Targets toxicity biological assay. Medical search. Frequent questions

A series of hybrid compounds that incorporated anthranilic acid with activated 1H-indoles through a glyoxylamide linker were designed to target bacterial RNA polymerase holoenzyme formation using computational docking. (edu.au)
Furthermore, no toxicity was observed from the compounds in a wax moth larvae model, establishing a platform for the development of a series of new antibacterial drugs with an established mode of action. (edu.au)
The second product, MetaDrug 4.6TM is designed for prediction of human metabolism, toxicity and biological effects for novel small molecules compounds. (cff.org)
In biological samples like blood, urine, tissues, or cell cultures, allow researchers and medical practitioners to precisely measure and quantify the presence or concentration of these target compounds. (healthbreaking.com)
Experimental models for the biological determination of N-nitroso compounds formed from amines and nitrite. (cdc.gov)
Some recent results on the chemistry, formation, and biological activity of N-nitroso compounds. (cdc.gov)
The method can also be run in targeted/untardeted mode, slightly redusing sensitivity, but allowing for the detection of untargeted compounds. (bioscience.fi)
The assay includes 20 PFAS compounds with 4 to 14 carbons and either an acid or a sulfonic acid headgroup. (bioscience.fi)
Collaborations with other departments are of paramount importance since chemists are not able to perform most of the biological assays required to determine the efficacy of the synthesised compounds. (asynt.com)
Biologists can determine the activity, toxicity, bioavailability and other pharmacological properties of the synthesised compounds. (asynt.com)
In the research described in the paper for example, we have been able to not only synthesise a range of novel quinoxaline-alkynyl derivatives but then also carry out in-vitro testing to investigate the biological activity of these compounds. (asynt.com)
Although I no longer spend my days in a lab, as a medicinal chemist myself, I always found it highly motivating to almost see the fruits of your labour - synthesising novel compounds and then actually seeing them have an effect against a certain biological target is hugely rewarding. (asynt.com)
The goal of QSAR is to prospectively predict the outcome from assays, such as ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion), toxicity and on- and off-target interactions, for novel compounds. (uu.se)
The ToGA trial must be characterized as a landmark in the treatment of gastric cancer and it has paved the way for a number of new HER2 targeted compounds such as pertuzumab, ado-trastuzumab emtansine, lapatinib, afatinib, and dacomitinib, which are currently undergoing phase II and III clinical testing. (wjgnet.com)
As the director of biochemistry and biophysics at Scorpion Therapeutics , his work includes hunting for cancer-fighting compounds that target enzymes once thought to be undruggable. (acs.org)
These tests screen libraries of compounds to find any that affect the activity of biological targets, such as enzymes, that may be involved in a disease. (acs.org)
A traditional assay would look for compounds that bind to an activated kinase. (acs.org)
Mammalian cells are a unique tool for in vitro toxicity assays, since they represent, with a fairly high degree of accuracy, the actual biological targets of many environmental pollutants or other compounds with proven or suspected toxicity. (siftdesk.org)

Services include identification of a biological target (protein production, assay development) to clinical drug candidates (ADME/DMPK, toxicity and safety studies, efficacy models) to proof of concept and pivotal clinical trials of drug candidates (Phase I, II, III, IV) and market access assistance. (wikipedia.org)
With the use of these kits, substances can be tested for their medicinal potential and their efficacy, and toxicity. (healthbreaking.com)
Also, both quantitative and qualitative analysis of lipids in bodily fluids is proving to be a valuable tool for monitoring treatment efficacy and toxicity. (sanbio.nl)
Lipidomic techniques are highly utilised for mechanistic assays, risk prediction, and monitoring treatment efficacy. (sanbio.nl)
Both of those aspects seem superficially mirror images of each other, but far from it - efficacy is the presence of one desirable property , of which there may be one or more which are leading to the desired effect, such as up- or downregulating a particular biological pathway (or many other things). (drugdiscovery.net)
Note that the link of a single target to efficacy is likely also simplified to a good extent, but this may still serve as an illustration of the conceptual difference between efficacy and safety. (drugdiscovery.net)
The 'target' of a drug may be also related to efficacy at the same time (' on-target related toxicity '), or it may be an ' off'-target related toxicity , but in any case there is some link assumed to be present between ligand activity against a protein, and a toxic effect of the compound. (drugdiscovery.net)

