Species dna virus infections. Medical search. Frequent questions

Both PIWIL2 and AB3 also help to suppress viral infections. (nationalgeographic.com)
The sequence of events in the pathogenesis of mucocutaneous lesions caused by bacterial, fungal and viral infections is outlined in Figure 26.2 . (schoolbag.info)
Here, we will consider primary infections of the skin and underlying soft tissues, together with mucocutaneous lesions resulting from certain systemic viral infections. (schoolbag.info)
Viral infections are contagious for varying periods of time depending on the virus. (tibot.ai)
Many viral infections resolve on their own without treatment. (tibot.ai)
Other times, treatment of viral infections focuses on symptom relief, not fighting the virus. (tibot.ai)
In addition, the up-regulation of HO was shown to play an important role against bacterial and viral infections. (frontiersin.org)

In the absence of antigenically matched hemagglutinin-based vaccines, DNA vaccination with conserved influenza genes may provide a useful first line of defense against a rapidly spreading pandemic virus. (cdc.gov)
a relatively large, monopartite, double-stranded, linear DNA genome encoding 100-200 genes encased within an icosahedral protein cage (with T=16 symmetry) called the capsid, which is itself wrapped in a protein layer called the tegument containing both viral proteins and viral mRNAs and a lipid bilayer membrane called the envelope. (wikipedia.org)
Within the nucleus, replication of viral DNA and transcription of viral genes occurs. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] During symptomatic infection, infected cells transcribe lytic viral genes. (wikipedia.org)
The iPSCs from all three species were very similar in the genes that they switched on, but the differences were revealing. (nationalgeographic.com)
Important components of this machinery are two enzymes: DNA polymerase, which multiplies the viral genes, and RNA polymerase, which transcribes the viral genes into mRNA. (disabled-world.com)
Previously described virulence-related genes in P. salmonis plasmids were identified by proteomic assays during infection in SHK-1 cells, accompanied by an increase of mobile-related elements. (preprints.org)
Chinese researchers have recently conducted a transfer of genes from plants to insects generally the transfer of genes is done amongst the family members of the same species, but in these case genes happen among the same family that too, a specific species but in this case plant to insect gene transfer has a change in species. (dnanewz.com)
The Silver leaf Whitefly's genes were integrated with plant DNA. (dnanewz.com)
R5 viruses have been related to the activation of genes related to the cell cycle regulation. (acancerjourney.info)
Viruses also participate in the process of evolution by transferring genes among different species. (tibot.ai)
Here, we characterize pteropid APOBEC3 genes and show that species within the genus Pteropus possess the largest and most diverse array of APOBEC3 genes identified in any mammal reported to date. (umn.edu)
Importantly, at least half of the identified Teratorn -like viruses contain piggyBac -like transposase genes, suggesting the generality of the transposon-herpesvirus fusion in teleosts. (biomedcentral.com)

In 1971, the International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) established Herpesvirus as a genus with 23 viruses among four groups. (wikipedia.org)
Among the animal herpesviruses are pseudorabies virus causing Aujeszky's disease in pigs, and bovine herpesvirus 1 causing bovine infectious rhinotracheitis and pustular vulvovaginitis. (wikipedia.org)
Subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae Iltovirus Mardivirus Scutavirus Simplexvirus Varicellovirus Subfamily Betaherpesvirinae Cytomegalovirus Muromegalovirus Proboscivirus Quwivirus Roseolovirus Subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae Bossavirus Lymphocryptovirus Macavirus Manticavirus Patagivirus Percavirus Rhadinovirus Additionally, the species Iguanid herpesvirus 2 is currently unassigned to a genus and subfamily. (wikipedia.org)
Herpesvirus infections, such as those induced by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), induce specific DNA damages. (springer.com)
The viruses that induce cellular DNA damage include members of the herpesvirus group, adenovirus, mumps-virus, measles-virus, rubella-virus, poliovirus and papilloma-virus (Fortunato et al. (springer.com)
15 Herpes B (Herpesvirus simiae) AGENT: DNA Herpesvirus. (wustl.edu)
A few dsDNA viruses of these invertebrates, including White spot syndrome virus, Cherax quadricarinatus iridovirus, Ostreid herpesvirus-1 and the beetle nudivirus, carry copies of FicDs, with phylogenetic analysis suggesting a common origin of these FicD copies and the duplicated FicDs of their invertebrate hosts. (bvsalud.org)
Pseudorabies virus is a DNA herpesvirus. (merckvetmanual.com)
Recently, we identified a novel type of endogenous herpesvirus, which we named " Teratorn ", from the medaka ( Oryzias latipes ) genome, in which the herpesvirus is fused with a piggyBac -like DNA transposon, forming a novel mobile element. (biomedcentral.com)

The problem was that older DNA analysis techniques did not provide enough detail on the bacteria involved to track transmission. (nih.gov)
8 At the same time, scientists began moving toward ways of identifying bacteria using their DNA, even if it didn't involve identifying every last nucleotide. (nih.gov)
HGTs and gene duplications possibly mediated by endogenous viruses or genetic mobile elements seem to have contributed to the transfer of AMPylation ability from bacteria and eukaryotes to pathogenic viruses, where this pathway could have been hijacked to promote viral infection. (bvsalud.org)
Metabolic differences were observed in early-stage infection bacteria, compared to late-stage infections. (preprints.org)
Pilus proteins, beta-hemolysin and the T6SS were characteristic of the early-infection stage, while fimbria, upregulation of 10 toxins or effector proteins, and the Dot/Icm T4SS were representative of the late-infection stage bacteria. (preprints.org)
A major question remaining in the field that had not been answered in over half a century after their discovery was how were the IFN's actually induced by viruses or bacteria? (glenbarberlaboratory.com)
The importance of FADD and RIP1 has also been shown to be significant in drosophila, where these proteins control TLR-independent innate immune gene induction in response to bacteria infection (referred to as the imd pathway). (glenbarberlaboratory.com)
Human skin is home to diverse ecosystems including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. (nih.gov)
In general, bacteria far outnumber viral, fungal, or other microbial species on the skin. (nih.gov)
Severe cases of acne and eczema are commonly treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics, which wipe out most of the bacteria, including beneficial species. (nih.gov)

