• Vigorous motility is initiated almost instantly upon sperm release from cauda during ejaculation. (bioscientifica.com)
  • The molecular mechanisms that suppress sperm motility but increase cell survival during storage in cauda epididymis are not known. (bioscientifica.com)
  • Intracellular signaling via phosphorylation cascades is quick events that may regulate motility and survival of transcriptionally inactive sperm. (bioscientifica.com)
  • Pathscan intracellular signaling array provided the preliminary picture of cell signaling in quiescent and motile rat sperm, indicating upregulation of cell-survival pathways in quiescent sperm, which were downregulated during motility activation. (bioscientifica.com)
  • Interactome of signaling proteins involved in motility activation was constructed by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) software, which identified mitogen activated protein kinase-p38 (MAPK-p38), AKT, mTOR and their downstream target p70S6K as the key kinases regulating sperm function. (bioscientifica.com)
  • Activators of these kinases inhibited sperm motility but increased viability, and vice versa was true for inhibitors, in most of the cases. (bioscientifica.com)
  • Data suggest that sperm motility and survival are inversely complementary and critically regulated by intracellular cell signaling. (bioscientifica.com)
  • Aberrant cell signaling in caudal sperm may affect cell survival (sperm concentration) and motility of ejaculated sperm. (bioscientifica.com)
  • The mitochondrial sheath (MS), an important organelle in the midpiece of spermatozoa, is crucial to sperm motility. (nih.gov)
  • However, the over production of oxygen free radicals in sperm membrane decreases the antioxidant defense activity thereby leading to low sperm motility and viability, DNA fragmentation and protein denaturation. (scialert.net)
  • After staining with R123, fluorescence intensity in the sperm midpiece is related to the mitochondrial membrane potential and motility. (purdue.edu)
  • Bright green fluorescence was correlated with vigorous sperm motility and dull green fluorescence correlated with slow motility. (purdue.edu)
  • The sequences in this videotape illustrate the unusual crawling motility of the amoeboid sperm of the nematode parasite, Ascaris suum, an intestinal parasite of pigs. (cellimagelibrary.org)
  • In mammals, adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) is known to play highly important roles in sperm motility and acrosomal exocytosis. (plos.org)
  • It is involved in flagellar movements and motility, and in cellular events that occur in the sperm head, that will lead to successful interaction with the egg and to fertilization [ 1 , 2 ]. (plos.org)
  • Here we summarize our years of results for additional parameters with more detail for sperm morphology and motility. (ivis.org)
  • Poor sperm motility can be caused by genetic factors, infection, hormonal imbalances or lifestyle choices such as smoking or excessive alcohol consumption. (asianinfertility.com)
  • Genetic defects can cause structural abnormalities in the sperm, which can affect its motility and ability to fertilize an egg. (asianinfertility.com)
  • Main and end piece contains axonemal contractile filaments for sperm motility. (iasri.res.in)
  • Motility of sperm is visible under ordinary microscope in diluted semen sample. (iasri.res.in)
  • Husband's DNA frag (SCSA) is normal but sperm concentration, total count, motility and morphology are all below the lower reference limit and there are no normal forms - most have moderate to severe mixed head defects including many sperm with megligible or absent acrosomes the most common abnormalities. (sharedjourney.com)
  • Eighteen spermiating males were randomly selected from a hatchery-reared stock and electronically tagged to record changes in their sperm quality parameters (spermatozoa morphology, ultrastructure and motility, ionic composition and osmolality of the seminal plasma, and sperm volume and density) during the spawning season. (alr-journal.org)
  • This one-a-day capsule supports male reproductive system health, while also supporting sperm health and sperm motility. (herbsofgold.com.au)
  • In sperm cells, the majority of CoQ10 is concentrated in the midpiece of sperm, providing sperm with the energy they need for movement, supporting sperm motility. (herbsofgold.com.au)
  • Herbs of Gold CoQ10 150mg contains naturally fermented coenzyme Q10 in a soy-free capsule, acting as an antioxidant while also supporting both sperm health and sperm motility. (herbsofgold.com.au)
  • Vitamin C 1000 Plus contains 1g of total ascorbic acid (vitamin C), supporting sperm health and sperm motility. (herbsofgold.com.au)
