• 1971). Following this discovery, five other strains of GaLV was identified from animals whose associated neoplastic syndromes were exclusively recorded in captive gibbon populations, which include: GaLV-SF: identified from a gibbon lymphosarcoma in San Francisco and within captured gibbons populations at the University of California San Francisco Medical Center and the University of California. (wikipedia.org)
  • Virologist initially suggested that GaLV was related to murine leukaemia virus (MLV) detected in Southeast Asian rodents. (wikipedia.org)
  • We assessed the ability of two distinct RRVs generated from amphotropic murine leukemia virus (AMLV) and gibbon ape leukemia virus (GALV), which infect cells via type-III sodium-dependent phosphate transporters, PiT-2 and PiT-1, respectively, to infect human gastric cancer (GC) cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mutant line R3-2 exhibited a nearly 1000-fold resistance to infection by genetically marked Moloney murine leukemia virus genomes, and was resistant to pseudotyped viruses utilizing the ecotropic envelope, the amphotropic envelope, or even the VSV G envelope protein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • murine leukemia virus in clinical trials. (what-when-how.com)
  • Diminished potential for B-lymphoid differentiation after murine leukemia virus infection in vivo and in EML hematopoietic progenitor cells. (harvard.edu)
  • Cases of malignant lymphomas and leukemias were not described in gibbons until the 1960s, when several cases of haematopoietic neoplasia were reported in a single colony of white-handed gibbons housed at the SEATO research facility in Bangkok, Thailand. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hence, in our initial attempts to develop cell lines from patients with T -cell neoplasias, we chose clinical subpopulations which represent a more mature form of disease, namely, the cutaneous T -cell lymphomas and leukemias and E-rosette positive T -cell ALL (Gupta and Good 1980). (science-connections.com)
  • However, in 2016 the Mammal Review published "Is gibbon ape leukaemia virus still a threat? (wikipedia.org)
  • We analyzed here, the transduction efficiency of a pDC cell line, GEN2.2, and of pDC derived from CD34+ progenitors, using lentiviral vectors (LV) pseudotyped with different envelope glycoproteins such as the vesicular stomatitis virus envelope (VSVG), the gibbon ape leukaemia virus envelope (GaLV) or the feline endogenous virus envelope (RD114). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gibbon-ape leukemia virus (GaLV) is an oncogenic, type C retrovirus that has been isolated from primate neoplasms, including the white-handed gibbon and woolly monkey. (wikipedia.org)
  • Epidemiological research into the origins of GaLV has developed two hypotheses for the virus' emergence. (wikipedia.org)
  • GaLV is transmitted horizontally by contact with excretory products of infected gibbons. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 1971, phylogenetic analysis of the Leukemia-inducing retrovirus, lead to the identification of GaLV-SEATO, published within De Paoli et al. (wikipedia.org)
  • GALV‐H: identified from a gibbon with lymphocytic leukemias from a colony of free-ranging gibbons at the Hall's Island, Bermuda. (wikipedia.org)
  • GALV‐Br: Identified in frozen brain samples of non-leukemic gibbons at the Gulf South Research Institute in Louisiana. (wikipedia.org)
  • Simian sarcoma (SSV): a defective GALV recombinant, derived from a single isolate of fibrosarcoma in a Woolly Monkey that was exposed to a GALV-infected captive gibbon. (wikipedia.org)
  • The discovery of a contagious oncogenic gammaretrovirus in sub-human primates stimulated a great deal of research into the pathogenesis of GaLV and its origins including the virus' intermediate host, which is currently disputed. (wikipedia.org)
  • MLA 144 are positive for the Gibbon ape leukemia virus (GaLV), a simian retrovirus with a moderate oncogenic risk. (culturecollections.org.uk)
  • RRV encoding a cytosine deaminase prodrug activator gene, which converts the prodrug 5-flucytosine (5-FC) to the active drug 5-fluorouracil, showed that AMLV promoted superior 5-FC-induced cytotoxicity compared with GALV, which correlated with the viral receptor expression level and viral spread. (bvsalud.org)
