Rdrp rna viral. Medical search. Frequent questions

The seven genera of Marnaviridae are designated based on analysis of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) sequences and capsid amino acid sequences, species are listed under each genus. (wikipedia.org)
Zinc inhibits SARS-CoV RNA polymerase, and thus its replication capacity. (frontiersin.org)
These variants are produced through replication errors of the viral genome by viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). (nagasaki-u.ac.jp)
Molnupiravir is a nucleoside analogue that inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication by viral mutagenesis, targeting SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). (keepkidshealthy.com)
After cellular uptake, it is phosphoribosylated and recognized as a substrate for the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and can cause chain termination or lethal mutagenesis [ 1 , 4 ]. (springer.com)
In vitro experiments demonstrate that Zn2+ possesses antiviral activity through inhibition of SARS‑CoV RNA polymerase. (spandidos-publications.com)
Previous clues about this mechanism came from research on influenza and La Crosse viruses that showed the viral protein responsible for copying the key segment - RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRP) - interacted with the 5′ end of the segment, which is the exact opposite end to the location where the protein initiates copying. (harvard.edu)
Analysis of the RNA viral sequences revealed coding regions for a predicted RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), a hallmark of RNA viruses. (virology.ws)
Immunostaining of autopsied lungs of individuals with COVID-19 revealed the presence of viral antigens such as S and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) in macrophages. (news-medical.net)
RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), a critical enzyme in the life cycle of the virus, can be targeted by using nucleotide antivirals thus causing inhibition. (uwo.ca)
To understand how these antivirals would interact with RdRp (RNA dependent RNA polymerase), the enzyme facilitating transcription, molecular docking simulations were performed. (uwo.ca)
Zinc does this by blocking RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) , the core enzyme of their multiprotein replication and transcription complex that is critical for the copying of viral RNA. (dadamo.com)
Remdesivir, a nucleoside analog that works by inhibiting the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), is the only fully approved antiviral for the treatment of COVID-19. (edu.au)
COV00801 The SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase (RDRP), also known as nsp12, is a vital component of the viral RNA replication and transcripition machinery, making it one of the key drug. (topsan.org)
Researchers found that the RNA sequences they analyzed contained a signature gene called RdRp that codes for RNA-dependent RNA polymerase-a complex enzyme designed to catalyze replication. (icr.org)
One of the approved drugs is remdesivir, an inhibitor of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), originally developed to counter Ebola. (news-medical.net)
Usually, the enzyme it uses to do this, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), is an attractive target for makers of antiviral drugs. (lktlabs.com)
One of the key components of the replication machinery is the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, RdRp. (gla.ac.uk)
The gold standard for the laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 is the reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay, which searches for SARS-CoV-2 target genes in nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal (NP/OP) samples, and its performance depends on the quantity and quality of the RNA input. (bvsalud.org)
The least sensitive target gene and the gene most affected by RNA extraction procedures was the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene (Charité-Berlin protocol). (bvsalud.org)
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) ORF1 protein (pORF1) contains methyltransferase (MetT), papain-like cysteine protease (PCP), RNA helicase (Hel) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domains. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Influenza virus RNA polymerase (RdRp) is essential in viral RNA replication and transcription. (jrespharm.com)
This polymerase has acid polymerase (PA) and polymerase basic 1 (PB1) subunits responsible for viral endonuclease and proteolytic activity. (jrespharm.com)
Nsp12 is a viral RNA-subordinate RNA polymerase (RdRp) and has high polymerase action. (scitechnol.com)
RdRp is short for RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. (biblaridion.info)
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), a cellular metabolic protein, was found to colocalize with viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5) in JEV-infected cells. (biomedcentral.com)
CoV RNA synthesis is mediated by the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) which requires a coterie of viral nucleic acid-metabolizing enzymes to maintain the integrity of the genome. (rockefeller.edu)
The backtracking observation prompted questions as to how the polymerase can elongate RNA in the presence of the helicase. (rockefeller.edu)
The COVID-19 causing coronavirus is an enveloped RNA virus that utilizes an enzyme RNA dependent RNA polymerase for its replication. (biomedcentral.com)
The coronavirus is an enveloped, non-segmented positive-sense RNA virus that utilizes an enzyme RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) for its replication which could be a potential target for the treatment development [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The name "marnaviridae" is based on its genome type (RNA virus - rnaviridae), together with the prefix "ma" being derived from the Latin word mare (sea). (wikipedia.org)
Figure 4: Evolution of genome organization in RNA viruses. (nature.com)
A tick-borne segmented RNA virus contains genome segments derived from unsegmented viral ancestors. (nature.com)
The capsid is 300 Angstroms in diameter, composed of 60 copies of each capsid protein and enclosing the viral positive strand RNA genome. (joplink.net)
Together, they shape a pore in the host membrane through which viral genome is translocated to host cell cytoplasm. (joplink.net)
One assembled sequence of 5,662 nucleotides, believed to be a complete viral genome, encodes a single open reading frame containing a RdRp and a putative capsid protein similar to that of the positive-strand RNA containing nodaviruses, tetraviruses, and birnaviruses. (virology.ws)
The process of viral entry involves the transport of the viral genome across host cell membranes, and the subsequent release of the virus genome into the host cell's body (cytoplasm). (dadamo.com)
The viral genome (total genetic information) can be RNA or DNA. (icr.org)
The researchers say this heralds the application of these molecules as chemical probes to explore viral biology and produce specific antivirals targeting RNA regions of the coronavirus genome. (news-medical.net)
The virus enters human cells via endocytosis by binding the ACE2 receptor and releasing its positive-sense RNA genome. (news-medical.net)
and viral genome condensation for virion assembly. (news-medical.net)
Specifically, they identified the presence of stem-loops at the 5' end of the RNA genome and other structures involved in frameshifting and replication. (news-medical.net)
The virion RNA is infectious and serves as both the genome and viral messenger RNA. (expasy.org)
The dsRNA genome is transcribed/replicated thereby providing viral mRNAs/new ssRNA(+) genomes. (expasy.org)
The N protein fundamentally ties to viral nucleic acids and is engaged with processes connected with viral genome and replication cycle. (scitechnol.com)
Covids utilize non-primary proteins, including the extra units nsp7 and nsp8 and the synergist unit nsp12, to reproduce and interpret their RNA genome. (scitechnol.com)
It contains a single-stranded positive RNA genome of 10,976 nucleotides (nts) in length that encodes a single large open reading frame (ORF) flanked by a 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR, 95 nts) and a 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR, 585 nts). (biomedcentral.com)

