Rheumatic tricuspid valve insufficiency. Medical search. Frequent questions

See also Tricuspid Atresia and Tricuspid Stenosis . (medscape.com)
When due to the latter, it generally occurs in combination with tricuspid stenosis . (medscape.com)
The tricuspid valve can be affected by rheumatic fever, which can cause tricuspid stenosis or tricuspid regurgitation. (wikipedia.org)
Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the major sequel and is characterized by valvar lesions that can cause regurgitation and/or stenosis mainly in mitral and aortic valves. (fortunejournals.com)
Tricuspid valve stenosis involves a narrowing of the valve's opening, restricting the blood flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle. (longmoreclinic.org)
the primary condition is medically called insufficiency and therefore the second is stenosis. (healthgj.com)
Two types of problems can disrupt blood flow though the valves: regurgitation or stenosis. (wikidoc.org)
Stenosis happens when the leaflets do not open wide enough and only a small amount of blood can flow through the valve. (wikidoc.org)
The most serious complication of ARF is development of rheumatic heart disease, which most commonly manifests as mitral valve stenosis. (lecturio.com)
It may be a narrowing of the orifice (stenosis) or, on the contrary, the impossibility of complete closure (insufficiency). (ccm.mc)
Patients with an ejection fraction of less than 50%, right ventricular systolic pressure greater than 45 mm Hg, moderate or more severe left-sided valve disease, congenital cardiac anomalies, previous valve operation, tricuspid stenosis, flail leaflet, carcinoid, and rheumatic disease were excluded. (elsevierpure.com)
AVR surgery replaces the aortic valve to treat heart conditions such as aortic valve stenosis, bicuspid valves, congenital aortic valve, and aortic valve regurgitation. (expertchikitsa.com)
The calcium build-up on valve leaflets increases the aortic valve stenosis and causes limited mobility. (expertchikitsa.com)
Stenosis can happen in patients with either a tricuspid or a bicuspid aortic valve. (expertchikitsa.com)
Endocarditis (infection on the heart valve) - a serious condition that can cause stenosis, regurgitation, sepsis, thrombosis or embolism (particles flying off into the blood stream) or abscesses (aggressive cavities of infection that eat away at healthy tissue). (lhch.nhs.uk)
Mitral stenosis is most often caused by Rheumatic Fever which may have been caught and recovered from many years beforehand. (lhch.nhs.uk)
Acquired stenosis of the aortic valve, which affects adults, is most often caused by calcification of the leaflets themselves and is considered an age-related or degenerative process. (medscape.com)
Postrheumatic aortic stenosis is another common cause of acquired aortic stenosis, and is a result of remote infection from group A streptococci that triggers an autoimmune process resulting in scarring of the valve leaflets. (medscape.com)
The pathologic findings, clinical symptoms, and treatment are similar to degenerative aortic stenosis in trileaflet valves. (medscape.com)
See also Aortic Stenosis , Pediatric Valvar Aortic Stenosis , Pediatric Rheumatic Heart Disease , and Pathology of Rheumatic Heart Disease . (medscape.com)
[ 3 ] Degenerative aortic stenosis is currently the most common indication for valve surgery, as the population ages and newer techniques, such as minimally invasive surgery and transcutaneous methods, become available. (medscape.com)
At present, the most common cause of valve replacement in the United States is aortic stenosis secondary to calcification. (medscape.com)
With age, there may be two main problems in heart valves: regurgitation, or reverse blood flow, and stenosis. (arrhythmia.center)
In stenosis, the valves stick together, fuse together due to deposits of cholesterol and calcium on their valves. (arrhythmia.center)
For example, in aortic valve stenosis, blood cannot move from the left ventricle into the aorta. (arrhythmia.center)
Narrowing of the valve (stenosis). (herhealthva.com)
Heart valves can develop both regurgitation and stenosis at the same time. (herhealthva.com)
Often the aortic valve may also develop regurgitation in addition to stenosis. (herhealthva.com)
It can often mean valve regurgitation or stenosis. (herhealthva.com)
Mitral stenosis is characterized by obstruction to LV inflow at the level of mitral valve due to structural abnormality of the mitral valve apparatus. (medscape.com)
The most common cause of mitral stenosis is rheumatic fever. (medscape.com)
Symptoms of mitral stenosis usually manifest during the third or fourth decade of life and nearly half of patients do not recall a history of acute rheumatic fever. (medscape.com)
The goal of medical treatment for mitral stenosis is to reduce recurrence of rheumatic fever, provide prophylaxis for infective endocarditis, reduce symptoms of pulmonary congestion (eg, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea), control the ventricular rate if atrial fibrillation is present, and prevent thromboembolic complications. (medscape.com)