  • Selenium is an important mineral for supporting male reproductive health, necessary for testosterone synthesis, normal sperm production and sperm motility. (herbsofgold.com.au)
  • A potent antioxidant and free radical scavenger, selenium supports sperm health and sperm motility in males. (herbsofgold.com.au)
  • Sperm competition: motility and the midpiece in primates. (anthropogeny.org)
  • Epididymal spermatozoas are often described as immature, immotile, and infertile sperm cells, yet the epididymis is the organ where spermatozoa mature, acquire motility, and become fully fertile. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Functional assessments on sperm included counting sperm amount and sperm motility, staining F-actin, and quantifying adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Testicular torsion-detorsion significantly decreased the amount of sperm, inhibited the motility, declined the F-actin expression, and reduced the content of ATP in sperm. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Local injection of MSCs improved sperm function, particularly in sperm motility. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Local injection of MSCs into a testis damaged by testicular torsion-detorsion restores sperm function mainly through the improvement of sperm motility and energy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • knockout male mice showed severe subfertility with a defect in sperm motility as well as a significant disorganization in the fibrous sheath. (biologists.com)
  • Often times, sperm are found to lack this essential aspect of motility and they end up swimming slowly or in the wrong direction, some even swim in circles. (proceptin.com)
  • Immunofluorescence localized the kinase proteins in the sperm mid-piece region (mitochondria), a known extra-nuclear target for these signaling pathways. (bioscientifica.com)
  • The midpiece contains the mitochondria which supplies the energy the tail needs to move. (mountsinai.org)
  • It refers to changes in the structure of the sperm's midsection, which contains important structures like the mitochondria that provide energy for sperm movement. (asianinfertility.com)
  • These defects can affect the sperm's ability to move and swim towards the egg and may include abnormalities in the number or arrangement of mitochondria, as well as changes in the size or shape of the midpiece. (asianinfertility.com)
  • MDT combines sperm and egg from the biological parents with healthy mitochondria from a female donor's egg. (ivf.net)
  • Immediately after the neck is the midpiece, which is where the mitochondria of the cell are located. (lishkolab.org)
  • The Barbus barbus spermatozoon has a head without acrosome, a midpiece with 4-6 mitochondria and proximal and distal centrioles, and a flagellum with the typical 9+2 pairs of microtubules. (alr-journal.org)
  • Propagation of paternal sperm-contributed mitochondrial genes, leading to heteroplasmy, is seldom noticed in mammals attributable to post-fertilization degradation of sperm mitochondria, known as sperm mitophagy. (eqalix.com)
  • Such patterns are according to our earlier commentary of SQSTM1 and VCP associating with sperm mitochondria contained in the porcine zygote. (eqalix.com)
  • Even in an interspecific mobile setting encompassing bull spermatozoa and porcine oocyte extract, ooplasmic SQSTM1 was recruited to heterospecific sperm mitochondria. (eqalix.com)
  • Complementary with the binding of SQSTM1 and VCP to sperm mitochondria, two sperm-borne pro-mitophagy proteins, parkin co-regulated gene product (PACRG) and spermatogenesis related 18, underwent localization modifications after extract coincubation, which had been according to their degradation noticed inside fertilized porcine oocytes. (eqalix.com)
  • We then go on to discuss the probable identity of these organelles and their discrete functions: regulation by the acrosome of its own secretion and regulation by membranous organelles at the sperm neck (and possibly by the mitochondria) of flagellar activity and hyperactivation. (birmingham.ac.uk)
  • In sperm, the mitochondria reside in a region called the midpiece. (inje.ac.kr)
  • The distal sperm tail does not have mitochondria, which means that SFEC operates in a different environment than the other ATP/ADP carriers," Kim explained. (inje.ac.kr)
  • While mitochondria generate energy through an oxidative process, recent research indicates that the sperm flagella mainly produces and consumes energy through a process called glycolysis. (inje.ac.kr)
  • By contrast, prior experiments found that when the oxidative processes in the sperm's mitochondria are blocked, sperm continue to swim and fertilize eggs. (inje.ac.kr)
