Regulation genes plant. Medical search. Frequent questions

On April 28, 2023, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA) issued Rules for Review of Gene-Edited Plants for Agricultural Use (Trial), which clarifies the classification criteria and requirements for evaluating gene-edited plants. (usda.gov)
Plant Biotechnol J;2023 Sep 26. (bvsalud.org)
2023) Plants People Planet. (weizmann.ac.il)

The gene expression profiling data, selection of candidate genes and transcriptional regulation of the seed germination and seedling growth will be presented and discussed. (usda.gov)
Transcriptional regulation of aquaporins in accessions of Arabidopsis in response to drought stress. (lu.se)

Here, we identify the cis-acting modifications that have reshaped gene expression in response to dehydration stress in three Arabidopsis species. (nih.gov)
Dou H, Xv K, Meng Q, Li G, Yang X (2015) Potato plants ectopically expressing Arabidopsis thaliana CBF3 exhibit enhanced tolerance to high-temperature stress. (springer.com)
A genome-wide analysis of blue-light regulation of Arabidopsis transcription factor gene expression during seedling development. (gersteinlab.org)
Widely used as a model for plant research, Arabidopsis thaliana was the first plant to have its genome completely sequenced. (doe.gov)
Microarray technologies will be employed to examine global gene expression in wild type and mutated Arabidopsis and barley plants. (usda.gov)
The functions of the candidate genes will be further validated using genetic approaches in Arabidopsis and barley. (usda.gov)
By searching the genomes of woody Poplar trees and leafy Arabidopsis, the scientists identified 94 and 61 genes they suspected belonged to this family in those two species, respectively. (bnl.gov)

DRB2 has been remarkably conserved throughout plant evolution, raising the possibility that translational repression is the ancient form of miRNA-directed gene regulation in plants, and that Dicer partnering proteins, such as human TRBP, might play a similar role in other eukaryotic systems. (nature.com)
Figure 4: Translational and post-translational regulation of DRB1 and DCL1, and evolutionary conservation of DRB1 and DRB2 proteins. (nature.com)
His fields of research comprise RNA-mediated gene silencing processes with a focus on epigenetic phenomena, including studies on RNA-directed DNA methylation, the characterization of virus silencing suppressor proteins, the development of plant bioreactor platforms and viroid research. (degruyter.com)
TMAO appears to both stabilize other plant proteins and influence the expression of stress-response genes, researchers report. (the-scientist.com)
The main aim of our research is to understand the molecular details and physiological roles of the multitude of water channel-like proteins present in plants and animals. (lu.se)
Annotation of Selaginella moellendorffii major intrinsic proteins and the evolution of the protein family in terrestrial plants. (lu.se)
All this is controlled by hormones, genes and proteins so that the plant can function as an individual. (lu.se)
Potential hazards identified include the activation of silent genes and the creation of new toxins, changes in nutritional content or in the bioavailability of nutrients, and allergic reactions to new or altered proteins. (who.int)
The models are mainly based on the interaction between different genes and proteins, for example in stem cells. (lu.se)

President Obama quietly signed legislation requiring special labeling for commercial foods containing genetically modified organisms (GMOs)--plants and animals with desirable genetic traits that were directly implanted in a laboratory. (issues2000.org)
Just after 10pm on Monday, Lord Young of Norwood Green stood up in the House of Commons to speak on Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Amendment) (England) Regulations 2022. (coventrytelegraph.net)
The Draft Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Amendment) (England) Regulations 2022 debated by peers would allow the UK to deviate from EU law on genetic modification of crops. (coventrytelegraph.net)

