• Immunologic and confocal microscopic evidence also suggested a transient but significant stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Cav-1 in β-cells briefly (for 15 min) exposed to IL-1β that was markedly attenuated by three structurally distinct inhibitors of protein tyrosine phosphorylation. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • There are various forms of protein level regulation for tmem242. (wikipedia.org)
  • The tmem242 protein further folds to its final structure to embed in a membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ABCB7 protein is located in the inner membrane of cell structures called mitochondria. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In the mitochondria of developing red blood cells (erythroblasts), the ABCB7 protein plays a critical role in the production of heme. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Overall, researchers believe that the ABCB7 protein helps maintain an appropriate balance of iron (iron homeostasis) in developing red blood cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This process depends on the general physico-chemical features of the cargo membrane protein and on the interactions of these features with the collective properties of the bilayer, instead of the one-to-one intermolecular interactions that exist between discrete signals and their receptors. (biologists.com)
  • The yeast SM protein Vps45p regulates membrane fusion through the trans-Golgi / late endosomal system, and interacts directly with the syntaxin (Tlg2p) and the v-SNARE (Snc2p) proteins. (gla.ac.uk)
  • The role of measles virus (MV)-induced and sphingomyelinase dependent modulation of lipids and lipid-regulated protein topology, functionality at the plasma membrane of T cells as the part of suppression of immune responses. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • 2) plasma membrane protein and lipid visulaization by super-resolution microscopy techniques (dSTORM, SIM) including usage of functionalized synthetic sphingolipids. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • Cell membranes need to change their shapes during many cellular processeslike protein trafficking, cytokinesis and membrane homeostasis. (kth.se)
  • Here, we employed transmission electronmicroscopy and other biophysical methods to elucidate how BAR domainproteins steer processes at the membrane.In this work we studied the BAR protein bridging integrator 1 (BIN1), whichhas an established role in cancer, Alzheimer's disease and skeletalmyopathies. (kth.se)
  • Thisimplies that BIN1 rather bundles actin than decorates single filaments.Third, we explored a strategy to purify an aggregation prone BAR protein.Aggregation is a property common in Peripheral Membrane Proteins. (kth.se)
  • We conclude that protein function is informative across species in predicting post-transcriptional miRNA regulation in living cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Structure-guided biochemical analyses demonstrate that Get4-mediated regulation of ATP hydrolysis by Get3 is essential to efficient TA-protein targeting. (caltech.edu)
  • Analogous regulation of other chaperones or targeting factors could provide a general mechanism for ensuring effective substrate capture during protein biogenesis. (caltech.edu)
  • I am a plant cell biologist and protein biochemist at Oxford Brookes University with expertise in the structure and function of the plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER), membrane proteins and auxin biosynthesis using biochemical techniques as well as high-resolution live cell imaging. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • I am committed to interdisciplinary research, and an example of the successes gained from this approach is the project with Prof A Nabok (Engineering Sheffield Hallam University) using total internal reflection ellipsometry to quantify protein-membrane interactions on native plant membranes and human cell lines. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • Program access grant to the STFC Harwell Laser Facility 'The Plant Cell Initiative: Protein interactions in the higher plant secretory pathway' 2017-2021 (approximate value of £200K). (brookes.ac.uk)
  • The hiPSC-EC-exposed oligodendrocyte lineage cells showed significant increase in the level of phosphorylated S6 ribosomal protein (pS6) both in vitro and in vivo, indicating an involvement of mTORC1 pathway. (bvsalud.org)
  • Affinity tags can reduce merohedral twinning of membrane protein crystals. (lu.se)
  • 2022 ) Protein domain-dependent vesiculation of Lipoprotein A, a protein that is important in cell wall synthesis and fitness of the human respiratory pathogen Haemophilus influenzae . (lu.se)
  • By combinatorial screening using H4 and molecules with defined targets, we demonstrated that H4 induces differentiation by the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathway, and in line with this, activates PKC phosphorylation and translocation of PKC to the cell membrane. (lu.se)
