Reduction mortality. Medical search. Frequent questions

The number of child deaths in the Eastern Mediterranean Region has dropped to less than 1 million for the first time ever, according to estimates for 2011 recently released by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. (who.int)
WHO is part of the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation, which also includes UNICEF, the World Bank and United Nations Population Division. (who.int)
The UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation was established in 2004 to advance the work on monitoring progress towards achievement of MDG 4. (who.int)
New estimates in Levels and Trends in Child Mortality 2014 show that in 2013, globally, 6.3 million children under five years of age died from mostly preventable causes. (thehindu.com)
Fifty-six per cent of under-five child mortality in India is from neonatal mortality. (thehindu.com)
The reason: the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targeted only under-five mortality reduction and as a result the reduction in child mortality more than doubled in the last ten years compared with previous decades. (thehindu.com)
Less extreme poverty, reductions in child mortality, and other promising trends. (vox.com)
Child mortality has plummeted from 1990 to 2017. (vox.com)

Infant Mortality Reduction Plan for Minnesota This baseline report is part one of Minnesota's infant mortality reduction plan. (redehost.net)

In addition, we use estimates of "willingness to pay" (WTP) for reductions in health risks to value the reductions observed in COVID-19 outcomes. (hhs.gov)
COLUMBUS, Ohio - New research suggests a unique program called Moms2B at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center shows a reduction in adverse pregnancy outcomes in communities disproportionately affected by these public health issues. (redehost.net)
The observation phase aimed to identify barriers and facilitators for HIV-related CNS infection care delivery and included documentation of existing practices and procedures and recording 2-week and 10-week mortality outcomes. (columbia.edu)
The outcomes were all-cause, ischaemic heart disease and lung cancer mortality. (bmj.com)
A policy designed to reduce hospital readmissions through financial penalties was associated with a significant increase in post-discharge mortality for patients with heart failure and pneumonia, according to a large-scale study by researchers in Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center's (BIDMC) Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology. (nohealthproblemsnews.com)
Even though 30-day post-discharge mortality was increasing among patients hospitalized for heart failure in the years before HRRP was established, we found that the rise accelerated after the policy was implemented," said co-corresponding author Changyu Shen, Ph.D., Senior Biostatistician in the Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology at BIDMC and Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School. (nohealthproblemsnews.com)
Guidelines exist for the surgical treatment of hip fracture, but the effect of early surgery on mortality and other outcomes that are important for patients remains unclear. (cmaj.ca)
These organizations consider breastfeeding a public health imperative with many short- and long-term improved health outcomes for both mother and child, including significant reductions in all-cause infant mortality and specific protection against sudden infant death syndrome and necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants. (guardian.ng)

By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality rate to less than 70 deaths per 100,000 live births. (bvsalud.org)

Title : Role Of Preventive Medicine In Reduction Of Infant And Perinatal Mortality Personal Author(s) : Nesbitt, R. E.;Schlesinger, E. R.;Shapiro, S. (cdc.gov)
The booklet first considers the causes of neonatal and perinatal mortality and the main factors involved. (who.int)

The evaluation found a 30% reduction in the population-based maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in Uganda during Year 1, from 452 to 316 per 100,000 live births. (biomedcentral.com)
The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in SSA is estimated to have declined by 49% since 1990, however, at 510 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births, remains the highest regional maternal mortality of the world. (biomedcentral.com)
The national infant mortality rate is 6.1 deaths out of every 1,000 live births, but that figure varies for different populations and areas. (redehost.net)
Neonatal mortality rate was 37 per 1,000 live births in 2003 and by 2009 it dropped to 34. (thehindu.com)
The overall pregnancy-related mortality ratio was 9.2 deaths per 100,000 live births. (cdc.gov)
The Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives for the United States listed maternal mortality as a priority area for improvement, including specific goals of no more than 3.3 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births overall, and no more than 5.0 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births among black women (1). (cdc.gov)
The pregnancy-related mortality ratios (i.e., pregnancy-related deaths per 100,000 live births) for black women are more than three times higher than for white women (3). (cdc.gov)