Recent progress in the development of new cell lines, defined growth media and colorimetric, fluorescent or luminescent read-outs of multiple biological responses combined with significant improvements of readers, imaging and automation systems able to handle high-throughput assays now allow the implementation of specific and sensitive biologically-relevant cell-based assays. (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)
Could automation of cell culture solve this bottleneck, as it has for high-throughput assays? (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)
Nonetheless, legislative action requiring safety testing on more exposure information with the high-throughput toxicity screening chemicals using the traditional testing paradigm will signifi- efforts provides a better basis for making informed decisions on cantly increase the economic burden and animal use while not chemical testing priorities and regulatory attention. (cdc.gov)

Cell based assays are regarded as more biologically relevant surrogates to predict the complexity of a therapeutic response in a biological system than non-cell-based, biochemical assays. (immunologixlabs.com)
The effect of a drug on an organism is complex and involves interactions at multiple levels that cannot be predicted using biochemical assays alone. (immunologixlabs.com)
Wang began working in the pharmaceutical industry in 2015, when he joined Janssen to develop biochemical and biophysical assays, which are fundamental tools in early-stage drug discovery. (acs.org)

The three key elements of the toxicity screening strategy are: Physicochemical Characteristics, In Vitro Assays (cellular and non-cellular), and In Vivo Assays. (cdc.gov)
Comprehensive molecular, cellular and systemic-level assays all support a high level of selectivity. (nature.com)
We do so by demonstrating selectivity across comprehensive molecular, cellular, and systemic assays. (nature.com)
Assay types include potency assays, cellular assays and non-cellular assays. (pharmaron.com)
They enable researchers to examine particular biological processes, define cellular constituents, examine gene expression, quantify enzyme activity, and carry out other crucial tests. (healthbreaking.com)
Lipid research encompasses the large-scale profiling of cellular lipids, the quantification of specific lipids in biological samples and the documentation of the interactions between lipids and other lipids, proteins and metabolites within the body. (sanbio.nl)

For example, early assay endpoints (receptor binding) that generate a measurable signal rapidly, have advantages over later endpoints (cell proliferation/cytotoxicity assays) that require several hours or days of incubation to develop a signal as they are convenient and reduce the chance of artifacts due to assay chemistry and matrix interference issues. (immunologixlabs.com)
Biological assays to test the cytotoxicity of the compound 1b combined with electroporation were performed to determine its potential for future medical applications in cancer treatment. (hindawi.com)
Toxicity may also be either mechanism-related, or not mechanism related , which provides a very different context - eg early anti-cancer drugs with unspecific cytotoxicity could easily assumed to have mechanism-related toxic effects. (drugdiscovery.net)
The ethanolic extracts of the plant were examined for the presence of bioactive components and their total flavonoid content, with focusing on quercetin detection using thin layer bioautography (TLB) and brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA) for cytotoxicity. (who.int)

A clear understanding of the context of use for the assay and how the data will be used to support the program should be established, as this will drive the development of a biologically relevant assay that will yield high-quality data. (immunologixlabs.com)
The cell-based assay must reflect some aspect of the drug's MOA to ensure it is biologically relevant. (immunologixlabs.com)

Cadmium is performed to identify cases of cadmium toxicity. (cdc.gov)

Pharmaron's expertise with in vitro assay development and validation yields robust methods to support analysis of various kinds. (pharmaron.com)