Countries have been setting up regulations to deal with gene-edited crops such as CRISPR. (ncsu.edu)
Early indications suggest that gene editing should be regulated like conventionally bred crops, as the final product can simply match what may be done by conventional breeding. (ufl.edu)
See commentary by the European Academies' Science Council on regulation of genome-edited plants and the UK Advisory Committee on Releases into the Environment's (ACRE) reports, " Why a modern understanding of genomes demonstrates the need for a new regulatory system for GMOs " and " Towards a more effective approach to environmental risk assessment of GM crops under current EU legislation . (itif.org)
The article quotes the chair of the European Parliament's agriculture (AGRI) committee Norbert Lins MEP, as saying that it is relatively easy for larger companies to comply with the EU's GMO regulations, but the smaller ones are badly affected by the ruling of the European Court of Justice that gene-edited crops and foods fall under the EU's GMO regulation and thus must be safety checked and labelled. (gmwatch.org)
The message, as stated by another MEP in the Euractiv article, is that de-regulation of gene editing will enable market access for SMEs that want to develop gene-edited crops and foods to save us all from climate change. (gmwatch.org)
The climate change argument is not supported by evidence, as there are no gene-edited crops that could help humanity face this challenge. (gmwatch.org)
It is a scandal that journalists have become advocates for the GMO lobby and repeat their hyped promises of climate-ready gene-edited crops on the basis of no evidence at all. (gmwatch.org)
Long before the development of modern-day genetics, farmers selected superior plants from natural populations to develop better crops," explained Professor Michael Jones, who led a nineteen-author international team. (edu.au)
Since the early 1900s, essentially the same principles have been applied to improve crops - more recently making use of increasingly available genomic information to identify genes with beneficial crop properties. (edu.au)
Green denotes most gene-edited plant produce can be grown and traded as conventional crops, yellow denotes ongoing discussions in countries, red denotes regulated as genetically modified produce. (edu.au)
In the countries coloured green on the map, most gene-edited plant produce can be grown and traded as conventional crops, with ongoing discussions in countries coloured yellow, and where it is regulated as genetically modified produce in red. (edu.au)
Then we could use those genes to engineer new bioenergy crops, and test whether those changes improve the efficiency of converting biomass to biofuel," Liu said. (bnl.gov)
One understudied opportunity is using feral crops-plants that have escaped and persisted without cultivation-as a source of genetic diversity, which could build resilience in domesticated conspecifics. (weizmann.ac.il)
In some cases, however, feral plants vigorously compete with crops as weeds, challenging food security. (weizmann.ac.il)
Environment minister Lord Benyon said the regulations would allow the UK to 'remain at the forefront' of research into GM crops. (coventrytelegraph.net)

Molecular biotechnology has made it possible to explore the potential of plants for different purposes. (frontiersin.org)
Such tools will be necessary to understand the true scope of miRNA function in plants, and could be potentially used in biotechnology for manipulating miRNA pathways that control important agronomic traits. (edu.au)
The Canadian government does not specifically regulate genetic engineering but regulates biotechnology products under a broader category it calls "Novel Foods" and "Plants with Novel Traits" which includes products of genetic engineering as well as organisms produced by other technologies such as traditional breeding and mutagenesis (where chemicals and gamma-radiation are used to induce mutations in genes). (cban.ca)
The main part of the book consists of separate chapters devoted to the safety assessment of foods derived from microorganisms, plants, and animals generated by biotechnology. (who.int)

The RAGES project (Risk Assessment of Genetically Engineered Organisms in the EU and Switzerland) was carried out between 2016 and 2019 to critically evaluate risk assessment of genetically engineered food plants as performed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and its Swiss counterpart: The EU Parliament has in recent years adopted around 40 resolutions against further approvals for the import of genetically engineered plants. (cban.ca)

Tracing the Evolution of Shiitake Mushrooms Understanding Lentinula genomes and their evolution could provide strategies for converting plant waste into sugars for biofuel production. (doe.gov)
A review of the reference genomes available for seed-free plants, as well as areas where such resources are lacking, is presented in Nature Plants this week . (genomeweb.com)
In their review, the authors also discuss various unique features that have emerged from genomic studies of seed-free plants and their importance in comparison to seed plant genomes. (genomeweb.com)
The agritech industry is editing plant genomes to feed a growing population, expand the produce aisle, and make tastier, more convenient food products. (the-scientist.com)
From the genomes we can also get molecular data to see how the plants evolve. (lu.se)

Despite this, there are adaptive characteristics and distinctive features that that distinguish the lifestyle of plants from those of animals, hence the adoption of only distantly related components in revealing the genetic regulations of plant cell death. (essaywriter.org)
For example, instead of breeding for many years to move a disease resistance gene from a wild strawberry into a modern strawberry, gene editing allows a direct introduction of the genetic information. (ufl.edu)
By using CRISPR technology, these genes or gene variants can be moved into desirable genetic backgrounds that can be further moved via conventional crossing in later generations. (ufl.edu)
The suggested EU GMO legislation for plants produced by targeted mutagenesis and cisgenesis is unscientific, lacks a supporting basis in data or experience, and provides no utility in considering how to ensure safety of innovations produced with new (developed since 1992) genetic techniques. (itif.org)
Any putative positive consequences from the proposed new regulations for NGTs (new genomic technologies) are purely illusory, serving only to delude the uninformed they are thus protected from hazards no different than those seen with other genetic improvement methods or entirely imaginary. (itif.org)
Health Canada and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency are exempting some genetically engineered plants and foods from government oversight , specifically many of those produced through the new genetic engineering techniques of genome editing (also called gene editing). (cban.ca)
Newly created genome-wide maps of more than 6 million enhancer-gene connections and their use in interpreting the functions of disease-related genetic variants are reported in Nature this week . (genomeweb.com)
In the paper, a team led by Broad Institute scientists use their activity-by-contact model, which predicts which enhancers regulate which genes, to create enhancer-gene maps in 131 human cell types and tissues, then apply the maps to analyze fine-mapped genetic variants associated with 72 diseases and complex traits. (genomeweb.com)
The candidate genes will be identified by comparing gene expression profiling data from plant tissues at different physiological conditions and genetic backgrounds. (usda.gov)
In fact, some of the genes the scientists found to be expressed at high levels in woody tissues may carry the genetic instructions for making the enzymes the scientists would like to control. (bnl.gov)
Genetic engineering can be done with plants, animals, or bacteria and other very small organisms. (medlineplus.gov)
Genetic engineering allows scientists to move desired genes from one plant or animal into another. (medlineplus.gov)
Genetic engineering allows scientists to select one specific gene to implant. (medlineplus.gov)