Maternal care for the reduction of perinatal and neonatal mortality : a joint WHO/UNICEF statement. (who.int)
The next section provides a listing and brief description of interventions that use the principles of primary health care to reduce perinatal and neonatal mortality. (who.int)
Neonatal mortality had remained stable [in India] for a long time," said Dr. Ajay Khera, Deputy Commissioner and Public Health Expert, Child Health Programme, Ministry of Health and Family Affairs, India. (thehindu.com)
There was a global stagnation in neonatal mortality for a long period and India's stable condition was a reflection of the global trend. (thehindu.com)
India has shown significant reduction in neonatal mortality in the last two years. (thehindu.com)
In 2010 the [neonatal mortality] rate was 33, in 2011 it was 31 and in 2012 it dropped two points to 29. (thehindu.com)
The first of the four major interventions to reduce neonatal mortality has been the promotion of institutional deliveries by providing conditional cash transfer to pregnant women. (thehindu.com)

New analysis using data from the Registry and the Central Statistics Office finds that the rate of breast cancer mortality in women eligible for the Irish breast screening programme (BreastCheck) was approximately 9% lower in areas where screening started earlier compared with those areas where screening was rolled out at a later stage. (ncri.ie)
Breast cancer mortality rates continue to decline in many nations, but a review of mortality trends in 47 countries around the world indicates some significant disparities, particularly in South Korea and some Latin American nations, according to results presented at the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium , held Dec. 6-10. (fomatmedical.com)
Comparing mortality trends between countries helps identify which health care systems have been the most efficient at reducing breast cancer mortality. (fomatmedical.com)
Overall, breast cancer mortality declined in 39 out of 47 countries, including the United States and most developed European nations. (fomatmedical.com)
South Korea had the most dramatic increase in breast cancer mortality , with an 83 percent increase overall and higher mortality increase in every age group. (fomatmedical.com)
However, the breast cancer mortality rate is still lower than the rate in the United States (5.3 per 100,000 women in South Korea compared with 14 per 100,000 women in the United States in the 2011-2013 period). (fomatmedical.com)
This finding underlines the difficulty of isolating a single, common factor that would have a major influence on mortality trends ," Pizot said, adding that future research on breast cancer mortality should focus on other facets of breast cancer management, including risk factors, drug therapies, access to care, and the use of multidisciplinary teams. (fomatmedical.com)

In this study, Pizot and colleagues extracted information on breast cancer deaths from the World Health Organization database and calculated mortality rates over the years 1987-2013, stratifying results according to age groups. (fomatmedical.com)

The under-5 mortality rate is a leading indicator of the level of child health and overall development in countries, and one of the indicators for monitoring progress towards achievement of Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 4. (who.int)
In six countries in the Region, the decrease is greater than MDG 4's target of reducing by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-5 mortality rate. (who.int)
Gabbe and her team are working with partners across the country to expand the success of Moms2B to more cities and neighborhoods to help improve the health of at-risk moms and babies and lower the national infant mortality rate. (redehost.net)
In the south-centre, both IMR and under-5 mortality rate consistently show a major increase in mortality over the 10 years preceding the survey (which roughly corresponds to the period following the Gulf conflict). (redehost.net)
Its review said: "The high rate of infant mortality raised serious questions about mother and baby homes: the large size, unqualified staff and inadequate staffing, poor management, and the limitations on the local and national authorities' willingness and capacity to implement reforms. (redehost.net)
When we started the program 10 years ago, the infant mortality rate was as high as 19 per 1,000 births in some of these neighborhoods. (redehost.net)
A estimates by weighting each discharge on the basis of hos- recent nationwide study noted that prior studies may have pital location, teaching status, bed number, and ownership overestimated a temporal reduction in mortality rate ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
The mortality rate due to vaccine-preventable diseases. (who.int)
In the United States, the mortality rate declined by 42 percent, from 22 deaths per 100,000 women in 1987-1989 to 14 deaths per 100,000 women in 2011-2013. (fomatmedical.com)
Therefore, the CHD mortality rate has dropped significantly, compared with the previous year. (medscape.com)
Findings The all-cause mortality rate was 30% higher among quitters less than 1 year ago compared with never smokers (adjusted HR=1.30, 95% CI 1.18-1.43 in men and HR=1.31, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.50 in women). (bmj.com)
Cannabis is definitely great in reducing the mortality rate, especially in those with suicidal ideation, but chronic use puts most in a perpetual cycle of delaying long-term help. (norml.org)
Among elderly patients, hip fracture is associated with a one-year mortality rate ranging from 14% to 36% 1 and also with profound temporary and sometimes permanent impairment of independence and quality of life. (cmaj.ca)
CONCLUSION: Between 1995 and 2006, the risk-standardized hospital mortality rate for Medicare patients discharged with AMI showed a significant decrease, as did between-hospital variation. (wustl.edu)
Unless that changes, the rate of poverty reduction could go down. (vox.com)
The global under-five mortality rate fell from 93 per 1,000 to 39 to 1,000, meaning it fell by over 58 percent. (vox.com)
In 2015, the under-five mortality rate fell from 42 to 39 worldwide, and overall deaths fell from 5.8 million to 5.4 million. (vox.com)
If the mortality rate of 2015 had persisted, over 400,000 more kids would have died in 2017. (vox.com)

