DiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and Processes
TheophyllineAminophyllineTheobromineXanthinesBronchodilator AgentsDelayed-Action PreparationsPhosphodiesterase InhibitorsAdenosinePurinergic P1 Receptor AntagonistsEnoxacinDrug InteractionsCaffeineCyclic AMPBucladesineLung Diseases, ObstructiveAsthmaReceptors, Purinergic4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinoneAlbuterolTerahertz SpectroscopyCytochrome P-450 CYP1A2ProcaterolAdministration, Oral
BronchodilatorAsthmaCaffeineTabletsMethylxanthineTheobromineMethylxanthinesTake theophyllineSerum theophyllinePharmacokineticsCOPDUniphylTherapeuticChronicBronchodilationMechanism of ActAnhydrousAdenosineEthylenediamineIntravenousAllergicBronchialSodiumSevereMedicationsRespiratoryMedicationDextroseLeukotrieneAminophyllineSignificantlyCapsuleToxicityAlbuterolTabletAcuteRelievesSubstancesExtensivelySide effectsCharacteristicsDosageContractionAirwaysEffectsLungBronchodilatorsTreatPregnantChestStomachTreatment
Bronchodilator7
  • While the mechanisms of action of theophylline are not known with certainty, studies in animals suggest that bronchodilatation is mediated by the inhibition of two isozymes of phosphodiesterase (PDE III and, to a lesser extent, PDE IV) while non-bronchodilator prophylactic actions are probably mediated through one or more different molecular mechanisms, that do not involve inhibition of PDE III or antagonism of adenosine receptors. (nih.gov)
  • First and foremost, theophylline is a bronchodilator but also has many molecular-level actions that still may be useful in the treatment of airway disease. (medscape.com)
  • Theophylline is a bronchodilator that people typically take as tablets. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Theophylline ER (Extended-release) is a bronchodilator used to open air passages in the lungs. (californiapetpharmacy.com)
  • Theophylline is a bronchodilator medication that is used to relax smooth muscles in the airway and reduce inflammation. (hardypaw.com)
  • Theophylline is a bronchodilator and a member of the drug class methylxanthine. (asthmasymptoms.org)
  • Quibron-T (Theophylline) is a bronchodilator used to treat the symptoms of asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. (us.org)
Asthma14
  • There is conflicting information about the value of theophylline and other methylxanthines as prophylaxis against exercise-induced asthma. (wikipedia.org)
  • Theophylline is used to prevent and treat wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness caused by asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and other lung diseases. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Theophylline controls symptoms of asthma and other lung diseases but does not cure them. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Aminophylline and theophylline are medicines used to treat lung diseases such as asthma. (nih.gov)
  • Theophylline is widely used in therapy of asthma and is not believed to cause liver injury. (nih.gov)
  • Theophylline is a methylxanthine indicated to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (affygility.com)
  • Although once used extensively, theophylline is currently infrequently prescribed for asthma, mainly because it requires careful monitoring of blood levels to avoid side effects and because other asthma medications often work as well or better. (healthychildren.org)
  • Theo-24 (theophylline) is used to treat the signs and symptoms of asthma as well as reversible airflow restriction brought on by chronic asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (kuikdose.com)
  • Theophylline is used in the treatment of heart failure, asthma, bronchitis, and pulmonary edema. (californiapetpharmacy.com)
  • Theophylline ER is used in the treatment of heart failure, pulmonary edema, bronchial asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (californiapetpharmacy.com)
  • Theophylline is primarily used to treat asthma in dogs. (hardypaw.com)
  • Theophylline is an older prescription medication used for the long-term control of asthma as well as other lung problems such as emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD. (asthmasymptoms.org)
  • From an earlier generation of asthma treatment medications, today theophylline is rarely used by itself as a long-term asthma control medication. (asthmasymptoms.org)
  • Generic albuterol & theophylline tablet is used to treat asthma. (safemeds4all.com)
Caffeine11
Tablets2
Methylxanthine4
  • Theophylline is structurally classified as a methylxanthine. (nih.gov)
  • This "Breaking News from CNN" is going viral on WhatsApp, claiming that Theophylline, Theobromine and Methylxanthine can cure or prevent COVID-19! (techarp.com)
  • The chemical Methylxanthine , Theobromine and Theophylline stimulate compounds that can ward off these virus in a human with atleast an average immune system. (techarp.com)