  • The patients' spermatozoa displayed multiple midpiece defects, including absent MS and central pair, scattered or forked axoneme and incomplete plasma membrane. (nih.gov)
  • Spermatozoa from Armc12 -/- mice showed parallel defects in the midpiece. (nih.gov)
  • The morphological assessment of human spermatozoa which includes the evaluation of the percentage of morphologically normal sperm and the determination of the incidence of various morphological abnormalities has always been part if semen analysis in couples consulting for infertility. (myhealth.gov.my)
  • Assessing approximately 200 spermatozoa and the value of normal sperm is calculated in percentage. (myhealth.gov.my)
  • Will show spermatozoa red bodies with the midpiece and tail sections green. (sargentwelch.com)
  • Sperm is a type of male reproductive cell, also known as a spermatozoa or simply a sperm. (asianinfertility.com)
  • Mature spermatozoa are characterized by an head, midpiece and a long tail for locomotion. (innovations-report.com)
  • October - Mature spermatozoa are characterized by an head, midpiece and a long tail for locomotion. (innovations-report.com)
  • It contains a fluid called seminal plasma and spermatozoa in varying number (sperm concentration). (iasri.res.in)
  • The male reproductive system consists of a pair of testes that produce sperm (or spermatozoa ), ducts that transport the sperm to the penis and glands that add secretions to the sperm to make semen (see diagram 13.2). (wikibooks.org)
  • In conclusion, changes observed in B. barbus sperm parameters during the reproductive season, suggest there is association between such changes and spermatozoa aging processes. (alr-journal.org)
  • Consequently, we anti cipated that sperm mitophagy may very well be reconstituted in a cell-free system consisting of permeabilized mammalian spermatozoa co-incubated with porcine oocyte extracts. (eqalix.com)
  • VCP was distinguished within the sperm mitochondrial sheath each earlier than and after the extract co-incubation and was additionally detected within the acrosome and postacrosomal sheath and the subacrosomal layer of the spermatozoa co-incubated with extraction buffer as management. (eqalix.com)
  • Mature human spermatozoa are similar to that of other mammals in possessing a CD at the midpiece. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sperm morphology was assessed in the initial semen analysis using the Kruger-Tygerberg Strict Criteria as outlined by the World Health Organization. (myhealth.gov.my)
  • Indications for performing a postcoital test include semen hyperviscosity, increased or decreased semen volume with good sperm density, or unexplained infertility. (medscape.com)
  • Figure 1: Green versus red fluorescence cytograms and corresponding alpha t frequency histograms of Acridine Orange (AO) stained bull semen samples prepared and measured by the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA). (purdue.edu)
  • Following the request in 1990 for the establishment of a sperm cryopreservation bank for the highly endangered Mexican gray wolf (Canis lupus baileyi), we began collecting semen samples during the annual breeding season. (ivis.org)
  • Standard semen analysis included percentage of motile sperm, status, sperm concentration, percentage of morphologically normal cells, pH and osmolality of seminal fluid. (ivis.org)
  • Osmolality of seminal fluid was measured with an osmometer after centrifugation to remove sperm, and pH of semen was quantified either by paper strips or a pH meter. (ivis.org)
  • 2007) we correlated percentages of motile and of morphologically normal sperm with measures of inbreeding in Mexican wolves, but other aspects of semen quality were not reported. (ivis.org)
  • This is also known as oligospermia, where the number of sperm in a man's semen is lower than normal. (asianinfertility.com)
  • Normal sperm count is usually considered to be between 15 million to 200 million sperm per milliliter of semen. (asianinfertility.com)
  • On volume basis, sperms constitute just 1% of semen volume. (iasri.res.in)
  • Semen composition is described in terms of volume of ejaculate (i.e. volume of semen discharged per ejaculate) and sperm concentration (i.e. billions of sperms present in one milliliter of semen). (iasri.res.in)
  • This study investigated sperm morphology of fresh semen in randomly chosen Estonian (E, n = 8) and Tori (T, n = 7) breed stallions with proven fertility. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aim of the present study was to investigate the sperm morphology in fresh semen of Tori and Estonian breed stallions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, in cats, a species notoriously difficult to collect semen from, epididymal sperm may serve as an extra and easily accessible source of gametes [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • A man with fewer than 5 million sperm per milliliter of semen is often infertile. (proceptin.com)