Marnaviridae is a family of positive-stranded RNA viruses in the order Picornavirales that infect various photosynthetic marine protists. (wikipedia.org)
After the usage of metagenomic analysis on the amino acid sequences of the capsid proteins and RdRp domains on viruses under the order Picornavirales, Marnaviridae was discovered to have a larger variety of viruses classified under it. (wikipedia.org)
The following genera are recognised: Bacillarnavirus Kusarnavirus Labyrnavirus Locarnavirus Marnavirus Salisharnavirus Sogarnavirus While Marnaviridae has several characteristics that are similar to those of other viruses in the broader Picornavirales order, members of Marnaviridae are placed through analysis of the RdRp sequence of amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
Here we profile the transcriptomes of over 220 invertebrate species sampled across nine animal phyla and report the discovery of 1,445 RNA viruses, including some that are sufficiently divergent to comprise new families. (nature.com)
The identified viruses fill major gaps in the RNA virus phylogeny and reveal an evolutionary history that is characterized by both host switching and co-divergence. (nature.com)
Figure 2: Phylogenetic diversity of RNA viruses. (nature.com)
Figure 3: Genetic exchange among RNA viruses. (nature.com)
Unprecedented genomic diversity of RNA viruses in arthropods reveals the ancestry of negative-sense RNA viruses. (nature.com)
Koonin, E. V. The phylogeny of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases of positive-strand RNA viruses. (nature.com)
Feschotte, C. & Gilbert, C. Endogenous viruses: insights into viral evolution and impact on host biology. (nature.com)
Among viruses that aren't yet zoonotic, the top-ranking virus - or the one that is most likely to both hop from animals to people and cause a pandemic - was coronavirus 229E (bat strain), which belongs to the same viral family as SARS-CoV-2 and infects bats in Africa. (livescience.com)
The study researchers analyzed more than 35,000 water samples from around the globe, hunting for RNA viruses, or viruses that use RNA as their genetic material, Live Science previously reported . (livescience.com)
Some RNA viruses - viruses whose RNA, not DNA, carries their genetic information - insert their genetic material into cells as a single piece, while others chop it up. (harvard.edu)
Such segmented RNA viruses, including several that cause human diseases like influenza, have long been an enigma to researchers: How do they accomplish the precise copying and insertion of each segment? (harvard.edu)
Most of these viruses have not yet been discovered: just over 2,000 viral species are recognized . (virology.ws)
The first archaeal RNA viruses might have been recently discovered in a hot, acidic spring in Yellowstone National Park. (virology.ws)
Identification of archaeal RNA viruses is important because their study could provide information about the ancestors of RNA viruses that infect eukaryotes. (virology.ws)
Direct sequencing of viral communities from the environment, known as viral metagenomics, is one approach being taken to discover archaeal viruses. (virology.ws)
80°C) springs in Yellowstone National Park were examined for the presence of archaeal RNA viruses because these bodies of water contain mainly Archaea . (virology.ws)
These results clearly show that at least two related but distinct RNA viruses are present in Nymph Lake. (virology.ws)
What is needed to resolve this question is old-fashioned virology: isolating RNA virus particles that can infect an archaeal host and produce new infectious viruses. (virology.ws)
An interesting alternative way of looking for RNA viruses would be to do dsRNA isolation on concentrated bacteria/archaea: this is a VERY under-appreciated way of very quickly enriching for (+) and dsRNA viruses. (virology.ws)
Positive sense RNA (ribonucleic acid) viruses (+ssRNA) are the known causative agents of diseases throughout history. (uwo.ca)
These types of viruses enter a host cell and hijack the cell's translational machinery to synthesize viral proteins that assemble into new viral particles (virions). (uwo.ca)
High intracellular concentrations inhibit the replication of RNA type viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. (dadamo.com)
Results: The 4'-fluorouridine has antiviral activity against the respiratory syncytial virus, hepatitis C virus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, and other RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. (edu.au)
2 Viruses enter into a host cell for replication (the process of producing two identical replicas of RNA, ribonucleic acid or DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid) and take over the cell's biological machinery. (icr.org)
RNA viruses are clearly important in our world, but we usually only study a tiny slice of them- the few hundred that harm humans, plants and animals. (icr.org)
Viruses did not evolve from some non-viral entity. (icr.org)