Monkeypox virus belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus in the family Poxviridae . (cdc.gov)
The Orthopoxvirus genus also includes variola virus (which causes smallpox), vaccinia virus (used in the smallpox vaccine), and cowpox virus. (cdc.gov)
C100104 Sign or Symptom C96388 Pediatric Immunization Terminology C C34797 Malaria Malaria A protozoan infection caused by the genus Plasmodium. (nih.gov)
RESERVOIR AND INCIDENCE: The virus is enzootic in rhesus, cyno and other asiatic monkeys of macaque genus. (wustl.edu)
Monkeypox in humans and animals is caused by infection with the monkeypox virus - a double-stranded DNA virus in the genus Orthopoxvirus, family Poxviridae. (disabled-world.com)
Several species of soft ticks in genus Ornithodoros are known vectors and reservoirs of African swine fever virus (ASFV). (biomedcentral.com)
AAV belongs to the Parvoviridae family and Dependovirus genus, whose members require co-infection with a helper virus such as adenovirus to promote replication, and AAV establishes a latent infection in the absence of a helper. (justia.com)

A/NP+A/M DNA vaccination reduced replication of A/Hong Kong/486/97 (HK/486), a nonlethal H5N1 strain, and protected against lethal challenge with more virulent A/Hong Kong/156/97 (HK/156). (cdc.gov)
As its name implies, AAV is dependent upon the presence of a helper virus, such as an adenovirus or herpes virus, for active replication. (justia.com)
Infection by positive-strand RNA viruses induces extensive remodeling of the host endomembrane system in favor of viral replication and movement. (bvsalud.org)
The integral membrane protein 6K2 of potyviruses induces the formation of membranous virus replication vesicles at the endoplasmic reticulum exit site (ERES). (bvsalud.org)
To that end, this study compared ASFV replication and dissemination as well as virus vertical transmission to descendants between Ornithodoros moubata , O . erraticus , and O . verrucosus in relation to what is known about the ability of these soft tick species to transmit ASFV to pigs. (biomedcentral.com)

Herpes zoster is a painful vesiculobullous dermatitis that results from the localized reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection. (medscape.com)
C100104 Sign or Symptom C96388 Pediatric Immunization Terminology C C97132 Chicken Pox Chicken Pox A contagious childhood disorder caused by the varicella zoster virus. (nih.gov)
VZV, varicella-zoster virus. (schoolbag.info)

Researchers believe that this virus was active 3 to 4 million years ago, after the evolutionary separation of chimpanzees and humans. (nih.gov)
Herpesviridae is a large family of DNA viruses that cause infections and certain diseases in animals, including humans. (wikipedia.org)
More than 90% of adults have been infected with at least one of these, and a latent form of the virus remains in almost all humans who have been infected. (wikipedia.org)
At the onset of the 2003 US monkeypox outbreak, virologic data were unavailable regarding which animal species were involved with virus importation and/or subsequent transmission to humans and whether there was a risk for establishment of zoonotic monkeypox in North America. (nih.gov)
This concept document also discusses information supporting the rationale and the approach for reviewing these viruses, including data on human exposure, an overview of the nature and extent of the scientific information for evaluating carcinogenicity in humans and/or animals, and scientific issues and questions relevant to the evaluation of carcinogenicity. (nih.gov)
There are four species of Plasmodium that can infect humans: Plasmodium falciparum, vivax, ovale, and malariae. (nih.gov)
An international team of researchers - including scientists from The University of Queensland - is studying a virus infecting koalas in the hope it could demonstrate how viruses have altered the DNA of humans and other species throughout history. (technologynetworks.com)
Their studies may lead to a new understanding of the critical molecular factors that permit viruses to jump from one species to another - information that could be helpful in assessing how much of a threat avian influenza is to humans. (sciencedaily.com)
It is no wonder that a recent study ranks the monkeypox virus as one of the most threatening viruses because of the risk of infecting humans, adapting to its new host through mutations, and then spreading exponentially. (disabled-world.com)
Viruses can cross species barriers at anytime and cause novel diseases, known as zoonoses, in humans. (disabled-world.com)
Monkeypox is a zoonotic pox virus infection that can occur in both humans and some other animals. (disabled-world.com)
And at the latest, since the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared the monkeypox outbreak in more than 50 countries an " emergency of international concern " on 23 July, it should be clear to everyone: Viruses can cross species barriers at any time and cause novel diseases, known as zoonoses, in humans. (disabled-world.com)
We know that animals carry many types of viruses in their organism that can pose a threat to humans," says Utz Fischer. (disabled-world.com)
The Maringer Lab is working to understand the fundamental processes that determine how mosquito-borne viruses are transmitted between humans, alongside studies into the mechanisms that drive the global emergence and spread of new mosquito-borne diseases. (surrey.ac.uk)
We are most interested in the flavivirus dengue virus, which is the most significant arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) affecting humans, with an estimated 400 million infections across the globe each year. (surrey.ac.uk)
Our research focuses on the mosquito species Aedes aegypti (the 'yellow fever mosquito') and Aedes albopictus (the 'Asian tiger mosquito'), which are distributed globally across the tropics and subtropics and are vectors for dengue virus and Zika virus as well as other important arboviruses that infect humans (for example yellow fever virus and chikungunya virus). (surrey.ac.uk)
Recent studies show that with the increase of industrialization and pollution because of it, the pollutants have started damaging our DNA and tissues and this, in turn, is speeding up the process of aging amongst humans. (dnanewz.com)
Viruses get a bad rap, but they also perform many important functions for humans, plants, animals, and the environment. (tibot.ai)
Bats have attracted attention in recent years as important reservoirs of viruses deadly to humans and other mammals. (umn.edu)

A recent report on the molecular basis for virulence of H5N1 viruses (6) was accompanied by an article that discussed related public health issues, in which Laver and Garman (7) addressed the problem of how to control pandemics and concluded that currently "the most promising first line of defense" is use of antiviral drugs. (cdc.gov)
Although RIG-I is also known to have a role in the antiviral response to DNA viruses, physiological RNA species recognized by RIG-I during infection with a DNA virus are largely unknown. (nature.com)
Silencing of RNA5SP141 strongly dampened the antiviral response to HSV-1 and the related virus Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), as well as influenza A virus (IAV). (nature.com)
Our findings reveal that antiviral immunity can be triggered by host RNAs that are unshielded following depletion of their respective binding proteins by the virus. (nature.com)
The Committee agreed that, despite the considerable progress that had been made in investigating Variola virus, significant components of this research, most notably the refinement and use of an animal model developed in 2001 and the development of antiviral drugs, were unlikely to be completed by the end of 2002. (who.int)
Because many mosquito-borne viruses lack effective vaccines or antiviral therapies, targeting their mosquito vectors remains one of our most important strategies for preventing human disease. (surrey.ac.uk)
Since the mid-1950's it was known that cells responded to virus infection by secreting potent antiviral cytokines referred to as the interferons (IFN's). (glenbarberlaboratory.com)
However, it was unclear how viruses caused the cell to produce IFN or how they exerted their antiviral function. (glenbarberlaboratory.com)
In general, antiviral medications are most effective when they're taken early on in the course of an initial viral infection or a recurrent outbreak. (tibot.ai)
Different kinds of antiviral medications may be used to treat chickenpox, shingles, herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C , and influenza. (tibot.ai)
The APOBEC3 gene family encodes antiviral DNA cytosine deaminases with important roles in the suppression of diverse viruses and genomic parasites. (umn.edu)
Several bat APOBEC3 proteins are antiviral as demonstrated by restriction of retroviral infectivity using HIV-1 as a model, and recombinant A3Z1 subtypes possess strong DNA deaminase activity. (umn.edu)

