Streptococcus gene expression regulation bacterial. Medical search. Frequent questions

Streptococcus suis is a major pathogen of swine, responsible for a number of chronic and acute infections, and is also emerging as a major zoonotic pathogen, particularly in South-East Asia. (ox.ac.uk)
Here, differential RNA sequencing of the human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes uncovered tracrRNA, a trans -encoded small RNA with 24-nucleotide complementarity to the repeat regions of crRNA precursor transcripts. (nature.com)
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common Gram-positive bacterial pathogen causing OM. (ewha.ac.kr)
The proposal will demonstrate the optimum expression of a broad range of glycans including capsular polysaccharides from a Gram-positive pathogen, LPS and an N-linked glycosylation system from Gram-negative pathogens. (ukri.org)
Transcriptomic studies on the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae, which has a relatively small genome (∼2 Mb) and few nucleoid-binding proteins, have been performed under conditions of local and global changes in supercoiling. (ucm.es)
Understanding the interaction between the gene expression of a pathogen and that of its human host is important for the understanding of a particular infectious disease. (pressbooks.pub)
Streptococcus pneumoniae, an opportunistic human pathogen, is the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia and an agent of otitis media, septicemia, and meningitis. (biomed.news)
IMPORTANCE This work employed pleuromutilin-assisted ribosome profiling using retapamulin (Ribo-RET) to identify genome-wide translation start sites in the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae. (biomed.news)

Streptococcus pneumoniae strains lacking the enzyme dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLDH) show markedly reduced ability to grow on raffinose and stachyose as sole carbon sources. (lu.se)
Whole-genome sequencing also revealed divergence in malic enzyme-encoding genes between the strains predicted to impact the activity of the malate metabolic pathway. (nih.gov)
In MarS deletion strains expression of mga and several Mga-activated genes is reduced. (wikipedia.org)
Molecular characterization of erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus agalactiae strains. (lenus.ie)
Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles in Streptococcus agalactiae colonizing strains: association of erythromycin resistance with subtype III-1 genetic clone family. (lenus.ie)
Twenty-five lactic acid bacterial (LAB) strains have been isolated from traditional goat butter and three types of cheese (dry Klila, frech Klila, and Bouhezza) and evaluated for technological abilities, probiotic properties, and potentials as starter cultures. (calbinotox.fr)
These genes were identified using a comparative genome analysis of 215 strains belonging to ten human-related Haemophilus (sub)species (training dataset). (biomedcentral.com)
In particular, H. influenzae serotype b (Hib) strains were one of the major causes of bacterial meningitis in children worldwide until the introduction of an effective conjugate vaccine [ 6 , 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Building on excellent preliminary studies expressing the Campylobacter jejuni N-linked pgl glycan, we will combine novel synthetic biology approaches to develop a new platform technology for optimal glycan expression using (i) 'refactoring' of glycan clusters (deconstructing and rebuilding in a tunable modular format) and combinatorial optimisation, (ii) engineered regulation, and (iii) our bank of rationally designed E. coli host strains. (ukri.org)
We showed that strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with increased mutation rates (caused by deletion of genes involved in DNA mismatch repair) produced more biofilm biomass in laboratory experiments. (southampton.ac.uk)

RafK carries a C-terminal regulatory domain present in a subset of ATP-binding proteins that has been involved in both direct regulation of transporter activity (inducer exclusion) and transcription of transporter genes. (lu.se)
Most of the identified peptides originated from bacterial cell surface proteins. (calbinotox.fr)
My work spans two important areas of biochemistry: enzyme catalysis and regulation of gene expression by DNA-binding proteins. (uwm.edu)
The observed inhibition of fibronectin binding was confirmed by a reduction in the expression of genes encoding two major fibronectin-binding streptococcal surface proteins, Sof and SfbI. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Whereas regulating gene expression in multicellular organisms allows for cellular differentiation, in single-celled organisms like prokaryotes, it primarily ensures that a cell's resources are not wasted making proteins that the cell does not need at that time. (pressbooks.pub)
Our in vivo gene expression database reflects well the infection process since genes encoding important virulence factors like cytolysin, gelatinase or aggregation substance as well as stress response proteins, are significantly induced. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Programmable DNA binding proteins have emerged as an exciting platform for engineering synthetic transcription factors for modulating endogenous gene expression 5 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