state a new phylum called Taraviricota is supposedly a missing link in early RNA virus evolution, 4 but Taraviricota is still composed of 100% viruses, and their RNA has always been RNA. (icr.org)
2022. Cryptic and abundant marine viruses at the evolutionary origins of Earth's RNA virome. (icr.org)
Replication of many positive-sense RNA viruses occurs within intracellular membrane-associated compartments. (gla.ac.uk)
One such challenging system is the RNA synthesis machinery of a class of pathogenic and sometimes deadly non - segmented negative - sense (NNS) RNA viruses, including m easles (MV) , rabies (RABV), Ebola (EBOV ) , Marburg (MARV) , and r espiratory s yncytial v irus (RSV). (emory.edu)
Our immediate research goal would be to decipher the molecular architecture of the RNA synthesis machiner y of these viruses using cryo - EM and x - ray crystallography. (emory.edu)
NNS RNA viruses share a common strategy of viral gene expression. (emory.edu)
Numerous studies have shown that replication of RNA viruses is involved in many specific RNA-RNA, RNA-protein, and protein-protein interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
It has shown activity against influenza viruses, RNA viruses associated with viral hemorrhagic fever, and even against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Instead, they're made of genetic material, usually DNA or its chemical cousin RNA, that's wrapped in a protein coating. (livescience.com)
Another viral sequence encoded a protein with 70% amino acid homology to the predicted RdRp. (virology.ws)
However, macrophages support the early phase of viral infection, particularly the entry and synthesis of new viral RNA and protein. (news-medical.net)
Furthermore, it remains unclear whether this virus replicates within macrophages to synthesize new viral RNA and protein, which leads to the possibility of new virion assembly. (news-medical.net)
Even though HMDMs phagocytosed the virus, they did not allow early-phase viral replication or protein synthesis to induce inflammatory responses due to the absence of ACE2. (news-medical.net)
COV00701 The SARS-CoV-2 membrane protein (M Protein) is the most abundantly expressed Coronavirus structural protein in host cells, and mediates viral assembly via interactions with other viral proteins. (topsan.org)
COV00601 The SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein (E Protein) is the smallest of the four main structural proteins and is abundantly expressed in host cells during the viral replication phase. (topsan.org)
COV00501 The SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (N Protein) is abundantly expressed in host cells during infection and mediates viral RNA replication, as well as viral particle assembly and release. (topsan.org)
Creationists maintain RdRp is a designed, essential protein found in Taraviricota that was created thousands of years ago during the creation week. (icr.org)
Such regulation may occur through protein-RNA interactions or allosteric RNA-RNA effects between stem-loops on the 5'-UTR. (news-medical.net)
ORF2 is a polyprotein which is presumably cleaved into a serine-protease, a VPg and a RdRp protein. (expasy.org)
Replication produces a subgenomic RNA which encodes for the capsid protein (ORF4). (expasy.org)
Expression of the subgenomic RNA encoding for ORF4 capsid protein. (expasy.org)
Viral movement protein probably mediates virion cell-to-cell transfer. (expasy.org)
The A56 protein is capable of binding two viral proteins, a serine protease inhibitor (K2) and the vaccinia virus complement control protein (VCP), and anchoring them to the surface of infected cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
There was no processing of the Hel and RdRp domains having the conserved (1205) LXGG site by the protein. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Subgenomic RNAs may be synthesized during replication of RNA-1 and RNA-2 and give rise to the movement protein and viral suppressor of RNA silencing . (expasy.org)
The RdRp recognizes internal subgenomic promoters on the negative-sense RNA to transcribe the 3'co-terminal subgenomic RNAs that will generate the movement protein and viral suppressor of RNA silencing . (expasy.org)
The capsid protein is directly expressed from RNA-2. (expasy.org)
The S glycoprotein is a tran's membrane protein that structures homotrimers on the viral surface and works with restricting to have cells. (scitechnol.com)
The E protein assumes a part in viral creation and development, while the M protein is significant in deciding viral envelope shape. (scitechnol.com)
In chapter II, I explore the basis by which RTC components may interact and reveal coupling of the essential viral helicase, non-structural protein (nsp) 13, with the RdRp in which two copies of nsp13 associate with the holoenzyme-RdRp complex bound to its RNA substrate (referred to as the nsp132-RTC) using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). (rockefeller.edu)