Infection with HSV-1 induced relocalization of RNA5SP141 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and virus-induced shutoff of host protein synthesis downregulated the abundance of RNA5SP141 -interacting proteins, which allowed RNA5SP141 to bind RIG-I and induce the expression of type I interferons. (nature.com)
Changes in the activity of DNA repair proteins during viral infection can cause disturbances in the DNA repair system and change its mechanisms. (springer.com)
Sometimes proteins on the outer coat of a virus mutate enough to match the receptors on the cells of species other than ones that the virus usually infects. (sciencedaily.com)
In this chapter, we describe a detailed protocol of how to use endomembrane trafficking pathway-specific chemical inhibitors and organelle-selective fluorescence dye to study the trafficking of potyviral proteins and potyvirus-induced vesicles and to unravel the role of endocytosis and the endocytic pathway in potyvirus infection in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. (bvsalud.org)
What was known was that it was the nucleic acid (genomes) of the viruses that were potently able to trigger IFN production, thus implying a role for cellular RNA or DNA binding receptor-like proteins in triggering this event. (glenbarberlaboratory.com)
It improves the speed of regenerating antibodies and helps build the immune system to fight corona virus proteins in the body. (dnanewz.com)
The nucleocapsid of hepatitis B virus (HBV) allows insertions of heterologous peptides and even complete proteins. (microbiologyresearch.org)
A new gene-expression system based on RNA-5 of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) was constructed to allow the expression of recombinant proteins in virally infected cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Both DNA viruses and RNA viruses at a concentration of approximately 10(6) genome equivalents per ml were reproducibly identified in 50 microl of serum. (nih.gov)
The four-component Herpes simplex virion encompasses the double-stranded DNA genome into an icosahedral nucleocapsid. (wikipedia.org)
A koala virus could help researchers explain millions of years of accumulated 'junk' DNA in the human genome. (technologynetworks.com)
This means that the koala, a species not usually associated with biomedical breakthroughs, is providing key insights into a process that has shaped eight per cent of the human genome, and will likely show us what happened millions of years ago when retroviruses first invaded the human genome. (technologynetworks.com)
The work is interesting, but I'm unclear at this point whether it says that L1 retrotransposition is important in speciation or in genome adaptation," says Haig Kazazian , who studies mobile DNA at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. (nationalgeographic.com)
With the search for agents that can inhibit these molecular machines, the team can exploit a special circumstance: While many viruses draw extensively on the biochemical resources of the host cell for their multiplication, poxviruses encode their molecular machinery in their genome for this purpose. (disabled-world.com)
This Procainamide HCl activity could counteract the effect of APOBEC therefore reducing the effect of hypermutation on HIV genome [12 13 Mutation is an important driving force during the development of biological entities particularly for RNA viruses to which the quasi-species concept has been applied. (acancerjourney.info)
Virions are composed of a 25 nm icosahedral capsid encompassing a 4.9 kb single-stranded DNA genome with two open reading frames: rep and cap. (justia.com)
Here we performed a comprehensive genomic survey searching for Teratorn -like viruses in publicly available genome data and found that they are widely distributed in teleosts, forming a clade within Alloherpesviridae . (biomedcentral.com)
Occasionally, viruses are integrated into the chromosomes of germline cells and become a heritable part of the host genome. (biomedcentral.com)

The more common double-stranded DNA viruses need to have the coiled helix unwind in order to replicate. (sciencedaily.com)
Herpesviruses are double-stranded DNA viruses that infect a wide variety of animals, from vertebrates to invertebrates (e.g. molluscs) [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

However, since great discriminative power is required to study pathogen and host simultaneously throughout the infection process, the depth of quantitative gene expression profiling has proven to be unsatisfactory when focusing on bacterial pathogens, thus preferentially requiring specific strategies or the development of novel methodologies based on complementary omics approaches. (preprints.org)
Indeed, the TLR pathway constitutes an important component of host defense against viral and bacterial infection. (glenbarberlaboratory.com)
Examples of systemic bacterial and fungal infections that cause mucocutaneous lesions are summarized in Table 26.1 . (schoolbag.info)
Different bacterial species predominate in each niche. (nih.gov)
It documents more than 600 bacterial species-including 174 that were discovered during the study-as well as more than 6,900 viruses and some fungi, including three newly discovered species. (nih.gov)

Objective: A restrospective analysis of the clinical picture (inflammatory markers, characteristics of fever, comorbidities) in different clinical manifestations of human adenovirus (HAdV) infections confirmed using point-of-care testing in a group of hospitalized children. (mdpi.com)

3. Extracellular vesicles activate ATM-Chk2 signaling pathway through the intercellular transfer of mitochondrial DNA in HBV-infected human hepatocytes. (nih.gov)
10. Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated-Rad3-related DNA damage checkpoint signaling pathway triggered by hepatitis B virus infection. (nih.gov)

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a 4.7 kb, single stranded DNA virus that contains two open reading frames, rep and cap. (justia.com)
Increasing rate of the infectivity of this single stranded DNA virus forces to study of its transmission in detail for the necessary researches regarding the control of this disease. (preprints.org)