Therapeutic failures of antibiotics used to treat macrolide-susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes infections may be due to biofilm formation. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Biofilm-associated cells can be differentiated from their suspended counterparts by generation of an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix, reduced growth rates, and the up- and down-regulation of specific genes. (cdc.gov)
Heukelekian and genes involved in cell adhesion and biofilm formation. (cdc.gov)
Differential gene expression analysis indicated that this isolate formed excessive biofilm by reducing flagellar formation (7.4 to 1,624.1 folds) and overproducing extracellular matrix components including CdrA (4.4 folds), alginate (5.2 to 29.1 folds) and Pel (4.8-5.5 folds). (frontiersin.org)
Fibrinogen induces biofilm formation by Streptococcus suis and enhances its antibiotic resistance. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Oral streptococci are important components of the complex oral biofilm known as dental plaque. (biomedcentral.com)
Nitric oxide-mediated regulation of biofilm dispersal. (southampton.ac.uk)
An increase in bacterial mutation rate can promote biofilm formation. (southampton.ac.uk)
Recent genomic and proteomic studies have identified many of the genes and gene products differentially expressed during biofilm formation, revealing the complexity of this developmental process. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent advances in our understanding of the genetic and molecular basis of bacterial community behavior point to therapeutic targets that may provide a means for the control of biofilm infections. (biomedcentral.com)
That significant fractions of the bacterial genome could be involved in, or affected during, biofilm formation was shown in Escherichia coli in a genome-wide screen using random chromosomal insertions of a lacZ reporter gene fusion construct [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
With so many genes involved, it is perhaps not surprising that biofilm formation is regarded as a developmental process (Figure 1 ), not unlike that observed in the formation of fruiting bodies containing spores by the soil bacterium Myxococcus xanthus and sporulation in Bacillus subtilis [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A model of the stages of bacterial biofilm development. (biomedcentral.com)
The availability of complete bacterial genome sequences, together with the development of microarrays with which the expression of the entire genome of an organism grown under two conditions can be assayed, has launched the post-genomic era of biofilm research and generated a wealth of new information. (biomedcentral.com)

Streptococcus suis is a bacterium that can cause infections in pigs and humans. (bvsalud.org)
Although oxidative stress is common occurrence during bacterial growth and infection, the regulation networks of S. suis under oxidative stress remain poorly understood. (bvsalud.org)
We identified novel genes responsible for S. suis resistance to oxidative stress, including those involved in DNA repair or protection, and essential for the biosynthesis of amino acids and nucleic acids. (bvsalud.org)
Streptococcus suis contains multiple phase-variable methyltransferases that show a discrete lineage distribution. (ox.ac.uk)
As a test bed for the platform technology we will clone and express key glycans from the major zoonotic animal pathogens Streptococcus suis (serotype 2 capsular polysaccharides) and Brucella species (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) where we have proven expertise. (ukri.org)
Once optimal glycan expression is established, we will use our proprietary Protein Glycan Coupling Technology or alternative membrane vesicle technology to produce much needed, low-cost S. suis and Brucella vaccines. (ukri.org)

These findings will contribute to fish immunotherapy for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections through the design of more specific and effective immune stimulants, adjuvants, and vaccines. (frontiersin.org)
Bacterial communities that are attached to a surface, so-called biofilms, and their inherent resistance to antimicrobial agents are a cause of many persistent and chronic bacterial infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Formation of these sessile communities and their inherent resistance to antimicrobial agents are at the root of many persistent and chronic bacterial infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Staphylococcus aureus gene expression has been sparsely studied in deep-sited infections in humans. (biomedcentral.com)
In 1952, Colonel Ogden Bruton noted the absence of immunoglobulins (Ig) in a boy with a history of pneumonia and other bacterial sinopulmonary infections. (medscape.com)
As Bruton originally described, XLA manifests as pneumonia and other bacterial sinopulmonary infections in 80% of cases. (medscape.com)

