• Reportedly, thiopental has been shown to be superior to pentobarbital in reducing intracranial pressure. (wikipedia.org)
  • Under pressure from groups opposed to the death penalty, manufacturers have refused to provide sodium thiopental or a similar drug called pentobarbital for use in executions. (wgbh.org)
  • The state has said it will again use thiopental sodium or pentobarbital, both powerful sedatives, for executions. (citybeat.com)
  • In January, Ohio officials announced the state would switch over to pentobarbital, a barbiturate, or sodium thiopental, an anesthetic. (ibtimes.co.uk)
  • The shortage of pentobarbital and sodium thiopental has led to the current use of midazolam as part of a two- or three-drug concoction. (thedailycougar.com)
  • Texas is also swapping out sodium thiopental in favor of pentobarbital in its three-drug cocktail. (correctionalnews.com)
  • Complicating matters, neither of those drugs - sodium thiopental and pentobarbital - is available in the United States after their manufacturers put them off-limits for executions. (dailyadvocate.com)
  • Sodium thiopental, also known as Sodium Pentothal (a trademark of Abbott Laboratories), thiopental, thiopentone, or Trapanal (also a trademark), is a rapid-onset short-acting barbiturate general anesthetic. (wikipedia.org)
  • The first drug is an anesthetic (sodium thiopental), followed by a paralytic agent (pancuronium bromide), and, finally, a drug that causes the heart to stop beating (potassium chloride). (hrw.org)
  • First, the inmate would be injected with sodium thiopental, an anesthetic that was supposed to prevent the inmate from feeling the effects of the drugs that would kill them. (vox.com)
  • In both Belgium and the Netherlands, where active euthanasia is allowed by law, the standard protocol recommends sodium thiopental as the ideal agent to induce coma, followed by pancuronium bromide to paralyze muscles and stop breathing. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lethal injection is used for capital punishment by the Federal Government and 36 States, at least 30 of which (including Kentucky) use the same combination of three drugs: The first, sodium thiopental, induces unconsciousness when given in the specified amounts and thereby ensures that the prisoner does not experience any pain associated with the paralysis and cardiac arrest caused by the second and third drugs, pancuronium bromide and potassium chloride. (justia.com)
  • Past executions have typically involved injecting prisoners with a three-drug "cocktail" of sodium thiopental, pancuronium bromide and potassium chloride. (newscientist.com)
  • But most states continue to find it increasingly difficult to acquire the drugs needed for executions, particularly sodium thiopental. (bbc.co.uk)
  • Sodium thiopental is one of the key drugs used in executions in Alabama. (eji.org)
  • South Dakota, which announced it had purchased enough sodium thiopental to carry out the executions of its two death row inmates, did not say how it obtained the drug. (correctionalnews.com)
  • But supplies of sodium thiopental dried up , at least for executioners, around 2010 - in part because pharmaceutical companies refused to sell the drug for use in executions, and in part because the European Union forbids companies from exporting drugs for such a purpose. (vox.com)
  • Kayem Pharmaceutical was fast becoming a major supplier of sodium thiopental, a sedative in the three-drug lethal injection cocktail that most of the 34 death penalty states use. (correctionalnews.com)
  • Authorities have said that because of a nationwide shortage, they don't expect to obtain more of the drug, the sedative sodium thiopental, until early next year. (sfappeal.com)
  • In addition to anesthesia induction, sodium thiopental was historically used to induce medical comas. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sodium thiopental is an ultra-short-acting barbiturate and has been used commonly in the induction phase of general anesthesia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sodium thiopental, and the barbiturate class of drugs, decrease neuronal activity thereby decreasing cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO2), decrease the cerebrovascular response to carbon dioxide, which in turn decreases intracranial pressure. (wikipedia.org)
  • The first drug is a barbiturate-sodium thiopental-which renders the prisoner unconscious. (thedailycougar.com)
  • Sodium amytal (amobarbital, amylobarbitone, Amytal) is an intermediate-acting barbiturate. (espionageinfo.com)
  • There has been a shortage of sodium thiopental since its main U.S. manufacturer, Lake Forest, Ill.-based Hospira, stopped making the drug this year. (ibtimes.com)
  • In its haste to acquire sodium thiopental in the midst of a nationwide shortage, the Alabama Department of Corrections appears to have purchased illegal drugs," said EJI Director Bryan Stevenson. (eji.org)
  • The sodium thiopental supply shortage began when Hospira, Inc. of Lake Forest, Ill., stopped making the drug last year and grew worse in January when the company announced it would not resume production. (correctionalnews.com)