One of the proposed modes of action of RBV is a direct mutagenic effect on viral genomes, inducing mismatches and subsequent nucleotide substitutions. (mdpi.com)
Samples were obtained from 28 different sites and extracted nucleic acids were treated with DNAase (to remove DNA genomes) and then reverse transcriptase (to copy RNA to DNA). (virology.ws)
An essential aspect of viral propagation is the replication process in which viral enzymes orchestrate the production of nascent viral RNA genomes. (rockefeller.edu)
Programmable antivirals to target conserved essential shapes in pandemic viral genomes. (cdc.gov)

Uncoating, and release of the viral genomic RNA into the cytoplasm. (expasy.org)
RdRp synthesizes a full-length negative-strand RNA template to be used by RdRp to make more viral genomic RNA. (innovativegenomics.org)

Primers for RT-LAMP or RT-RPA can be designed for specific viral RNA sequences, and the amplification methods are used before the Cas enzyme detection step, to multiply detection signals from the specific nucleic acid sequences. (nature.com)
In order to obtain more detailed information regarding the interaction between host proteins and the defined viral nucleic acid and/or proteins, we investigated the host factors associating with the main replicase enzyme, NS5, in the JEV-infected cells using yeast-two hybrid screening. (biomedcentral.com)
In chapter III, we investigated the effect of this configuration on the RdRp and identified that nsp13 precipitates RdRp backtracking, which is a universal regulatory feature of many nucleic acid polymerases that describes their reverse motion on the nucleic acid template. (rockefeller.edu)
Samples of each species were pooled and then processed with a viral particle-protected nucleic acid purification method ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
The amplified viral nucleic acid libraries of the bat species were then sequenced with the Illumina/Solexa GAII sequencer (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). (cdc.gov)
Currently, there are three basic types of tests to determine if an individual has been infected with SARS-CoV-2: viral nucleic acid (RNA) detection, viral antigen detection, and detection of antibodies to the virus. (medscape.com)
Viral tests (nucleic acid or antigen detection tests) are used to assess acute infection, whereas antibody tests provide evidence of prior infection with SARS-CoV-2. (medscape.com)