The screening of 2000 women of childbearing age in Cork between 2004 and 2006 produced 37 erythromycin-resistant group B streptococcus (GBS) isolates. (lenus.ie)
Group B streptococcus colonization of Romanian women: phenotypic traits of isolates from vaginal swabs. (lenus.ie)
Phenotypical and genotypical characteristics of invasive group B Streptococcus isolates in Western Sydney 2000-2005. (lenus.ie)

RitR from Streptococcus pneumonia R6, plays roles in regulating iron uptake, oxidative stress response, and pathogenicity in a mouse lung model. (uwm.edu)
Hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (HABP/VABP). (nih.gov)

5) in 1978 put forth a the- on exposed surfaces led to studies that revealed surface-associ- ory of biofilms that explained the mechanisms whereby micro- ated microorganisms (biofilms) exhibited a distinct phenotype organisms adhere to living and nonliving materials and the with respect to gene transcription and growth rate. (cdc.gov)
3) used scanning and transmission electron microscopy to ated organisms also differ from their planktonic (freely examine biofilms on trickling filters in a wastewater treatment suspended) counterparts with respect to the genes that are tran- plant and showed them to be composed of a variety of organ- scribed. (cdc.gov)
Biofilms are increasingly recognised as the predominant mode of bacterial growth including within medical, engineered, and environmental contexts. (southampton.ac.uk)
We discovered that exogenous nitric oxide can act as a signal for the dispersal of bacterial biofilms. (southampton.ac.uk)
But a comparison of the differentially expressed gene sets identified in several recent DNA microarray studies [ 7 - 10 ] reveals that no common expression pattern for biofilms has yet emerged. (biomedcentral.com)

In all previous examples, phase-variation of methyltransferases results in genome wide methylation differences, and results in differential regulation of multiple genes, a system known as the phasevarion (phase-variable regulon). (ox.ac.uk)
Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria. (lookformedical.com)

In addition, the presence of antibiotic resistance genes within the German dataset was evaluated with SRST2 and correlated with results of traditional phenotyping assays. (biomedcentral.com)
It is recognized that the success of S. aureus depends not only on its virulence genes and development of antibiotic resistance, but also on a coordinated and timely expression of genes upon infection of its host. (biomedcentral.com)

Second, in Streptococcus mutans, there is a strong promoter immediately downstream of the transcription terminator that follows the asd RNA, and this promoter precedes the downstream gene. (wikipedia.org)
This arrangement suggests that asd RNA transcription is terminated, and the gene is transcribed from the downstream promoter. (wikipedia.org)
Finally, although the asd gene encodes an enzyme, aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, that participates in the synthesis of methionine, lysine and threonine, transcription levels of the asd gene remain constant even when the concentrations of these amino acids are varied. (wikipedia.org)
The control of DNA-supercoiling in S. pneumoniae occurs mainly via the regulation of topoisomerase gene transcription: relaxation triggers the up-regulation of gyrase and the down-regulation of topoisomerases I and IV, while hypernegative supercoiling down-regulates the expression of topoisomerase I. Relaxation affects 13% of the genome, with the majority of the genes affected located in 15 domains. (ucm.es)
however, gene expression in eukaryotes is more complicated because of the temporal and spatial separation between the processes of transcription and translation. (pressbooks.pub)
In this way, regulation of the transcription of all of the structural genes encoding the enzymes that catalyze the many steps in a single biochemical pathway can be controlled simultaneously, because they will either all be needed at the same time, or none will be needed. (pressbooks.pub)
In bacteria, a group of metabolically related genes, with a common promoter, whose transcription into a single polycistronic MESSENGER RNA is under the control of an OPERATOR REGION. (lookformedical.com)
Real time RT-PCR and western blot assays were conducted to evaluate gtfB and gtfC genes transcription and translation before and after HDA treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
500 μg ml -1 of HDA inhibited gtfB and gtfC mRNA transcription and its expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Although the current generation of dCas9-based transcription activators is able to achieve up-regulation of some endogenous loci, the magnitude of transcriptional up-regulation achieved by individual single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) 12 typically ranges from low to ineffective 8 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