The SMGL model aims for rapidly achievable, measurable, sustainable reductions in maternal and newborn mortality and Prevention of Maternal to Child Transmission of HIV. (biomedcentral.com)

Whether the HRRP is responsible for this increase in mortality requires further research, but if it is, our data suggest that the policy may have resulted in an additional 10,000 deaths among patients with heart failure and pneumonia during the five-year period after the HRRP announcement," said Shen. (nohealthproblemsnews.com)

Fiber and fruit intakes are associated with a reduction in total mortality. (greenmedinfo.com)
Background Smoking contributes to socioeconomic inequalities in mortality, but the extent to which this contribution has changed over time and driven widening or narrowing inequalities in total mortality remains unknown. (bmj.com)
We studied socioeconomic inequalities in smoking-attributable mortality and their contribution to inequalities in total mortality in 1990-1994 and 2000-2004 in 14 European countries. (bmj.com)
Since 1990-1994, absolute inequalities in smoking-attributable mortality and the contribution of smoking to inequalities in total mortality have decreased in most countries among men, but increased among women. (bmj.com)

Reduction in hospital mortality over time in a hospital without a pediatric medical emergency team: limitations of before-and-after study designs. (ahrq.gov)
This study found a reduction in hospital mortality without a pediatric medical emergency team (PMET). (ahrq.gov)

Maternal mortality ratios fell significantly in one year in Uganda and Zambia following the introduction of the SMGL model. (biomedcentral.com)
In multivariable-adjusted models, the hazard ratios for mortality were 1.14 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99, 1.32) among increasers, 0.85 (95% CI: 0.77, 0.95) among reducers, and 0.78 (95% CI: 0.69, 0.89) among quitters, compared with maintainers. (tau.ac.il)
The disparity between pregnancy-related mortality ratios for black women and white women increased from 3.4 times greater in 1987 to 4.1 times greater in 1990. (cdc.gov)
Interpretation: Pregnancy-related mortality ratios for black women continued, as noted in previously published surveillance reports, to be three to four times higher than those for white women. (cdc.gov)

After the multimodal intervention, there was a statistically significant decrease in the incidence rates of nosocomial infections and the risk reduction for ventilator-associated pneumonia. (nih.gov)
In order to show a statistically significant mortality reduction from 40% to 37% with 80% power, 4200 patients would have to be enrolled in EACH GROUP. (pulmccm.org)