Michael Wassenegger is associate professor in molecular biology at the University of Heidelberg, deputy director of the AlPlanta Institute for Plant Research and head of the AlPlanta Epigenetics Department. (degruyter.com)
Plant Molecular Biology 1993, 20(2) , 255-66. (ncl.ac.uk)
Plant Molecular Biology 66:221-231. (usda.gov)
The study, published in the April 2009 issue of Plant Molecular Biology, also lays a foundation for understanding these genes' evolutionary and structural properties and for a broader exploration of their roles in plant life. (bnl.gov)
a deep knowledge and understanding of how plants function at different levels of organization, from molecular biology to ecophysiological level, including: the structure and properties of cells, the life processes and their regulation, genome structure, function and evolution, and plant development and reproduction systems. (lu.se)

Broad-spectrum resistance gene RPW8.1 balances immunity and growth via feedback regulation of WRKYs. (bvsalud.org)

The main aim of this paper is to review the pathways that lead to cell death in plants with a purpose of identifying the anti-cell death genes. (essaywriter.org)
Mediators of gene silencing pathways, microRNA (miRNA) populations have now been extensively characterised and implicated in numerous fundamental processes. (edu.au)
Among their findings are new genes and pathways related to inflammatory bowel disease, hundreds of genes that appear to control different traits through effects in different cell types, and a role for the mitochondrial metabolism-related gene PPIF in tuning mitochondrial function in macrophages. (genomeweb.com)
A new research project was initiated to identify the genes important to the processes and related signal transduction pathways. (usda.gov)
Flavonoids and phenolic acids, the largest classes of plant phenolics, are biosynthetically derived from the acetate and shikimate pathways, as well as the shikimate pathway from phenylalanine or tyrosine 12 . (scialert.net)

Meta-QTL analysis for mining of candidate genes and constitutive gene network development for viral disease resistance in maize (Zea mays L. (researchgate.net)

Recent technology has been developed to precisely engineer genes for traits of interest. (ufl.edu)
CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) is one form of gene editing that can be used to precisely modify a gene of interest without otherwise compromising the favorable traits of an elite variety (Rani et al. (ufl.edu)
The UF/IFAS strawberry breeding program has identified several important gene regions controlling disease resistance traits that are directly relevant to Florida growers. (ufl.edu)
However, just as each cultivar has different traits and qualities, they also behave differently with respect to introduction of new genes. (ufl.edu)
MicroRNAs are non-coding RNAs that control key traits in animals and plants. (edu.au)
Nor are there likely to be, as such traits are complex, controlled by multiple genes. (gmwatch.org)
Gene-editing can be used to develop desirable traits in important staple foods - in Australia this means the cereals wheat and barley, which are grown under challenging environmental conditions, and most of these grains are exported to neighbouring countries in the Asia-Pacific region. (edu.au)
This involves selecting plants or animals with desired traits and breeding them. (medlineplus.gov)
This avoids introducing other genes with undesirable traits. (medlineplus.gov)

The dominant discovery in these experiments indicates that there is a heterologous expression of certain genes in plants that can regulate cell death. (essaywriter.org)
Together, these results suggest the potential for heterologous expression of the AtCBF3 gene to mediate tolerance to hydric and saline stress in citrus plants. (springer.com)