The Bacillarnavirus species share 57.8-64.4% of RdRp and 29.1-33.4% of capsid amino acid sequences, when compared with each other within Bacillarnavirus. (wikipedia.org)
When compared with other genera of the family, they share 23.8-47.8% of RdRp and 18.3-29.4% of capsid sequences. (wikipedia.org)
Chaetoceros socialis forma radians RNA virus 1 Chaetoceros tenuissimus RNA virus 01 Rhizosolenia setigera RNA virus 01 Kusarnavirus shares 25.4-48.2% of RdRp and 21.7-47.9% of capsid sequences, with other genera in the family. (wikipedia.org)
Astarnavirus Labyrnavirus shares 22.4-33.6% identities of RdRp and 17.1-22.5% of capsid sequences. (wikipedia.org)
Aurantiochytrium single-strand RNA virus 01 The Locarnavirus species share 52.4-59.1% identities of RdRp and 32.2-38.3% of capsid sequences, when compared with each other within Locarnavirus. (wikipedia.org)
When compared with other genera of the family, they share 24.0-48.2% of RdRp and 17.2-27.4% of capsid sequences. (wikipedia.org)
Jericarnavirus B Sanfarnavirus 1 Sanfarnavirus 2 Sanfarnavirus 3 Marnavirus shares 22.4-30.3% of amino acid sequence identity of RdRp and 18.5-26.4% of capsid sequences. (wikipedia.org)
Heterosigma akashiwo RNA virus The Salisharnavirus species share 35.6-63.6% of RdRp and 24.9-34.4% of capsid sequences, when compared with each other within Salisharnavirus. (wikipedia.org)
When compared with other genera of the family, they share 24.3-47.2% of RdRp and 18.2-31.5% of capsid sequences. (wikipedia.org)
Britarnavirus 1 Britarnavirus 4 Palmarnavirus 128 Palmarnavirus 473 The Sogarnavirus species share 48.8-77.0% of RdRp and 27.6-59.0% of capsid sequences, when compared with each other within Sogarnavirus. (wikipedia.org)
When compared with other genera of the family, they share 24.3-47.2% of RdRp and 17.1-47.9% for capsid sequences. (wikipedia.org)

SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded, enveloped, positive-sense ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus that belongs to the family Coronaviridae. (news-medical.net)
The stage where viral RNA (ribonucleic acid) is replicated is referred to as transcription. (uwo.ca)

The human disease gene LYSET is essential for lysosomal enzyme transport and viral infection. (stanford.edu)
How do they ensure that individual segments are all copied by the same enzyme and that each segment can make different amounts of RNA? (harvard.edu)
The experiments revealed that mixing short 13-nucleotide RNAs from the 5′ end of the Machupo virus segments with the RdRP, the catalyst that initiates RNA replication, stimulated the ability of this enzyme to copy the viral segment. (harvard.edu)
The two-segment Machupo virus contains four subtly different 5′ RNAs that each bind the RdRP enzyme. (harvard.edu)
Remarkably, the scientists observed, those RNAs dictate which of four different start sites the enzyme actually uses. (harvard.edu)
Favipiravir (FVP) triphosphate, a purine nucleoside analog, competitively inhibits the enzyme RdRp. (biomedcentral.com)

Hepatitis E virus (HEV), an important agent of viral hepatitis worldwide, can cause severe courses of infection in pregnant women and immunosuppressed patients. (mdpi.com)
Macrophages are associated with innate immunity that protects the respiratory tracts during viral infection. (news-medical.net)
Inhibition of viral infection with the increase pH by chloroquine analogs. (dadamo.com)
The virus exploits the host machinery to facilitate efficient viral replication, which ultimately leads to progression of infection. (news-medical.net)
This study highlights the importance of monitoring bacterial coinfection in patients with viral lung infection due to SARS-CoV-2. (medscimonit.com)