390 Rheumatic fever without mention of heart involvement 391 Rheumatic fever with heart involvement 391.9 Rheumatic heart disease, unspec. (wikipedia.org)
Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the major sequel of rheumatic fever (RF) and leads to valve damage and poor quality of life mainly in children and adolescents. (fortunejournals.com)
Rheumatic fever (RF) is the consequence of an inappropriate and delayed immune response to S. pyogenes infection in non-treated susceptible children and adolescents. (fortunejournals.com)
Patients who have had rheumatic fever have about a 50% likelihood of having a recurrence if they have another episode of group A streptococcal pharyngitis that is untreated. (merckmanuals.com)
Acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. (merckmanuals.com)
Group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis is the etiologic precursor of acute rheumatic fever, but host and environmental factors are important. (merckmanuals.com)
Undernutrition, overcrowding, and lower socioeconomic status predispose to streptococcal infections and subsequent episodes of rheumatic fever. (merckmanuals.com)
Conditions such as rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, and heart attack can damage the tricuspid valve. (longmoreclinic.org)
Individuals with a history of heart conditions, such as rheumatic fever, are at a higher risk. (longmoreclinic.org)
Rheumatic fever is a disease that affects the body. (healthgj.com)
Before doctors started giving their patients antibiotics, rheumatic fever was the single biggest cause of valve disease. (wikidoc.org)
Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is an autoimmune inflammatory process that usually follows Streptococcal pharyngitis. (lecturio.com)
Acute rheumatic fever usually occurs 2-4 weeks after an untreated infection and affects the heart, skin, joints, and nervous system. (lecturio.com)
It's often caused by a history of rheumatic fever. (herhealthva.com)
RHEUMATIC FEVER is its primary cause. (bvsalud.org)

Rheumatic disease is the most common cause of pure tricuspid regurgitation due to deformation of the leaflets. (medscape.com)
Ebstein anomaly is a congenital malformation of the tricuspid valve characterized by apical displacement of the annular insertion of the septal and posterior leaflets and atrialization of a portion of the ventricular myocardium. (medscape.com)
The tricuspid valve usually has three cusps or leaflets, named the anterior, posterior, and septal cusps. (wikipedia.org)
The valves incorporate flaps called leaflets or cusps , similar to a duckbill valve or flutter valve , which are pushed open to allow blood flow and which then close together to seal and prevent backflow. (wikipedia.org)
The tricuspid valve consists of three flaps, or leaflets, that open and close in response to the heart's rhythm, ensuring that blood flows in one direction-from the right atrium to the right ventricle. (longmoreclinic.org)
Pressure changes behind and in front of the valves allow them to open their flap-like "doors" (called cusps or leaflets) at just the right time, then close them tightly to prevent a backflow of blood. (wikidoc.org)
Both infectious and noninfectious etiologies lead to vegetations on the valve leaflets. (lecturio.com)
These fused, stiff, inflexible, and rigid valve leaflets cause narrowing of the aortic valve, restricting the blood flow. (expertchikitsa.com)
These valve leaflets do not seal completely. (expertchikitsa.com)
The mitral valve consists of two leaflets (anterior and posterior) sitting within the annulus. (nih.gov)
Left atrium has been opened to show thickened mitral valve leaflets from above. (web.app)
2021-03-04 Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a very common clinical condition that refers to a systolic billowing of one or both mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium. (web.app)
With this birth defect, the aortic valve has only 2 leaflets instead of 3. (herhealthva.com)
With this defect, the mitral valve leaflets bulge and don't close correctly during the contraction of the heart. (herhealthva.com)
Narrowing of the passage through the MITRAL VALVE due to FIBROSIS, and CALCINOSIS in the leaflets and chordal areas. (bvsalud.org)