  • PIs contribute to various aspects of neuronal activity, such as synaptic transmission and maintenance of membrane excitability by regulating ion channels and intracellular signaling pathways. (jneurosci.org)
  • Because magnesium is bound to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) inside the cell, shifts in intracellular magnesium concentration may help to regulate cellular bioenergetics, such as mitochondrial respiration. (medscape.com)
  • There exists an exchange of molecules and ions in and out of the cell wall, as well as in and out of membrane-bounded intracellular compartments such as the nucleus, ER, and mitrochondria. (wikibooks.org)
  • Clearance of small intestinal crypts involves goblet cell mucus secretion by intracellular granule rupture and enterocyte ion transport. (gu.se)
  • Also included in this category are receptors found on INTRACELLULAR MEMBRANES that act via mechanisms similar to CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our studies revealed novel functions of intracellular complement components in β cells, presenting a new link between complement and diabetes development. (lu.se)
  • Moreover, removing the membrane-bound CD59 did not affect insulin secretion, suggesting that intracellular CD59 is involved in this function. (lu.se)
  • [ 7 ] "These membrane proteins are involved in several physiological activities including transepithelial ion absorption and secretion, cell volume regulation, and setting intracellular Cl concentration below or above its electrochemical potential equilibrium. (medscape.com)
  • PI(4,5)P 2 interacts with various ion channels and receptors to regulate membrane signaling but its nanoscale distribution and association with these proteins remain elusive. (jneurosci.org)
  • Of note, an increased carbohydrate uptake and/or induction of death receptors of cancer cells was exploited to develop glycoconjugates that potentially induce cellular stress, ROS and apoptosis. (degruyter.com)
  • SA plays an important role for regulation of the innate immunity, function as markers of the cells and can be recognized by a variety of receptors. (lu.se)
  • Many members of this class of receptors occur in the cytoplasm and are transported to the CELL NUCLEUS upon ligand-binding where they signal via DNA-binding and transcription regulation. (bvsalud.org)
  • To obtain information about BIN1's interaction with themembrane in near native environments, we used artificial lipid systems suchas liposomes and lipids nanotubes.First, we have shown that electrostatic interactions are more important forBIN1 when binding to membranes with low curvature. (kth.se)
  • The formation ofinvaginations (or tubules) is regulated by the composition of negativecharged lipids in membrane bilayer or electrostatic residues on the BARdomain. (kth.se)
  • We recently reported that the activation of H-Ras represents one of the signaling steps underlying the interleukin-1β (IL-1β)−mediated metabolic dysfunction of the islet β-cell. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Their ability to maintain cell and tissue homeostasis is critical, with many miRNA genes implicated in human diseases such as metabolic, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases ( Vishnoi and Rani, 2017 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • This mini review highlights the development of compounds that target cancer cells by taking advantage of redox or metabolic alteration in cancer cells. (degruyter.com)
  • Most cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming that support their survival and proliferation. (degruyter.com)
  • Cancer cells also enhance glucose-uptake to fuel these enhanced metabolic activities [ 2 ]. (degruyter.com)
  • High abundance of glucose in the cytoplasm of a cancer cell also increases flux into other metabolic pathways such as hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) [ 7 ]. (degruyter.com)
  • The course extends the knowledge of biochemistry acquired in the course Biochemistry I and deals with integration of biochemical processes in human body.Upon completion of this course the student should understand: biochemical processes characteristic for individual organs and tissues and principles of their regulation, metabolic interrelationships between metabolism of nutrients under various conditions in organism, principles of maintenance of homeostasis and acid-base equilibrium in the body. (muni.cz)
  • Acid-Base Regulation Metabolic processes in the human body continually produce acid and, to a lesser degree, base. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Study of biological processes at the suborganismal level including cell chemistry, metabolism, reproduction, genetics, and complex tissue physiology. (mnsu.edu)
  • The activity of purified FAM92A1-NT* was verified bynegative stain EM.IIFourth, we were interested in the regulation of the lipid metabolism. (kth.se)
  • This indicates the intricate control of metabolism and redox balance for survival of cancer cells that can be targeted by therapeutic agents. (degruyter.com)