  • Theophylline is metabolized in the liver by the hepatic P450 system enzymes CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 into its metabolites 1,3-dimethyluric acid, 1-methyluric acid, and 3-methylxanthine before being excreted in the urine. (medscape.com)
Theobromine1
  • Other Methylxanthines found in COFFEE are two chemically similar compounds, Theobromine and Theophylline. (techarp.com)
Methylxanthines2
  • Theophylline and other methylxanthines are often used for their performance-enhancing effects in sports, as these drugs increase alertness, bronchodilation, and increase the rate and force of heart contraction. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1 Theophylline belongs to the group of medications known as methylxanthines. (kuikdose.com)
Take theophylline3
  • Take theophylline exactly as directed. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Continue to take theophylline even if you feel well. (medlineplus.gov)
  • When you take theophylline, you must take blood tests to ensure you're receiving the proper amount of medicine. (clevelandclinic.org)
Serum theophylline5
  • Bronchodilation occurs over the serum theophylline concentration range of 5-20 mcg/mL. (nih.gov)
  • In general, maintaining peak serum theophylline concentrations between 10 and 15 mcg/mL will achieve most of the drug's potential therapeutic benefit while minimizing the risk of serious adverse events. (nih.gov)
  • It is, therefore, recommended that serum theophylline concentrations be measured frequently in acutely ill patients (e.g., at 24-hour intervals) and periodically in patients receiving long-term therapy, e.g., at 6-12 month intervals. (nih.gov)
  • High serum theophylline levels increase the risk of toxicity. (medscape.com)
  • In order to accurately measure serum theophylline levels after oral administration, blood should be drawn 3 days after the initiation of therapy or dose change, when the steady-state peak blood concentration has been reached. (medscape.com)
Pharmacokinetics1
  • The pharmacokinetics of theophylline vary widely among similar patients and cannot be predicted by age, sex, body weight or other demographic characteristics. (nih.gov)
COPD2
  • We conclude that theophylline has clinically significant benefits in patients with severe COPD. (nih.gov)
  • However, doctors in the United States do not commonly prescribe theophylline for COPD. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Uniphyl3
  • Theophylline - Uniphyl / Theophylline Drug Name: Theophylline Brand Name: Uniphyl® Medicine Use: Long-term control Type of Medicine: Theophylline Form: Tablet Prescribing Info: Possible Side Effects:Nausea/vomitingStomach painHeadacheTrouble. (aafa.org)
  • Theophylline is sold under the brand names Theolair, Uniphyl, and Elixophylline. (asthmasymptoms.org)
  • Theophylline (Uniphyl®) is available as a pill that you take with water. (clevelandclinic.org)
Therapeutic3
  • The reference therapeutic ranges of theophylline are listed below. (medscape.com)
  • Serum values of theophylline that fall within the established reference ranges allow for the desired therapeutic effect while minimizing the drug's side effects. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] It also lets the clinician know when the dose of theophylline can be adjusted within this range to achieve a therapeutic effect if the patient is still experiencing symptoms. (medscape.com)
Chronic2
  • Horita N, Miyazawa N, Kojima R, Inoue M, Ishigatsubo Y, Kaneko T. Chronic Use of Theophylline and Mortality in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Meta-analysis. (medscape.com)
  • Case Report: The risks associated with chronic theophylline therapy and measures designed to improve monitoring and management. (medscape.com)
Bronchodilation1
  • Theophylline is an orally administered xanthine derivative that induces relaxation of smooth muscle in the bronchial tree causing bronchodilation. (nih.gov)
Mechanism of Act1
  • There is no single accepted mechanism of action for theophylline, although many have been proposed. (medscape.com)
Anhydrous5
  • The molecular formula of anhydrous theophylline is C 7 H 8 N 4 0 2 with a molecular weight of 180.17. (nih.gov)
  • THEOPHYLLINE ORAL SOLUTION, USP is available as a liquid intended for oral administration, containing 80 mg of theophylline anhydrous in each 15 mL (tablespoonful). (nih.gov)
  • 250 mg: Each white, round, sustained-release tablet, "3M" imprint on one face, "SR-250" bisect score on the other face, contains: theophylline (anhydrous) 250 mg. (rxmed.com)
  • For Strength 1, shall contain 100 mg of Anhydrous Theophylline per capsule, within the applicable assay limits for the capsules. (emilspec.com)