Figure 1: Expression patterns of DRB1 and DRB2 in wild-type plants, and miRNA target expression in drb1 and drb2 . (nature.com)
Light regulation of plant gene expression by an upstream enhancer-like element. (wikidata.org)
Tissue-specific and light-regulated expression of a pea nuclear gene encoding the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase. (wikidata.org)
Four ethylene receptors genes ( AcERS1b , AcERS1b , AcETR2a , and AcETR2b ) have been cloned, and expression analysis showed that AcERS1b , AcETR2a , and AcETR2b play key roles in pineapple flowering 13 . (nature.com)
The molecular steps in the replication pathway that regulate the levels of viral gene expression are not well defined. (microbiologyresearch.org)
We have investigated potential mechanisms of regulation of rotavirus gene expression by functional evaluation of two differentially expressed viral mRNAs. (microbiologyresearch.org)
These data define a regulatory mechanism for the difference in amounts of VP6 and NSP1 and provide evidence for post-transcriptional control of rotavirus gene expression mediated by the translational efficiency of individual viral mRNAs. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Nucleotide sequence and expression in Escherichia coli of the gene encoding the nonstructural protein NCVP2 of bovine rotavirus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Our study shows that the direction of effects of most cis-regulatory variants differentiating the response between A. thaliana and the sister species A. lyrata and A. halleri depends on the direction of pre-existing plasticity in gene expression. (nih.gov)
A comparison of the rate of cis-acting variant accumulation in each lineage indicates that the selective forces driving adaptive evolution in gene expression favors regulatory changes that magnify the stress response in A. lyrata. (nih.gov)
The 3' regulatory regions have a great diversity of cis -regulatory elements directly involved in polyadenylation, stability, transport and mRNA translation, essential to achieve the desired levels of gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
Although a small number of 3' regulatory regions have been identified and validated so far, many studies have shown that plant 3' regulatory regions have a higher potential to regulate gene expression in plants compared to widely used 3' regulatory regions, such as NOS and OCS from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and 35S from cauliflower mosaic virus. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we discuss the role of 3' regulatory regions in gene expression, and the superior potential that plant 3' regulatory regions have compared to NOS, OCS and 35S 3' regulatory regions. (frontiersin.org)
An innovative technique from Cornell University researchers finds seminal fluid protein transferred from male to female fruit flies during mating changes the expression of genes related to the fly's circadian clock. (phys.org)
Ectopic expression of RPW8.1 leads to enhanced disease resistance with cell death at leaves and compromised plant growth , implying a regulatory mechanism balancing RPW8.1-mediated resistance and growth . (bvsalud.org)
WRKY51 in turn suppresses RPW8.1 expression, forming a feedback regulation loop. (bvsalud.org)
Moreover, WRKY6, WRKY28 and WRKY41 play a role redundant to WRKY51 in the suppression of RPW8.1 expression and are constitutively upregulated in R1Y4 plants with WRKY51 being knocked out (wrky51 R1Y4) plants . (bvsalud.org)
Genes whose expression levels rise and fall similarly in a large set of samples, may be considered coexpressed. (mdpi.com)
The genes Cs RafS1 and CsGolS1 showed similar or greater expression in one of the transgenic lines with respect to control plants. (springer.com)
Because the environment encountered as well as methods that allow direct measurement of gene within a living host will be quite different from the external expression during interaction with a host. (cdc.gov)
Two of these environment, pathogens must be able to regulate the neces- methods, signature-tagged mutagenesis and in vivo sary genes in coordination as they move from the environ- expression technology, do not directly measure gene ment to the host and from one host niche to another. (cdc.gov)
expression and do not allow true genomic-scale analysis, The primary aim of investigating bacterial pathogenesis but they have been devised to identify genes necessary for is to understand the way that pathogens interact with the pathogens during real infections. (cdc.gov)
PERSPECTIVE their application to analysis of bacterial pathogens during terial gene expression during growth in vitro under condi- real infections is still in its infancy. (cdc.gov)
Molecular genetics of puroindolines and related genes: regulation of expression, membrane binding properties and applications. (usda.gov)
A wealth of information is now available that furthers our understanding regarding the spatial and temporal regulation of expression of Puroindoline genes and their promoter elements. (usda.gov)
Small and Large Ribosomal Subunit Deficiencies Lead to Distinct Gene Expression Signatures that Reflect Cellular Growth Rate. (broadinstitute.org)
Liu's group also made some interesting observations about gene expression and gene location in their study of the acyl-modifying enzyme genes. (bnl.gov)
That would prevent the RNA from building its enzyme, so the expression of one gene in the pair appears to inhibit its partner. (bnl.gov)
Perhaps understanding this natural "anti-sense" regulation for gene expression will assist scientists in their attempts to regulate acyl-modifying enzyme levels. (bnl.gov)
Upping the expression of a single gene improves the plant's ability to withstand light and increases yields. (the-scientist.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) is a large family of endogenous, small noncoding RNAs with 20-25 nucleotides that have emerged as key posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression in mammals, bacteria, and plants [ 1 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
The discovery of miRNAs has revolutionized our comprehension of the regulation of gene expression. (hindawi.com)
miRNAs are transcribed as ~70 nucleotide stem-loop precursors and subsequently processed by the cytoplasmic RNase-III type enzyme Dicer to generate ~22 nucleotide mature products which can target and modulate gene expression by inhibiting translation and/or inducing degradation of target mRNAs [ 4 , 6 , 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Increasing gene dosage greatly enhances recombinant expression of aquaporins in Pichia pastoris. (lu.se)
Although more and animals and plants and regulate gene/protein expression more progressions have been made about the through direct complementarity between their 5' region pathogenesis of asthma in recent years, the increasing and the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs. (cdc.gov)