He is director of research at CNRS and, since 2001, is the head of the Laboratory of Bacterial Envelopes and Antibiotics which, for more than 30 years, has been studying the biochemistry, genetics and physiology of the bacterial cell-wall peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathway as a whole. (degruyter.com)
Faculty in this area use state-of-the-art approaches such as genetics of model organisms, bioinformatics, computational biology and functional genomics to study cellular development, signal transduction, regulation of gene expression, microbial pathogenesis, and the evolutionary origin of higher organisms. (umd.edu)
In collaboration with DeCode Genetics, we have been using gene array technology to separate different asthma phenotypes. (laeknabladid.is)
Inherited risk for stroke is likely multigenic, although specific single-gene disorders with stroke as a component of the phenotype demonstrate the potency of genetics in determining stroke risk. (medscape.com)

Other genes were found to have a role in the pathogenesis of the disease through defects in sensing and processing of signals that are related to regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. (medscape.com)
Streptococcus mutans is associated with pathogenesis of oral cavity, gingivoperiodontal diseases and bacteremia following dental manipulations. (biomedcentral.com)
The genes that encode glucosyltransferases ( gtf s) especially gtfB and gtfC are important in S. mutans colonization and pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)

Pneumococci lacking RafK showed a 50- to 80-fold reduction in expression of the raf operon genes aga (alpha-galactosidase) and rafEFG (raffinose substrate binding and permease genes), and both glucose and sucrose inhibited raffinose uptake through inducer exclusion. (lu.se)
Like RafK, the presence of DLDH also activated the expression of raf operon genes, as DLDH-negative pneumococci showed a significantly decreased expression of aga and rafEFG, but DLDH did not regulate rafK or the putative regulatory genes rafR and rafS. (lu.se)
For example, in E. coli , all of the structural genes that encode enzymes needed to use lactose as an energy source lie next to each other in the lactose (or lac ) operon under the control of a single promoter, the lac promoter. (pressbooks.pub)

The major events in the regulation of the host response on a transcriptional level occur within the first 3 days after infection. (biomedcentral.com)
Whereas in the acute phase of the disease immunoregulatory processes prevail in the hippocampus and the cortex, we observed a strong activation of neurogenic processes in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, both by gene expression and immunohistology starting as early as 3 days after infection. (biomedcentral.com)
Rapid developments in these techniques have not only accelerated investigations into the process of pathogenic infection and defense strategies in fish, but also used to identify immunity-related genes in fish. (frontiersin.org)
Otitis media (OM) is the most common childhood bacterial infection and the major cause of conductive hearing loss in children. (ewha.ac.kr)
However, the underlying molecular mechanism by which MKP-1 expression is negatively regulated during S. pneumoniae infection is unknown. (ewha.ac.kr)
Finally, topical and post-infection administration of rolipram into the middle ear potently inhibited S. pneumoniae-induced MUC5AC up-regulation. (ewha.ac.kr)
Improved Zn status may also reduce the risk of bacterial co‑infection by improving mucociliary clearance and barrier function of the respiratory epithelium, as well as direct antibacterial effects against S. pneumoniae. (spandidos-publications.com)
Genetic ablation of the clock gene Bmal1 (also called Arntl or MOP3) in bronchiolar cells disrupts rhythmic Cxcl5 expression, resulting in exaggerated inflammatory responses to lipopolysaccharide and an impaired host response to Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. (ox.ac.uk)
We now define a regulatory mechanism that links the circadian clock and glucocorticoid hormones to control both time-of-day variation and the magnitude of pulmonary inflammation and responses to bacterial infection. (ox.ac.uk)
Strongly in vivo induced genes should be important for the infection process. (uni-bielefeld.de)
The Listeria 471 -- Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestations of Listeria monocytogenes Infection / Walter F. Schlech III 473 -- Immune and Inflammatory Responses to Listeria monocytogenes Infection / Alyce Finelli, Eric G. Pamer 480 -- Genetic Tools for Use with Listeria monocytogenes / Nancy E. Freitag 488 -- Regulation of Virulence Genes in Pathogenic Listeria spp. (epa.gov)
The regulatory pattern of catabolic pathway genes indicated that the bacterial infection was sustained on amino acids, glycans and nucleosides. (biomedcentral.com)
The aim of this study was to compare the in vivo expression of virulence and metabolic genes of S. aureus in a prosthetic joint infection in a human subject with growth in vitro as reference using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). (biomedcentral.com)
Assuming an acute infection [ 7 ], we chose to compare gene expression of the in vivo sample with the isolate in an exponential growth phase. (biomedcentral.com)