Vaccines using conserved components of influenza A virus can induce protection against many influenza A strains, including those of divergent subtypes. (cdc.gov)
In the new study, Muthumani and colleagues created a novel synthetic DNA vaccine targeting MAYV envelope (E) protein isolated from the major circulating strains of MAYV ("scMAYV-E"). The vaccine's unique design accounts for the natural genetic variability of this major viral surface antigen, and it was optimized to improve its expression in vivo. (wistar.org)
Review of Variola virus strains in the two repositories. (who.int)
Existing RSV and MSV lab strains are laboratory-created artifacts and could not represent faithfully natural virus or viral genomes in natural host cells. (nih.gov)
Researchers studying strains of a lethal canine virus and a related human virus have determined why the canine virus was able to spread so quickly from cats to dogs. (sciencedaily.com)
This chapter focuses on the standard method, specifically from the perspective of plant virus research, and describes a protocol for the initiation of virus infections in plants via infiltration of Agrobacterium strains carrying infectious viral cDNAs (icDNAs). (bvsalud.org)
Ornithodoros moubata ticks were infected with the ASFV strains Liv13/33 (genotype I) or Georgia2007/1 (genotype II), O. erraticus with OurT88/1 (genotype I) or Georgia2007/1 (genotype II), and O. verrucosus with Ukr12/Zapo (genotype II), resulting in five different tick-virus pairs. (biomedcentral.com)
The pseudorabies virus has re-emerged as a significant foreign animal disease pathogen in the USA because of the emergence of highly virulent strains in China. (merckvetmanual.com)

Dr. Michael Emerman at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and his colleagues wondered why our sister species acquired so many copies of this retrovirus while we have none. (nih.gov)
Those making human TRIM5α turned out to be 100 times more resistant to infection by the reconstructed retrovirus. (nih.gov)
Virologist Professor Paul Young, the Head of UQ's School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, said the team has analysed the effects of the retrovirus infection. (technologynetworks.com)
To our knowledge, Teratorn -like virus is the first virus to use DDE transposase (except for retrovirus-like integrase) for endogenization in eukaryotes. (biomedcentral.com)
3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine has been found to possess potent activity against human retrovirus infections particularly HTLV-1 and HTLV-III injections. (gc.ca)
21. A pharmaceutical formulation for use in the treatment or prophylaxis of human retrovirus infections comprising an effective amount of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythy midine in association with a pharmaceutically accept- able carrier. (gc.ca)

PHILADELPHIA - (Feb. 7, 2019) - A novel, synthetic DNA vaccine developed at The Wistar Institute induces protective immunity against Mayaro virus ( MAYV ), a mosquito-borne infection endemic to South America, that has the potential to become a global emerging viral threat. (wistar.org)
Sindbis virus, another alphavirus, also induces vsiRNA production in mammalian somatic cells. (bvsalud.org)
13. Activation of ATM/Chk2 by Zanthoxylum armatum DC extract induces DNA damage and G1/S phase arrest in BRL 3A cells. (nih.gov)
Rta, an immediate-early protein of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), is a transcriptional activator that induces lytic gene expression and triggers virus reactivation. (microbiologyresearch.org)

The potential for analysis of samples for animal DNA had also been recommended in the mission report of the World Health Organization ( WHO )-convened global study of origins of SARS -CoV-2: China Part, released March 2021. (homelandsecuritynewswire.com)

In addition, H5 vaccine candidates, either H5 recombinant protein or a conventional surface antigen vaccine prepared from apathogenic H5N3 virus, have shown suboptimal immunogenicity in human trials ( 4 , 5 ). (cdc.gov)
C100104 Sign or Symptom C96388 Pediatric Immunization Terminology C C14338 Human Papillomavirus-16 Human Papillomavirus-16 HPV-16 A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce skin and mucosal epithelial lesions. (nih.gov)
C14226 Human Papillomavirus C96388 Pediatric Immunization Terminology C C14377 Human Papillomavirus-18 Human Papillomavirus-18 HPV-18 A virus comprised of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a circular, double-stranded DNA organized into coding and non-coding regions, which can induce skin and mucosal epithelial lesions. (nih.gov)
1. Hepatitis B virus X protein activates the ATM-Chk2 pathway and delays cell cycle progression. (nih.gov)
2. Hepatitis B virus X protein activates E3 ubiquitin ligase Siah-1 to control virus propagation via a negative feedback loop. (nih.gov)
4. HBXIP, a binding protein of HBx, regulates maintenance of the G2/M phase checkpoint induced by DNA damage and enhances sensitivity to doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity. (nih.gov)
Those experimental studies focused on repairs of exogenously introduced damage in cellular DNA in the context of single viral protein expression (Becker et al. (springer.com)
Only several of those studies report some evidence of increased cell repair capacity after infection or viral protein overexpression (Chipitsyna et al. (springer.com)
Parvoviruses are single-stranded DNA viruses that package one strand of DNA in a protective shell, called a protein capsid. (sciencedaily.com)
For example, we use 'proteomics' methods to measure every protein in a given sample, which can tell us how mosquito cells respond when infected with dengue or Zika virus (e.g. does the immune system activate? (surrey.ac.uk)
Protein-protein interactions play a critical role in plant viral infection and defense responses against pathogens. (bvsalud.org)
By following this protocol, researchers can advance on understanding of the crucial role of protein-protein interactions in plant viral infection and defense responses to other pathogen attacks. (bvsalud.org)
It is a small particle of genetic material (either DNA or RNA) that are surrounded by a protein coat. (tibot.ai)
The present disclosure provides adeno-associated virus (AAV) virions with altered capsid protein, where the AAV virions exhibit greater infectivity of retinal cells, when administered via intravitreal injection, compared to wild-type AAV. (justia.com)
Moreover, while other, more distant coronaviruses do have FCSs, the protein components (amino acids) in the SARS-CoV-2 furin cleavage site are coded for by a set of nucleotides in its RNA that are rarely found in the other viruses, making natural recombination between viruses unlikely . (cei.org)

Because of the ability of HBV to cross species barriers, large reservoirs of infection in gibbons may hamper ongoing attempts at permanent eradication of HBV infection from human populations in South-East Asia through immunization. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Retroviruses like HIV copy their genetic information during infection and insert it into the DNA of the host they're infecting. (nih.gov)
Viral transmissibility through this insect vector may depend on the genetic variations within the cryptic species groups. (preprints.org)
DNA collected from foregone human bones has rewritten early Japanese history by emphasizing that the present population of Japanese has a Trinitarian genetic origin. (dnanewz.com)
Infections with CCR5 and CXCR4 pseudotyped computer virus resulted in different patterns of genetic diversification. (acancerjourney.info)
Viruses infect a host by introducing their genetic material into the cells and hijacking the cell's internal machinery to make more virus particles. (tibot.ai)
As she ventures from bucolic barnyards to a "frozen zoo" where scientists are storing DNA from the planet's most exotic creatures, she discovers how we can use cloning to protect endangered species, craft prosthetics to save injured animals, and employ genetic engineering to supply farms with disease-resistant livestock. (barnesandnoble.com)
We propose that piggyBac -like elements and Teratorn -like viruses have co-existed for a long time, and that fusion of the two mobile genetic elements occurred frequently in teleosts. (biomedcentral.com)
In order to gain an understanding of the evolutionary relationship between these two genetic elements, we performed a comprehensive search for Teratorn -like viruses and piggyBac -like elements in vertebrates and compared their phylogeny. (biomedcentral.com)
Recently, new genotypes, subtypes and recombinant SRLV viruses have been described widening significantly their genetic and antigenic heterogeneity, likely conferring them a wider spectrum of cell and host tropism. (biomedcentral.com)