  • These include cross-species transmission of the retrovirus present within a species of East Asian rodent or bat, and the inoculation or blood transfusion of a MbRV-related virus into captured gibbons populations housed at medical research institutions. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, while the late stages of the retrovirus life cycle, consisting of virus replication and egress, have been partly unraveled, the early steps remain largely enigmatic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The identities of these genes provide insights into the mechanism of virus resistance and will help to define new pathways used during retrovirus infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have been involved in the development of screens and selections for virus resistance genes, and have isolated mutant cell lines after chemical mutagenesis that are profoundly resistant to retrovirus infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A novel retrovirus, human T -celllymphomaleukemia virus (HTLV), has been isolated from the fresh and cultured cells of two of these patients. (science-connections.com)
  • Subsequent characterization of this virus has shown that it is not significantly related to any known animal retrovirus, is not an endogenous (genetically transmitted) virus of man, and so far has been associated only with fresh or cultured T -cells from patients with T -cell neoplasia. (science-connections.com)
  • For viral replication to occur within the host, simian sarcoma-associated virus (SSAV) must also be present. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cells lack the Fc Ig receptor. (culturecollections.org.uk)
  • The protocol involves the transformation of pools of resistant cells by cDNA expression libraries, followed by the selection for rare virus-sensitive cells, using multiple rounds of selection after infection by marked viral vector genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The suppressor genes were then recovered from these virus sensitive cells, and their ability to restore virus susceptibility was confirmed by reintroduction of these cDNAs into the resistant line. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In several instances these leukemias involve T -cells. (science-connections.com)
  • Since several animal RNA tumor viruses (Klein 1980) and cells of the putative human retroviruses isolated to date (Bronson et al. (science-connections.com)
  • Although there are many immunologic and cytochemical differences between mature hu man T- and B-Iymphocytes, human T -cells are primarily distinguished by their participation in cell mediated immunity and possession of receptors for sheep red blood cells. (science-connections.com)
  • The elaboration of immunoglobulins and presence of receptors for EBV are most characteristic of human B-cells. (science-connections.com)
  • The vitamin D metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, has been demonstrated to markedly reduce cellular proliferation especially of malignant cells that have a vitamin D receptor," he writes. (survivingmesothelioma.com)
  • He hypothesized that because WI-38 was free from contaminating viruses, it could replace the then widely used primary monkey kidney cells, which contained several dangerous contaminating viruses. (historyofmedicine.com)
  • CD4 receptor diversity represents an ancient protection mechanism against primate lentiviruses. (cdc.gov)
  • Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 transmission dynamics in rural villages in the democratic republic of the congo with high nonhuman primate exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Species of the genus LENTIVIRUS, subgenus primate immunodeficiency viruses (IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES, PRIMATE), that induces acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in monkeys and apes (SAIDS). (lookformedical.com)
  • The endangered Florida panther ( Puma concolor coryi ) had an outbreak of infection with feline leukemia virus (FeLV) in the early 2000s that resulted in the deaths of 3 animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a common pathogenic infectious disease responsible for high mortality rates for domestic cats, particularly before development of effective vaccines in the 1980s ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Leukemia Virus, Feline" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
  • Several cellular oncogenes confer on FeLV the ability to induce sarcomas (see also SARCOMA VIRUSES, FELINE). (harvard.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Leukemia Virus, Feline" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Leukemia Virus, Feline" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Leukemia Virus, Feline" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
  • Feline Leukemia Virus Frequently Spills Over from Domestic Cats to North American Pumas. (harvard.edu)
  • Epizootiology and management of feline leukemia virus in the Florida puma. (harvard.edu)
  • Genetic characterization of feline leukemia virus from Florida panthers. (harvard.edu)
  • Insertional polymorphisms of endogenous feline leukemia viruses. (harvard.edu)
  • Genomically intact endogenous feline leukemia viruses of recent origin. (harvard.edu)