tracrRNA-mediated crRNA maturation is conserved among different bacterial species. (nature.com)
We demonstrated that only 39 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were present in all species. (frontiersin.org)
Her main research interests have been the study of Mur ligases from different bacterial species and the search for inhibitors of these enzymes. (degruyter.com)
For more than 30 years, his main research interests have been the functional and structural study of the enzymes of peptidoglycan biosynthesis, the determination of the structure of peptidoglycan from certain bacterial species, and the search for peptidoglycan biosynthesis inhibitors that could act as antibacterial agents. (degruyter.com)
Encapsulated bacteria, most commonly Streptococcus pneumoniae, followed by Haemophilus influenzae type b and staphylococcal species, are the typical pathogens. (medscape.com)

It is involved in the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, as well as the functioning of the reproductive, cardiovascular, and nervous system ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
His main research interests concern the identification of genes and enzymes involved in this pathway, the regulation of this metabolism, the mode of action of antibiotics and bacteriocins interfering with this pathway and the corresponding resistance mechanisms, as well as the molecular bases for the recognition of bacterial cell-wall peptidoglycan by host innate immunity mechanisms. (degruyter.com)
Although genomic and transcriptomic studies of S. pneumoniae have provided detailed perspectives on gene content and expression programs, they have lacked information pertaining to the translational landscape, particularly at a resolution that identifies commonly overlooked small open reading frames (sORFs), whose importance is increasingly realized in metabolism, regulation, and virulence. (biomed.news)
The CcpA regulon comprises genes involved in sugar uptake, fermentation and amino acids metabolism, confirming the role of CcpA as a link between carbon and nitrogen pathways. (studyres.com)

Our findings emphasize the importance of sORFs present in the genomes of pathogenic bacteria and underscore the utility of ribosome profiling for identifying the bacterial translatome. (biomed.news)
Genes encoding metabolic activities are the second most abundant in vivo induced genes demonstrating that the bacteria are metabolically active and adapt to the special nutrient conditions of the host. (uni-bielefeld.de)

Analysis of phenotype, genotype and serotype distribution in erythromycin-resistant group B streptococci isolated from vaginal flora in Southern Ireland. (lenus.ie)
All isolates expressing the mefA gene displayed the M phenotype whilst all those expressing ermB displayed the constitutive macrolide resistance (cMLS(B)) phenotype. (lenus.ie)
Of 19 isolates that expressed the ermTR gene, 16 displayed the inducible macrolide resistance (iMLS(B)) phenotype. (lenus.ie)
Specifically, the employment of BC-Ppy compositesdrives partial H9c2 differentiation toward a cardiomyocyte-like phenotype.The scaffolds increase the expression of functional cardiac markersin H9c2 cells, indicative of a higher differentiation efficiency,which is not observed with plain BC. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
One explanation for these apparent discrepancies is that DNA microarrays provide a sensitive but transient snapshot of gene expression and that gene expression does not necessarily directly correlate with phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)

However, pathogens are likely to make host-specific adaptions by altering gene expression, which necessitates studies in humans. (biomedcentral.com)

The synthesis of the peptide stem of bacterial peptidoglycan involves four enzymes, the Mur ligases (MurC, D, E and F). Among them, MurD is responsible for the ATP-dependent addition of d -glutamic acid to UDP-MurNAc- l -Ala, a reaction which involves acyl-phosphate and tetrahedral intermediates. (degruyter.com)
AGEs-Induced IL-6 Synthesis Precedes RAGE Up-Regulation in HEK 293 Cells: An Alternative Inflammatory Mechanism? (mdpi.com)
From the transcriptome analysis we found increased expression of siderophore synthesis genes and multiple known virulence genes. (biomedcentral.com)