11. Jaridonin-induced G2/M phase arrest in human esophageal cancer cells is caused by reactive oxygen species-dependent Cdc2-tyr15 phosphorylation via ATM-Chk1/2-Cdc25C pathway. (nih.gov)
2. Cross reactive immunity stimulated by Herpes simplex infection or Herpes zoster (chicken pox). (wustl.edu)

RIG-I detects viral genomic RNA during negative-strand RNA virus infection. (nature.com)
Detection of mpox virus by genomic sequencing in a clinical specimen. (cdc.gov)

The virus also compromises immune system, which is the reason why parrots often die of secondary infections caused by viruses, fungi and protozoa. (eurovetgene.com)

This capsid has 161 capsomers consisting of 150 hexons and 11 pentons, as well as a portal complex that allows entry and exit of DNA into the capsid. (wikipedia.org)
The present invention provides mutant adeno-associated virus (AAV) that exhibit altered capsid properties, e.g., reduced binding to neutralizing antibodies in serum and/or altered heparin binding and/or altered infectivity of particular cell types. (justia.com)

Herpesviruses are a large family of DNA viruses, most of which do not have the ability to endogenize into host genomes. (biomedcentral.com)

Herpesviruses can cause both latent and lytic infections. (wikipedia.org)
The virus remains latent and may reactivate spontaneously or in ties of stress resulting in virus shedding. (wustl.edu)

The scMAYV-E DNA vaccine was administered by intramuscular injection followed by electroporation, pulses of electricity designed to make cells more permeable to foreign DNA and enhance vaccine uptake, which allows for dose-sparing. (wistar.org)
Immunization with scMAYV-E induced potent protective and MAYV -specific immune responses in mice, including both MAYV infection-neutralizing antibodies as well as cellular responses to multiple regions of MAYV -E. Importantly, the scMAYV-E vaccine provided complete protection from death and clinical signs of infection in a MAYV -challenge mouse model. (wistar.org)
The robust immunogenicity of the scMAYV-E vaccine demonstrated here supports the need for further testing of this vaccine as a viable means to halt the spread of this virus and protect individuals at risk from MAYV disease," added Muthumani. (wistar.org)
Protective immunity by an engineered DNA Vaccine for Mayaro Virus, PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2019). (wistar.org)
The apparent changing epidemiology of the disease, the current reliance on the public health system for testing and access to vaccine, and the need for prompt public health response to identified cases for the purposes of reducing spread all support the need for a standardized case definition and national notifiability for mpox virus infection. (cdc.gov)
An experimental vaccine developed in Europe to prevent infection by Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) has protected cynomolgus macaques in a new collaborative study from National Institutes of Health scientists. (nih.gov)
The animals received the DNA-based candidate vaccine through intramuscular injection immediately followed by electroporation-a process in development for human vaccines that helps cells absorb DNA. (nih.gov)
Through regular blood tests, the researchers confirmed that the candidate vaccine generated protective antibodies against the virus. (nih.gov)
A DNA-based vaccine confers significant protection from CCHFV infection in Cynomolgus macaques. (nih.gov)
The role of viruses and other infectious agents in the etiology of cancer is an important goal for public health - for vaccine development and for identifying populations at risk. (nih.gov)
The virus spreads by direct contact, and can be prevented by prophylaxis with the polio vaccine. (nih.gov)
Hyperimmune human B-virus globulin or vaccine is not currently available. (wustl.edu)

Another recent report showed a higher capability of R5 viruses to induce a specific host DNA restoration mechanism including a dUTP eliminating enzyme when compared to X4 viruses [11]. (acancerjourney.info)

May 20, 1974 TO: Dr. Harold Varmus FROM: Dr. Robert Huebner SUBJECT: MS. -- Detection of new and additional virus-specific DNA sequences in chick embryo fibroblasts after infection by RSV. (nih.gov)
Working with the sequences, Shackelton traced backwards to construct a phylogenetic tree showing when mutations in the virus became fixed and started being transmitted from generation to generation. (sciencedaily.com)
Furthermore, it has recently been reported that sequences of Teratorn -like viruses are widely distributed in teleost genomes [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The present invention is in the field of recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors. (justia.com)

As of 2020, 115 species are recognized, all but one of which are in one of the three subfamilies. (wikipedia.org)

In this paper the evidence of a virucidal effect of BR against human herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and the enterovirus EV71 was provided. (frontiersin.org)

These drugs, however, reduce symptoms and duration of disease only partially (8) , and their effectiveness during H5N1 infection is unknown. (cdc.gov)
For other discussions of HIV infection, see HIV Disease , Pediatric HIV Infection , and Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Infection . (medscape.com)
Mpox (previously named monkeypox) is a zoonotic disease that is caused by infection with mpox virus. (cdc.gov)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) can confirm the presence of mpox virus and determine the clade (West African (Clade II) or Congo Basin clade (Clade I)) by mpox virus species-specific RT-PCR. (cdc.gov)
Approximately 10% of cancers in the United States and 17.8% worldwide are linked to infectious disease, and 12% of cancers worldwide are caused by viruses (Carrillo- Infante, et al. (nih.gov)
significant number of people living in the United States are or have been infected with these viruses and they present an important public health concern for disease mortality and morbidity both in the United States and worldwide. (nih.gov)
Providing information in the RoC on these viruses would increase public awareness and improve the public's understanding of disease prevention. (nih.gov)
For some viruses, information on incidence of infection or disease associated with infection is available. (nih.gov)
The use of molecular markers for HPV18 infection may allow the identification of patients with early stage cervical cancer and those at high risk for disease recurrence. (nih.gov)
He said new retroviruses within a species could continue to replicate with disastrous consequences but, over time, their disease-causing effects usually stopped and either took on new functions or became inert 'junk' DNA. (technologynetworks.com)
Today, as the cost and time required to sequence genomes has plummeted, more hospitals and health-care agencies are turning to WGS to study disease outbreaks, and the method promises to revolutionize standard methods of infection control and contact tracing during outbreaks. (nih.gov)
This disease has been described as one of the most feared infections of non-human primate handlers. (wustl.edu)
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the etiological agent of African swine fever (ASF), a severe disease of swine that can result in up to 100% mortality in populations of domestic pigs and wild boar. (biomedcentral.com)
In parts of Africa where ASFV is endemic, soft tick vectors enable the persistence of virus transmission within a sylvatic cycle involving warthogs, and occasionally serve as a source of infection for reemergence of the disease in domestic pigs [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Psitaccine beak and feather disease virus (PBFD) is a DNA test for birds. (eurovetgene.com)
Viruses are numerically the most abundant organismal entities on earth and their interactions with host organisms range from symbiosis to infectious disease. (biomedcentral.com)