  • The virus was identified as the etiological agent of hematopoietic neoplasms, leukemias, and immune deficiencies within gibbons in 1971, during the epidemic of the late 1960s and early 1970s. (wikipedia.org)
  • McERV, detected within Mus caroli, and Mus dunni endogenous virus (MDEV) isolated from the earth-coloured mouse (Lieber et al. (wikipedia.org)
  • These include, but are not limited to, (1) preventing hyperacute rejection, (2) preventing acute vascular rejection, (3) facilitating immune accommodation, (4) inducing immune tolerance, (5) preventing the transmission of viruses from xenografts into humans, and (6) addressing the ethical issues surrounding animal sources for xenografts and the appropriate selection of recipients (given that xenotransplantation remains experimental). (medscape.com)
  • The virus was subsequently identified in captive gibbon populations in Thailand, the US and Bermuda. (wikipedia.org)
  • To identify such genes, we have developed methodologies that allow for the selection of rare virus-sensitive clones arising after transfer of gene libraries into populations of virus-resistant parents. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The original FeLV virus outbreak strain is either still circulating or another domestic cat transmission event has occurred with a closely related variant. (cdc.gov)
  • Horizontal transmission of FeLV-B is rare in domestic cats and is believed to require co-transmission with FeLV-A as a helper virus because of its replication-defective nature ( 11 , 12 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Phylogenetic analysis of a region of the FeLV env gene during this outbreak indicated a single circulating FeLV strain, likely following introduction of the virus from a domestic cat ( 24 ). (cdc.gov)
  • We have devised a method for the selection of genes from cDNA libraries that suppress the block to virus infection, and so restore virus susceptibility. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These genes have presumably evolved and been maintained in the genome in response to the pathogenic and lethal consequences of infection, and are now thought to constitute an important part of the host defense against these viruses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1975). Although the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a DNA virus of the herpes group, is implicated in some aspect of Burkitt's lymphoma, a B-cell disease (De- The 1980), the etiology of all the T -cell neoplasias is, as of yet, obscure. (science-connections.com)
  • The envelope consists of an inner layer of lipids and virus specified proteins also called membrane or matrix proteins. (lookformedical.com)
  • Proteins synthesized by HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES such as the HIV-1 and HIV-2 . (lookformedical.com)
  • External envelope protein of the human immunodeficiency virus which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
  • Transmembrane envelope protein of the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
  • These DNAs constitute valuable tools in the characterization of this line's virus resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Indeed, WI-38 became used worldwide for human virus vaccine manufacture, to the benefit of billions of people" (Wikipedia article on Leonard Hayflick). (historyofmedicine.com)
  • The surge in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) research in order to identify new therapeutic targets has led to a better understanding of the retroviral life cycle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Outbreak Investigation Among Persons Who Inject Drugs in Massachusetts Enhanced by HIV Sequence Data. (cdc.gov)
  • The methods for gene isolation developed here will also permit the identification of similar suppressors that modify or override other recently identified virus resistance genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Antibodies that reduce or abolish some biological activity of a soluble antigen or infectious agent, usually a virus. (lookformedical.com)
  • which offered a valid hypothesis for the spread of MbRV from PNG to Thailand by divulging SEATO facility reports and reviewing geographical movement of gibbons during the 1960s and 1970's. (wikipedia.org)
  • Among the different DC subsets, plasmacytoid DC (pDC) are well known for their ability to recognize and respond to a variety of viruses by secreting high levels of type I interferon. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Plasmacytoid DC are well known for their ability to recognize and respond to a variety of viruses [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Xenotransplantation of organs from chimpanzees and baboons has been avoided, however, because of ethical concerns and fear of transmission of deadly viruses (see Biologic Barriers to Xenotransplantation). (medscape.com)