Essentially, the presence of therapeutic antibody binding in frozen ex vivo tissues is used to give an indication of potential organ toxicity in vivo . (genengnews.com)
Whether such staining actually correlates with organ toxicity is still regularly debated, but TCR studies remain a requirement in the data package for an IND/CTA submission for most biotherapeutics. (genengnews.com)
Failure to appreciate the value of including a suitable Control Item for comparison may result in any binding of the Test Item being mistakenly interpreted as specific and therefore indicative of potential organ toxicity. (genengnews.com)

recently the environmental impact and toxicity to human and mammalian life been studied in depth. (bioscience.fi)
Bioelectric assay methods based on mammalian cells have gained considerably in popularity over the past few years. (siftdesk.org)

Passive Sampling device (PSD) extracts paired with developmental toxicity assays in Danio Rerio (zebrafish) are excellent sensors for whole mixture toxicity associated with the bioavailable non-polar organics at environmental sites. (pnnl.gov)

These findings suggest quantitative considerations for building scientific confidence in NAM-based systemic toxicity predictions. (nih.gov)
As for CTP4-DTA pDNA delivery the overall tumor load of the liver was reduced without any significant systemic toxicity, indicating specific DTA expression in tumor tissue. (uni-muenchen.de)

The search will return a data set in which the first two columns display the structure and ChEMBL Molecule ID for every compound where there is a measured activity against the ChEMBL Target ID(s) entered. (optibrium.com)
Over the last decade, a variety of scientific advances have brought cell-based assays to key strategic positions during the life of a therapeutic molecule from discovery to development. (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)
Such assays are being implemented at every step of a therapeutic molecule's development from target identification and validation, primary screening, hit validation and lead profiling, mechanism of action and toxicity studies to therapeutic molecule production1,2. (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)
Irrespective of format, consideration must be given to how the molecule is to be detected in an IHC assay. (genengnews.com)

The original computational MetaDiscovery TM platform allows an integration and expert analysis of different kinds of experimental data (mRNA expression, proteomics, metabolomics, microRNA assays and other phenotypic data) and relevant bioactive chemistry (metabolites, drugs, other xenobiotics) within the framework of curated biological pathways and networks. (cff.org)
I am a member of the Biological Chemistry research group . (exeter.ac.uk)
The medicinal chemistry of s-triazine derivatives as anticancer agents was summarized, including discovery, structure optimization, and biological applications. (bvsalud.org)
1 We can accelerate and add value to your TPD program with our synthetic chemistry, linker design, BioNMR, bioconjugation and functional assay capabilities. (njbio.com)
When choosing an assay, the time required for reagent preparation and the total length of time necessary to develop a signal from the assay chemistry and stability of the signal should be considered. (immunologixlabs.com)
I want to get the latest chemistry news from C&EN in my inbox every week. (acs.org)

Target/Protein-based toxicity prediction (analogous to target-based drug discovery), which also forms the basis of eg safety pharmacology , and which is hence regularly employed in practice: You screen a compound against a dozen (or up to a hundred) proteins, and hope that the results will be informative. (drugdiscovery.net)

The data for Functional and other assays are more heterogeneous and therefore only columns containing the aggregated and filtered values for each specific type and unit of data, along with links to the corresponding assay descriptions in ChEMBL, are displayed. (optibrium.com)
Western blot analysis and biological activity assays showed molecular and functional equivalency between 'SpuntaG2'-derived Cry1Ia1 protein and bacteria-derived Cry1Ia1 protein. (ashs.org)
Enzymatic cleavage assays represent an attractive approach where the functional active toxins are detected by monitoring the cleavage of their target substrates, or peptide mimics in most cases, by means of different techniques, such as immunological detection 18 , 19 , capillary electrophoresis 20 , fluorescence analysis 21 , Forster resonance energy transfer (ALISSA) 22 , and high performance liquid chromatography 23 . (cdc.gov)