  • However, it should be understood that a man can be sub-fertile even if he has a normal sperm count of between 20 and 250 million sperm per milliliter of semen. (proceptin.com)
  • Both unilateral and bilateral cryptorchidism are associated with a decrease in sperm production and semen quality, regardless of the timing of orchidopexy. (medscape.com)
  • The cytoplasmic droplet always attached to the mid-piece of the spermatozoon without migrating down the sperm tail. (frontiersin.org)
  • The tail moves with whip-like movements back and forth to propel the sperm towards the egg. (mountsinai.org)
  • Normal sperm have a distinctive head, midpiece and tail. (asianinfertility.com)
  • Morphological sperm abnormalities refer to changes in the shape or structure of sperm and can be classified into three main categories: head defects, mid-piece defects, and tail defects. (asianinfertility.com)
  • It refer to abnormalities in the structure or function of the sperm tail, which is responsible for propelling the sperm towards the egg. (asianinfertility.com)
  • We discovered that SQSTM1 was detected within the midpiece/mitochondrial sheath of the sperm tail after, however not earlier than, co-incubation with oocyte extracts. (eqalix.com)
  • Human sperm cell is a flagellate cell consisting of a disc-shaped head and a long tail released from the seminiferous tubule and mature in the epididymis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A sperm cell consists of a head, midpiece, and tail. (pharmacy180.com)
  • Dr. Young-Hwan Kim, the UVa researcher who discovered SFEC and led the study, found the new protein in the distal part of the sperm tail, or flagella. (inje.ac.kr)
  • Other ATP/ADP carriers do not have these extensions, which may explain why SFEC is able to perform its shuttling function in the distal sperm tail. (inje.ac.kr)
  • A normal sperm is made up of a head, a mid piece and a tail. (proceptin.com)
  • When variation in just one of these areas occurs, a sperm's chance for success is greatly reduced as a miss-shapen head or a deformed tail can cause the sperm to be a weak swimmer or to be incapable of maintaining a straight path. (proceptin.com)
  • Infertility in men can result from deficiencies in sperm formation, concentration, or transportation. (medscape.com)
  • Since the bead concentration is known, a simple calculation determines the sperm concentration, an important parameter of fertility potential. (purdue.edu)
  • As in somatic cells, sperm intracellular cAMP concentration is regulated by the opposite action of two enzymes: the adenylyl cyclases (AC), which synthesize cAMP from ATP, and the phosphodiesterases (PDE), which break the phosphodiester bond of cAMP to form 5'-adenosine monophosphate (AMP). (plos.org)
  • More studies of fertility outcomes in large populations are required to refine the application of CASA to measuring sperm morphology. (myhealth.gov.my)
  • Mice homozygous for a knock-out allele exhibit reduced male fertility, decreased sperm ferility and abnormal axoneme structure and sperm midpiece morphology. (jax.org)
  • Sperm plays a vital role in men's reproductive health and fertility. (asianinfertility.com)
  • The morphology of sperm cells is the end result of a highly complex process of cellular modifications occurring during spermiogenesis. (myhealth.gov.my)
  • Using this criterion, any subnormally (or borderline forms) classified sperm cells are going to be indicated as abnormal. (myhealth.gov.my)
  • Mammalian sperm cells present highly specific lipidic composition, high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, plasmalogenes and sphingomyelins. (scialert.net)
  • This unusual structure of sperm membrane is responsible for its flexibility and the functional ability of sperm cells. (scialert.net)
  • Co-staining sperm with SYBRI4 and PI readily identifies cells with intact membranes versus membrane compromised cells. (purdue.edu)
  • Figure 4: Two parameter green (log) versus red (linear) fluorescence isometric displays of 10,000 cells collected from fertile (A) and less fertile (B) bull sperm stained with SYBRI4 and counterstained with Propidium Iodide (PI). (purdue.edu)
  • Sperm cells are highly sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are produced during cellular oxidation. (mdpi.com)
  • Male sperm cells are constantly produced in large quantities in the testicles during so-called spermatogenesis. (innovations-report.com)
  • In this process, the typical elongated sperm cells are formed from round germ cells. (innovations-report.com)