  • Mueckler's work was centered around the mechanisms of glucose metabolism regulation and identifying factors that interfere with the process, leading to diabetes, certain cancers, and other conditions. (the-scientist.com)
  • The aim of the course is that the students should achieve advanced knowledge and understanding of chemical reactions in the cell with focusing on the structure and function of proteins, enzyme catalysis and the total metabolism of the cell. (lu.se)
  • The structure of the cell, the structure and function of nucleic acids, the structure and function of proteins and membranes, enzyme catalysis, the metabolism of the cell and its regulation, bioinformatics and proteomics, and cell biology related methods. (lu.se)
  • High conductance, stretch activated channels have been discovered in both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and located in the inner membrane. (europa.eu)
  • We investigated whether a molecular classification of tumor cell differentiation, based on a developmental biology approach, can provide additional prognostic information. (nih.gov)
  • This module provides an up to date understanding of how fundamental research in bacterial cell biology helps to elucidate central biological questions such as the control and regulation of cell division and of gene expression in bacteria. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • The lecture sequence will comprise of a module introduction followed by lectures on specific aspects of bacterial cell biology. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • We study their mechanism of membrane insertion, the factors that trigger their activation and their inhibition using integrative structural biology tools, with a particular emphasis in solution NMR, as well as biophysics and fluorescence microscopy. (kent.ac.uk)
  • Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology reviews our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in establishing and maintaining cell polarity, as well as their relevance for human disorders. (cshlpress.com)
  • She graduated from Arizona State University, where she studied genetics, cell, and developmental biology. (the-scientist.com)
  • Molecular Membrane Biology 2013, 30 (3):246-260. (lu.se)
  • Jose joined the School of Biosciences in September 2016 as a Lecturer in Biological NMR and head of the NMR facility, where his research group specialises in the structural and functional studies of proteins able to insert in lipid membranes, forming pores and channels. (kent.ac.uk)
  • Structure and Stability of the Spinach Aquaporin SoPIP2;1 in Detergent Micelles and Lipid Membranes. (lu.se)
  • The inner membrane fraction of Escherichia coli, fused into giant liposomes and studied by patch clamp, revealed several other channels which were insensitive to the applied suction. (europa.eu)
  • MLKL is a critical mediator of necroptosis that ruptures cellular membranes leading to cell death. (kent.ac.uk)
  • Chloride is mainly transported via electroneutral cation-Cl cotransporters, which allow Cl to always follow cations mainly Na and K across cellular membranes. (medscape.com)
  • PI(4)P is enriched in the membrane of the Golgi apparatus and synaptic vesicles (SVs), PI(4,5)P 2 and PI(3,4,5)P 3 mainly exist in the plasma membrane, PI(3)P and PI(3,5)P 2 are selectively concentrated on early and late endosomes, respectively. (jneurosci.org)
  • A short-term position at Oxford Brookes just after my PhD allowed me to expand my expertise to ER and Golgi as well as acquiring skills in live cell imaging. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • set the stage for the still ongoing debate on the role of bulk flow versus receptor-mediated transport of cargo molecules through the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells. (biologists.com)
  • SNARE proteins are essential components of the machinery that facilitates membrane fusion in eukaryotic cells. (gla.ac.uk)
  • You will also employ functional assays investigating host-pathogen interactions in vitro, such as serum bactericidal assay or adherence to eukaryotic cells. (lu.se)
  • In addition, it separates and regulates access between the apical and basolateral membrane domains of polarized epithelia. (plos.org)
  • Phosphoinositides (PIs) are minor components on the cytoplasmic side of eukaryotic cell membranes, but they play essential roles in a wide variety of cellular functions. (jneurosci.org)
  • Throughout, the focus is on epithelial cells and how polarity mechanisms facilitate the development of their apical and basolateral surfaces, tube formation (e.g., in blood vessel development), exchange of waste and nutrients, and the generation and maintenance of specialized structures at the cell surface (e.g., cilia). (cshlpress.com)
  • Aquaporin-5 (AQP5) is a water-specific channel located on the apical surface of airway epithelial cells. (plos.org)
  • In contrast, overexpression of AQP5 increased assembly of microtubules, with evidence of increased MT stability, and promoted the formation of long straight microtubules in the apical domain of the epithelial cells. (plos.org)