Furthermore in the in vitro experiments, the tumor-selectivtiy of the CTP4-promoter was employed in the delivery of the cytotoxic protein diphteria toxin A (DTA) in colorectal cancer target cells. (uni-muenchen.de)
Cry1Ia1 is a protein that is toxic to potato tuber moth, and acts by binding to specific receptors on the membranes of epithelial cells in the target insect's midgut. (ashs.org)
Targeted Protein Degradation (TPD) is a new and exciting therapeutic modality. (njbio.com)
Contact us to see how we can accelerate your targeted protein degradation programs. (njbio.com)

An assay kit is a set of chemicals and supplies used to carry out a particular analytical operation known as an assay. (healthbreaking.com)
Assay kits are frequently used for diagnostic, investigative, and analytical reasons in a variety of medical and scientific domains. (healthbreaking.com)
Cell-based assays are an analytical measurement defined by a set of reagents that produce a detectable signal for quantifying a biological process. (immunologixlabs.com)

In vitro techniques allow specific biological and mechanistic pathways to be isolated and tested under controlled conditions, in ways that are not feasible in in vivo tests. (cdc.gov)
With the recent advances in human-cell cultivation techniques, allowing in vivo -like in vitro long-term functionality, there is a shift in focus towards the mechanistic details of the adverse effects "over time" aimed at a better understanding of the dynamics of biological processes. (brill.com)

Acute toxicity studies using rodents were used to calculate an acceptable daily intake (ADI) value of 20 mg·kg −1 body weight per day. (ashs.org)
Additionally, the potency estimates based on particle mass lung dose associated with acute pulmonary inflammation were used to group materials based on toxicity. (cdc.gov)
The two-dimensional nano drug carrier has high safety and effectiveness in drug delivery, and its targeted treatment effect on acute T lymphoblastic leukemia cells is obvious. (frontiersin.org)
Details on the available acute oral and dermal toxicity studies are provided in Tables 7 and 8 . (canada.ca)

Molecular biology, immunology, biochemistry, and clinical diagnostics are just a few of the scientific disciplines that frequently use assay kits. (healthbreaking.com)
Applications for assay kits can be as varied as basic laboratory research to clinical disease diagnosis and monitoring. (healthbreaking.com)
Cell-based assays and analysis play a vital role in every stage of the drug development process from early discovery, pre-clinical, clinical and post market commitment phases. (immunologixlabs.com)
A cell-based assay utilized in discovery will look different from one used later in the clinical stage. (immunologixlabs.com)
Given this urgent need, we present in this series an overview of state-of-the-art knowledge of drug design for old and new epi-targets, their mechanisms of actions, and the increasing spectrum of clinical applications. (biomedcentral.com)
By combining the results from two-stage quantification, 4 or 5 orders of magnitude in dynamic range were achieved for the detection of the serotypes of BoNT/A, /B, /E, or /F. The effect of multiplexing the assay by mixing substrates for different BoNT serotypes into a single reaction was also investigated in order to reduce the numbers of the cleavage reactions and to save valuable clinical samples. (cdc.gov)
Indeed, the potent pathotropic migratory properties of BMSCs and ability to circumvent both the complications associated with immune rejection of allogenic cells and many of the moral reasons associated with embryonic stem cell use suggest that BMSCs are most promising stem cells as a potential target for the clinical use of genetically engineered stem cells [ 14 , 15 ]. (hindawi.com)

Synthesis, in vitro transcription inhibition assays, and biological testing of the hybrids identified a range of potent anti-transcription inhibitors with activity against a range of pathogenic bacteria with MICs as low as 3.1 μM. (edu.au)
KBU2046 binds chaperone heterocomplexes, selectively alters binding of client proteins that regulate motility, and lacks all the hallmarks of classical chaperone inhibitors, including toxicity. (nature.com)

For category B, a quite heterogeneous category, more toxicity data are needed to set an HNRV. (cdc.gov)

There is a strong likelihood that biological activity of nanoparticle s will depend on physicochemical parameters not routinely considered in toxicity screening studies. (cdc.gov)

