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SynapsesNeuropilSynaptophysinDendritesHippocampusNeuronsNeuronal PlasticityNerve Tissue Proteinsras GTPase-Activating ProteinsPost-Synaptic DensityGTPase-Activating ProteinsFetal ViabilityBone DensityPost and Core TechniqueGuanylate KinaseSensory System AgentsBehavioral SymptomsDendritic SpinesPopulation DensityCentrifugation, Density Gradientras ProteinsCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2Receptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateN-MethylaspartateActin Depolymerizing FactorsIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsGene TargetingCells, CulturedExcitatory Amino Acid AgonistsOrgan Culture TechniquesMembrane ProteinsSynaptic TransmissionLipoproteins, LDLBrainLong-Term PotentiationMice, KnockoutTime FactorsCell CountLipoproteins, HDLHeterozygoteTooth, NonvitalMice, Inbred C57BLProtein TransportPatch-Clamp TechniquesCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein KinasesMolecular Sequence DataElectric StimulationAbsorptiometry, PhotonLipoproteins, VLDLBlotting, WesternMAP Kinase Signaling SystemReceptors, LDLCholesterolOsteoporosisPhosphorylationMicroscopy, ElectronLipoproteinsDental Prosthesis DesignApolipoproteinsDensitometryTooth FracturesGlassKineticsMammographyFemur NeckLow Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1Analysis of VarianceMaterials TestingImmunohistochemistryCholesterol EstersModels, BiologicalBone Density Conservation AgentsRats, Sprague-DawleyApolipoprotein A-IBone and BonesTriglyceridesDental Stress AnalysisDental MaterialsDental Prosthesis RetentionLumbar VertebraeOsteoporosis, PostmenopausalBone Diseases, MetabolicRabbitsLiverFemurUltracentrifugationRoot Canal TherapyDisease Models, AnimalLipidsSurface PropertiesCell Line
PlasticityRegulate synapticSynapsesAMPARegulatesLong term potentiVesicleReceptorsNeuronsProteinDysfunctionHippocampusMolecularProteinsCaMKIIInteractionFunctionActivityTransmissionReleaseProcessRoles in neuronalNMDAScaffold proteinCalled the postsynaptic densityLocalizationDendriticMolecular mechanismsBiochemicalModulationDevelopmentDomainsSitesDisease
Plasticity4
  • Her research focuses on the molecular mechanisms of synaptic plasticity, the process underlying formation of memory in the central nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Xu YKT, Graves AR , Coste GI, Huganir RL , Bergles DE, Charles AS, Sulam J. Cross-modality supervised image restoration enables nanoscale tracking of synaptic plasticity in living mice. (neurotree.org)
  • Visualizing synaptic plasticity in vivo by large-scale imaging of endogenous AMPA receptors. (neurotree.org)
  • Katayama N , Yamamori S, Fukaya M, Kobayashi S , Watanabe M, Takahashi M and Manabe T (2017) SNAP-25 phosphorylation at Ser187 regulates synaptic facilitation and short-term plasticity in an age-dependent manner. (u-tokyo.ac.jp)
Regulate synaptic2
  • Her work was the first discovery of a PDZ domain and established that the PSD is a scaffold containing signaling enzymes and receptors that function as a molecular machine to regulate synaptic strength. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this review we will highlight mechanisms that control targeting of PSD-95 at the synapse, and discuss how this molecule influences the retention and clustering of diverse synaptic proteins to regulate synaptic structure and strength. (frontiersin.org)
Synapses5
  • SynGAP(Synaptic Ras GTPase-activating protein) is a protein that regulates function in synapses. (purdue.edu)
  • Mice with mutations of SynGAP have hyper-excited synapses and show autistic symptoms. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Recent studies revealed a key role for PSD- 95, a scaffolding molecule enriched at glutamatergic synapses, in modulation of clustering of several neurotransmitter receptors, adhesion molecules, ion channels, cytoskeletal elements and signaling molecules at postsynaptic sites. (frontiersin.org)
  • The postsynaptic compartment of excitatory synapses is characterized by an electron-dense region, referred to as the postsynaptic density (PSD), attributable to the high density of neurotransmitter receptors and associated molecules at these sites. (frontiersin.org)
  • Chen X, Jia B, Araki Y , Liu B , Ye F, Huganir R , Zhang M. Arc weakens synapses by dispersing AMPA receptors from postsynaptic density via modulating PSD phase separation. (neurotree.org)
AMPA1
  • Recent work concerns the role of the multifunctional PSD protein synGAP in regulating AMPA receptor insertion into the membrane and trapping of AMPA receptors in the PSD. (wikipedia.org)
Regulates1
  • ICA69 regulates activity-dependent synaptic strengthening and learning and memory. (neurotree.org)
Long term potenti1
Vesicle1
  • Control of synaptic vesicle release probability via VAMP4 targeting to endolysosomes. (muirmaxwellcentre.com)
Receptors1
  • Neuronal excitation is also influenced by the amounts of neurotransmitter receptors and signaling molecules retained at particular synaptic sites. (frontiersin.org)
Neurons4
  • Altered network properties in C9ORF72 repeat expansion cortical neurons are due to synaptic dysfunction. (muirmaxwellcentre.com)
  • All neurons in our brain are wired via a micron-sized connection unit called synapse, and each synapse contains a layer of densely-packed, protein rich compartment called postsynaptic density (PSD), which is responsible for brain signal processing and transmission. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Importantly, the HKUST team also found that defects of SynGAP or PSD-95 identified in autism patients alter the "oil-like" droplets formation of the complex and change the synaptic signaling activity of neurons. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • In this manner the neurons strike a "balance" that allows for neurons to become activated and convey discrete synaptic signals, while preventing excessive excitation. (frontiersin.org)
Protein4
  • Her lab uses biochemical and molecular biological methods to study the protein machinery within a structure called the postsynaptic density. (wikipedia.org)