In contrast, the selection of regulatory mechanisms is independent of the degree of mismatch between a plant miRNA and its target transcript 5 . (nature.com)
Chaves MM, Flexas J, Pinheiro C (2009) Photosynthesis under drought and salt stress: regulation mechanisms from whole plant to cell. (springer.com)
Fang Y, Xiong L (2015) General mechanisms of drought response and their application in drought resistance improvement in plants. (springer.com)
In addition, we discuss the possible mechanisms involved in improving the growth of plants cultivated in soils with acid pH, as well as mechanisms of tolerance to the toxic effect of Al. (frontiersin.org)
The additional information gen- these responses will increase understanding of the molec- erated by whole genome studies goes far beyond that ular mechanisms of pathogenesis, identify new bacterial derived by characterizing in isolation more genes and gene virulence factors, and aid in the design of new vaccines. (cdc.gov)

Alterations in DNA methylation, lncRNAs and multiple genes may be involved in the regulation of FTLs . (nature.com)

RIViT-seq technology could speed up associating transcription factors with their target genes. (doe.gov)

The current EU regulations on "GMOs" in agriculture have not improved food safety or the environmental sustainability of agricultural production. (itif.org)

This approach is known as 'CRISPR' gene editing. (ufl.edu)
We anticipate that, over the next decade, CRISPR and other gene editing techniques will be used to rapidly develop elite strawberry varieties with improved disease resistance, fruit quality, and other valuable attributes. (ufl.edu)
What is CRISPR gene editing? (ufl.edu)
Does CRISPR gene editing = transgenic technology? (ufl.edu)
Countries like Sweden and Argentina have made similar proclamations, indicating that the finished CRISPR-edited varieties do not fall under certain regulations because they do not contain 'foreign' DNA. (ufl.edu)
We published another article about CRISPR gene editing in crop improvement ( https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/HS1334 ). (ufl.edu)
Gene editing via CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) burst onto the world stage barely a decade ago, but it has massively disrupted and rearranged the innovation landscape. (itif.org)
As for the SMEs argument, Testbiotech has strongly challenged it in an analysis that found that the agribiz giant DowDupont controls large parts of the seed market through a patent cartel on the most popular gene-editing technology, CRISPR. (gmwatch.org)
Researchers use CRISPR to create plants that resist infection by DNA viruses. (the-scientist.com)

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Book of abstracts, 9th International Barley Genetics Symposium. (usda.gov)

Here we show that the form of regulatory action directed by a plant miRNA is determined by DRB2, a DICER-LIKE1 (DCL1) partnering protein. (nature.com)
Photochrome-mediated regulation of messenger RNAs for the small subunit of ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase and the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein in Lemna gibba. (wikidata.org)
We measured the levels of gene 5 and gene 6 mRNA and showed that they were not significantly different, and protein analysis indicated no difference in stability of NSP1 compared with VP6. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the simian rotavirus gene 6 that codes for the major inner capsid protein. (microbiologyresearch.org)
My areas of expertise include plant science, light microscopy, protein and agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA extraction and PCR, Western blotting, aseptic technique and plant, bacteria and human cell culture. (ncl.ac.uk)
Streamlining Regulon Identification in Bacteria Regulons are a group of genes that can be turned on or off by the same regulatory protein. (doe.gov)
A research team led by Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research has harnessed metabolomic technologies to unravel the molecular activities of a key protein that can enable plants to withstand a common herbicide. (phys.org)
In this unique organization, the paired genes (sequences of DNA) produce protein-encoding segments (RNAs) that are complementary to one another - meaning the two RNA strands would stick to each other like highly specific Velcro. (bnl.gov)
Since the beginning of my research career, I have worked with Boolean gene regulatory network models, the HP model of protein folding, stem cell regulation, circadian clocks in plants, plant-pathogen interactions, evolutionary algorithms, degradation of soil organic matter by fungi and methods for processing spectroscopic imaging data. (lu.se)
As binding of miRNAs to a target mRNA may result in an airway inflammatory disease closely correlates with either mRNA degradation or inhibition of protein immune regulation, more and more evidences suggest translation.1 More than 2000 miRNAs have been discovered in humans. (cdc.gov)
Molecular neuroscience has largely focused on the functions of protein-coding genes, which account for less than 2% of our DNA. (lu.se)