  • Without ACTL7B, development is blocked, the cells often remain in a roundish shape, usually do not form the elongated, typical sperm shape and die to a large extent ," says first author Gina Esther Merges, a doctoral student in Professor Schorle's laboratory. (innovations-report.com)
  • The cytoplasmic droplet is not present in all sperm cells, but it allows us to perform electrophysiology when present. (lishkolab.org)
  • The reproductive organs of mammals produce the gametes (sperm and egg cells), help them fertilize and then support the developing embryo. (wikibooks.org)
  • Ca2+ signalling is of particular significance in sperm cells, where it is a central regulator in many key activities (including capacitation, hyperactivation, chemotaxis and acrosome reaction) yet mature sperm lack endoplasmic reticulum and several other organelles that serve as Ca2+ stores in somatic cells. (birmingham.ac.uk)
  • Here, we review i) the evidence for the expression in sperm of the molecular components (pumps and channels) which are functionally significant in the activity of Ca2+ stores of somatic cells and ii) the evidence for the existence of functional Ca2+ stores in sperm. (birmingham.ac.uk)
  • In other words, a sperm cell found in the caput of the epididymis possesses characteristics that are different from sperm cells found in the corpus or cauda of the same epididymis, such as the cytoplasmic droplet position. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Sperm cells are the target of strong sexual selection that may drive changes in sperm structure and function to maximize fertilisation success. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We previously reported that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), through local injection upon testicular torsion-detorsion, restored the spermatogenesis without differentiation into sperm. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The primary- male sex organs are the testes, which pro-duce sperm cells and male sex hormones. (pharmacy180.com)
  • A confocal micrograph of a human embryo, with some remaining sperm cells, about five days after fertilization. (ucsd.edu)
  • The nuclei of both the sperm and cells of the embryo are stained purple, the tails of the. (ucsd.edu)
  • The morphology of sperm is the third key factor in evaluating the role of abnormal sperm cells. (proceptin.com)
  • Activators and inhibitors also affected sperm mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. (bioscientifica.com)
  • On the other hand, this lipid membrane makes the sperm cell sensitive to oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS)( 2 2 Sheweita SA, Tilmisany AM, Al-Sawaf H. Mechanisms ofmale infertility: role of antioxidants. (scielo.br)
  • The cytoplasmic droplet then becomes known as excess residual cytoplasm, which can impair overall sperm function and produce higher levels of reactive oxygen species, potentially leading to male infertility. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sperm in most mammalian species including rat, mice and human are kept completely quiescent (motionless) and viable for up to a few weeks in the cauda epididymis before ejaculation. (bioscientifica.com)
  • In the epididymis several structural and biochemical changes occurs that makes the sperms fertilizable. (iasri.res.in)
  • In the initial segment of the epididymis, the sperm cell is immotile-unable to fertilize an oocyte and has a proximal cytoplasmic droplet-close to the neck [ 3 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Three days after the surgery, orchiectomy was executed and the testis, epididymis, and sperm were separated to each other. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The droplet is located in the proximal region of the midpiece in a caput-spermatozoon and in the distal region of the midpiece in a corpus-spermatozoon [ 3 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The CDs of mature non-human mammalian sperm are found at the distal end of the midpiece. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our findings prove for the first time that defects in ARMC12 cause asthenozoospermia and multiple midpiece defects in humans. (nih.gov)
  • 2001). Sperm Morphological defects Related to Environment, Lifestyle and Medical History of 1001 male Partners of Pregnant Women from Four European Cities. (myhealth.gov.my)
  • These defects involve changes in the size or shape of the sperm head, which can hinder its ability to fertilize an egg. (asianinfertility.com)
  • Flagellar gyration and midpiece rotation during extension of the acrosomal process of Thyone sperm: how and why this occurs. (rupress.org)
  • The newly discovered protein is called sperm flagellar energy carrier (SFEC). (inje.ac.kr)
