• Reduced oxidative pentose phosphate pathway flux in recombinant xylose-utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains improves the ethanol yield from xylose. (lu.se)
  • In recombinant, xylose-fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae, about 30% of the consumed xylose is converted to xylitol. (lu.se)
  • We have developed the Yeast Pathway Kit (YPK) for rational and random metabolic pathway assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using reusable and redistributable genetic elements. (lu.se)
  • Role of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad53 checkpoint kinase in signaling double-strand breaks during the meiotic cell cycle / H. Cartagena-Lirola, I. Guerini, N. Manfrini, G. Lucchini, M.P. Longhese. (unimi.it)
  • Mechanism of Regulation of Intrachromatid Recombination and Long-Range Chromosome Interactions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (omicsdi.org)
  • The NAD-dependent histone deacetylase Sir2 controls ribosomal DNA (rDNA) silencing by inhibiting recombination and RNA polymerase II-catalyzed transcription in the rDNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sir2 is recruited to nontranscribed spacer 1 (NTS1) of the rDNA array by interaction between the RENT ( RE: gulation of N: ucleolar S: ilencing and T: elophase exit) complex and the replication terminator protein Fob1. (omicsdi.org)
  • Replication fork arrest and rDNA silencing are two independent and separable functions of the replication terminator protein Fob1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (omicsdi.org)
  • The replication terminator protein Fob1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is multifunctional, and it not only promotes polar replication fork arrest at the tandem Ter sites located in the intergenic spacer region of rDNA but also loads the NAD-dependent histone deacetylase Sir2 at Ter sites via a protein complex called RENT (regulator of nucleolar silencing and telophase exit). (omicsdi.org)
  • First, a Fob1 ortholog of Saccharomyces bayanus expressed in a fob1Delta strain of S. cerevisiae restored polar fork arrest at Ter but not rDNA silencing. (omicsdi.org)
  • Here, we show that the replication terminator protein Fob1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae promoted chromosome kissing that initiated rDNA recombination and controlled the replicative life span (RLS). (omicsdi.org)
  • Nsi1 plays a significant role in the silencing of ribosomal DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (omicsdi.org)
  • In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 100-200 copies of a 9.1-kb rDNA repeat exist as a tandem array on chromosome XII. (omicsdi.org)
  • The protein encoded by this gene shares similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad52, a protein important for DNA double-strand break repair and homologous recombination. (nih.gov)
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae (commonly known as baker's yeast) is a single-celled eukaryote that is frequently used in scientific research. (jove.com)
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae , otherwise known as baker's yeast, is one of the many model organisms studied in laboratories all over the world. (jove.com)
  • Nos modèles d'étude favoris sont le maïs (Zea mays mays) et la levure (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). (inrae.fr)
  • To understand the molecular biology of peptide hormone action, we studied response of budding yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) to its peptide mating pheromones ( a -factor and α-factor). (berkeley.edu)
  • Because genetic and drug screens were then largely limited to model organisms, the researchers used a Saccharomyces cerevisiae screen, focusing on defects in DNA-repair and cell-cycle genes. (nature.com)
  • Local disruption of DNA structure around the centre of the junction by CCE1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been investigated using 2-aminopurine fluorescence. (dundee.ac.uk)
  • The current knowledge about the genetics and physiology of glycerol uptake and catabolism in the versatile industrial biotechnology production host Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been mainly based on auxotrophic laboratory strains, and carried out in the presence of growth-supporting supplements such as amino acids and nucleic bases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The S. cerevisiae intraspecies diversity with regard to glycerol growth is a valuable starting point to identify the genetic and molecular basis of this phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The yeast species Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a popular platform in metabolic engineering as well as an attractive production organism in industrial biotechnology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • SGS1, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae 3 '-5' DNA helicase, is a homologue of the Escherichia coli RecQ gene. (le.ac.uk)
  • We already know that a much more famous type of yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (this is the yeast used in baking, winemaking, and brewing) will very occasionally mate with each other - particularly when undergoing stressful conditions. (sciencealert.com)
