Although the pupillary response, in which the pupil dilates or constricts due to light is not usually called a "reflex", it is still usually considered a part of this topic. (wikipedia.org)
An abnormal pupillary light reflex (PLR) is commonly detected in patients with glaucoma, and these differences can be used to distinguish glaucomatous eyes from unaffected eyes, according to the findings of a meta-analysis and literature review. (medscape.com)
A problem with studies of the pupil that use a single light source is that the pupillary system has a very strong gain control that changes the size of the pupil response depending on the recent history of stimulus presentations to the eye. (medscape.com)
Cite this: Glaucoma: Pupillary Light Reflex Tests Have Limited Value - Medscape - Jul 12, 2013. (medscape.com)
Our aim was to evaluate the effects of aripiprazole and olanzapine on pupillary light reflex related to pharmacogenetics. (nih.gov)
The visual (retino-thalamocortical) pathway and pupillary light reflex pathway are the two essential ways through which the eye perceives and responds to changes in the environment. (statpearls.com)
The pupillary sphincter and dilator muscles are the two involuntary iris muscles that are required to control the amount of light traveling to the retina. (statpearls.com)
This is a schematic diagram of the pupillary light reflex. (blogspot.com)
The neurons of the Edinger-Westphal subnucleus initiate the efferent limb of the pupillary light reflex, that is, pupilloconstriction. (blogspot.com)
Furthermore, the relationship between the individual differences in nocturnal melatonin suppression induced by lighting and the individual differences of pupillary light response (PLR) was examined. (elsevierpure.com)
Aim: To clarify whether quantitative assessment of pupillary light reflexes (PLR) can predict the outcome of post-cardiac arrest (CA) patients during the first 72 h after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). (elsevierpure.com)
Quantitative pupillary light reflex (PLR) measurement provides objective data promisingly able to predict ICP elevation. (ejournals.ca)
This process is called pupillary light reflex, an involuntary action controlled by the brain. (medicalnewstoday.com)
They tested their pupillary reflex, which controls the diameter of the pupil in response to light. (nih.gov)
SOBEREYE's impairment detection technology measures alterations of the Pupillary Light Reflex. (nsc.org)
Animals that showed clinical eye lesions were further examined using pen light to assess the entire globe and the pupillary reflex. (hindawi.com)
Serologic tests for syphilis should be considered in the evaluation of patients with bilateral pupillary light-near dissociation with miosis. (aao.org)
Participants were then exposed to bright or dark shapes against a grey background, which predictably evoked pupillary constriction in response to bright shapes (comparable to looking up at a bright sky) and pupillary dilation in response to dark shapes (after switching a light off). (edu.au)
The pupillary reflex is an adaption that optimises the amount of light hitting the retina," says Professor Joel Pearson, senior author of the paper. (edu.au)
This year the bursary was awarded to Simone Bonavia for her research on the effect of spatial distribution of light on pupillary light reflex (PLR). (cibse.org)
Pupil7
In an eye with retinoblastoma, the pupil often appears white or pink instead, which is known as a white pupillary reflex (or leukocoria). (cancer.org)
The iris also shrinks the pupil whenever the eye focuses on a nearby object as part of the accommodation reflex. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The first sign is typically a visible whiteness in the pupil called "cat's eye reflex" or leukocoria, which is particularly noticeable in photographs taken with a flash. (nih.gov)
The treated mice with restored pupil reflexes were significantly more likely to seek out and spend time in dark spaces than either untreated controls or treated mice without pupil constriction. (nih.gov)
However, children who improve when they have a fever have pupilreflex measurements when they are well that are more similar to those of controls. (sfari.org)
2022) e-Pupil: IoT-based Augmentative and Alternative Communication device exploiting the pupillary near-reflex . (polito.it)
To first gauge the pupillary reflex of non-aphantasic people, the researchers sought 42 study participants, self-reported as having a visual imagination, and fitted them with glasses to track their eye movements and pupil sizes. (edu.au)
Afferent3
In the 30 studies included in the systematic review, a relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) was found in between 9% and 82% of patients with glaucoma. (medscape.com)