Tricuspid valve insufficiency due to leaflet abnormalities may be secondary to endocarditis or rheumatic heart disease. (medscape.com)
Tricuspid valve insufficiency may be asymptomatic in patients with moderate, or even severe, stage of the disease. (symptoma.com)
it may be acute or chronic, and is usually due to mitral valve prolapse, rheumatic heart disease , or a complication of cardiac dilatation. (wikidoc.org)
They frequently treat conditions like Rheumatic Tricuspid Disease, Mitral Valve Regurgitation and Atrial Septal Defect along with other conditions at varying frequencies. (healthline.com)
Tricuspid valve disease refers to conditions that disrupt the normal functioning of this valve, impacting the efficiency of blood circulation. (longmoreclinic.org)
The symptoms of tricuspid valve disease can vary depending on the specific condition and its severity. (longmoreclinic.org)
Those born with structural heart defects may also have a higher risk of developing tricuspid valve disease. (longmoreclinic.org)
Controlling conditions such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes can reduce the risk of valve disease. (longmoreclinic.org)
Tricuspid valve disease can disrupt this flow, leading to symptoms that impact daily life. (longmoreclinic.org)
With advancements in medical technology and treatment options, individuals with tricuspid valve disease have opportunities for improved outcomes and a better quality of life. (longmoreclinic.org)
Friends, Rheumatic heart condition may be a condition during which the valves of the guts (the lid-like structure, which prevents blood from flowing back) are damaged by a disease process. (healthgj.com)
Rheumatic heart condition develops thanks to recurrent infectious disease. (healthgj.com)
When infectious disease permanently damages the guts, that condition is named rheumatic heart condition. (healthgj.com)
The best thanks to preventing rheumatic heart condition are to stop the infectious disease. (healthgj.com)
Valve problems can be present at birth or caused by infections, heart attacks, or heart disease or damage. (wikidoc.org)
Symptoms depend on the patient and the type and severity of valve disease. (wikidoc.org)
In other cases, valve disease may take its toll over many years. (wikidoc.org)
Also, valve disease may lead to heart muscle disease (cardiomyopathy), an irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia), and blood clots. (wikidoc.org)
Use of the anti-obesity medicines fen-phen and Redux, which were removed from the market after being linked to heart valve disease. (wikidoc.org)
Endocarditis is an inflammatory disease involving the inner lining (endocardium) of the heart, most commonly affecting the cardiac valves. (lecturio.com)
Valvular heart disease refers to all diseases affecting the heart valves. (ccm.mc)
Heart disease with changes in normal valve function, such as heart failure following a myocardial infarction. (ccm.mc)
Some patients will need more invasive treatment, such as surgery, which can either repair or replace the valve to improve signs and avoid the complications of valvular heart disease. (ccm.mc)
One of four heart valves, the mitral valve is located on the left side of the 23 Oct 2020 The emergence of mitral valve repair as the preferred treatment for severe mitral regurgitation (MR) caused by degenerative disease has been The mitral valve is important in regulating your blood flow. (web.app)
If you have mitral valve disease, the specialists at CHI Franciscan are here to help. (web.app)
Although entirely preventable, rheumatic heart disease (RHD), a disease of poverty and social disadvantage resulting in high morbidity and mortality, remains an ever-present burden in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) and rural, remote, marginalised and disenfranchised populations within high-income countries. (bmj.com)
It is often the case that the disease is silent and that the patient is not necessarily aware of the signs of valve disease. (scopeheal.com)
Preventive treatments are essential, mainly to prevent infective endocarditis , as well as regular monitoring if the valve disease is poorly developed and does not present symptoms or cardiac repercussions. (scopeheal.com)
Bicuspid and unicuspid aortic valve disease are congenital conditions. (medscape.com)
Evaluation of valve disease is typically performed by echocardiography. (medscape.com)
Calcific aortic valve disease occurs on previously normally-functioning valves, either bi- or trileaflet, and less commonly on unicuspid valves. (medscape.com)
Aortic sclerosis, which is clinically defined as valve thickening without obstruction to outflow, is the most prevalent valve disease in developed countries, being present in about 25% of patients over age 65 years. (medscape.com)
Some of the best-known heart diseases acquired in childhood are rheumatic heart disease and Kawasaki disease. (arrhythmia.center)
Heart attacks, angina, and excessive calcium buildup in heart valves are the most common types of heart disease in adults. (arrhythmia.center)
Heart valve disease is when one or more heart valves don't work right. (herhealthva.com)
This valve disease occurs mainly in older adults. (herhealthva.com)
With this valve disease, the pulmonary valve does not open enough. (herhealthva.com)
What are the symptoms of heart valve disease? (herhealthva.com)
You may not have any symptoms if you have mild to moderate heart valve disease. (herhealthva.com)
Symptoms of heart valve disease may look like other health problems. (herhealthva.com)
How is heart valve disease diagnosed? (herhealthva.com)
Your healthcare provider may think you have heart valve disease if your heart doesn't sound right through a stethoscope. (herhealthva.com)
A leaky heart valve is a common form of heart valve disease . (clevelandclinic.org)
Such damage can lead to a leaky valve or other forms of heart valve disease. (clevelandclinic.org)
In the U.S., mitral valve regurgitation is the most common form of any type of heart valve disease. (clevelandclinic.org)
Heart valve disease that interferes with that process is a serious concern that needs diagnosis and treatment. (clevelandclinic.org)
Fast Five Quiz: Heart Valve Disease - Medscape - Apr 22, 2020. (medscape.com)
Continually, it is done to treat complications of ischemic heart disease (for example, coronary artery bypass grafting), correct congenital heart disease, or treat valvular heart disease from various causes including endocarditis, rheumatic heart disease and atherosclerosis. (drnishantchandel.com)
This is a patient who was admitted because of shortness of breath, and they have a history of rheumatic heart disease. (medscape.com)