  • Meiosis and sporulation in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a well-studied example. (rupress.org)
  • The multicopy 2-micron plasmid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a resident of the nucleus, is remarkable for its high chromosome-like stability. (tau.ac.il)
  • In our laboratory, we analyze the mechanisms of G4 replication using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism in in vivo experiments and biochemical assays to identify and characterize the key players of this process. (brc.hu)
  • We generated a global genetic interaction network for Saccharomyces cerevisiae, constructing more than 23 million double mutants, identifying about 550,000 negative and about 350,000 positive genetic interactions. (thebiogrid.org)
  • Sgs1, the only member of the RecQ family of DNA helicases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , is known to act both in early and late stages of homology-dependent repair of DNA damage. (usf.edu)
  • In S. cerevisiae cells lacking Sgs1, spontaneous translocations arise by homologous recombination in small regions of homology between three non-allelic, but related sequences in the genes CAN1 , LYP1 , and ALP1 . (usf.edu)
  • Here, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae sod1 Δ mutant (defective for the Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase) was found to be hypersensitive to Cr(VI) toxicity under aerobic conditions, but this phenotype was suppressed under anaerobic conditions. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae expresses three phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidases. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • We recently mapped a global suppression network in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae , based on both literature-curated interaction data as well as novel spontaneous suppressor mutations that we identified through genetic mapping and whole-genome sequencing. (vanleeuwenlab.com)
  • For single stranded breaks, replication occurs until the location of the break, then the other strand is nicked to form a double stranded break, which can then be repaired by Break Induced Replication or homologous recombination using the sister chromatid as an error-free template. (wikipedia.org)
  • The yeast ML01 was modified using a shuttle vector containing a chromosome integration cassette with genes for malolactic enzyme, malate transporter (permease), regulatory genes and a sequence directing homologous recombination at a chromosomal locus (not specified in the FDA report), and the antibiotic phleomycin gene was used as a selectable marker via another plasmid. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • The modification of bacteria and yeast is based on homologous recombination while modification of plants is based on illegitimate recombination. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • In 'Meiosis', expert researchers explore recent advances in three main areas, including: quantitative genetic methods for analysis of homologous recombination and chromosome pairing, development of direct physical assays for DNA intermediates and products of recombination, and cytological methods for characterizing chromosome behaviors and the patterns by which specific proteins associate with meiotic chromosomes. (nhbs.com)
  • Loss of the base-excision-repair enzyme PARP1 increases DNA lesions, such as collapsed replication forks, which can normally be repaired through homologous recombination (HR). Therefore, the teams reasoned that defects in BRCA1 or BRCA2, which participate in HR, might be synthetically lethal with the loss of PARP1 or PARP inhibition. (nature.com)
  • When DSBs are repaired by homologous recombination, DNA ends can undergo extensive processing, producing long stretches of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). (uthscsa.edu)
  • Both homologous recombination, in which the ends of the broken DNA seek out intact templates with the same sequence, and nonhomologous end-joining pathways are found in Saccharomyces as they are in humans. (brandeis.edu)
  • Analysis of homologous recombination. (brandeis.edu)
  • Recombination between homologous sequences is a fundamentally important process both in meiosis and in mitotic cells. (brandeis.edu)
  • This "in vivo biochemistry" approach has enabled us to demonstrate that there are in fact several independent, competing pathways of homologous recombination, each with its own genetic requirements. (brandeis.edu)
  • VSG switching is thought to occur predominantly through gene conversion, a form of homologous recombination initiated by a DNA lesion that is used by other pathogens (for example, Candida albicans, Borrelia sp. (nih.gov)