Laver and Garman further commented that various experimental vaccines, including DNA vaccines, may be more promising for pandemic control. (cdc.gov)
DNA vaccines have a remarkable safety record in numerous clinical trials, can be designed and manufactured readily, and can be distributed cost-effectively, making them an important tool for combating emerging infectious diseases like MAYV especially in resource-poor settings, where they often arise. (wistar.org)
He did his post-doctoral training at the University of Washington, Seattle, USA and briefly worked on developing vaccines against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection. (glenbarberlaboratory.com)

Similar to infections caused by dengue or chikungunya viruses, MAYV infection causes fever, rash, headache, nausea, and vomiting for prolonged periods in many people and can lead to persistent and debilitating muscle and joint pain in some patients. (wistar.org)

Since they're DNA viruses and replicate with host-cell machinery, it was just assumed that we should see rates of mutation more on par with those of their hosts and other DNA viruses," said Shackelton. (sciencedaily.com)
Indeed, controlling translation after virus infection constitutes an important component of host defense, especially since many viruses, in fact most RNA viruses, replicate exclusively in the cytoplasm of the cell. (glenbarberlaboratory.com)

LRN laboratories can provide real-time polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) to detect the presence of non-variola orthopoxvirus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (cdc.gov)
Several methods have been devised recently for very sensitive detection of Variola virus DNA and to distinguish this DNA from that of other orthopoxviruses, the most promising being analysis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of restriction fragment length polymorphisms, multiplex PCR and real-time PCR with fluorigenic probes. (who.int)
During short-patch BER, 5′dRP is displaced by DNA polymerase β (Polβ), which inserts a single nucleotide. (springer.com)
Phyllanthus blocks DNA polymerase, the enzyme needed for the hepatitis B virus to reproduce. (diagnose-me.com)

My research group is working to improve our understanding how the molecular interactions of dengue virus and other flaviviruses with their mosquito vectors contribute to the transmission and global emergence of these viruses. (surrey.ac.uk)
I was then funded by the Wellcome Trust to study the molecular interactions between dengue virus and its human host and mosquito vector on a postdoctoral fellowship split between the labs of Professor Ana Fernandez-Sesma (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA) and Dr. Andrew Davidson (University of Bristol, UK). (surrey.ac.uk)
By comparing related and unrelated arboviruses in this way, we can pinpoint virus-specific and broadly-applicable molecular mechanisms that drive the transmission, emergence and global spread of flaviviruses like dengue virus and Zika virus. (surrey.ac.uk)

C14226 Human Papillomavirus C96388 Pediatric Immunization Terminology C C29888 Mumps Mumps A contagious viral infection caused by the mumps virus. (nih.gov)

Nevertheless, photoplankton seldom suffer from serious photodynamic and DNA damage in vivo, suggesting that their cells contain protective antioxidative mechanisms and other protective compounds. (life-enhancement.com)
The viral infection process is very complex and driven by many mechanisms. (springer.com)
The control aspects of the five DNA repair mechanisms in virus-infected cells have not been well characterized. (springer.com)
Shackelton wanted to understand the process of host-switching, the molecular mechanisms viruses employ to jump from one species to another. (sciencedaily.com)
Most of his post-doctoral work, however, focused on studying mechanisms of host defense against viral infection. (glenbarberlaboratory.com)
However, the underlying mechanisms of vector competence for ASFV across Ornithodoros species remain to be fully understood. (biomedcentral.com)
Being located predominantly in the nucleus, Rta can exert its transactivation function through either direct DNA binding or certain indirect mechanisms mediated by cellular signalling and other transcriptional factors. (microbiologyresearch.org)

DNA virus, Infectious carriers. (nih.gov)
C27864 Parasitic Infection C96388 Pediatric Immunization Terminology C C35550 Acute Poliomyelitis Poliomyelitis Polio An acute infectious disorder that affects the nervous system. (nih.gov)
The transmission of infectious agents from reservoir animal populations, often from domesticated species to wildlife in shared pastures or breeding areas (spill-over), may lead to the emergence of a range of infectious diseases in the wildlife. (biomedcentral.com)

Virulence factors related to membrane, LPS and surface component modifications, cell motility, toxins and secretion systems also varied between the infection stages. (preprints.org)

Multiple tissues were found suitable for DNA detection and/or virus isolation. (nih.gov)
pollutants like smoke, UV rays, and industrial chemicals are damaging our DNA and tissues. (dnanewz.com)
An appreciation of the structure of the skin helps in understanding the different sorts of infection to which the skin and its underlying tissues are prone ( Fig. 26.1 ). (schoolbag.info)

Although prevention by vaccination is more desirable than treatment after infection, conventional immunization strategies have major limitations. (cdc.gov)
The potential for this virus to spread beyond its historical geographic range, as Zika virus did a few years ago, makes the creation of an effective immunization strategy even more pressing. (wistar.org)
C96411 Pediatric Viral Infection C96388 Pediatric Immunization Terminology C C3303 Pain Pain The sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony, resulting from the stimulation of specialized nerve endings. (nih.gov)
C96411 Pediatric Viral Infection C96388 Pediatric Immunization Terminology C C84392 Mental Retardation Mental Retardation A developmental disorder characterized by less than average intelligence and significant limitations in adaptive behavior with onset before the age of 18. (nih.gov)

It appears from literature that human cytomegalovirus enhances DNA repair capacity in host cells, without producing detectable lesions in cellular DNA or inhibiting DNA synthesis (Nishiyama and Rapp 1981 ). (springer.com)
The virus has been isolated from animals that had no visible lesions. (wustl.edu)