  • The capsules must be considered by the FDA to be therapeutically equivalent with Anhydrous Theophylline Capsules by Searle Laboratories at the same dosage and administration schedule. (emilspec.com)
Adenosine5
  • Theophylline, also known as 1,3-dimethylxanthine, is a drug that inhibits phosphodiesterase and blocks adenosine receptors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some of the adverse effects associated with theophylline appear to be mediated by inhibition of PDE III (e.g., hypotension, tachycardia, headache, and emesis) and adenosine receptor antagonism (e.g., alterations in cerebral blood flow). (nih.gov)
  • Theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine) is an adenosine receptor antagonist and may act by reducing intracranial blood flow and venous engorgement. (medscape.com)
  • Effects of adenosine and theophylline on canine tracheal smooth muscle tone. (nih.gov)
  • Theophylline also appears to increase the force of contraction of diaphragmatic muscles through enhancement of calcium uptake through adenosine-mediated channels. (affygility.com)
Ethylenediamine2
  • Please note, this OEL/ADE monograph also applies to theophylline hydrate (CAS RN 5967-84-0), theophylline magnesium (CAS RN 12286-42-9), theophylline sodium (CAS RN 3485-82-3), theophylline olamine (CAS RN 573-41-1), theophylline isopropanolamine (CAS RN 5600-19-1), theophylline sodium acetate (CAS RN 8002-89-9), theophylline ethylenediamine (CAS RN 5768-49-0), and theophylline sodium glycinate (CAS RN 8000-10-0). (affygility.com)
  • Aminophylline is a drug combination that contains theophylline and ethylenediamine (EDTA) in 2:1 ratio. (guidetoimmunopharmacology.org)
Intravenous2
  • ISTANBUL, Turkey - Intravenous (IV) theophylline promptly relieves the common problem of headache after lumbar puncture, according to the results of a small study. (medscape.com)
  • THEOPHYLLINE IN 5% DEXTROSE is a Respiratory drug manufactured by B. Braun and administered via the Intravenous route of administration. (buyandbill.com)
Allergic2
  • tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to theophylline, any other medications, or any of the ingredients in theophylline preparations. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If any of the following serious side effects occur, stop giving Theophylline ER and seek emergency veterinary medical attention: an allergic reaction such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the lips, tongue, face, or hives. (californiapetpharmacy.com)
Bronchial1
  • Effect of theophylline and enprofylline on bronchial hyperresponsiveness. (nih.gov)
Sodium1
  • THEOPHYLLINE ORAL SOLUTION, USP also contains the following inactive ingredients: citric acid, sodium saccharin, sodium benzoate, glycerin, propylene glycol, FD and C Red #40, natural and artificial fruity flavor and purified water. (nih.gov)
Severe3
  • Charytan D, Jansen K. Severe metabolic complications from theophylline intoxication. (medscape.com)
  • Stop giving theophylline and call your veterinarian at once if any of the following side effects occur: seizures, severe nausea and vomiting, and restlessness, coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds, urinating more than normal. (californiapetpharmacy.com)
  • Theophylline has been associated with some severe side effects that require medical attention. (asthmasymptoms.org)
Medications4
  • Many other medications may also interact with theophylline, so be sure to tell your doctor about all the medications you are taking, even those that do not appear on this list. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Sometimes theophylline is used in addition to other medications to achieve or improve symptom management. (asthmasymptoms.org)
  • Theophylline may also cause certain cold and flu medications to work less effectively. (asthmasymptoms.org)
  • For these reasons, patients starting theophylline should be sure to give their doctors and pharmacists a complete list of their current medications - both prescription and over-the-counter medications. (asthmasymptoms.org)
Respiratory1
  • Theophylline is designed to control respiratory symptoms and may keep them from appearing altogether. (asthmasymptoms.org)
Medication1
  • This is because theophylline has a high rate of side effects, requires routine blood monitoring to make sure that the amount in the bloodstream is effective and is less effective as a single-drug therapy than other classes of medication used to treat lung disease. (asthmasymptoms.org)
Dextrose1
  • Researchers administered theophylline, 200 mg in 100 mL of IV 5% dextrose, over 40 minutes. (medscape.com)
Leukotriene1
  • Physicians usually try other options such as inhaled steroids and leukotriene modifiers before prescribing theophylline. (asthmasymptoms.org)
Aminophylline1
Significantly5