  • Aquaporin-5 (AQP5) is a water-specific channel located on the apical membrane of epithelial cells in several sites in mammals, including corneal and pancreatic epithelium, secretory cells in salivary and lacrimal glands, and airway submucosal glands, bronchial epithelium and type I pneumocytes of the respiratory tract. (plos.org)
  • Airway epithelial cells can dynamically regulate paracellular permeability in response to both physiologic and pathologic stimuli [6] , [11] . (plos.org)
  • AQP5 can regulate paracellular permeability in primary airway epithelial cells [6] . (plos.org)
  • In airway epithelial cells, altered AQP5 abundance is associated with changes in actin organization and in desmoplakin localization, which could contribute to the changes in paracellular permeability. (plos.org)
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the comparative toxic effects of industrial single-and multi-walled CNTs in macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Bronchial epithelial cells BEAS-2B appeared to be little susceptible to the MWCNT introduction: after 24 and 48 hours there were no significant decrease in viability compared to the control culture. (cdc.gov)
  • Macrophages (RAW 264.7) were much more sensitive to different types of CNTs than bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). (cdc.gov)
  • However, the distribution pattern of PI(4,5)P 2 and the association with these proteins on the neuronal cell membranes remain elusive. (jneurosci.org)
  • Located in neuronal cell body and plasma membrane bounded cell projection. (wormbase.org)
  • In 2011 he obtained a FEBS long-term fellowship to conduct his postdoctoral research in Dr Jason Schnell's laboratory at the University of Oxford, studying membrane proteins by solution NMR. (kent.ac.uk)
  • The interactions with the various BM components differentially affect β-cells, although the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. (nature.com)
  • In this study, we first examined the ovulation of Ciona intestinalis Type A by monitoring follicle rupture in vitro, identifying a novel mechanism of neuropeptidergic regulation of oocyte maturation and ovulation. (elifesciences.org)
  • Pawlowski, N. Dynamin self-assembly and the vesicle scission mechanism: how dynamin oligomers cleave the membrane neck of clathrin-coated pits during endocytosis. (nature.com)
  • For membrane proteins, a third mechanism, based on the interaction of their transmembrane domain (TMD) with lipid microdomains, must also be considered. (biologists.com)
  • Following starvation-induced autophagy, nascent lysosomes are formed from autolysosomal membranes through an evolutionarily conserved cellular process, autophagic lysosome reformation (ALR), which is critical for maintaining lysosome homeostasis. (nature.com)
  • Currently, there is no consensus whether there is a single or multiple postnatal stem cell population(s) that contribute to skeletal homeostasis and postnatal bone formation. (researchgate.net)
  • Redirection of glutamine to cellular energetics destabilizes glutathione homeostasis in glioblastoma cells and other cancer cells [ 9 ]. (degruyter.com)
  • However, while many studies demonstrated the importance of the ECM, its interactions with β-cells are still not fully understood. (nature.com)
  • The combination of such self-organizational phenomena with canonical intermolecular interactions is most likely to control the release of membrane proteins from the ER into the secretory pathway. (biologists.com)
  • The Sec1p / Munc18 (SM) family are a conserved group of proteins that regulate membrane fusion through interactions with their cognate syntaxins. (gla.ac.uk)
  • It is likely tmem242 is found in the cellular membrane or the mitochondrial membrane, but other sub cellular locations are possible. (wikipedia.org)
  • Genome-wide CRISPRi screening identifies OCIAD1 as a prohibitin client and regulatory determinant of mitochondrial Complex III assembly in human cells. (nih.gov)
  • Cavadini P, Biasiotto G, Poli M, Levi S, Verardi R, Zanella I, Derosas M, Ingrassia R, Corrado M, Arosio P. RNA silencing of the mitochondrial ABCB7 transporter in HeLa cells causes an iron-deficient phenotype with mitochondrial iron overload. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mitochondrial DNA depletion impairs mitochondrial function in many of the body's cells and tissues, particularly the brain, liver, and other tissues that have high energy requirements. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Ovarian cancer immuno-reactive antigen domain containing 1 (OCIAD1), a key player in ovarian cancer cell adhesion. (nih.gov)
  • Their functions range from transport across the membrane, cell adhesion and regulation of the cell shape. (kent.ac.uk)
  • In polarized epithelium, adhesion between adjacent cells is mediated by intercellular junctions, namely, tight junctions, adherens junctions, and desmosomes [14] . (plos.org)
  • Both PLD and ALN are membrane-active toxins and contribute to the adhesion and invasion of A. hemolyticum to host cells. (cdc.gov)