  • In 2003, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designated the GM yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisae ML01 'generally recognized as safe' (GRAS). (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Genetic modification of yeast and bacteria differs fundamentally from modification of plants. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • For yeast genetic engineering 'shuttle' vectors are used, which are propagated in bacteria for insertion in yeast. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Recombination between vector and chromosomal gene disrupts the target chromosomal gene and inserts the transgene, and frequently also a selectable marker, into the yeast target locus [3]. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Yeast cells in wine were found to be hyperactive in mitotic recombination, contributing to the observed instability of wine yeasts [7]. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Homothallic conversions of yeast mating-type genes occur by intrachromosomal recombination. (duke.edu)
  • Additional experiments introduce fundamental techniques in yeast genomics, including both performance and interpretation of Synthetic Genetic Array analysis, multiplexed whole genome and barcode sequencing, and comparative genomic hybridization to DNA arrays. (cshlpress.com)
  • The team found some recombination, but most of it occurred before the yeast split into the five clades. (sciencealert.com)
  • Genetic dissection of the phospholipid hydroperoxidase activity of yeast Gpx3 reveals its functional importance. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Recombinant, E. coli recombinant proteins are genetic recombinations in Escherichia coli, supplied as white sterile powder lyopillized. (gentaur.com)
  • We are interested in understanding at the molecular level how recombination occurs and what roles are played by the many proteins involved in DNA recombination, repair and replication. (brandeis.edu)
  • We are interested in determining what are the specific biochemical roles played by the many proteins implicated in DNA recombination, repair and replication. (brandeis.edu)
  • Rare fragile sites can lead to genetic disease such as fragile X mental retardation syndrome, myotonic dystrophy, Friedrich's ataxia, and Huntington's disease, most of which are caused by expansion of repeats at the DNA, RNA, or protein level. (wikipedia.org)
  • Meiosis: Volume 1, Molecular and Genetic Methods' details methods for culturing and manipulating commonly used model organisms and protocols for detecting and quantifying meiotic recombination events through genetic and physical analysis of DNA-DNA or Protein-DNA interactions. (nhbs.com)
  • However, the latter can trigger phosphorylation of a protein fusion between Rad53 and the Mec1-interacting protein Ddc2, suggesting that the inability of Rad53 to transduce the meiosis-specific DSB signals might be due to its failure to access the meiotic recombination sites. (unimi.it)
  • It was also found to interact with DNA recombination protein RAD51, which suggested its role in RAD51 related DNA recombination and repair. (nih.gov)
  • Physical analyses of double-strand break repair in meiosis, combined the genetic analysis of this work, indicate a late function of the Sgs1 protein in the dissolution of double Holliday junctions. (le.ac.uk)
  • We have shown that the invasion of DNA strands into a donor template region requires the action of the chromatin remodeling protein Rad54 that enables the recombination machinery to gain access to "closed" regions of DNA. (brandeis.edu)
  • Here we have characterized the genetic interaction of SGS1 and EXO1 with other repair factors in homology-mediated repair as well as DNA damage checkpoints, and characterize the role of post-translational modifications, and protein-protein interactions in regulating their function in response to DNA damage. (usf.edu)
  • Negative and positive genetic interactions with SAE2 , MRE11 , EXO1 , SRS2 , RRM3 , and POL32 suggest the role of the physical interaction of Sgs1 and Rad51 is in promoting homology-mediated repair possibly by competing with single-strand binding protein RPA for single-stranded DNA to promote Rad51 filament formation. (usf.edu)
  • The unique chromosome dynamics of meiosis have fascinated scientists for well over a century, but in recent years there has been a proliferation of new data concerning the pairing, recombination, and segregation of chromosomes. (nhbs.com)
  • Comprehensive and cutting edge, 'Meiosis: Volume 1, Molecular and Genetic Methods' is an essential guidebook, providing up-to-date and critical new protocols for the study of meiotic chromosome dynamics. (nhbs.com)
  • We are now using advanced optical mapping technology to reproduce these maps in the absence of genetic variation, in order to disentangle the role of chromosome structure from the potential for genetic incompatibilities ("speciation genes") skewing our results. (drexel.edu)
  • A mutation in either N-Fob1 that blocked Fob1 oligomerization or C-Fob1 that blocked its phosphorylation antagonized chromosome kissing and recombination and enhanced the RLS. (omicsdi.org)
  • Topoisomerases are nuclear enzymes that modify the topological state of DNA and participate in fundamental metabolic processes such as replication, transcription, repair, recombination, and chromosome segregation (1) . (aacrjournals.org)