In one run of the assay M molecules are tested, generating 2 M N data points. (physicsforums.com)
Can the 'standard deviation' or the assay itself be calculated from these data, as if they were direct, repeated measurements? (physicsforums.com)
This option enables you to search for compound activity data associated with a given target. (optibrium.com)
Following this, for Binding assays , aggregated and filtered pChEMBL values will be displayed for each data type for which an unqualified measurement has been reported (e.g. (optibrium.com)
IC 50 in μM), two columns are displayed containing aggregated and filtered values (see notes below) for that specific type and unit of data along with links to the corresponding assays descriptions in ChEMBL. (optibrium.com)
Data evaluation of all in vitro assays pointed at reduced levels of proliferation, invasive behavior and aggressiveness, which yielded three candidates (PAR-1, TNIK and β-catenin) considered as viable for a treatment attempt in vivo. (uni-muenchen.de)
Powerful bioinformatics' tools are also required for data integration and the overarching interpretation of biological data from disparate sources. (brill.com)
The term systems toxicology is derived from systems biology and could be defined as the study of biological systems, using omics technologies, with a focus on the mechanisms underlying complex biological processes, their interactions and perturbations in response to a toxin combined with mathematical data integration and modeling. (brill.com)
In Paper I we studied approaches on how to utilize biological assay data from legacy systems, in order to improve predictive models. (uu.se)
These data will be used to estimate deficiencies and toxicities of specific nutrients in the population and subgroups, to provide population reference data, and to estimate the contribution of diet, supplements, and other factors to serum levels of nutrients. (cdc.gov)
Despite their challenges, cell-based assays can be streamlined and designed to provide valuable data efficiently using automation, multiplexing, and miniaturization. (immunologixlabs.com)
The objective of this meta-analysis, which consisted of 36 studies containing 86 materials, was to assess the availability of published invivo rodent pulmonary toxicity data for a variety of nanoscale and microscale materials and to derive potency estimates via benchmark dose modeling. (cdc.gov)
The utility of AOPs for regulatory application is defined, to a large extent, by the confidence and precision with which they facilitate extrapolation of data measured at low levels of biological organisation to predicted outcomes at higher levels of organisation and the extent to which they can link biological effect measurements to their specific causes. (aopwiki.org)

The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. (cancerindex.org)

So where do things stand currently - and how good are we at using computational algorithms for predicting the toxicity of small molecules? (drugdiscovery.net)

Memorandum: Army Directive 2016-24 (Department of Defense Biological Select Agent and Toxins Biosafety Program). (cdc.gov)
Environmental Monitoring: To evaluate the presence and concentration of pollutants, toxins, or contaminants in air, water, or soil samples, assay kits are used in environmental monitoring. (healthbreaking.com)
Before the 20th century, biological warfare took three main forms: (1) deliberate poisoning of food and water with infectious or toxic material, (2) use of microorganisms or toxins in some form of weapon system, and (3) use of biologically inoculated fabrics. (medscape.com)

The ChEMBL Target ID is a unique identifier given to each molecular target in the ChEMBL database and you can search for a target in the ChEMBL web interface to find the ChEMBL Target ID. (optibrium.com)
Scientific & Experimental Studies: Molecular biology, genetics, and cell biology are just a few of the scientific fields that heavily rely on assay kits. (healthbreaking.com)

Tier 1 in vivo assays are proposed for pulmonary, oral, skin and injection exposures, and Tier 2 evaluations for pulmonary exposures are also proposed. (cdc.gov)
All in all, the therapeutic effect of PAR-1 and β-catenin knock-down could be verified in various in vitro assays analyzing invasive behavior and anchorage independent growth and ultimately also in vivo. (uni-muenchen.de)
These techniques offer a compelling method for non-targeted hazard characterization of whole mixtures in an in-vivo vertebrate system without requiring complete chemical characterization. (pnnl.gov)