Therefore, the researchers were able to estimate lung cancer mortality trends for these specific lung cancer subtypes by linking the lung cancer death records for each patient back to the incidence data for these patients in the SEER cancer database. (nih.gov)
The researchers note that the accelerating decline in NSCLC mortality that began in 2013 corresponds with the time when clinicians began routinely testing patients for genetic alterations targeted by newly approved drugs. (nih.gov)
Effect of a pediatric early warning system on all-cause mortality in hospitalized pediatric patients. (ahrq.gov)
Conclusions: The transition to the 2000 European Society of Cardiology and American College of Cardiology guidelines was associated with a reduction in the sex-based mortality difference in patients with acute coronary syndrome despite the fact that an early invasive strategy and secondary prevention continued to be underutilized in female patients in both periods. (bgu.ac.il)
The authors of this RCT sought to determine the effect of external cooling of febrile septic patients on vasopressor requirements and mortality. (pulmccm.org)
The study was designed with a power of 80% to detect a reduction in mortality from 30% to 19.5% by enrolling 525 patients. (pulmccm.org)
The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) was established in 2010 as part of the Affordable Care Act and required that, beginning in 2012, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) impose financial penalties on hospitals with higher-than-expected 30-day readmission rates for patients initially hospitalized for three conditions: heart failure, acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) and pneumonia. (nohealthproblemsnews.com)
The research team evaluated trends in mortality among Medicare patients who were hospitalized for heart failure, a heart attack or pneumonia before the establishment of HRRP and then determined whether there was a significant change in mortality after the HRRP was announced in 2010 and then again after the policy was implemented in 2012. (nohealthproblemsnews.com)
The team also found mortality rates among patients with pneumonia were actually stable prior to HRRP, but then began increasing after the HRRP. (nohealthproblemsnews.com)
The use of cannabis is associated with lower mortality risk in patients with schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders, according to a forthcoming study to be published in the Journal of Psychiatric Research . (norml.org)
These studies had a total of 13 478 patients for whom mortality data were complete (1764 total deaths). (cmaj.ca)
Based on the five studies that reported adjusted risk of death (4208 patients, 721 deaths), irrespective of the cut-off for delay (24, 48 or 72 hours), earlier surgery (i.e., within the cut-off time) was associated with a significant reduction in mortality (relative risk [RR] 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68-0.96, p = 0.01). (cmaj.ca)
More specifically, we addressed the following question: Among patients 60 years of age or older who underwent surgery for hip fracture, what was the effect of early surgery, relative to delayed surgery, on all-cause mortality and postoperative complications? (cmaj.ca)
Studies fulfilling the following criteria were eligible for inclusion: target population consisting of patients 60 years of age or older who underwent surgery for a low-energy hip fracture, evaluation of preoperative surgical delay, consideration of all-cause mortality as an outcome and prospective design. (cmaj.ca)
OBJECTIVE: To estimate hospital-level 30-day risk-standardized mortality rates (RSMRs) for patients discharged with AMI. (wustl.edu)
Patients with heart failure who used coenzyme Q10 had lower mortality and a higher exercise capacity improvement than the placebo. (greenmedinfo.com)

Instead, the rapid decline in deaths reflects both declines in incidence (due in large part to reductions in smoking) and improvement in treatment. (nih.gov)
It established an ambitious target of a 50% decline in the MMR in one year to address the need for accelerated progress to meet the fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG5) of a 75% reduction in MMR by 2015. (biomedcentral.com)
England and Wales had the sharpest drop in mortality, with a 46 percent decline. (fomatmedical.com)

abstract = "Previous studies have not shown a survival advantage for smoking reduction. (tau.ac.il)

Multivariate analysis adjusting for differences in baseline clinical characteristics between men and women and invasive strategy demonstrated that female sex was associated with increased 1-year mortality during the pretransition period (hazard ratio 1.34, 95% confidence interval, 1.24-1.45), but was not a significant factor in the post-transition period (hazard ratio 1.04, 95% confidence interval, 0.94-1.14). (bgu.ac.il)

Thus, the study was done to evaluate the longitudinal effect of intervention of a health policy on mortality due to traffic accidents between men and women and age groups during 2010-2016. (bvsalud.org)

Background: Mortality from acute coronary syndrome has historically been higher in women as compared with men. (bgu.ac.il)
Serious' effects are those that evoke failure in a biological system and can lead to morbidity or mortality (e.g., acute respiratory distress or death). (cdc.gov)
Reduction in acute myocardial infarction mortality in the United States: risk-standardized mortality rates from 1995-2006. (wustl.edu)

Pizot said that the role of breast cancer screening is not clearly apparent in mortality trends. (fomatmedical.com)