  • Using synchronized cells undergoing recombination that is initiated at a specific site on a chromosome by an inducible endonuclease, we use physical monitoring techniques (Southern blots, PCR analysis) to follow the sequence of molecular events that occur in real time. (brandeis.edu)
  • We have shown that this regulation involves the action of a small Recombination Enhancer (RE) sequence that enables a donor on the left chromosome arm to recombine preferentially in MATa cells. (brandeis.edu)
  • DNA damage checkpoint response to accidental DSBs during mitosis requires the Rad53 effector kinase, whereas the meiosis-specific Mek1 kinase, together with Red1 and Hop1, mediates the recombination checkpoint in response to programmed meiotic DSBs. (unimi.it)
  • Rad53 phosphorylation/activation is elicited when unrepaired meiosis-specific DSBs escape the recombination checkpoint. (unimi.it)
  • Finally we are interested in comparing how recombination occurs in mitosis and in meiosis. (brandeis.edu)
  • Altogether, these data indicate that Rad53 prevents sister chromatid segregation in the presence of unrepaired programmed meiotic DSBs, thus providing a salvage mechanism ensuring genetic integrity in the gametes even in the absence of the recombination checkpoint. (unimi.it)
  • The purpose of this thesis is to provide a better understanding of the role of this helicase during meiotic recombination. (le.ac.uk)
  • To this end we have expressed the site-specific HO endonuclease in meiotic cells so that we can compare recombination events at the same loci where we have used HO to stimulate recombination in mitotic cells. (brandeis.edu)
  • This comprehensive network maps genetic interactions for essential gene pairs, highlighting essential genes as densely connected hubs. (thebiogrid.org)
  • To gain insight into the complex genetic interaction networks that underlie drug resistance, we are performing chemical suppression screens in a 'wild-type' cell line to identify genes that when mutated can confer resistance to a drug of interest. (vanleeuwenlab.com)
  • Mutations in Tel1, Mec1, and Rmr3 helicase result in a significant increase of chromosomal recombination. (wikipedia.org)
  • These regulatory mechanisms control intrachromatid recombination and the replicative life span (RLS). (omicsdi.org)
  • Mechanisms underlying synthetic lethality are now known to include genetic and non-genetic redundancies, buffers and adaptation. (nature.com)
  • The Flp system has been successfully utilized to understand mechanisms of site-specific recombination, to bring about directed genetic alterations for addressing fundamental problems in biology, and as a tool in biotechnological applications. (tau.ac.il)
  • Old age is a major risk factor for disease, suggesting that long-lived species may have evolved genetic mechanisms of resistance that match their exceptional longevity. (au.dk)
  • These interaction networks highlighted general mechanisms of suppression, and allowed us to make detailed predictions of gene function that were not obvious from other genetic or physical interaction data. (vanleeuwenlab.com)
  • Cassettes sharing genetic elements are assembled by recombination into multigene pathways. (lu.se)
  • Our goal is to identify genetic determinants and pathways in the genomes of long-lived species that provide clues as to how some animals such as the bowhead whale can live for centuries and stay free of aging-associated diseases. (au.dk)
  • When most eukaryotic cells divide via mitosis and cytokinesis, there is an equal segregation of genetic material and cytoplasm in daughter cells. (jove.com)
  • However, when we assessed the sgs1-FD mutant in combination with the loss of Sae2, Mre11, Exo1, Srs2, Rrm3, and Pol32 we observed genetic interactions that distinguish the sgs1-FD mutant from the sgs1∆ mutant. (usf.edu)
  • Genome instability (also genetic instability or genomic instability) refers to a high frequency of mutations within the genome of a cellular lineage. (wikipedia.org)
  • In these cases, it is indicated that the affected organism presents genome instability (also genetic instability, or even chromosomic instability). (wikipedia.org)
  • To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at CNRS UPR 2169, "Genetic Instability and Cancer," 7 Rue Guy Môquet, 94 800 Villejuif, France. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Patients with Bloom's syndrome exhibit hyper-recombination, but the role of BLM and increased genomic instability is not fully characterized. (usf.edu)
  • This work provides new mechanistic insights into the regulation of rDNA silencing and intrachromatid recombination by showing that Sir2 recruitment is stringently regulated by Fob1 phosphorylation at specific sites in its C-terminal domain (C-Fob1), which also regulates long-range Ter-Ter interactions. (omicsdi.org)
  • Oligomerization of Fob1 caused synaptic (kissing) interactions between pairs of terminator (Ter) sites that initiated recombination in rDNA. (omicsdi.org)
  • Nous nous intéressons en particulier aux variations génétiques de cette plasticité (interactions génotype x environnement). (inrae.fr)