  • Intracytoplasmic sperm injection was used to treat the patients. (nih.gov)
  • Moreover, two patients were treated with intracytoplasmic sperm injection and achieved good outcomes. (nih.gov)
  • Isolated teratozoospermia does not affect in vitro fertilization outcome and is not an indication for intracytoplasmic sperm injection. (myhealth.gov.my)
  • Sperm is produced in the testes or the testicles of a man's reproductive system, and it is released during ejaculation. (asianinfertility.com)
  • This evidence supports the existence of at least two storage organelles in mammalian sperm, one in the acrosomal region and another in the region of the sperm neck and midpiece. (birmingham.ac.uk)
  • Finally, we consider the ability of the sperm discretely to control mobilisation of these stores and the functional interaction of stored Ca2+ at the sperm neck/midpiece with CatSper channels in the principal piece in regulation of the activities of mammalian sperm. (birmingham.ac.uk)
  • In humans, it leads to widely heterogenous morphological pattern, with many cellular abnormalities which may be associated with sperm dysfunction. (myhealth.gov.my)
  • What are sperm abnormalities types? (asianinfertility.com)
  • Sperm abnormalities can be a major cause of male infertility and can impact a man's ability to father children. (asianinfertility.com)
  • What are Morphological Sperm Abnormalities Types? (asianinfertility.com)
  • However, available computer-assisted methods can only evaluate the sperm head, not count morphological abnormalities of mid-pieces, tails and acrosomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • DNA strand breaks in fertilizing sperm nuclei have potentially serious consequences for developing embryos. (purdue.edu)
  • Echinoderm sperm nuclei are unusual in that chromatin fibers are clearly seen, allowing the. (cellimagelibrary.org)
  • Echinoderm sperm nuclei are unusual in that chromatin fibers are clearly seen, allowing their diameter to be accurately determined. (ucsd.edu)
  • Due to the mitochondrial helix that forms around the core of the axoneme-outer dense fibers complex, the midpiece has a large diameter relative to the rest of the cell [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Oxygen free radicals are naturally produced by mitochondrial and sperm plasma membrane and have beneficial and detrimental effects that cannot be overlooked. (scialert.net)
  • This electron micrograph shows the P-face of a small region of membrane from the midpiece of guinea pig sperm. (cellimagelibrary.org)
  • The membrane that constitutes the swine sperm is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, which is important to maintain sperm fluidity and flexibility( 1 1 Surai, PF. (scielo.br)
  • GPx is part of the membrane defense system, protecting the integrity of the sperm cell from oxidative damage( 3 3 Drevet JR. The antioxidant glutathione peroxidase family andspermatozoa: a complex story. (scielo.br)
  • In experiments where glycolysis was blocked, the sperm barely quivered, showed no progressive motion and were infertile. (inje.ac.kr)
  • However, the focus of this article is going to be on the assessment of image analysis to indicate the normal sperm morphology of an ejaculate. (myhealth.gov.my)
  • Testicular biopsy is indicated in azoospermic men with a normal-sized testis and normal findings on hormonal studies to evaluate for ductal obstruction, to further evaluate idiopathic infertility, and to retrieve sperm. (medscape.com)
  • Testicular sperms are not capable of fertilizing ovum. (iasri.res.in)
  • MSCs significantly reversed the imbalance of glycolysis in sperm and testis induced by testicular torsion-detorsion, as evidenced by increasing the expression of phosphoglycerate kinase 2 and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-spermatogenic, activating Akt, and increasing glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), which led to the increase in glycolysis cascades and ATP production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human stem cell factor contributed the activation of Akt/GSK3 axis when sperm suffered from testicular torsion-detorsion-induced germ cell injury. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Duration of testicular torsion and the severity of cord twisting are two key prognostic factors for sperm survival and activity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Possible cause of male infertility: Gina Esther Merges and Prof. Hubert Schorle study genes involved in sperm maturation. (innovations-report.com)
  • Since it is exclusively made in humans and mice during the maturation of male sperm, it has been postulated that the protein is important for this phase of development," notes corresponding author Prof. Hubert Schorle from the Institute of Pathology at UKB, who is also a member of the Transdisciplinary Research Area (TRA) "Life & Health" at the University of Bonn. (innovations-report.com)