According to a new study, mortality rates from the most common lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), have fallen sharply in the United States in recent years, due primarily to recent advances in treatment. (nih.gov)
This analysis shows for the first time that nationwide mortality rates for the most common category of lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, are declining faster than its incidence, an advance that correlates with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval of several targeted therapies for this cancer in recent years. (nih.gov)
The researchers had originally considered the possibility that lung cancer screening might help explain the decreases in NSCLC mortality, but their findings suggest that lung cancer screening rates, which remained low and stable, do not explain the mortality declines. (nih.gov)
The aim of the study was to identify the most important risk factors for nosocomial infections, evaluate the incidence rates and risk changes after the multimodal intervention, and to assess mortality attributable to nosocomial infections. (nih.gov)
Increasing serum 25(OH)D levels is the most cost-effective way to reduce global mortality rates, as the cost of vitamin D is very low and there are few adverse effects from oral intake and/or frequent moderate UVB irradiance with sufficient body surface area exposed. (dssurgery.com)
1 Within the United States, infant mortality rates (IMRs) vary, with southeastern states and rural counties experiencing IMRs 20% to 100% higher than other areas. (redehost.net)
for example, Brazil and Colombia saw mortality rates increase in women of all age groups, while in Argentina and Chile mortality rates decreased in all women. (fomatmedical.com)
Globally, mortality rates declined more for women under 50 than for women over 50. (fomatmedical.com)
It remains to be seen and requires scientific analysis into how this reduced care will have a nationwide effect on mortality rates for cardiovascular disease," said Voigtländer. (medscape.com)
In contrast to CHD and HF, heart rhythm disturbances and heart valve diseases have had increasing mortality rates since 2011. (medscape.com)
Current guidelines 4 indicate that surgery for hip fracture should be performed within 24 hours of injury, as earlier surgery has been associated with better functional outcome, shorter hospital stay, shorter duration of pain and lower rates of nonunion, postoperative complications and mortality. (cmaj.ca)
However, little has been reported about improvements in hospital short-term mortality rates or reductions in between-hospital variation in short-term mortality rates. (wustl.edu)
New data released today (September 16) by the United Nations Organisation show that under-five mortality rates have dropped by 49 per cent between 1990 and 2013. (thehindu.com)
Even if the pace of progress slows down, the reduction in death rates in 2018 could wind up saving 100,000 kids' lives, easily. (vox.com)

Despite the increasing information of RR globally 23 , future heat-related mortality projections attributed to heat stress remain coarsely investigated (e.g. bulk estimates with coarse spatial resolutions of ~30-km in France 24 and are few in quantity 25 . (nature.com)

We examined the effect of a large reduction in the price of alcohol that occurred in Finland in 2004 on alcohol-related and all-cause mortality, and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) from which alcohol-attributable cases were excluded. (nih.gov)
Smoking-attributable mortality was indirectly estimated using the Preston-Glei-Wilmoth method. (bmj.com)
Results In 2000-2004, smoking-attributable mortality was higher in lower socioeconomic groups in all countries among men, and in all countries except Spain, Italy and Slovenia, among women, and the contribution of smoking to socioeconomic inequalities in mortality varied between 19% and 55% among men, and between −1% and 56% among women. (bmj.com)

Suffice it to say that a bet against a therapy for a critical illness where the primary endpoint is mortality reduction is a good bet, especially taking the long view (analogous to the long view in the stock market - 10 years in the future rather than 10 months. (pulmccm.org)