Cell-based assays are also vital for the evaluation of target engagement or saturation, determination of safety markers, and monitoring mechanisms of resistance. (immunologixlabs.com)
Significant advances have been made in the development of Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) over the last decade, mainly focused on the toxicity mechanisms of chemicals. (cdc.gov)

GeneGo's flagship product, MetaCore 4.6 TM , assists pharmaceutical scientists in the areas of target selection and validation, identification of biomarkers for disease states and toxicology. (cff.org)
Assay kits make it easier to measure biomarkers, which are particular molecules or indications that represent healthy or unhealthy biological processes. (healthbreaking.com)

With these stably transduced cell lines, we performed a therapeutic target screen via siRNA-mediated knock-down of a number of potentially therapeutic targets within the wnt pathway - osteoprotegerin (OPG), Traf2 and Nck-interacting kinase (TNIK), SRY-related HMG-box (Sox2), protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1), β-catenin and transcription factor 4 (TCF4). (uni-muenchen.de)

Biological weapons are often characterized by low visibility, high potency, substantial accessibility, and relatively easy delivery. (medscape.com)

In order to diagnose infectious infections, autoimmune conditions, and hormonal abnormalities, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, for instance, are frequently used to look for the presence of particular antibodies or antigens. (healthbreaking.com)

We did so by considering that small chemicals have potent biological properties, that single atom changes in their structure can affect those properties, that chemical structure can be modulated, and that as such they constitute highly refined biological probes. (nature.com)
Assay kits frequently include standardized protocols and pre-measured chemicals, which streamline the experimental procedure and provide repeatable and accurate findings. (healthbreaking.com)
These kits are made to find and count particular chemicals or molecules in biological samples. (healthbreaking.com)
We used a cell-based human FXR β-lactamase ( Bla ) reporter gene assay to profile the Tox21 10K compound collection of environmental chemicals and drugs. (nature.com)

Upcoming technologies such as multi-omics single-cell analyses [ 3 ] and epigenetic editing [ 4 , 5 ] may allow localized detections and gene-targeted changes, which might turn essential in fine-tuning such parameters. (biomedcentral.com)
Knock-out of the MT gene also renders animals/cells more vulnerable to oxidative stress and DNA alkylating agent-induced toxicity. (go.jp)
Bone marrow stem cells, including the pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), are being considered as potential targets for cell and gene therapy-based approaches against a variety of different diseases. (hindawi.com)

We identify a unique cell motility regulatory mechanism and synthesize a targeted therapeutic, providing a platform to pursue studies in humans. (nature.com)
Also, comprehensive pharmacokinetic and toxicity studies further support therapeutic potential. (nature.com)
Moreover, some AOs of relevance to airborne exposures to MNs such as lung inflammation and fibrosis shown in animal studies may not be targeted in routine regulatory decision making. (cdc.gov)
Selection of suitable positive control material is crucially important for TCR protocol development, as well as for use in GLP studies, to validate the test item in all of the assay runs-which are likely to be numerous. (genengnews.com)
NR in rat and mouse toxicity studies is considered an adverse effect (i.e., an AO). (aopwiki.org)

The assay is often repeated multiple times on certain molecules. (physicsforums.com)
While biotinylation is a well-established and relatively straightforward technique for labeling biological molecules, FITC may be preferable in a TCR study as it avoids the need for additional avidin-biotin blocking steps in the assay protocol, without which background staining of tissue is likely to prove problematic. (genengnews.com)
BoNT/B, /F, /D, and /G have targets on VAMP-2 at distinct sites 10 - 13 and BoNT/C breaks both SNAP-25 and syntaxin molecules at specific locations 8 , 14 . (cdc.gov)
The use of cell lines as "biological minipumps" to chronically deliver antinociceptive molecules into the pain-processing centers of the spinal cord represents a newly developed technique for the treatment of pain [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)