However, the components and mechanism(s) that determine whether a plant miRNA ultimately regulates its targets by guiding cleavage or translational inhibition are unknown 6 . (nature.com)
It seemed possible that these genes are regulated by transcription factors that are themselves regulated by miRNAs, and at a translational level by a process involving DRB2. (nature.com)
Widespread translational inhibition by plant miRNAs and siRNAs. (nature.com)
The role of the 3′-untranslated region of non-polyadenylated plant viral mRNAs in regulating translational efficiency. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Reichel M, Li Y, Li J and Millar AA (2015) Inhibiting plant microRNA activity: molecular SPONGEs, target MIMICs and STTMs all display variable efficacies against target microRNAs. (edu.au)
MicroRNAs participate in the regulation of asthma, the goal of this study is to summarize recent researches on the roles of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of asthma. (cdc.gov)
MicroRNAs not only participate in determining DCs phenotype and then naive T lymphocyte differentiation, but also participate in the regulation of airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthma. (cdc.gov)

Of course, an understanding of the similarities and differences during the evolution of plant defense networks cannot ignore the lineage-specific coevolution between plants and their pathogens. (nih.gov)
These examples illustrate well how pathogens frequently target gene regulation and thereby alter immune responses on a larger scale. (nih.gov)
That this is effective is demonstrated by the diversity of pathogens from distinct kingdoms capable of manipulating the same gene regulatory networks, such as the RNA silencing machinery. (nih.gov)
Bacterial pathogens must be able to gain gene-at-a-time" approach. (cdc.gov)

However, we now have a number of methods that must also produce factors that result (directly or indirectly) allow identification of genes critical for survival in a host in host damage. (cdc.gov)
Our next step will be to use biochemical and biophysical approaches to characterize these individual genes' functions to find those directly or indirectly related to cell-wall modification. (bnl.gov)

Here, we focus on the evolution of transcriptional regulatory networks involved in plant-pathogen interactions. (nih.gov)
We discuss the evolution of regulatory networks and their role in fine-tuning plant defense responses. (nih.gov)
Our investigation suggests that, despite similarity in core regulatory networks, the dynamics of these can contribute to plant cells being more plastic than mammalian cells, i.e. capable to reorganize from single differentiated cells to whole plants-reprogramming. (lu.se)
Broadly speaking, my research has been a mixture of coarse-grained and detailed modeling, often involving gene regulatory networks, and development of algorithms and open source software. (lu.se)

Since then, she has been working as a postodoc in Dr. Wassenegger's lab (RLP AgroScience GmbH, AlPlanta) and her main field of interest is RNA-interference (RNAi) and viroid biology in plants. (degruyter.com)
My research interests include studies on the biology, epidemiology and management of bacterial diseases of plant especially citrus canker, blackleg of potato and bacterial blight of rice. (edu.pk)
Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 5, 437-443. (scirp.org)
Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 10, 645-652. (scirp.org)
BMC Plant Biology 2008, 8 (1):45. (lu.se)
Our group also has connections to plant biology through the Sainsbury Laboratory at the University of Cambridge. (lu.se)

In animals, the degree of base pairing between a miRNA and its target messenger RNA seems to determine whether the regulation occurs through cleavage or translation inhibition 1 . (nature.com)
The microarray analysis of drb2 also revealed a large set of gene transcripts that were significantly different from wild-type levels, but which are not thought to be the primary targets of miRNA-directed regulation ( Supplementary Fig. 3 ). (nature.com)
Figure 3: Regulation of miRNA targets in floral tissue of drb1 and drb2 . (nature.com)

Polyribosome analysis showed that the majority of gene 6 mRNA was present on large polysomes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
In contrast, sedimentation of more than half of the gene 5 mRNA was subpolysomal. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The change in distribution of gene 5 mRNA in polyribosome gradients in response to treatment with low concentrations of cycloheximide suggested that gene 5 is a poor translation initiation template compared with gene 6 mRNA. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Polyadenylation is essential for the stability of the transcript, preventing the mRNA from being the target of posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) via RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 6 (RDR6) in plants ( Luo and Chen, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)

Notably, WRKY51 has no significant effects on disease resistance or plant growth in wild type without RPW8.1, indicating a specific role in RPW8.1-mediated disease resistance . (bvsalud.org)

With gene editing, the final product can match that obtained by conventional plant breeding, but in a much shorter timeframe. (ufl.edu)
We can utilize established DNA marker-assisted breeding tools to track the edited genes in subsequent generations, adding to the speed of new variety development. (ufl.edu)
Based on policy discussions, it is possible that the first-generation plants containing the edited genes will not require extensive regulation, and these tools will be extremely valuable in the long-term efforts of every strawberry breeding program. (ufl.edu)
He did his diploma and PhD at the Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research and the University of Cologne. (degruyter.com)
According to DowDupont, access to such a high number of patents is necessary in order to apply the technology in plant breeding to its full extent. (gmwatch.org)
Testbiotech says, "DowDuPont is now in the unprecedented position in plant breeding of being able to allow other companies access to the patent pool and demand licence contracts: what on the one hand is promoted as the 'democratisation' of patent law, is on closer scrutiny emerging as nothing less than a way of controlling competitors and securing a dominant market position. (gmwatch.org)
The research, published in the journal Plants , was funded by a grant from the Commonwealth Government Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF, formerly DAWE) from the Project Assisting Small Exporters on 'Building Capacity for Small Exporters to Exploit new breeding technologies', Grant number 4-FA4N7WL. (edu.au)