Saving Mothers, Giving Life (SMGL) is a multi-partner initiative designed to reduce maternal mortality rapidly in high mortality settings through community and facility evidence-based interventions and district-wide health systems strengthening that could reduce delays to appropriate obstetric care. (biomedcentral.com)
Saving Mothers, Giving Life (SMGL) is a multi-partner initiative designed to rapidly reduce deaths stemming from pregnancy and childbirth through a comprehensive set of evidence-based interventions in high-mortality, low-resource settings. (biomedcentral.com)
Driving Reduced AIDS-associated Meningoencephalitis Mortality (DREAMM) was a multi-center hybrid type 2 implementation science project with a before-and-after design, which aimed to develop, implement, and evaluate pragmatic implementation interventions and strategies to reduce mortality from HIV-related central nervous system (CNS) infection within routine hospital care in Cameroon, Malawi, and Tanzania. (columbia.edu)
This study provides evidence that locally led health system strengthening in resource-limited settings is feasible and can be utilized to implement clinically proven interventions in routine care to reduce HIV-related mortality. (columbia.edu)
So when we read the title of this or any other study, we should pause to ask: What is my prior belief that external cooling will reduce mortality in septic shock? (pulmccm.org)
Indeed, many therapies that were initially shown to reduce mortality in critical illness failed to do so on subsequent investigation, such as intensive insulin therapy, steroids for septic shock, drotrecogin-alfa for severe sepsis, to name just a few prominent examples. (pulmccm.org)
These results suggest that reducing delays may reduce mortality and complications. (cmaj.ca)
Together with existing literature, our data suggest that breastfeeding promotion and support may be an effective strategy to help reduce infant mortality in the US. (guardian.ng)
Walking (18 results from 14 studies) and cycling (8 results from 7 studies) were shown to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality, adjusted for other PA. (efsma.org)
Conclusion Sodium reduction, previously shown to lower blood pressure, may also reduce long term risk of cardiovascular events. (bmj.com)

Conclusions The mortality among quitters was close to that of never smokers, except for a higher mortality for lung cancer, which on the other hand was much lower than the lung cancer mortality in current smokers. (bmj.com)
Conclusions In many European countries, smoking has become less important as a determinant of socioeconomic inequalities in mortality among men, but not among women. (bmj.com)

Time series intervention analysis modelling was applied to the monthly aggregations of deaths in Finland for the period 1996-2006 to assess the impact of the reduction in alcohol prices. (nih.gov)
The primary outcome was the comparison of 2-week all-cause mortality among adults living with HIV presenting with suspected CNS infection before and after implementation of the intervention. (columbia.edu)
Intervention Dietary sodium reduction, including comprehensive education and counselling on reducing intake, for 18 months (TOHP I) or 36-48 months (TOHP II). (bmj.com)
Results 744 participants in TOHP I and 2382 in TOHP II were randomised to a sodium reduction intervention or control. (bmj.com)
Net sodium reductions in the intervention groups were 44 mmol/24 h and 33 mmol/24 h, respectively. (bmj.com)

This ASPE Research Report models the estimated reductions in COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths associated with COVID-19 vaccination from December 2020 through July 2021. (hhs.gov)
This research report uses a regression model to estimate the reductions in COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths associated with COVID-19 vaccination across counties in the United States from December 2020 to July 2021. (hhs.gov)

The survival benefit associated with smoking reduction was mostly evident among heavy smokers and for cardiovascular disease mortality. (tau.ac.il)
These results suggest that decreasing smoking intensity should be considered as a risk-reduction strategy for heavy smokers who cannot quit abruptly. (tau.ac.il)
In September 2002, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) launched the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) to compare the effects of two screening procedures, low-dose helical CT and chest x-ray, in reducing lung cancer mortality in current and former heavy smokers aged 55 to 74. (cdc.gov)

To further understand and evaluate the risk factors for and leading causes of pregnancy-related death, the National Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System was initiated in 1988 by CDC's Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, in collaboration with the CDC/American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) Maternal Mortality Study Group (8). (cdc.gov)

Methods We collected, harmonised and standardised population-wide data on all-cause and lung-cancer mortality by age, gender, educational and occupational level in 14 European populations in 1990-1994 and 2000-2004. (bmj.com)

Quitters who had smoked longer than 20 years had 23% higher mortality in men (HR=1.23, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.34) and 32% higher mortality in women (HR=1.32, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.49). (bmj.com)

Aircraft can hold large numbers of persons in close proximity model to estimate the reduction in aerosol concentration as for long periods, which can increase the risk for transmission distance from a source increased. (cdc.gov)

Differences in health care systems and patient management could explain discrepancies in mortality reduction between similar countries, " Pizot said. (fomatmedical.com)
In the distal colon, there was a reduction of more than 60% in stage IV cancer incidence and mortality, but in the proximal colon, there were no significant differences in stage IV incidence or mortality, he said. (medscape.com)
Actions Taken: Continued surveillance and additional studies should be conducted to assess the magnitude of pregnancy-related mortality, to identify those differences that contribute to the continuing race-specific disparity in pregnancy-related mortality, and to provide information that policy makers can use to develop effective strategies to prevent pregnancy-related mortality for all women. (cdc.gov)