  • Although genetic suppression interactions can overlap with other types of interactions, they mostly define novel gene-gene relationships. (vanleeuwenlab.com)
  • The ongoing developments in CRISPR-technologies, together with the continued decline in sequencing costs, provide the opportunity to take the analysis of genetic suppression interactions to human cell lines. (vanleeuwenlab.com)
  • Indeed, some chemotherapeutic drugs selectively killed cells with specific genetic mutations. (nature.com)
  • Beyond associations with specific genetic mutations, drugs may synergize, such that treatment with one cancer drug exposes a vulnerability to a second drug. (nature.com)
  • Our main research interest is to use functional genomics tools to improve our understanding of how mutations can interact to produce unexpected phenotypes, and how this determines the severity of genetic traits, including human disease. (vanleeuwenlab.com)
  • A plausible explanation is that these individuals carry secondary mutations elsewhere in the genome that can compensate for the deleterious effect of the disease-associated mutation, a phenomenon referred to as genetic suppression. (vanleeuwenlab.com)
  • Consistent with this, we observe increased gene conversion, increased homeologous recombination and increased interaction between sister choromatids. (le.ac.uk)
  • Evolutionary aspects of recombination in RNA viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • Using genomics to investigate the mechanism, consequences and evolution of genetic recombination, especially in pathogenic bacteria. (drexel.edu)
  • A decrease in plasmid population due to rare missegregation events is rectified by plasmid amplification via a recombination-induced rolling circle-like replication mechanism. (tau.ac.il)
  • The research tells us that this fungus has recombined in the past and can recombine in nature, which enables it to generate new genetic variants rather quickly," explains McMaster's University microbial geneticist Jianping Xu. (sciencealert.com)
  • Using genome-wide association analysis we have mapped genetic variation of complex phenotypes such as stature, fertility, production traits and resistance to infections. (au.dk)
  • Using next generation sequencing technologies, we have been involved in genome sequencing and annotation of functional genetic elements in several animal species, including pig, mink, and bowhead whale. (au.dk)
  • Nous développons des modèles mathématiques en génétique quantitative, dynamique des populations, dynamique adaptative et biologie des systèmes pour comprendre comment le phénotype se construit à partir du génome, en interaction avec l'environnement à chaque niveau d'organisation. (inrae.fr)
  • A global genetic interaction network maps a wiring diagram of cellular function. (thebiogrid.org)
  • Genetic linkage and reciprocal hemizygosity analysis demonstrated that GUT1 CBS 6412-13A is one of the multiple genetic loci contributing to the glycerol growth phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Flp site-specific recombination system housed by the plasmid plays a critical role in maintaining a steady state plasmid copy number. (tau.ac.il)
  • These methods emphasize combinations of classical and modern genetic approaches, including isolation and characterization of mutants, two-hybrid analysis, tetrad analysis, complementation, and recombination. (cshlpress.com)
  • Plays a central role in genetic recombination and DNA repair by promoting the annealing of complementary single-stranded DNA and by stimulation of the RAD51 recombinase. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, some of the MMR components participate in recombination and double-strand break repair as well as cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Computational modelling of clonal dynamics indicates that high genetic heterogeneity may be a feature of those mild dysplasias that are likely to progress to more aggressive tumours. (bvsalud.org)
  • Sir2 is a component of the RENT complex, and its loading not only silences intrachromatid recombination in rDNA but also RNA polymerase II-catalyzed transcription. (omicsdi.org)
  • Recently, these intrachromosomal G4 sequences have been shown to play an important function in the regulation of transcription and translation, in the firing of replication origins, and in the formation of recombination hot spots. (brc.hu)
  • At about a 1% frequency conversion of the MAT locus is accompanied by a reciprocal recombination event that results in an intrachromosomal deletion. (duke.edu)
  • Single-gene expression cassettes are assembled in vivo using genetic elements that are both promoters and terminators (TP). (lu.se)
  • abstract = "Junction-resolving enzymes are nucleases that are selective for the structure of the four-way DNA junction that is important in genetic recombination. (dundee.ac.uk)
  • Cold Spring Harbor, NY -- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press announced the release of Genetic Counseling: Clinical Practice and Ethical Considerations, available on its website in Hardcover and Paperback formats. (cshlpress.com)
  • Genetic elements are cloned in a suicide vector in a rapid process that omits PCR product purification. (lu.se)