The lesion may be classified as primary when it is caused by an intrinsic abnormality of the valve apparatus or as secondary when it is caused by right ventricular (RV) dilatation or other conditions (eg, left ventricular [LV] dysfunction). (medscape.com)
The lesion may be classified as primary when it is caused by an intrinsic abnormality of the valve apparatus or as secondary when it is caused by right ventricular (RV) dilatation. (medscape.com)

The other two valves are at the entrance to the arteries leaving the heart these are the semilunar valves - the aortic valve at the aorta , and the pulmonary valve at the pulmonary artery . (wikipedia.org)
The pulmonary valve has left, right, and anterior cusps. (wikipedia.org)
the pulmonary valve is not visible. (wikipedia.org)
The right ventricle pumps the blood through the pulmonary valve and into the lungs. (wikidoc.org)
As the right ventricle is preparing to push blood through the pulmonary valve, the tricuspid valve closes to stop blood from flowing back into the right atrium. (wikidoc.org)
There are four valves: the aortic valve, the mitral valve, the tricuspid valve and the pulmonary valve. (ccm.mc)
The mitral valve, the tricuspid valve, the pulmonary valve and the aortic valve. (web.app)
Your pulmonary valve sends blood from your right ventricle to your main pulmonary artery . (clevelandclinic.org)

Endocarditis is an important cause of tricuspid regurgitation. (medscape.com)
Infected valves can result in endocarditis in intravenous drug users. (wikipedia.org)
Of infectious origin, due to a germ that circulates in the blood and that fixes in the valve that causes an abscess and is called infective endocarditis. (scopeheal.com)
These children may be at increased risk of endocarditis, infections of the mucous membrane of the heart or valves caused by bacteria. (arrhythmia.center)

The coordinated actions of the tricuspid valve are made possible by the atrial and ventricular masses, conduction system tissue, and support structure of the fibroelastic cardiac skeleton. (medscape.com)
Moderate or severe tricuspid regurgitation is usually associated with tricuspid valve leaflet abnormalities and/or possibly annular dilation and is usually pathologic which can lead to irreversible damage of cardiac muscle and worse outcomes due to chronic prolonged right ventricular volume overload. (wikipedia.org)
These T cells were able to recognize several epitopes of cardiac myosin and valve-derived proteins [9, 10]. (fortunejournals.com)
Heart valves are situated around the fibrous rings of the cardiac skeleton . (wikipedia.org)
Tricuspid valve insufficiency, or tricuspid regurgitation, is a condition that involves a jet of blood pathologically leaking backward from the right ventricle into the right atrium during the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle. (symptoma.com)
Tricuspid regurgitation can develop through a number of cardiac conditions that cause dilation of the right ventricle and tricuspid annulus. (lecturio.com)
1 Dec 2020 Mitral valve prolapse is the most common cardiac valvular defect, characterized by bulging of the mitral valve cusps into the left atrium during 5 Dec 2018 In patients with this condition, the mitral valve has been deformed by heart failure, which leads to leaks that make the heart work harder to move The heart has four valves. (web.app)
This catheter-based mitral valve repair system has the potential to enable safer, faster, and considerably less traumatic cardiac interventions for mitral regurgitation patients worldwide, without compromising clinical efficacy. (web.app)