The objective of this study was to evaluate traffic accident mortality in the city of São Paulo, before and after the reduction of the average speed of motor vehicles. (bvsalud.org)
In this study, future changes in heat-related mortality of elderly citizens were estimated while considering the combined effects of spatially-varying megacity's population growth, urbanization, and climate change. (nature.com)
Full text of the study, "Alcohol and cannabis use and mortality in people with schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders," will appear in the Journal of Psychiatric Research. (norml.org)
Extracted data included study population and location, sample size, population characteristics (age and sex), follow-up in years, walking or cycling exposure, mortality outcome, and adjustment for other co-variables. (efsma.org)
Description of System: The National Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System was initiated in 1988 by CDC in collaboration with the CDC/American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Maternal Mortality Study Group. (cdc.gov)

Results: The fetal/infant mortality risk of expectant management is greater than the risk of infant death at 39 weeks' gestation in women 35 years old or older (15.2 vs 10.9 of 10,000, P (redehost.net)
She co-edited the National Academies book, "Valuing Health for Regulatory Cost-Effectiveness Analysis," led the creation of guidelines for benefit-cost analysis of U.S. Department of Health and Human Services regulations and of global health interventions, and developed approaches for estimating the value of mortality risk reductions (the value per statistical life, VSL) for several government agencies and other organizations. (harvard.edu)
Valuing COVID-19 Morbidity Risk Reductions. (harvard.edu)
Valuing Mortality Risk Reductions in Global Benefit-Cost Analysis. (harvard.edu)
Urban dwellers are at risk of heat-related mortality in the onset of climate change. (nature.com)
Under certain temperatures, heat-related mortality relative risk ( RR ), defined by the ratio of incidence of dying with or without exposure to extreme temperatures, was found to be a function of temperature. (nature.com)
Authors speculated that the association between marijuana use and decreased mortality risk may be because "cannabis users may (be) higher functioning" and because "cannabis itself may have some health benefits. (norml.org)
To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies to examine the risk of mortality with cannabis and alcohol in people with PD (psychotic disorders). (norml.org)
This interesting finding of decreased mortality risk … in cannabis users is a novel finding and one that will need replication in larger epidemiological studies. (norml.org)
Although regional and state variation in the magnitude of the association between breastfeeding and infant mortality exists, there was a remarkable consistency of reduced risk. (guardian.ng)
Walking and cycling have shown beneficial effects on population risk of all-cause mortality (ACM). (efsma.org)
For a standardised dose of 11.25 MET.hours per week (or 675 MET.minutes per week), the reduction in risk for ACM was 11% (95% CI = 4 to 17%) for walking and 10% (95% CI = 6 to 13%) for cycling. (efsma.org)
Higher consumption of fruit and vegetables is associated with a lower risk of all cause mortality, particularly cardiovascular mortality. (greenmedinfo.com)
The pregnancy-related mortality ratio for black women was consistently higher than for white women for every risk factor examined by race. (cdc.gov)
The risk factors evaluated in this analysis confirmed the disparity in pregnancy-related mortality between white women and black women, but the reason(s) for this difference could not be determined from the available information. (cdc.gov)

Mortality reductions are not the only benefits of earlier detection and treatment. (ncri.ie)
Studies include health facility assessments, pregnancy outcome monitoring, enhanced maternal mortality detection in facilities, and population-based investigation of community maternal deaths. (biomedcentral.com)
The primary scientific goal of the NLST was to determine whether three annual screenings with low-dose helical CT would lead to earlier detection and reduced mortality from lung cancer relative to screening with CXR. (cdc.gov)

In contrast, data on the effect of dietary sodium intake on subsequent morbidity and mortality are limited and inconclusive. (bmj.com)

Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and the leading cause of cancer mortality 1 . (nature.com)

All-cause mortality was found to be significantly lower during the implementation phase compared to the observation phase at 2 weeks follow-up. (columbia.edu)