Three species are known to infect man: BK virus, JC virus, and a simian virus, SV40. (medscape.com)

Animal studies have demonstrated potent and long-lasting heterosubtypic immunity, that is, exposure to a virus of one subtype protects against challenge infection with another subtype ( 10 - 15 ). (cdc.gov)

All herpesviruses are nuclear-replicating-the viral DNA is transcribed to mRNA within the infected cell's nucleus. (wikipedia.org)

Identification of previously unrecognized viral agents in serum or plasma samples is of great medical interest but remains a major challenge, primarily because of abundant host DNA. (nih.gov)
For some retroviruses (but not HIV), the insertion into the host DNA can be passed down from one generation to the next. (nih.gov)
In this fashion, the virus can persist in the cell (and thus the host) indefinitely. (wikipedia.org)
Using next-generation RNA sequencing (RNAseq), we found that host-derived RNAs, most prominently 5S ribosomal RNA pseudogene 141 ( RNA5SP141 ), bound to RIG-I during infection with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). (nature.com)
These data extend the potential host range for monkeypox virus infection and supports concern regarding the potential for establishment in novel reservoir species and ecosystems. (nih.gov)
Viruses penetrate the interior of cells by binding to receptors on the host cell's surface. (sciencedaily.com)
Once in a new species, the virus either dies out or is preserved and adds mutations that enable it to move from host to host within the new species. (sciencedaily.com)
We found the carnivore parvoviruses to be an excellent model for studying the molecular changes that accompany host-switching," she said, "because it's one of the very few viruses for which we have adequate sequence data before and after the cross-species transfer. (sciencedaily.com)
Once in the host cell, this strand acts as the template, and the virus replicates through a double-stranded intermediate. (sciencedaily.com)
Although transcriptomic studies of P. salmonis and its host have been performed, dual host-pathogen proteomic approaches during infection are still missing. (preprints.org)
The lab subsequently confirmed the importance of PKR in protecting the host against infection by certain RNA viruses using animal models. (glenbarberlaboratory.com)
Viruses cannot reproduce without the assistance of a host. (tibot.ai)
With an active viral infection, a virus makes copies of itself and bursts the host cell (killing it) to set the newly-formed virus particles free. (tibot.ai)
In ot her cases, virus particles bud off the host cell over a period of time before killing the host cell. (tibot.ai)
For example, some viruses protect the host against other infections. (tibot.ai)
Contagiousness refers to the ability of a virus to be transmitted from one person (or host) to another. (tibot.ai)
Others prevent viruses from entering host cells. (tibot.ai)
Swine are the primary host, but other species are also occasionally infected. (merckvetmanual.com)

DNA damage normally triggers activities of the cellular DNA repair machinery. (springer.com)
and whether these viruses alter the cellular environment for their own benefit (e.g. do they steal the cell's nutrients? (surrey.ac.uk)
Some authors also reported that cellular transcriptional modulations are mostly a consequence of the interaction between the virus and its co-receptor rather than to the binding to CD4 receptor itself [9]. (acancerjourney.info)

Ocular manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have historically been common. (medscape.com)

Over 90% of the general population develops serologic evidence of a VZV infection by adolescence and the prevalence of VZV infection is ~100% by 60 years old. (medscape.com)

Basic DNA analysis in the hospital's clinical laboratory showed the strain had the same specific molecular pattern as the soldier's. (nih.gov)
Their findings may lead to a new understanding of the critical molecular factors that permit viruses to jump from one species to another. (sciencedaily.com)
These studies, therefore, allow observing how the molecular machinery acts when the virus multiplies. (disabled-world.com)
Glen N. Barber obtained his Ph.D in molecular virology (working on Hemorrhagic viruses) in 1989 from Porton Down and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London University. (glenbarberlaboratory.com)

Monkeypox DNA was detected in at least 33 animals, and virus was cultured from 22. (nih.gov)
Detection of monkeypox virus with real-time PCR assays. (nih.gov)
Subsequent reports, like that of Bavaria's public broadcasting service Bayerischer Rundfunk - "Study: monkeypox pathogen mutates faster than expected" - or that of the German weekly news magazine Der Spiegel - "Doctor says of monkeypox: 'We have gone past the point in time where the virus could still have been stopped completely'" , did nothing to calm the situation. (disabled-world.com)

But even enhanced infection control procedures such as deep cleaning and restrictions on visitors weren't stopping the outbreak, leading hospital officials to conclude the pathogen likely was being transmitted through the environment rather than directly from person to person. (nih.gov)
If they could identify the environmental source of the infection, they could stop the outbreak. (nih.gov)
Raccoon dogs and masked palm civets have also been found with infections of viruses that are almost identical to the one that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome, which is related to SARS -CoV-2 and caused an outbreak in people in 2003. (homelandsecuritynewswire.com)
One of the newly revealed State Department cables reports that "Beijing Knew [about the outbreak] Earlier than They Admit" but muzzled local officials and "Restricted Disclosure of Virus Information and Samples. (cei.org)

We followed the Great methodology Procainamide HCl to sequence virtually the entire proviral DNA from all experimental infections. (acancerjourney.info)

Mitochondrial DNA would be analyzed in this process. (dnanewz.com)
Last week, researchers released a report linking SARS -CoV-2 to six near-complete samples of raccoon-dog mitochondrial DNA sold at the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan. (homelandsecuritynewswire.com)
Particularly notable was the raccoon-dog mitochondrial DNA found in six samples from two stalls. (homelandsecuritynewswire.com)

Another method used for detection of virus is immunological testing based on ELISA. (eurovetgene.com)
Thus, although direct detection of virus was not successfully achieved in vivo, these findings show the potential susceptibility of wild ruminants to SRLV infection in the case of red deer and, on the other hand, an in vivo SRLV restriction in fallow deer. (biomedcentral.com)