It is also called valvular insufficiency, leaky, or incompetence value. (expertchikitsa.com)

At the same time, the aortic and pulmonic valves open to let blood be pumped out of the heart. (herhealthva.com)
The aortic and pulmonic valves close, preventing backward blood flow into the heart. (herhealthva.com)

The pathophysiology of tricuspid regurgitation focuses on the structural incompetence of the valve. (medscape.com)
Regurgitation is also called insufficiency or incompetence. (wikidoc.org)
Heart valve incompetence. (clevelandclinic.org)

Aortic valve , located at the opening between the left ventricle and the aorta. (wikipedia.org)
All valves can be affected but it is often those of the left heart: aortic (between the ventricle and the aorta) and mitral (between the atrium and ventricle). (ccm.mc)
The aortic valve is between the left verticle (also called the lower chamber of heart pumping) and the aorta, the most extensive artery in the body. (expertchikitsa.com)
Mitral regurgitation is where the mitral valve does not close properly as the blood is being ejected out of the left ventricle and forwards to the body through the aorta. (lhch.nhs.uk)
The aortic valve separates the left ventricular chamber from the aorta. (scopeheal.com)
This valve can calcify and obstruct the ventricle and the aorta with age. (scopeheal.com)
Your aortic valve sends blood from your left ventricle to your aorta . (clevelandclinic.org)
We had the M-modes to the aortic valve, and you notice that in the M-mode of the aortic valve, the aorta was going up and down a lot. (medscape.com)
Then you have the isovolumic contraction period, and then the aortic valve click demonstrating the aortic valve opening, followed by the ejection period, during which you have the continuous-wave Doppler signal through the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) and the aorta. (medscape.com)

Some individuals are born with congenital abnormalities of the tricuspid valve. (wikipedia.org)
The heart sounds transmitted are due to closing of heart valves, and abnormal heart sounds, called murmurs, usually represent valve incompetency or abnormalities. (medscape.com)

When symptomatology is experienced by the patient, an appearance of the symptoms most commonly reported depend on whether or not tricuspid valve insufficiency is directly related to left ventricular dysfunction . (symptoma.com)
Tricuspid regurgitation may not have any symptoms or the symptoms be vague, such as weakness and fatigue , which develop because the heart is not pumping enough blood to allow the body to receive the needed oxygen. (symptoma.com)
These all symptoms can indicate a person needs aortic valve replacement. (expertchikitsa.com)
Anyone with these symptoms should see a doctor, as the Mitral valve definition, the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart, consisting of two triangular flaps of tissue, that prevents the blood from flowing back into the atrium. (web.app)
Very often, however, even if the aortic valve is severely narrowed, there may be no symptoms whatsoever. (lhch.nhs.uk)
Trace or mild levels of valve regurgitation may cause no symptoms. (clevelandclinic.org)

Color flow Doppler echocardiography is a mainstay for evaluating tricuspid regurgitation (see Workup ). (medscape.com)

Certain carcinoid syndromes can affect the tricuspid valve by producing fibrosis due to serotonin production by those tumors. (wikipedia.org)

The function of the valve is to allow blood to flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle during diastole, and to close to prevent backflow (regurgitation) from the right ventricle into the right atrium during right ventricular contraction (systole). (wikipedia.org)
The tricuspid valve functions as a one-way valve that closes during ventricular systole to prevent regurgitation of blood from the right ventricle back into the right atrium. (wikipedia.org)
The atrioventricular valves are the mitral valve , and the tricuspid valve , which are situated between the atria and the ventricles , and prevent backflow from the ventricles into the atria during systole . (wikipedia.org)
Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a valvular defect that allows backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium during systole. (lecturio.com)