  • A better understanding of the function of this organ and of the chronology of sperm maturation may elucidate the etiological background of many idiopathic subfertilities that are related to disorders in sperm maturation. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The study indicates that the protein encoded by this gene is required for normal sperm production. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The head of the sperm contains the DNA, which when combined with the eggs DNA, will create a new individual. (mountsinai.org)
  • For instance, a pointed, tapered or small head may make it hard for the sperm to penetrate the egg's protective layer, while a large or round head can impede its movement towards the egg. (asianinfertility.com)
  • The acrosome is an organelle unique to sperm that covers the apical part of the head. (lishkolab.org)
  • The neck is located between the head and the midpiece of the sperm cell. (lishkolab.org)
  • As well as, it was noticed that sperm head enlargement mimicked the early levels of paternal pronucleus growth in a zygote throughout extended sperm-oocyte extract co-incubation. (eqalix.com)
  • Chronic medical illnesses may directly suppress sex hormone production and sperm production, leading to end-organ failure. (medscape.com)
  • In normal cell biology, ROS levels increase with a decreasing antioxidant response, resulting in oxidative stress which threatens sperm biology. (mdpi.com)
  • Oxidative stress has numerous effects, including increased apoptosis, reduced motion parameters, and reduced sperm integrity. (mdpi.com)
  • ARMC12 is mainly expressed in the midpiece of elongated and late spermatids in the human testis. (nih.gov)
  • It plays a key role during sperm capacitation [ 3 - 6 ] and the acrosomal exocytosis [ 7 - 10 ], where it affects different intracellular signalling pathways. (plos.org)
  • All males were adult, i.e., 22 months of age or older, except one Mexican wolf that reached puberty at 10 months, documented by the presence of good quality sperm. (ivis.org)
  • When they knocked out the gene in mice, it created infertility only in the males, impacting their sperm count, movement and shape. (sciencedaily.com)
  • When this gene is inactivated or inhibited in males, they make sperm that cannot fertilize an egg, and that's a prime target for male contraceptive development. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Here we analyzed reproductive morphology differences among males employing characteristic alternative mating behaviours, and so potentially different conditions of sperm competition and fertilization environment, in the squid Loligo bleekeri . (biomedcentral.com)
  • whereas small sneaker males transfer larger (99 μm) sperm to an external location around the seminal receptacle near the mouth. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, sperm precedence in the seminal receptacle was not biased toward longer sperm, suggesting no evidence for large sperm being favoured in competition for space in the sperm storage organ among sneaker males. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Intra-specific tests are possible where alternative male reproductive tactics, in which consort males guard females and sneaker males steal fertilizations from consort males, result in biased sperm competition risk among males [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Previous studies have tested if differing sperm competition risk leads to different sperm size between tactics, but only one study supported the prediction that sneaker males have longer sperm than consort males [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, even in this study the difference in sperm sizes is thought to be attributable to more variable sperm length within consort males and due to a few consort individuals having unusually short sperm [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This condition, the most common diagnosis for human male infertility, shows a decrease in the amount of sperm produced, slowed mobility and distorted shape so that the sperm are unable to fuse with an egg. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The male reproductive system creates sperm that is manufactured in the seminiferous tubules within each testicle. (mountsinai.org)