The predictive value of the CD4 + T-cell count for ocular complications in HIV infection has been called into question by reports of CMV retinitis in patients with CD4 + cell counts higher than 200 cells/µL. (medscape.com)
In vivo ligands of MDA5 and RIG-I in measles virus-infected cells. (nature.com)
We find that a wild-type alphavirus, Semliki Forest virus (SFV), triggers the Dicer-dependent production of virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) in both mammalian somatic cells and adult mice. (bvsalud.org)
6. Sustained CHK2 activity, but not ATM activity, is critical to maintain a G1 arrest after DNA damage in untransformed cells. (nih.gov)
18. Oxidative DNA damage is involved in ochratoxin A-induced G2 arrest through ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) pathways in human gastric epithelium GES-1 cells in vitro. (nih.gov)
By comparing our cells to those of our closest relatives, chimpanzees and bonobos, Carol Marchetto and Inigo Narvaiza from the Salk Institute for Biological studies have shown that we keep these slippery bits of DNA under a particularly tight leash. (nationalgeographic.com)
Additional problems with rAAV vectors include limited tissue dispersion for serotypes that employ heparan sulfate as a receptor (AAV2 and 3), poor infection of non-permissive cell types such as stem cells, challenges with high efficiency targeting of gene delivery to selected cell populations, and a finite transgene carrying capacity. (justia.com)
Our approach is to use cutting-edge 'omics' technologies to profile global responses of mosquito cells to viral infection. (surrey.ac.uk)
CCR5 and CXCR4 pseudotyped viruses were utilized to infect stimulated and non-stimulated PBMCs and purified CD4 positive cells. (acancerjourney.info)
Usually R5 infections are located at first stages of an infection and X4 infections are more regularly linked to T Compact disc4 positive cells decay and Helps development [1-3]. (acancerjourney.info)
However variations in the same range of magnitude were not observed when R5 tropic pseudotyped viruses infected either PBMCs or purified non stimulated CD4 positive cells. (acancerjourney.info)
On the other hand, some viruses infect a given target cell, and plasmodia invade erythrocytes because they have specific attachment sites for these cells. (schoolbag.info)
Either way, new virus particles are then free to infect other cells. (tibot.ai)
Bilirubin-IX-alpha inhibited viral infection of Hep-2 and Vero cells when given 2 h before, concomitantly and 2 h after viral infection. (frontiersin.org)
In vitro cultured skin fibroblastic cells from red deer and fallow deer were permissive to the SRLV entry and integration, but produced low quantities of virus. (biomedcentral.com)

It's one way viruses can hide from immune system attack. (nih.gov)
DNA damages can lead to cell mutation, death, apoptosis and immune system activation. (springer.com)
In the late 1990's and early 2000's a number of laboratories started to prove the importance of the Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) family in recognizing microbial infection and stimulating innate immune gene transcription, including IFN. (glenbarberlaboratory.com)
In different infections, the starting point (arrival of microbe or toxin or immune complex) and the final picture (e.g. maculopapular rash, vesicle) will be different. (schoolbag.info)
These infections are typically nonpathogenic in bats raising questions about innate immune differences that might exist between bats and othermammals. (umn.edu)

People with the condition have recurrent infections in the skin, sinuses, and airways, and are susceptible to different cancers. (nih.gov)

The report says that "These results provide potential leads to identifying intermediate hosts of SARS -CoV-2 and potential sources of human infections in the market. (homelandsecuritynewswire.com)
The researchers were looking for evidence of mammals, which could have been intermediate hosts of the virus. (homelandsecuritynewswire.com)
The virus is enveloped and, therefore, inactivated by drying, sunlight, and high temperatures (≥37°C [98.6°F]). Dead-end hosts, such as dogs, cats, or wildlife, can transmit the virus between farms, but these animals survive only 2-3 days after becoming infected. (merckvetmanual.com)

TREATMENT: Anti viral therapy with Acyclovir (9-[2-hydroxyethoxymethyl] guanine), both in vivo and in vitro efficacy against B-virus has been demonstrated. (wustl.edu)

COLD SPRING HARBOR, NEW YORK -- In an important, comprehensive, and timely review, an expert team from the University of California Berkeley details the methodologies used in nucleic acid-based tests for detecting the presence of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. (cshlpress.com)

In May 1999, the Fifty-second World Health Assembly by resolution WHA52.10 authorized temporary retention up to not later than 2002 of the existing stocks of Variola virus at the two current locations,1 for the purpose of further international research. (who.int)
Assembly regarding their proposals for the date of final destruction of the remaining stocks of variola virus. (who.int)
Further, during extensive discussion about the potential availability of an animal model, additional research was identified that would necessitate access to live Variola virus stocks after the expected 2002 destruction date. (who.int)
The Committee's main recommendation, therefore, was that serious consideration should be given to further extending the deadline for the destruction of Variola virus in order to allow essential research to be completed. (who.int)

The preprint also posited that all SARS -CoV-2-positive samples in the market were the result of human infections, claiming that the market was a site of amplification of an already widespread epidemic. (homelandsecuritynewswire.com)
It is undisputed that the first human infections with SARS-CoV-2-the virus that causes Covid-19-were in the Chinese city of Wuhan in late 2019. (cei.org)

However, a reported case of MAYV infection in Haiti in 2015 and laboratory evidence suggest that multiple mosquito species can transmit MAYV , highlighting the potential for further uncontrolled expansion of MAYV into tropical regions of the Caribbean and Central and South America. (wistar.org)

Only one serotype of pseudorabies virus is recognized, but strain differences have been identified, particularly in China, where a highly virulent type has been reported. (merckvetmanual.com)
Pseudorabies virus can be transmitted via nose-to-nose or fecal-oral contact. (merckvetmanual.com)
Clinical signs of pseudorabies virus in pigs depend on the age of the affected animal. (merckvetmanual.com)

Organisms15

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs7

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Phenomena and Processes3

Information Science1

Viral infections7

Genes13

Herpesvirus9

Bacteria10

Genus7

Replication5

Varicella-zoste3

Humans19

Antiviral12

Proteins8

Genome10

Double-stranded DNA viruses2

Bacterial5

Adenovirus1

Signaling pathway2

Single stranded DNA virus2

Strains8

Retrovirus6

Induces4

20211

Protein15

Cross species barriers1

Genetic9

Reactive2

Genomic2

Fungi1

Capsid2

Large family of DNA viruses1

Latent2

Vaccine12

Induce1

Sequences3

Recombinant1

20201

Herpes simplex vi1

Disease16

Vaccines3

Chikungunya1

Replicate2

Polymerase4

Dengue3

Mumps virus1

Mechanisms7

Infectious3

Virulence1

Tissues3

Immunization4

Lesions2

Simian virus1

Immunity1

Herpesviruses1

Host18

Cellular3

Manifestations1

Prevalence1

Molecular4

Monkeypox3

Outbreak4

Experimental1

Mitochondrial3

Detection2

Cells15

Immune5

Recurrent1

Hosts3

Vivo1

Nucleic acid1

Variola virus4

Human infections2

Mosquito species1

Pseudorabies virus3