Also known as tricuspid insufficiency, this condition occurs when the valve doesn't close tightly, allowing blood to flow backward from the right ventricle to the right atrium during each heartbeat. (longmoreclinic.org)
Aortic valve ailment occurs when the aortic valve does not function properly. (expertchikitsa.com)
Regurgitation occurs when the flaps do not close completely and blood flows back through the valves. (arrhythmia.center)

Inspiration induces widening of the RV, which enlarges the tricuspid valve annulus and thus increases the effective regurgitant orifice area. (medscape.com)
Prognosis for these patients depends upon the degree of apical displacement of the tricuspid annulus and the severity of the regurgitation. (medscape.com)

His prosthetic tricuspid valve is functioning normally. (symptoma.com)
The clinical setting (CoNS are significant in patients with prosthetic valves but not in those with native valves. (medscape.com)
It is also possible with this method to configure prosthetic valves. (scopeheal.com)

The tricuspid valve, or right atrioventricular valve, is on the right dorsal side of the mammalian heart, at the superior portion of the right ventricle. (wikipedia.org)

Rheumatic patients represent 45.7% (5,169 patients) of the valve replacement group and 77.7% (2,556 patients) of the conservative group. (fortunejournals.com)
It happens most often in elderly patients and commonly affects the mitral valve. (wikidoc.org)
In patients with advanced age and risk factors for significant surgeries, implanting these valves percutaneously is possible. (scopeheal.com)

Chronically, tricuspid regurgitation leads to RV volume overload, which results in right-sided congestive heart failure (CHF). (medscape.com)

The chordae tendineae are attached to papillary muscles that cause tension to better hold the valve. (wikipedia.org)

But congenital heart defects (changes to your valve anatomy that you're born with) or conditions you develop later in life can damage your valves. (clevelandclinic.org)

However, there may be changes in aortic valve surgery cost depending on treatment requirements. (expertchikitsa.com)

One of the valves, the mitral valve, sometimes has "floppy" flaps and doesn't close tightly. (wikidoc.org)
Each valve is made up of 2 or 3 cusps, flexible flaps that are situated around a fibrous ring and supported by tendon cords. (ccm.mc)

Bicuspid and unicommissural unicuspid valves generally function normally for the first few decades, after which superimposed degenerative changes occur, at a faster rate that normal trileaflet aortic valves. (medscape.com)
Bicuspid aortic valve. (herhealthva.com)
The left-sided chambers are separated by the mitral (bicuspid) valve, and right-sided chambers are divided by the tricuspid valve. (medscape.com)

Depending on the etiology and severity of tricuspid regurgitation, treatment may involve medication or surgical repair or replacement of the valve. (medscape.com)
Inspiration increases the severity of tricuspid regurgitation. (medscape.com)
In the Framingham Heart Study presence of any severity of tricuspid regurgitation, ranging from trace to above moderate was in 82% of men and in 85.7% of women. (wikipedia.org)

Tricuspid regurgitation may result from structural alterations of any or all of the components of the tricuspid valve apparatus (see Anatomy ). (medscape.com)
Mild tricuspid regurgitation tends to be common, benign, and in structurally normal tricuspid valve apparatus can be considered a normal variant. (wikipedia.org)
The function of the subvalvular apparatus is to keep the valves from prolapsing into the atria when they close. (wikipedia.org)

Congenital apical displacement of the tricuspid valve is called Ebstein's anomaly and typically causes significant tricuspid regurgitation. (wikipedia.org)
3D - loop of a heart viewed from the apex, with the apical part of the ventricles removed and the mitral valve clearly visible. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy6

Diseases23

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes1

Information Science1

Health Care1

Stenosis33

Fever15

Leaflets15

Disease49

Dilatation2

Pulmonary valve8

Endocarditis4

Cardiac8

Valvular insufficiency1

Pulmonic valves2

Incompetence3

Aorta9

Abnormalities2

Symptoms6

Evaluating tricuspid regurgitation1

Carcinoid1

Systole4

Occurs3

Annulus2

Prosthetic3

Right atrio1

Patients3

Congestive heart f1

Papillary muscles1

Congenital Heart D1

Aortic Valve Surgery1

Flaps2

Bicuspid3

Severity3

Apparatus3

Apical2