direction, if Tmie levels were increased, this led to an increase in Tmc1 and Tmc2b in the hair bundle. (viewpoint.fr)
Evidence suggests that Tmie is important for Tmc1 and Tmc2b presence in the hair bundle. (viewpoint.fr)

The gene had two mutations, resulting in a severely shortened protein that affected the function of the hair-like sensors, leading to hearing loss. (hearingreview.com)
HCs and SGNs serve as crucial sensors for aud itory function, with the former responsible for converting external sound signals into electrical impulses that are transmitted to the brainstem via SGNs [4]. (biomedgrid.com)

By integrating these chromatin "signals to promoters" data and transcriptomics data (analysis of RNA transcripts of brain cells from many individuals), we have shown the possibility of discovering new genes that have not yet been annotated. (vechnayamolodost.ru)

Discover the 14 vitamins that help hair loss and prevent it from returning. (progressivehealth.com)
Often, hair loss can be treated, and in many cases, just following a healthy diet that is loaded with certain vitamins (like biotin) for hair loss can help. (progressivehealth.com)
Both men and women need to have plenty of certain vitamins and nutrients in their diets to avoid hair loss , and these can be found in many foods and dietary supplements. (progressivehealth.com)
Many people don't know a whole lot about vitamins for hair loss and the role they play in our health. (progressivehealth.com)
Dry hair will eventually start to break, and when hair is broken and unhealthy, it can often lead to permanent hair loss. (progressivehealth.com)
This also contributes to the prevention of hair loss because a well-oiled skin signifies a well-nourished skin. (progressivehealth.com)
Since Vitamin A supplementation requires a fine balance in order not to worsen hair loss, the recommended dosage of the vitamin in the treatment of alopecia is usually between 5,000 and 25,000 IU per day. (progressivehealth.com)
Before deciding on what hair loss vitamins, herbs, or other supplements you want to add to your daily regimen to try to prevent and reverse hair loss, you should know what exactly you are taking and what it can do. (progressivehealth.com)
Users should also be aware, however, that too much Vitamin A can result in the loss of hair. (progressivehealth.com)
It is important when using a vitamin A hair loss method to have a healthy balance of this vitamin. (progressivehealth.com)
Many who use Vitamin A for hair loss see results and there are other benefits like healthier skin, as well. (progressivehealth.com)
As you know Vitamin A, in addition to other vitamins such as Vitamin B, Vitamin C are beneficial to promoting overall better health which can help the body to work to prevent hair loss and encourage growth. (progressivehealth.com)
Studies have shown healthy circulation is vital towards being able to prevent hair loss and eventually see hair regrowth. (progressivehealth.com)
Vit C deficiency leads to scurvy and its low concentration raises susceptibility to infections, loosening of teeth, dry mouth, as well as eyes, loss of hair, itching of skin, and so on. (asianjpr.com)
Although the etiologies of hearing loss are diverse, hair cell (HC) damage and/or loss as well as spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) degeneration represent the most common causes. (biomedgrid.com)
Fluridil, otherwise known as topilutamide (or by the brand name Eucapil) is a topical medication that has been tested as a treatment for both androgenetic hair loss and hirsutism (excess facial hair growth in women). (perfecthairhealth.com)

On his work table sit the microscopes through which he viewed cell structures, the art supplies that he used to render what he saw, and what appears to be a glass of sherry. (nih.gov)

Although normally dormant, hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) quickly become activated to divide during a new hair cycle. (nature.com)
Mitochondrial function in murine skin epithelium is crucial for hair follicle morphogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. (nature.com)
The antioxidant properties of Vitamin A are especially useful for the protection of hair follicle cells. (progressivehealth.com)
Vitamin A is a key player in stimulating healthy growth in hair, skin, and nails, and in fact, helps regulate certain aspects of the hair follicle. (progressivehealth.com)
HN - 2008 BX - Von Ebner's Glands MH - Cumulus Cells UI - D054885 MN - A05.360.319.114.630.535.200.500 MN - A06.407.312.497.535.300.500 MN - A11.436.300.500 MS - The granulosa cells of the cumulus oophorus which surround the OVUM in the GRAAFIAN FOLLICLE. (bvsalud.org)

Results: A homozygous variant EMC10 c.287delG (Refseq NM_206538.3, p.Gly96Alafs*9) segregated with affected individuals in each family, who exhibited a phenotypic spectrum of intellectual disability (ID) and global developmental delay (GDD), variable seizures and variable dysmorphic features (elongated face, curly hair, cubitus valgus, and arachnodactyly). (northwestern.edu)

Researchers found that in the first 3 months, there was a significant increase in the number of growing hairs, and a significant decrease in the number of non-growing hair, with no effects on testosterone levels or perceived sexual libido and function. (perfecthairhealth.com)

In sum, when the surrounding fluid moves, it makes the kinocilium move and, consequently, the hair bundle with it. (viewpoint.fr)

The reader is urged to review this literature to gain a better understanding and appreciation of the specific features of these potentials and their relevance to hearing function. (audiologyonline.com)

Anatomy45

Organisms15

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs68

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Phenomena and Processes45

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Mechanoelectrical transduction1

Mechanosensory2

Proteins9

Mechano-electrical3

Synaptic transmission2

Stereocilia17

Mechanosensitive1

Mechanical8

Differentiation8

Physiology2

Inner ear9

Processes6

Molecular8

Currents3

Receptor6

Mechanically1

Membrane6

Mechanism1

Cochlear hair cells3

Larvae4

Molecules3

Impair2

Apical2

Mammalian2

Pathways1

20231

Sound waves2

Regeneration1

Outer hair cells4

Biological1

Biology4

Neuronal1

Follicles6

Afferent3

Cellular1

Channels4

Neurons1

Sensory receptors2

Signal3

Occurs3

Mammals1

Apoptosis1

Organ2

Intracellular2

Defects3

Vestibular system1

Afferents4

Candidate2

Lateral2

Dysfunction2

Development6

Lipid1

Antibody production2

Bundles1

Phenotype2

Tmc12

Sensors2

Possibility1

Loss16

Structures1

Follicle5

Curly hair1

Decrease1

Kinocilium1

Potentials1