Assays are laboratory procedures created to identify, measure, or evaluate the presence or function of a certain chemical or biological component in a sample. (healthbreaking.com)
Time-pressed researchers may be tempted to cut corners, but they should know better than to risk gathering misleading TCR results when the good laboratory practice (GLP) assays are run. (genengnews.com)
If no prior PDL1 result is available at Screening, the subject must be assessed for PD-L1 result prior to the date of Randomisation using the stated method (PDL1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx assay) at a qualified local laboratory. (who.int)
The German-American physician Anton Dilger established a secret biological laboratory in Chevy Chase, Maryland, with the intent to grow the causative agents of anthrax and glanders. (medscape.com)

Biochips which save time in target identification and consequently reduce R & D costs significantly are a boon to drug manufacturing industries. (medgadget.com)
New drug research uses biochips for drug assays and also to test them for toxicity. (medgadget.com)
METHODS: The MIC and MBC tests, drug sensitivity test, crystal violet assay and proteomic analysis were used to detect the in vitro antibacterial activity of TPZ. (bvsalud.org)
Cell-based assays accelerate and enhance drug development to help therapeutics be brought to market in a quick and efficient manner. (immunologixlabs.com)
Cell-based assays are diverse in nature and a myriad of factors need to be considered when choosing a relevant cell-based assay at the appropriate time in the long road to biotherapeutic drug development and approval and will depend on the specific stage and goals of the program. (immunologixlabs.com)
Its low toxicity, high efficiency, and controllable drug release advantages make it have good application effects. (frontiersin.org)
Moreover, common targeted therapeutic drug formulations have weak stability in malignant tumor leukemia, and their application effects are limited. (frontiersin.org)
Experimental analysis was also conducted on the characterization ability, drug release, and targeted therapy of nanomedicine. (frontiersin.org)
Its drug release characteristics perform well in photothermal therapy, indicating that black phosphorus nano drugs can improve the biological safety and applicability of drugs in new tumor targeted therapy. (frontiersin.org)
Targeted therapy uses targeted drugs to maintain a high concentration of the drug in the tumor area, improving the killing efficiency of cancer cells while avoiding damage to other normal cells. (frontiersin.org)
The development of platinum-drug resistance in cancer patients, the general toxicity and severe side effects of platinum drugs however required a different approach in the research of anticancer metal complexes [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Despite the growing interest in FXR ligands in drug discovery, little is known with regard to the roles of FXR in mediating or protecting xenobiotic-induced toxicity. (nature.com)
With INDIGO's in vitro drug discovery assays, save resources and energy by identifying and characterizing adverse effects and potential risks before your drug candidate progresses further in the drug development process. (indigobiosciences.com)
Etiologic diagnosis of hepatitis is even more problematic in organ transplant recipients because a wide range of possible drug toxicities induced by immunosuppressive therapies must be considered ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)

Concentrations were tested up to 8333 μg enzyme concentrate dry matter/mL), a recommended regulatory maximum concentration for the in vitro micronucleus assay. (europa.eu)

Today, lipid research has started to map the lipidome of human cells and describe lipid biological pathways. (sanbio.nl)

2000. Impact of atrazine on organophosphate insecticide toxicity. (cdc.gov)
The Roll Back Malaria Programme, for example, emphasizes the use of insecticide treated bednets in Africa and targets a 30-fold increase in treated bednet use by 2007. (who.int)

Once the goal and context of use of the cell-based assay have been established then building the most relevant, reproducible, and robust assay ensues. (immunologixlabs.com)
Since a favorable dataset for a TCR study is a negative result, it is very important to know that the assay is specific and robust before the test tissues are examined. (genengnews.com)

1981. The Ames mutagen assay tested against herbicides and herbicide combinations. (cdc.gov)

Additionally, differential expression reminiscent of the wavy notochord phenotype was not accounted for by either class of chemical indicating the potential of other contaminants driving mixture toxicity. (pnnl.gov)

CARM1 Inhibitor The CARM1 Inhibitor controls the biological activity of CARM1. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Anthracyclines affected reporter activity in all tested assays, suggesting non-specific activity. (nature.com)
SOR), hydrogen peroxide, and 2, 2-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical activity by a model (most biological y active) of the anticancer plant was also evaluated. (who.int)