  • Her laboratory purified and characterized the synaptic signaling protein Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in 1983 and showed that it is 1-2% of forebrain protein, is a major constituent of the postsynaptic density, and is regulated by autophosphorylation following activation by synaptic activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, SynGAP protein is an integral component of the post-synaptic density and its role in signaling pathway converges with other autism risk genes and consequently autism risk proteins. (purdue.edu)
  • Although inhibitory postsynaptic sites lack PSDs, they also consist of complex protein matrices. (frontiersin.org)
Dysfunction1
Hippocampus1
Molecular1
  • Synaptic and molecular mechanisms in learning and memory formation My lab is currently investigating the synaptic and molecular mechanisms involved in learning and memory formation in the mammalian central nervous system. (ucla.edu)
Proteins2
  • In a recent study, scientists from The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) discover that SynGAP and PSD-95, two abundance proteins in PSD that are known to cause autisms when mutated, can form an autonomously assembled network structure both in test-tube and in living cells. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • SynGAP and PSD-95 are famous for their roles in learning and memory as well as their involvements in diseases like autisms and epilepsy when mutated, but exactly how these two proteins carry out their functions are not very clear" said Professor Mingjie Zhang, leader of the research group. (neurosciencenews.com)
CaMKII2
  • It is suggested that synaptic strength is stored stably through the combined actions of the CaMKII/NMDAR complex and N-cadherin dimers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There must be a mechanism by which CaMKII/NMDAR complex can produce potentiation, specifically the trans-synaptic structural processes that underlie late LTP. (biomedcentral.com)
Interaction2
  • Summary: A new study provides insights into why mutations altering the SynGAP/PSD-95 interaction can contribute to various brain disorders. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Our work also provides mechanistic insights into why mutations altering the SynGAP/PSD-95 interaction can contribute to various brain disorders including seizure, autism, and ID, a spectrum of central nervous system diseases that have no treatments. (neurosciencenews.com)
Function1
  • Btbd11 supports cell-type-specific synaptic function. (neurotree.org)
Activity1
  • Identification of Synaptic DGKθ Interactors That Stimulate DGKθ Activity. (neurotree.org)
Transmission1
  • Excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain is predominantly mediated by the neurotransmitter glutamate, while inhibitory transmission is mediated mainly by the neurotransmitter gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA). (frontiersin.org)
Release1
  • The addition of postsynaptic N-cadherin, and the complementary increase on the presynaptic side, leads to a trans-synaptically coordinated increase in synapse size (and more release sites). (biomedcentral.com)
Process1
  • This compensatory process occurs over a time scale of 2-3 days, ensuring that discrete synaptic events are not lost, but rather the system "set point" is readjusted. (frontiersin.org)
Roles in neuronal1
  • Here, we demonstrate that SynGAP isoforms exhibit unique spatiotemporal expression patterns and play distinct roles in neuronal and synaptic development in mouse neurons. (nih.gov)
NMDA1
  • Depolarization-induced redistribution of SynGAP is reversible and also occurs upon application of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA). (nih.gov)
Scaffold protein1
  • SynGAP is a Ras GTPase activating protein present at the postsynaptic density (PSD) in quantities matching those of the core scaffold protein PSD-95. (nih.gov)
Called the postsynaptic density1
  • Her lab uses biochemical and molecular biological methods to study the protein machinery within a structure called the postsynaptic density. (wikipedia.org)
Localization1
  • Under the same depolarization conditions, label for PSD-95, the presumed binding partner of SynGAP, does not change its localization at the PSD. (nih.gov)
Dendritic1
  • In contrast, SynGAP-β, which does not bind PSD-95 PDZ domains, is less synaptically targeted and promotes dendritic arborization. (nih.gov)
Molecular mechanisms1
  • Synaptic and molecular mechanisms in learning and memory formation My lab is currently investigating the synaptic and molecular mechanisms involved in learning and memory formation in the mammalian central nervous system. (ucla.edu)
Biochemical2
  • She is collaborating with Tom Bartol and Terry Sejnowski at the Salk Institute to create kinetic models of biochemical signaling in postsynaptic spines. (wikipedia.org)
  • These results demonstrate that distinct intrinsic biochemical properties of SynGAP isoforms determine their function, and individual isoforms may differentially contribute to the pathogenesis of SYNGAP1 -related cognitive disorders. (nih.gov)
Modulation2
  • Stress-induced modulation of endocannabinoid signaling leads to delayed strengthening of synaptic connectivity in the amygdala. (instem.res.in)
  • DIFFERENTIAL MODULATION OF GLUTAMATERGIC SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION BY POLYSIALIC ACID Except where reference is made to the work of others, the work described in this dissertation is my own or was done in collaboration with my advisory committee. (auburn.edu)
Development1
  • PSD-95 plays a primary role in synaptic development and maturation and is regulated by palmitoylation at its N-terminal cysteine residues leading to its postsynaptic targeting. (adipogen.com)
Domains1
  • Through its PDZ domains, PSD-95 assembles various synaptic components at the PSD including intracellular signaling molecules (e.g. (adipogen.com)
Sites1
  • Furthermore, CK2 colocalizes with NR1 and PSD-95 at synaptic sites. (jneurosci.org)
Disease1
  • Although studies have implicated SYNGAP1 in several cognitive disorders, it is not clear which SynGAP isoforms contribute to disease. (nih.gov)