However, the lack of MarS increased bacterial dissemination and tolerance towards oxidative stress. (wikipedia.org)

For more than 15 years he has been involved in discovery of inhibitors of bacterial cell-wall biosynthesis as potential antibacterial agents. (degruyter.com)
The aim of this study was to analyze changes in the expression of genes coding for enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) chains following the adherence of Candida and Malassezia yeasts to skin cell lines. (actasdermo.org)

Some asd RNA are associated with genes, such as asd, that are suggestive of a cis-regulatory function. (wikipedia.org)
The sRNA was shown to interact with the 5'UTR of the mga transcript (the multiple virulence gene regulator gene) and was renamed MarS for mag-activating regulatory sRNA. (wikipedia.org)
Genomic DNA contains both structural gene s, which encode products that serve as cellular structures or enzymes, and regulatory gene s, which encode products that regulate gene expression. (pressbooks.pub)

Genomic characterization predicted specific genomic islands highly associated with virulence, transcriptional regulation, and DNA restriction-modification systems. (frontiersin.org)

This is because they invariably consist of multi-gene loci which encode several enzymes that synthesise complex glycan structures. (ukri.org)
The BTK gene is large and consists of 19 exons that encode the 659 amino acids that form the Btk cytosolic tyrosine kinase. (medscape.com)

Epigenetic analysis revealed a specific N 6 -methyl adenine (m 6 A) methylating pattern including methylation of alginate, flagellar and quorum sensing associated genes. (frontiersin.org)

A gene presence/absence-based classification algorithm was developed, which employs the open-source gene-detection tool SRST2 and a new classification database comprising 36 genes, including capsule loci for serotyping. (biomedcentral.com)
The presence of imprinted genes can cause cells with a full parental complement of functional autosomal genes to specifically express one allele but not the other, resulting in monoallelic expression of the imprinted loci. (edu.au)

Filipowicz, W., Bhattacharyya, S. N. & Sonenberg, N. Mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs: are the answers in sight? (nature.com)
Meister, G. & Tuschl, T. Mechanisms of gene silencing by double-stranded RNA. (nature.com)
Elucidating the mechanisms controlling gene expression is important to the understanding of human health. (pressbooks.pub)

This down-regulation of virulence factors leads to increased susceptibility of the deletion strain to phagocytosis, reduced adherence to human keratinocytes. (wikipedia.org)

The virus has a circular genome of 3,912 nucleotides, three major putative open reading frames, and encodes a Rep gene of 310 amino acids. (bvsalud.org)
Therefore, we established an accurate and rapid whole genome sequencing (WGS) based classification and serotyping algorithm and combined it with the detection of resistance genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Hypernegative supercoiling affects 10% of the genome, with one quarter of the genes affected located in 12 domains. (ucm.es)
Instead, in different studies different genes are found up- and down-regulated, in varying numbers ranging from 1% to 38% of the total genome. (biomedcentral.com)
Using combination of chromatin immunoprecipitation and genome sequence analysis, we detected 55 CcpA binding sites corresponding to 140 genes directly controlled by CcpA. (studyres.com)
Achieving systematic, genome-scale perturbations within intact biological systems is important for elucidating gene function and epigenetic regulation. (cdc.gov)

Nucleotide sequence of the asd gene of Streptococcus mutans. (wikipedia.org)
This study investigated the hydroxy-decenoic acid (HDA) effects on gtfB and gtfC expression and S. mutans adherence to cells surfaces. (biomedcentral.com)
Streptococcus mutans was treated by different concentrations of HPLC purified HDA supplied by Iran Beekeeping and Veterinary Association. (biomedcentral.com)
Hydroxy-decenoic acid prevents gtfB and gtfC expression efficiently in the bactericide sub-concentrations and it could effectively reduce S. mutans adherence to the cell surfaces. (biomedcentral.com)