  • In addition, certain concurrent illnesses and alterations in normal physiology (see Table I ) and co-administration of other drugs (see Table II ) can significantly alter the pharmacokinetic characteristics of theophylline. (nih.gov)
  • More frequent measurements should be made in the presence of any condition that may significantly alter theophylline clearance (see PRECAUTIONS, Laboratory tests ). (nih.gov)
  • Theophylline significantly improved gas exchange during rest, exercise, and sleep. (nih.gov)
  • Sleep quality, however, was significantly impaired on theophylline. (nih.gov)
  • The hemodialysis clearance of 39.4 ml/ kg/hr was comparable to two other reports and indicated that theophylline was significantly hemodialyzed. (uky.edu)
Capsule2
  • Theophylline comes as an extended-release (long-acting) tablet, extended-release capsule, and a solution (liquid) to take by mouth. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Pill with imprint IL 3634 is White / Clear, Capsule-shape and has been identified as Theophylline Extended-Release 200 mg. (drugs.com)
Toxicity3
  • Fisher J, Graudins A. Intermittent haemodialysis and sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED) for acute theophylline toxicity. (medscape.com)
  • Seneff M, Scott J, Friedman B, Smith M. Acute theophylline toxicity and the use of esmolol to reverse cardiovascular instability. (medscape.com)
  • Kearney TE, Manoguerra AS, Curtis GP, Ziegler MG. Theophylline toxicity and the beta-adrenergic system. (medscape.com)
Albuterol1
Tablet2
  • [ 7 ] Once this steady state has been achieved, theophylline levels should be measured 1-2 hours after administration of an oral solution or immediate-release tablet or 4-12 hours after administration of an extended-release tablet. (medscape.com)
  • Theophylline ER is sold per tablet and requires a prescription from your veterinarian. (californiapetpharmacy.com)
Acute2
  • The reference range of theophylline in the treatment of acute bronchospasm in adults is 10-15 µg/mL. (medscape.com)
  • The hemodialysis clearance, total body clearance off dialysis, and protein binding for theophylline were determined in a 64-year-old cigarette-smoking male in acute renal failure. (uky.edu)
Relieves1
  • Theophylline also has anti-inflammatory properties, which relieves airway spasms and reduces swelling. (hardypaw.com)
Substances2
  • Avoid large amounts of these substances while you are taking theophylline. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Theophylline 200 mg is not a controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA). (drugs.com)
Extensively1
  • Theophylline does not undergo any appreciable pre-systemic elimination, distributes freely into fat-free tissues and is extensively metabolized in the liver. (nih.gov)
Side effects3
  • Theophylline may cause side effects. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A person taking theophylline needs periodic blood tests to check whether levels of the drug are high enough to be effective but low enough to prevent serious side effects. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The most common side effects of theophylline are gastro-intestinal and include an upset stomach, stomach pain, diarrhea and sometimes vomiting. (asthmasymptoms.org)
Characteristics1
  • Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Theophylline Exposures between 1993 and 2011. (medscape.com)
Dosage1
  • Overview Theophylline is rapidly and completely absorbed after oral administration in solution or immediate-release solid oral dosage form. (nih.gov)
Contraction1
  • Theophylline increases the force of contraction of diaphragmatic muscles. (nih.gov)
Airways2
  • Theophylline, usually taken by mouth as a timed-release pill, opens up the airways for an extended period. (healthychildren.org)
  • Theophylline causes the smooth muscles in the lungs to relax, allowing airways to dilate. (hardypaw.com)
Effects1
  • Chromosomal effects of theophylline measured in mouse marrow cells in vivo. (nih.gov)
Lung1
  • Theophylline treats and prevents symptoms of lung disease such as wheezing, feeling short of air, and tightening of the chest. (asthmasymptoms.org)
Bronchodilators2
  • Theophylline and selective PDE inhibitors as bronchodilators and smooth muscle relaxants. (nih.gov)
  • There are three main types of bronchodilators: beta 2-agonists, anticholinergics and theophylline. (clevelandclinic.org)
Treat1
  • Theophylline is sometimes used to treat breathing problems in premature infants. (medlineplus.gov)
Pregnant2
Chest1
Stomach1
Treatment3
  • Extracorporeal treatment for theophylline poisoning: systematic review and recommendations from the EXTRIP workgroup. (medscape.com)
  • The reference range of theophylline in the treatment of neonatal apnea is 6-11 µg/mL. (medscape.com)
  • However, theophylline is no longer a preferred treatment method. (clevelandclinic.org)