  • This image highlights the dynamics of a portion of the enzyme CCT that is essential for regulation of its functions. (asbmb.org)
  • When bound to membranes, the CCT enzyme changes shape in a way that allows it to carry out the key rate-limiting step in PC synthesis. (asbmb.org)
  • How does this enzyme recognize that 'Oh, I should slow down because the PC content of the membrane is getting too high? (asbmb.org)
  • The simulated dance of the CCT molecule showed that when the M-domain, the section of the enzyme that typically binds to the membrane, detaches from a membrane, it snags the active site of the enzyme, preventing it from carrying out its reaction. (asbmb.org)
  • When the snagging segment was removed from the simulation, the team saw a dramatic bending motion in the docking site for the snagging element and speculated that this bending would create a better enzyme active site for catalyzing the reaction when attached to a membrane. (asbmb.org)
  • The specificity of these accumulated materials to the distinct enzyme defect is striking in the lysosomal disorders, and the accumulation then leads to abnormal cell architecture. (medscape.com)
  • RÉSUMÉ L'objectif de la présente étude était d'évaluer l'efficacité d'un programme d'exercice sur tapis roulant électronique sur le malondialdéhyde, en tant que marqueur de la peroxydation lipidique et sur une enzyme antioxydante, le glutathion peroxydase, chez des adolescents atteints du Syndrome de Down. (who.int)
  • The objective being to give an overview of the methods used in the discovery of molecular mechanisms used by model bacteria and the application of this in understanding the basic processes involved in bacterial growth and development in terms of regulation and biological function. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • General scheme of plant transport processes and its regulation. (elte.hu)
  • Integral membrane proteins and membrane-associated proteins are essential players in biological processes. (kent.ac.uk)
  • Chloride ion channels control several cellular processes required for the normal function of the cell, and growing evidence supports the role of this channels in the development of different types of cancer. (kent.ac.uk)
  • This polarization facilitates processes such as differentiation and morphogenesis, directional cell migration, nerve impulse transmission, and transport of molecules across tissues. (cshlpress.com)
  • This volume will thus be essential reading for all cell and developmental biologists, as well as those interested in how cell polarity processes impact human health and disease. (cshlpress.com)
  • Chaperone cascades coordinate the capture and handover of substrate proteins from the ribosomes to the target membranes, yet the mechanistic and structural details of these processes remain unclear. (caltech.edu)
  • While regulation of local water flux could contribute to these processes, the specific mechanisms by which these processes are mediated are not defined. (plos.org)
  • The activation and maturation of the quiescent oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) are the crucial cellular processes for CNS remyelination, which is influenced by neuroinflammation in the lesion microenvironment. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here we provide the first evidence to suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation of Cav-1 and subsequent interaction among members of the Ras signaling pathway within the membrane lipid microdomains represent early signaling mechanisms of IL-1β in β-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Kraft, C. & Martens, S. Mechanisms and regulation of autophagosome formation. (nature.com)
  • The authors also describe the polarity mechanisms involved in collective cell migration, a phenomenon seen during morphogenesis and cancer metastasis. (cshlpress.com)
  • This timely and thoughtful compendium beautifully summarizes the mechanisms governing cell polarity in discrete and thorough reviews. (cshlpress.com)
  • His work centered on the mechanisms of glucose transport into cells. (the-scientist.com)
  • Our data indicate that BC can be subclassified into three subtypes, on the basis of their differentiation states: basal, intermediate, and differentiated, where only the most primitive tumor cell subpopulation within each subtype is capable of generating xenograft tumors and recapitulating downstream populations. (nih.gov)
  • and regulation of stem cell differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • Since robust localisation of IRIS-1 in the nucleus is observed only in some nuclei, it can suggest that IRIS-1 is localising in the nucleus depending on the differentiation state of the cells or in a subset of cells with different functional relevance. (lu.se)
  • First, we screened 513 natural compounds on primary AML cells and identified a novel diterpene (H4) that preferentially induced differentiation of FLT3 wild-type AMLs, while FLT3-ITD/mutations conferred resistance. (lu.se)
  • SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In this study, we established an electron microscopic method to visualize and analyze the quantitative distribution pattern of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P 2 ) on cell membranes using cryo-fixed brain tissues and SDS-digested freeze-fracture replica labeling. (jneurosci.org)
  • HvPIP1;6, a Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plasma Membrane Water Channel Particularly Expressed in Growing Compared with Non-Growing Leaf Tissues. (lu.se)
  • 2022 ) Gene Expression Regulation in Airway Pathogens: Importance for Otitis Media. (lu.se)
  • Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • and plasma membrane bounded cell projection. (wormbase.org)
  • When coexpressed, mCD99 formed heterodimers with mCD99L2, as well as homodimers, and the heterodimers were localized more efficiently at the plasma membrane than were the homodimers. (nih.gov)
  • Their interaction was cytoplasmic domain-dependent and enhanced mCD99L2 trafficking to the plasma membrane regardless of whether it was transiently overexpressed or endogenously expressed. (nih.gov)
  • Ionic composition of blood plasma, gradients of Na+ and K+ across cell membranes. (muni.cz)
  • IgG is the main antibody type found in plasma and extracellular fluid and is expressed on B cell membrane. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Purification and Proteomic Analysis of Plant Plasma Membranes. (lu.se)
  • MOB102 Chemistry of the Cell 15 credits or KEM114 Biochemistry 15 credits. (lu.se)
  • In contrast, culturing on Laminin-421 induced the expression of β-cell genes, including Ins1 , MafA , and Glut2 , and significantly improved glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. (nature.com)
  • M ichael Mueckler, a cellular biologist who studied glucose transport and blood sugar regulation, has died at the age of 67. (the-scientist.com)
  • These are glucose-and lipo-toxicity, ER stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, dysfunctions in autophagy, and β cells dedifferentiation. (lu.se)
  • Figure 8: Starvation induces LC3 puncta formation in clathrin knockdown cells. (nature.com)
  • This is the first demonstration of essential pathways regulating oocyte maturation and ovulation in ascidians and will facilitate investigations of the evolutionary process of peptidergic regulation of oocyte maturation and ovulation throughout the phylum Chordata. (elifesciences.org)
  • Contributors discuss how cells coordinate signaling pathways, membrane trafficking, and cytoskeletal remodeling to ensure proper spatial arrangement of cellular components. (cshlpress.com)
  • Our work aims to elucidate how MLKL ruptures the membrane at molecular detail. (kent.ac.uk)
  • male germ cell associated kinase [Sourc. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Is an ortholog of human MAK (male germ cell associated kinase). (wormbase.org)
  • Where the heck did all those structures inside complex cells come from? (asbmb.org)
  • However, only a small number of structures of membrane proteins have been elucidated so far due to their low expression levels and the requirement of membrane mimetic environments for their study. (kent.ac.uk)
  • Soluble and cell free antigens, immunoglobulin structures. (muni.cz)
  • In this Commentary, I review evidence in favor of the idea that partitioning of TMDs into bilayer domains that are endowed with distinct physico-chemical properties plays a pivotal role in the transport of membrane proteins within the early secretory pathway. (biologists.com)
  • and the regulation of parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. (medscape.com)
  • In addition to providing biomechanical support to the islets, ECM components are required for β-cell development, proliferation, survival, and proper insulin secretion. (nature.com)
  • In paper II, we showed that silencing of CD59 expression in rat β cells significantly suppressed insulin secretion. (lu.se)
  • Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterised by defective insulin exocytosis from the pancreatic β cells, accompanied by insulin resistance. (lu.se)
  • Disruption of lipid rafts (e.g., with cyclodextrin) markedly reduced IL-1β−induced gene expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and NO release from β-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Overexpression of an inactive mutant of Cav-1 lacking the tyrosine phosphorylation site (Y14F) or an siRNA-mediated Cav-1 knock down also resulted in marked attenuation of IL-1β-induced iNOS gene expression and NO release from these cells, thus further implicating Cav-1 in this signaling cascade. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Whereas α2 laminins promoted islet cell clustering, they did not affect gene expression. (nature.com)
  • The array of transporters expressed in any given cell defines the cell's function and effectiveness. (wikibooks.org)
  • We suggest that SA-MIP can be used for screening of different tumor cells of various stages, including CLL cells. (lu.se)
  • Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent proteinases that participate in extracellular matrix degradation 1-3 and favor the invasion and proliferation of tumor cells 4 . (bvsalud.org)