However, there is still much to learn about this plant, including the function of its many DNA conserved noncoding sequences (CNSs). (doe.gov)
Newly developed gene amplification tests can also detect noninfectious SV40 sequences. (who.int)
Although there is no evidence of SV40 sequences in OPV, the Expert Committee agreed to the introduction of a gene amplification test for SV40 in poliovirus seed stocks to provide an additional level of security. (who.int)

Physcomitrella Genome Expected to Provide Help with Global Climate Change The Science An international team of scientists has annotated all 32,275 genes of Physcomitrella patens, a moss sequenced by the DOE Joint Genome Institute that contains about 10,000 more genes than humans. (doe.gov)
Unexpected complexity of the Aquaporin gene family in the moss Physcomitrella patens. (lu.se)

Although the plant and animal kingdoms were separated more than 1,6 billion years ago, multicellular development is for both guided by similar transcriptional, epigenetic and posttranscriptional machinery. (lu.se)

Therefore, several studies have been conducted with the aim of establishing the best ways through which plant development can be assured, taking into consideration the environmental response and evolutionary patterns of the modern society. (essaywriter.org)
The evolutionary constraints measured on the amino-acid sequence of these genes support this interpretation. (nih.gov)

Since then, he has been working as a postodoc in Dr. Wassenegger's lab (RLP AgroScience GmbH, AlPlanta) and his main field of interest is RNA-interference (RNAi) and RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) in plants. (degruyter.com)
At least in plants, DNA regions that become de novo methylated can be defined by homologous RNA molecules in a process termed RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). (degruyter.com)
Richards, E. (1997) DNA methylation and plant develop- ment. (scirp.org)

Gain and loss of function studies have indicated that miRNAs play a critical role in the regulation of all key biological functions such as development, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and apoptosis [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)

Of particular interest to Liu's group were a number of genes expressed at high levels in the woody plant tissues. (bnl.gov)

Journal of Plant Physiology 180, 45-48. (edu.au)
Plant and Cell Physiology 2007, 48 (8):1132-1147. (lu.se)
Plant Physiology and Development (2014) Taiz et al. (lu.se)

Lastly, they touch on future research directions that will further understanding of plant genome evolution. (genomeweb.com)
Researchers have sequenced 360 varieties of the tomato plant to create a comprehensive map of the evolution of the fruit from its wild form to the modern varieties. (the-scientist.com)

Light-stimulated transcription of genes for two chloroplast polypeptides in isolated pea leaf nuclei. (wikidata.org)
Chloroplast movement is one of the plant adaptations to the changing light at the molecular level. (wikipedia.org)

Passive movements are related to drought, where plants employ passive adaptation like increasing leaf reflectance during high light (by for example producing salt crystals on the leaf surface) or developing air-filled hairs. (wikipedia.org)
Bartels D, Sunkar R (2005) Drought and salt tolerance in plants. (springer.com)

Frontiers in Plant Science 2012, 3 . (lu.se)

In addition, both systems have designated genes that turn on differentiation. (lu.se)

One may ask to what extent there are similarities and differences in the gene regulation circuits and their dynamics when it comes to important processes like stem cell regulation. (lu.se)

Soft kernel texture phenotype results when the Puroindoline a and Puroindoline b genes are present and encode the wild-type puroindolines PINA and PINB, respectively, and various mutant alleles in either or both gene(s) result in hard phenotypes. (usda.gov)

Plant Physiol. (nature.com)
Plant Physiol 133: 1480-93. (gersteinlab.org)

A sequencing blitz on the tomato genome reveals the genes that contribute most to tastiness. (the-scientist.com)

These are not amenable to manipulation via the crude tools of gene editing. (gmwatch.org)
UPTON, NY - By creating a "family tree" of genes expressed in one form of woody plant and a less woody, herbaceous species, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have uncovered clues that may help them engineer plants more amenable to biofuel production. (bnl.gov)

Scientists at UMass Chan Medical School and the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole have identified the first gene-Bmal1-to play a crucial role in regulating circatidal behavior in the crustacean Parhyale hawaiensis. (phys.org)
The type of biological networks that studies gene coexpression, known as Gene Coexpression Networks, consist of an undirected graph depicting genes and their coexpression relationships. (mdpi.com)

Urwin PE, Yi L, Martin H, Atkinson HJ, Gilmartin PM. Functional characterization of the EMCV IRES in plants . (ncl.ac.uk)
Here, we focus on functional homologies by performing a comparison between the circuitry connecting these players in plants and animals and find striking similarities, suggesting that comparable regulatory logics have been evolved for stem cell regulation in both kingdoms. (lu.se)