The biological roles of four sORF examples are characterized: two control the regulation of a cell-cell communication (quorum sensing) system, one contributes to the ability of S. pneumoniae to colonize the upper respiratory tract of mice, and a fourth governs the translation of PrfB, a protein enabling ribosome release at stop codons. (biomed.news)
At the highest OTR condition, a decrease in the NADPH/NADP + ratio of threefold was observed, probably as a response to the high respiration rate induced by the respiratory protection of the nitrogenase under diazotrophic conditions, correlating with a high expression of the uncoupled respiratory chain genes ( ndhII and cydA ) and induction of the expression of the genes encoding the nitrogenase complex ( nifH ). (biomedcentral.com)

and the protein expression levels of Pro-IL-1? (calbinotox.fr)
Sjöberg A., Trouw L., McGrath F., Hack E. C. and Blom A. M. (2006) Regulation of complement activation by C-reactive protein: targeting of the inhibitory activity of C4b-binding protein. (lu.se)

Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University. (ncl.ac.uk)

R-M systems are widely spread among prokaryotes: they have been found or predicted with computational methods in the vast majority of bacterial and archaeal genomes [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Complex Bacterial Consortia Reprogram the Colitogenic Activity of Enterococcus faecalis in a Gnotobiotic Mouse Model of Chronic, Immune-Mediated Colitis. (uni-bielefeld.de)

These dCas9-activator fusions targeted to the promoter region of endogenous genes can then modulate gene expression 7 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

However, it is difficult to capture the complexity of transcript isoform variance using these libraries, and large cDNA sequences are often difficult to clone into size-limited viral expression vectors. (cdc.gov)

ERAP1 is a gene that encodes an endoplasmic reticulum amino peptidase, which acts on amino acid terminals in peptides that are then involved in HLA class I molecules, affecting their length for optimum major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I binding. (medscape.com)
A 34-amino acid polypeptide antibiotic produced by Streptococcus lactis. (lookformedical.com)

Comparative growth assays in urine comparing wild-type ABSA and gene-deficient mutants that were functionally inactivated for the malic enzyme metabolic pathway by targeted disruption of the maeE or maeK gene in ABSA demonstrated attenuated growth of the mutants in normal human urine as well as synthetic human urine containing malic acid. (nih.gov)
Our study reveals a novel pathway of small guide RNA maturation and the first example of a host factor (RNase III) required for bacterial RNA-mediated immunity against invaders. (nature.com)
Collectively, these data demonstrate that PDE4B mediates ERK-dependent up-regulation of mucin MUC5AC by S. pneumoniae by inhibiting cAMP-PKA-dependent MKP-1 pathway. (ewha.ac.kr)

Other trophic factors, such as IL-2, TNF-α, and granulocyte-macrophage stimulating factor, cause activated T cells to produce interferon-γ, TNF-α, and TNF-β, leading to stimulation of macrophages and further up-regulation of leukocyte adhesion molecules. (medscape.com)

Similarly, how is it that the same bacterial cells within two pure cultures exposed to different environmental conditions can exhibit different phenotypes? (pressbooks.pub)
Expression profiles were analysed by comparing the mean change of signal intensity in cytokine stimulated vs not stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the 4 different phenotypes. (laeknabladid.is)

Beyond this time, no differences in global gene expression in infected and control animals were detectable by microarray analysis. (biomedcentral.com)

Resistance genes were detected in 16 out of 262 datasets from the German cohort. (biomedcentral.com)
We also synthesize a library consisting of 70,290 guides targeting all human RefSeq coding isoforms to screen for genes which, upon activation, confer resistance to a BRAF inhibitor. (cdc.gov)
Expected and potentially novel resistance genes are enriched in the top hits and are validated using individual sgRNA as well as cDNA overexpression. (cdc.gov)

Activation of Btk results in a cascade of signaling events resulting in calcium mobilization and fluxes, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and transcriptional regulation involving nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). (medscape.com)

MEFV gene mutations, seen in persons with Mediterranean fever, are increased in persons with Behçet disease. (medscape.com)
Similarly, all cells in two pure bacterial cultures inoculated from the same starting colony contain the same DNA, with the exception of changes that arise from spontaneous mutations. (pressbooks.pub)
Mutations can occur in any area of the gene. (medscape.com)
Murine gene mutations in human counterparts may be associated with a clinical illness different from the illness seen in mice. (medscape.com)

The bacterial attachment to the cell surfaces was evaluated microscopically. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy18

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