  • We demonstrate that PI(4,5)P 2 forms tiny clusters with a mean size of ∼1000 nm 2 rather than randomly distributed in cerebellar neuronal membranes in male C57BL/6J mice. (jneurosci.org)
  • Solute transport on the sub 100 ms scale across the lipid bilayer membrane of individual proteoliposomes. (lu.se)
  • The availability of free energy is one of the factors that determine if a molecule will move across a membrane, the other being the permeability of the molecule in the lipid bilayer. (wikibooks.org)
  • When ΔG is positive the transport is active, an input of energy is needed to move a molecule up a concentration gradient, contrary to ΔG being negative the transport is passive, which means that such molecules will pass through a membrane down their own gradient, simple diffusion. (wikibooks.org)
  • SNARE proteins are subject to multiple levels of regulation, one of which is imbedded in the syntaxin (Qa-SNARE) molecule. (gla.ac.uk)
  • In the present study, we examined potential contributory roles of membrane-associated, cholesterol-enriched lipid rafts/caveolae and their constituent proteins (e.g., caveolin-1 [Cav-1]) as potential sites for IL-1β−induced nitric oxide (NO) release in the isolated β-cell. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Purpose of review: The identity and functional roles of stem cell population(s) that contribute to fracture repair remains unclear. (researchgate.net)
  • These clusters show preferential accumulation in specific membrane compartments of different cell types, in particular, in Purkinje cell (PC) spines and granule cell (GC) presynaptic active zones. (jneurosci.org)
  • C3 was required to maintain autophagy activity in β cells, as evidenced by the massive accumulation of LC3-II puncta, indicating that in the absence of C3 autophagosomes do not fuse with lysosomes. (lu.se)
  • Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) proteins are peripheralmembrane proteins (PMP) and play an important role in sculpturingmembranes and in the regulation of actin dynamics. (kth.se)
  • and consequently membrane deformation.Second, we clarified BIN1's role in actin dynamics. (kth.se)
  • Here, we report that AQP5 promotes microtubule assembly and helps maintain the assembled microtubule steady state levels with slower turnover dynamics in cells . (plos.org)
  • These findings indicate that AQP5-mediated regulation of microtubule dynamics modulates airway epithelial barrier properties and epithelial function. (plos.org)
  • Plant and Cell Physiology 2007, 48 (8):1132-1147. (lu.se)
  • Regulation of paracellular permeability has two main functions. (plos.org)
  • Dynamic changes in airway epithelial paracellular permeability allow for receptor-ligand access across the airway epithelium, and thereby regulate cell signaling [11] . (plos.org)
  • Cornell and her project team - a collaboration with Peter Tieleman and graduate student Mohsen Ramezanpour at the University of Calgary and Jaeyong Lee and Svetla Taneva, research associates at SFU - thought the answer must have to do with the enzyme's dynamic changes in shape when it binds to a membrane. (asbmb.org)
  • Cell-free reconstitution of vacuole membrane fragmentation reveals regulation of vacuole size and number by TORC1. (unil.ch)
  • Hence, recapitulating the islet ECM in both isolated islets and stem-cell-derived β-cells is of high therapeutic value. (nature.com)
  • In vitro tissue engineering of smooth muscle sheets with peristalsis using a murine induced pluripotent stem cell line. (otago.ac.nz)
  • The expression of Prx1 has been used as a marker to define the skeletal stem cells (SSCs) populations found within the bone marrow and periosteum that contribute to bone regeneration. (researchgate.net)
  • This review provides a brief history of mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) and provides an updated view of the many stem/progenitor cell populations contributing to fracture repair. (researchgate.net)
  • Endothelial cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-ECs) have shown promise in restoring function in various preclinical animal models. (bvsalud.org)
  • These helices are formed from uncharged residues that are buried in the membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thus, alongside ECs, pericytes are a significant source of the islet BM, which is essential for proper β-cell function. (nature.com)
  • Their presence in several species, their conductance properties, kinetics, regulation and inhibition characteristics will be established, and their function defined. (europa.eu)
  • Precisely how the changes in cellular structure due to storage translates into adverse effects on cell function remains enigmatic. (medscape.com)
  • We found that IRIS-1 expressing cells displayed significantly higher expression levels of Urocortin 3 and Pdx 1 (markers of mature β cells, which loss marks the beginning of β cells dedifferentiation), suggesting that IRIS-1 may be required for maintaining β cells identity and function. (lu.se)