  • In veterinary medicine, sodium thiopental is used to induce anesthesia in animals. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sodium thiopental would have to be given in large amounts to maintain unconsciousness during anaesthesia due to its rapid redistribution throughout the body (as it has a high volume of distribution). (wikipedia.org)
  • The first shot of sodium thiopental will bring on unconsciousness. (time.com)
  • Sodium thiopental is part of the chemical cocktail used in lethal injections. (ibtimes.com)
  • The first drug in the original cocktail was sodium thiopental. (wgbh.org)
  • and mandates that if, as determined by the warden and deputy, the prisoner is not unconscious within 60 seconds after the sodium thiopental's delivery, a new dose will be given at a secondary injection site before the second and third drugs are administered. (justia.com)
  • The department made the change after the provider of one of the drugs used previously, sodium thiopental, stopped shipping it. (kut.org)
  • A normal dose of sodium thiopental (usually 4-6 mg/kg) given to a pregnant woman for operative delivery (caesarean section) rapidly makes her unconscious, but the baby in her uterus remains conscious. (wikipedia.org)
  • Embryos and fetuses were extracted via a ventral incision on the abdominal and uterine walls of one pregnant doe each day after euthanization with thiopental sodium at the dose of 31 mg/kg body weight intravenously. (ac.ir)
  • The Department of Corrections made an announcement this afternoon that it will switch from sodium thiopental to pentobarbitol in its lethal injection protocol. (amnestyusa.org)
  • Replacing the supply of sodium thiopental amounts to nothing more than rearranging the deck chairs on the Titanic. (amnestyusa.org)
  • The Drug Enforcement Administration seized Georgia's entire supply of sodium thiopental in March amid questions in a condemned inmate ' s lawsuit about whether Georgia circumvented the law in obtaining the drug from an English company. (correctionalnews.com)
  • Nebraska Department of Correctional Services Commissioner announced Nov. 3 that the state had received a new 485-gram supply of sodium thiopental Oct. 25 for $5,411 and named Naari as the manufacturer. (ibtimes.com)
  • New evidence has emerged that suggests that the Alabama Department of Corrections may have violated federal law by acquiring sodium thiopental from the Tennessee Department of Corrections, whose supply has since been seized by the Drug Enforcement Administration due to concerns it was illegally obtained. (eji.org)
  • The new documents, which were reviewed by EJI, reveal that Alabama's most recent batch of sodium thiopental - and the only batch known to be unexpired - was obtained from the Tennessee Department of Corrections one week before the DEA seized its supply on March 22. (eji.org)
  • Intervention 1: Intervention group 1: In this group, after lying on the bed and monitoring connection, patients received 5 mg/kg Sodium Thiopental from Jaber Ibn Hayyan company and 0.3 mg/kg Succinylcholine made by Caspian company for anesthesia and then under Electroconvulsive therapy with energy. (who.int)
  • According to the Times, the state obtained a license to import sodium thiopental from the federal Drug Enforcement Administration. (ibtimes.co.uk)
  • Corrections spokeswoman Dawn-Renee Smith said the state still has its sodium thiopental. (correctionalnews.com)
  • A spokeswoman for Nebraska's attorney general told the Journal Star that the sodium thiopental was legally obtained and approved for export by Indian and U.S. officials, including the Drug Enforcement Agency and U.S. Customs and Border Protection. (ibtimes.com)
  • In November, Business Secretary Vince Cable announced restrictions on the export to the US of sodium thiopental. (bbc.co.uk)
  • He has already taken decisive action by placing a control order on the export of sodium thiopental and the department is currently considering a request to place controls on two other pharmaceuticals that are currently used in the execution process in the US. (bbc.co.uk)
  • Sodium thiopental is not used to maintain anesthesia in surgical procedures because, in infusion, it displays zero-order elimination pharmacokinetics, leading to a long period before consciousness is regained. (wikipedia.org)
  • Help support Wordnik (and make this page ad-free) by adopting the word thiopental sodium . (wordnik.com)
  • Atwater plans to start his own venture with another Kayem salesman to continue selling sodium thiopental to the U.S. He said he has pitched the drug to corrections officials as a way to make inroads to sell other pharmaceuticals. (correctionalnews.com)
  • Sodium pentothal slows down the heart rate, lowers blood pressure, and slows down (depresses) the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system) activity. (espionageinfo.com)
  • Since it is redistributed to fat, certain lean breeds of dogs such as sighthounds will have prolonged recoveries from sodium thiopental due to their lack of body fat and their lean body mass. (wikipedia.org)