The reduced mortality from SCLC over time, therefore, primarily reflects declines in incidence - again, due largely to reduced smoking. (nih.gov)
Previous studies conducted in the United Kingdom and Italy have demonstrated a reduction in distal CRC incidence and mortality with FSG screening, but no significant effect in the proximal colon. (medscape.com)

The measures of mortality were used for the construction of temporal series by the regression model of Prais-Winsten. (bvsalud.org)

The screening effects are not immediate like those of vaccines, so the 9% reduction that was observed is an underestimate of what the long term reduction will be. (ncri.ie)
The estimated 9% reduction in mortality that was computed is an average over the 70% or so of women who take up the invitation to participate in screening and the 30% who do not. (ncri.ie)
while those that don't participate in screening will have no reduction. (ncri.ie)
Even if the resources being expended each year on screening ultimately result in mortality reductions of 20% to 25%, these and other benefits must also be balanced against the cost of overdiagnosis. (ncri.ie)

A 23% exposure reduction was observed dispersion behavior were not measured. (cdc.gov)

Little research to date, however, has quantified the effects of these treatments on the ecosystem, especially delayed and latent tree mortality resulting directly or indirectly from treatments. (usgs.gov)

Eligible studies were prospective cohort design and reporting walking or cycling exposure and mortality as an outcome. (efsma.org)

Several ecological studies support a direct association between higher sodium intake or urinary sodium excretion and mortality from stroke. (bmj.com)

A special bulletin on 'Maternal Mortality in India 2014-16' by Sample Registration System (SRS) noted that the MMR in India fell to 130 in 2014-16 from 167 in 2011-13 with three states - Kerala (46), Maharashtra (61) and Tamil Nadu (66) - already achieving the SDG target. (glamworld.in)

The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined maternal mortality as "the death of a woman during pregnancy or up to 42 days after the end of pregnancy, irrespective of the length or location of pregnancy, due to any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or measures in relation to it, but not due to accidental or incidental causes. (bvsalud.org)
Maternal mortality is a challenge for global public health services, which is why it was included as part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), as a way of mobilizing the world to combat the death of women from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth. (bvsalud.org)
A reduction in pregnancy-related deaths continues to be a primary public health objective (1,7). (cdc.gov)

The work undertaken under this strategic objective aims at ensuring health security by achieving a sustainable reduction in the health, social and economic burden of communicable diseases. (who.int)
Objective To examine the effects of reduction in dietary sodium intake on cardiovascular events using data from two completed randomised trials, TOHP I and TOHP II. (bmj.com)

But as the authors point out, policy makers and physicians have recently raised concerns that the HRRP may have also had unintended consequences that adversely affected patient care, potentially leading to increased mortality. (nohealthproblemsnews.com)
Some policy makers have declared the HRRP a success because they believe that reductions in readmissions solely reflect improvements in quality of care," said Wadhera, who is also a Clinical Fellow in Medicine at Harvard Medical School. (nohealthproblemsnews.com)

Ware noted that the findings suggest there is an opportunity for breastfeeding promotion, protection, and support to be included as a key component in comprehensive infant mortality reduction initiatives in regions and states across the US. (guardian.ng)

Diseases51

Chemicals and Drugs7

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment90

Psychiatry and Psychology4

Phenomena and Processes20

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena15

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Humanities1

Information Science25

Named Groups7

Health Care112

Geographicals34

Child mortality8

Infant Mortality Reduction Plan1

Outcomes8

Maternal Mort1

Perinatal Mortality2

Live births7

Neonatal mortality7

Breast cancer mortality7

Calculated mortality rates1

Rate18

Newborn mortality1

Increase in mortality1

Total mortality4

Hospital mortality2

Ratios4

Statistically significant2

Patients16

Decline3

Abstract1

Confidence interval1

20161

Acute3

Trends1

Rates14

Globally1

Attributable3

Endpoint1

Reduce10

Conclusions2

Intervention5

20202

Smokers3

Prevention1

19901

1.141

Estimate1

Differences3

Study5

Risk15

Detection3

Contrast1

Lung1

Significantly1

Incidence2

Temporal1

Screening4

Behavior1

Indirectly1

Outcome1

Higher1

India1

Pregnancy3

OBJECTIVE2

Policy makers2

Findings suggest1