The UK approves the use of new gene editing techniques on human embryos for research purposes. (rnz.co.nz)

However, with the continuing trends of human development, the transition of plant use for facilitating manufacturing activities continues to weaken the traditional role played by plants. (essaywriter.org)
Additionally, this discussion expands its mandate by analyzing the function and regulation of anti-cell death in plant development. (essaywriter.org)
Using relevant sources of literature, the paper delivers a systematic analysis of fascinating analogies between cell death and plant development with respect to the primary functions of cell death as stipulated in the introductory outline of the discussion. (essaywriter.org)
At the end of the discussion, significant insights will be developed to paint a picture of the emerging trends in plant development with respect to the topical research on anti-cell death genes. (essaywriter.org)
Since this discovery, the field of plant programmed cell death has continued to grow, with maturity depicted in studies aimed at distinguishing the roles of plant cell deaths in plant development. (essaywriter.org)
In plants, cell death is a fundamental process, as it plays the roles of controlling the elimination of cells during plant development and defense in the form of hypersensitive response. (essaywriter.org)
Different plant species exhibit different adaptations to shade, and a particular plant can exhibit varying degrees of shade tolerance, or even of requirement for light, depending on its history or stage of development. (wikipedia.org)
The absence of consistent international policies on gene-edited produce acts as a non-tariff trade barrier that can impede the development and trade of produce to meet food demands in the region. (edu.au)
This work was supported by the DOE-Department of Agriculture joint Plant Feedstock Genomics program and by Brookhaven's Laboratory Directed Research and Development program. (bnl.gov)
Primary metabolites are required for maintenance of plant cells 1 , while secondary metabolites are essential to the normal growth, development and defence of plants. (scialert.net)
Addressed to regulatory authorities as well as to the food industry, the book also aims to provide a solid scientific basis for the development of comprehensive, well enforced food regulations that can keep pace with technological advances. (who.int)

Genome Insider: A Shrubbier Version of Rubber Hear from the consortium working on understanding the guayule plant's genome, which could lead to an improved natural rubber plant. (doe.gov)
or (3) introduces a gene known to occur in the plant's gene pool, or causes a change in a gene that corresponds to a version of that gene present in the organism's gene pool. (cban.ca)

Gene-drive technology has the potential to wipe out whole species and the Sustainability Council says the technology is a biosecurity threat and needs urgent global regulation. (rnz.co.nz)
Gene-drive can deliver extinction to order and it can target species in the wild, so it's no ordinary technology and it needs serious regulation. (rnz.co.nz)
Furthermore, all transgenic lines exhibited significantly less accumulation of reactive oxygen species than WT plants. (springer.com)
In plants and other organisms, Al can have a beneficial or toxic effect, depending on factors such as, metal concentration, the chemical form of Al, growth conditions and plant species. (frontiersin.org)
Nearly 20% of plant species accumulate alkaloids, which mainly include terpenoid indole alkaloids, tropane alkaloids and purine alkaloids 3 . (scialert.net)

They assess the safety of GE foods to humans, animals, plants, and the environment. (medlineplus.gov)

Eukaryotes have a mechanism termed alternative polyadenylation (APA), which allows the selective use of PAS in genes containing multiple PAS. (frontiersin.org)

Murdoch scientists have developed a comprehensive view of the regulatory environment for gene-edited products across the Asia-Pacific region, highlighting the need for consistency to help feed growing populations. (edu.au)
Scientists take the gene for a desired trait in one plant or animal, and they insert that gene into a cell of another plant or animal. (medlineplus.gov)

Anatomy30

Organisms85

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs55

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment13

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes62

Disciplines and Occupations5

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture26

Information Science3

Health Care9

20233

Transcriptional regulation2

Arabidopsis7

Proteins9

Genetically modified3

Crops15

Biotechnology4

20191

Genomes5

Genetic13

Molecular Biology5

Immunity1

Pathways5

Candidate genes1

Traits9

Heterologous expression2

Expression35

Mechanisms5

Multiple genes1

Target genes1

GMOs1

CRISPR9

Genetics1

Protein11

Translational4

MicroRNAs3

Pathogens4

Directly or indirectly2

Regulatory Networks4

Biology6

MiRNA3

MRNA4

Disease Resistance1

Breeding7

Sequences3

Physcomitrella2

Posttranscriptional1

Evolutionary2

Methylation3

Indicated that miRNAs1

Tissues1

Physiology3

Evolution2

Chloroplast2

Drought2

Frontiers1

Differentiation1

Similarities and differences1

Phenotypes1

Physiol2

Reveals1

Amenable2

Biological2

Functional2

Embryos1

Development11

Plant's2

Species5

Humans1

Selective1

Scientists2