Each pretectal olivary nucleus distributes the afferent pupillary impulses to the ipsilateral and contralateral Edinger-Westphal subnucleus of the oculomotor nuclear complex. (blogspot.com)
No afferent pupillary defect, internuclear ophthalmoplegia, or nystagmus is noted. (medscape.com)
Constriction4
If miosis (pupillary constriction) is due to direct conjunctival vapor exposure, it is relatively unresponsive to parenteral atropine. (cdc.gov)
Parenteral atropine is not generally recommended for those whose sole manifestation of toxicity is miosis (pupillary constriction). (cdc.gov)
0.001) and pupillary maximum constriction velocity (F 2,61.41 = 3.50, 1-tailed P = 0.038) echoed these effects. (lww.com)
Exposing participants to bright and dark shapes, the researchers found that aphantasic individuals exhibited the same pupillary response as the general population: constriction to bright, dilation to dark. (edu.au)
Pathway2
Multiple relays of information processing efficiently proceed from the cornea to the brain, and any lesion in the visual or the pupillary reflex pathway may result in visual pathology. (statpearls.com)
Such responses occur when the lesion spares the more ventrally located fibers of the near reflex pathway. (aao.org)
Accommodation reflex1
The accommodation reflex occurs when the ciliary muscle contraction leads to the relaxation of the zonular fibers attached to the lens. (statpearls.com)
Neurologic examination revealed the patient to be comatose with depressed extraocular movements, left pupillary diameter larger than the right, diffuse left-sided spasticity, decreased corneal reflexes, poor caloric responses, and poor doll's-eye reflex. (cdc.gov)
Retinal2
Pupillary information is conveyed from the eye to the brain by the melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells, and their axons project to the dorsal midbrain, synapsing in the pretectal olivary nucleus. (blogspot.com)
The researchers transplanted the cells into mice with retinal degeneration and then tested their pupillary reflexes, which is a measure of photoreceptor function after transplantation. (nih.gov)
Nerves1
This is a particularly interesting hypothesis given that the pupillometry results could potentially be explained by decreased myelination of nerves controlling this reflex, and suggesting that demyelination should be investigated as a potential source of symptoms. (sfari.org)
Menace1
Blindness was assessed using menace blink reflex, palpebral reflex and obstacle methods. (hindawi.com)
Responses1
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES Background The autonomic nervous system (ANS) innervates every organ and regulates a vast array of functions, such as blood flow and pressure, body temperature, stress responses, and control for reflex responses via sensory messages from the skin and internal organs to the brain. (nih.gov)
Direct1
Distortion of the retinoscopy and direct ophthalmoscope red pupillary reflex may allow observation of "scissoring" or an inferior distortion termed the oil drop sign. (medscape.com)
Response3
The researchers found that even in response to imagined bright and dark shapes, the participants' pupils still constricted and dilated appropriately, a pupillary response that was larger in those reporting greater imagery vividness. (edu.au)
Finally, with the link between visual imagery and pupillary response established, the researchers sought to test the effect in aphantasic individuals. (edu.au)
However, during the study's second component where participants were asked to visualise those same shapes, the pupillary response of aphantasic individuals did not significantly differ in response to imagined dark versus imagined bright objects. (edu.au)
Examination1
The American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend routine, age-appropriate red reflex testing, examination for signs of strabismus, and vision chart testing. (aafp.org)
Patients1
RÉSUMÉ Nous avons évalué les causes des déficiences visuelles et de la cécité chez 694 patients diabétiques ayant consulté dans notre centre des soins oculaires à Sanaa (Yémen) entre 2001 et 2005 en examinant leur dossier médical. (who.int)
Effect1
Among these results, an effect on pupillary reflexes prompted further study. (sfari.org)
Function1
Pupillary reflex refers to one of the reflexes associated with pupillary function. (wikipedia.org)
Measures1
This prompted much discussion on whether parametric measures such as pupillary reflexes can be used as a biomarker for autism and can provide clues about the neural underpinnings. (sfari.org)
Include1
SCI can result in secondary complications that include potentially life-threatening conditions such as autonomic dysreflexia with increased blood pressure, sweating, and other elevated autonomic reflexes. (nih.gov)