However, the non-mechanism related toxicities are more difficult to anticipate, since one doesn't initially know what to look for. (drugdiscovery.net)

The inherent complexity of biological systems is a challenge that is expected to be overcome by computational modeling of biological systems. (brill.com)

Processes that drive the development of increased cell motility represent high-value therapeutic targets. (nature.com)
After the initial read-out of various cell lines with different siRNAs has been established via the reduction of Luciferase expression levels, the biological effect of these targets were validated. (uni-muenchen.de)
For this purpose colony formation and cell motility/invasion assays were conducted for all relevant target cell lines. (uni-muenchen.de)
During the last decade, technical developments have dramatically changed the way cell-based assays could be implemented and used in research and development organisations. (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)
As therapeutic assets evolve in complexity there is a need for more sophisticated bioanalytical methods especially in the cell-based assay arena. (immunologixlabs.com)
As the therapeutic progresses through its development lifecycle, the cell-based assays employed will evolve depending on the information needed to push the program forward. (immunologixlabs.com)
Cell viability was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit‑8 (CCK‑8) assay. (spandidos-publications.com)
20 μM and toxicity against 3T3 cell line. (biomedcentral.com)
In a broader sense, higher eukaryotic cells have been recruited as biorecognition elements either in advanced cell-based biosensors (CBBs) or in cell-based assays (CBAs) [1]. (siftdesk.org)

The use of biological agents is not a new concept, and history is replete with examples of biological weapons use. (medscape.com)

This assay can measure more than 40 bile acids and bile acid conjugates from biological fluids and tissues. (bioscience.fi)

NICEATM and NC3Rs are partnering with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Chemical Biological Center, and NCATS to direct the MPS for COVID Research (MPSCoRe) working group. (nih.gov)
Indeed, huge research efforts have been initiated within academia to address chemical as well as biological aspects of epigenetic drugs and their targets. (biomedcentral.com)
This was the first multilateral agreement that extended prohibition of chemical agents to biological agents. (medscape.com)

These include the growing number of potential targets revealed by the completion of the human genome project and recent advances in the field of proteomics, as well as the development of large compound libraries. (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)
Walter R. Dowdle, Ph.D. Acting Director Centers for Disease Control INTRODUCTION In 1987, the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services established an Advisory Committee for Elimination of Tuberculosis* to provide recommendations for developing new technology, applying prevention and control methods, and managing state and local tuberculosis programs targeted at eliminating tuberculosis as a public health problem. (cdc.gov)
During World War II, the Japanese operated a secret biological warfare research facility in Manchuria and carried out human experiments on Chinese prisoners. (medscape.com)

Please note that any compound structures and target information used in a query will be passed to the ChEMBL servers. (optibrium.com)

Anatomy3

Organisms2

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs8

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Phenomena and Processes15

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science4

Health Care2

Compounds18

Efficacy7

High-throughput3

Biochemical3

Cellular6

Cytotoxicity4

Biologically-relevant2

Cadmium toxicity1

Vitro assay1

Organ toxicity3

Mammalian2

Developmental1

Systemic toxicity2

Molecule4

Chemistry6

Prediction1

Functional3

Protein4

Analytical3

Mechanistic2

Acute4

Clinical7

Inhibitors2

Heterogeneous1

Physicochemical1

Data13

Inhibition1

Small molecules1

Toxins3

Molecular2

Vivo3

Mechanisms2

Biomarkers2

Therapeutic target1

Potency1

Antibodies1

Chemicals4

Gene3

Studies5

Molecules4

Laboratory4

Drug14

Regulatory1

Pathways1

Insecticide2

Robust2

Ames1

Contaminants1

Activity3

Mechanism1

Computational1

Cell9

Examples1

Tissues1

Chemical3

Human3

Compound1