  • Similarly, in Drosophila sperm length coevolves with the length of the female reproductive tract as paternity bias is selected by female morphology [ 5 ], and so an optimal sperm morphology that fits with the majority of female reproductive morphologies would be selected, resulting in reduced intra-specific diversity in sperm morphology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the past it was considered necessary to address the reproductive function of a man only if his sperm count was found to be low. (proceptin.com)
  • We added in the high magnifiication option and from a whole straw, they were only able to find 7 good sperm! (sharedjourney.com)
  • Infections can also affect sperm production and quality, especially if left untreated. (asianinfertility.com)
  • CoQ10 in the body has an important antioxidant effect on sperm, supporting overall sperm health. (herbsofgold.com.au)
  • Abnormal sperm morphology means that the sperm have an irregular shape or size, which can affect their ability to fertilize an egg. (asianinfertility.com)
  • The abnormal sperm morphology range can vary depending on the laboratory analyzing the sample, as well as the specific criteria they use to define abnormal morphology. (asianinfertility.com)
  • What Causes Abnormal Sperm? (asianinfertility.com)
  • Exposure to environmental toxins and radiation can also contribute to abnormal sperm production. (asianinfertility.com)
  • Cross section through a seminiferous tubule showing the developing sperm with their tails pointing into the lumen of the tubule. (ucsd.edu)
  • Sperm DNA carries the genetic information needed for fertilization and embryo development. (asianinfertility.com)
  • post-fertilization sperm mitophagy depend on the ubiquitin -binding autophagy receptor, sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1), and the proteasome-interacting ubiquitin ated protein dislocase, valosin-containing protein (VCP). (eqalix.com)
  • These outcomes reveal that the early developmental occasions of post-fertilization sperm mitophagy noticed in porcine zygote will be reconstituted in a cell-free system, which may grow to be a useful gizmo for figuring out extra molecules that regulate mitochondrial inheritance in mammals. (eqalix.com)
  • Sperm evolution is regarded to be one of the major consequences of sperm competition in polyandrous species, however it can also be driven by adaptation to the environmental conditions at the site of fertilization. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We propose that presence of alternative fertilization environments with distinct characteristics (i.e. internal or external), whether or not in combination with the effects of sperm competition, can drive the disruptive evolution of sperm size. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Because sperm traits have a direct impact on fertilization success, they are subject to strong postcopulatory sexual selection forces in polyandrous species [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Aside from the effects of sperm competition, adaptation to fertilization environments can be predicted to have an impact on the evolution of sperm traits. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sperm cell membranes are high in polyunsaturated fatty acids and are sensitive to oxygen free radical induced damage mediated by lipid peroxidation. (scialert.net)
  • Transmission electron micrograph of unstained cryo-section of a sperm cell of the starfish Patiria miniata. (cellimagelibrary.org)
  • Disrupting this protein wouldn't require any hormonal interference, a key hurdle in male contraception since testosterone plays other roles beyond sperm production in men including building bone mass and muscle strength as well as red blood cell production. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Here we explain all the basics of sperm cell anatomy for those who may not have a background in the subject along with images. (lishkolab.org)
  • The sperm have to reach the uterus and the fallopian tube in order to fertilize a womans egg. (mountsinai.org)
  • If sperm are not able to swim efficiently, they may not be able to reach and fertilize an egg. (asianinfertility.com)
  • In the WSU study, the male mice lacking this gene produced 28% less sperm that moved 2.8 times slower than in normal mice - and about 98% of their sperm had abnormal heads and mid-pieces. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This explains why the sperm of male mice with a mutated Actl7b gene is not able to develop the characteristic shape. (innovations-report.com)
  • The fluid portion is known as seminal plasma and sperms are suspended in it. (iasri.res.in)
  • Seminal plasma also contains some specific bio-molecules that are required for sperm metabolism. (iasri.res.in)
  • Each sperm carries a tightly wrapped DNA package of 23 chromosomes and seeks out the most efficient way to deliver this to the waiting 23 chromosomes of the female oocyte, or egg. (herbsofgold.com.au)