RdRp is translated through suppression of termination at the end of ORF1. (expasy.org)

We are currently experiencing an unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic caused by a novel RNA coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2, which can produce a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) ( 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
The difficulty of finding effective antivirals in the current pandemic has stimulated the search for better drug development approaches that will reveal targetable viral structures, thus helping to prevent and treat both the current and any future coronavirus outbreaks. (news-medical.net)

Seasonal epidemics of influenza are also known to occur because of new variants of influenza A virus (IAV), which are generated by the introduction of mutations by viral RdRp with low fidelity. (nagasaki-u.ac.jp)
Inhibiting this with an antiviral can cause mutations within the viral proteome producing nonviable virions. (uwo.ca)
They found that when RdRp uses this RNA to synthesize new RNA, molnupiravir causes mutations. (lktlabs.com)
Among the SARS-CoV-2 isolates from all over the world, several widespread mutations on the RdRp coding region of the Orf1ab polyprotein gene have been identified. (biblaridion.info)

The mutation rate of SARS-CoV-2 was 23.9-fold lower than that of IAV because of the proofreading activity of the SARS-CoV-2 RdRp complex. (nagasaki-u.ac.jp)

For example, important zinc metalloenzymes include alkaline phosphatase, RNA polymerases, and alcohol dehydrogenase ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
2003. Evolutionary connection between the catalytic subunits of DNA-dependent RNA polmerases and eukaryotic RNA-dependent RNA polymerases. (icr.org)
RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases found in species of CORONAVIRIDAE. (bvsalud.org)

The viral RNA is translated to produce the two proteins necessary for RNA synthesis (replication and transcription). (expasy.org)

The researchers aim to exploit the conservation of certain SARS-CoV-2 RNA motif sequences and structures. (news-medical.net)

When such a drug gets incorporated into a new RNA strand, synthesis stops. (lktlabs.com)
The structural basis of the RNA synthesis machinery remains most ly unclear. (emory.edu)
The Liang laboratory devotes to understanding the structure and mechanism of the RNA synthesis machinery of RSV, the leading cause of severe respiratory tract diseases in young children , older adults , and immunocompromised in the United States and worldwide. (emory.edu)
RNA synthesis by the RdRP of RSV is essential for viral pathogenesis. (emory.edu)
The Liang laboratory aims to establish an RNA synthesis platform for RSV, elucidate how this RNA synthesis machine functions, and identify potential antiviral therapeutic tar gets for more effective treatment. (emory.edu)
allosterically orchestrating either RNA synthesis or backtracking in response to stimuli at the RdRp active site. (rockefeller.edu)
Faithful synthesis of viral RNAs by the RTC requires recognition of the correct nucleotide triphosphate (NTP) for incorporation into the nascent RNA, while antiviral nucleoside analogs must compete with the natural NTPs to be effective. (rockefeller.edu)
To further our understanding on remdesivir's mechanism of action, I analyzed the effect of remdesivir when incorporated in the newly replicated viral RNA to establish how it may impede viral RNA synthesis following treatment (template-dependent inhibition). (rockefeller.edu)
In the final chapter, I explore the implications of our investigations and how they may spur further studies on the underlying mechanisms of CoV RNA synthesis. (rockefeller.edu)

Now research by scientists at Harvard Medical School's Blavatnik Institute yields a surprising answer: The viral machinery in charge of this survival-ensuring maneuver becomes activated by RNA from the tail end of the segment, opposite to where the copying starts. (harvard.edu)

M.M.Shehata,M.R.Gomaa,R.ElShesheny,A.Kandeil, lated to the RdRp gene of HKU9 CoV (Figure). (cdc.gov)
CoV-2 depends on the quality of the specimen, the date of methods for SARS-CoV-2 RNA target gene detection. (bvsalud.org)

Replication of flavivirus RNA takes place in the cytoplasm by an asymmetric and semiconservative mode resulting in 10 to 100-fold greater plus strands compared to minus strands [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In this study, novel antivirals were designed, specifically ribonucleotide (the building blocks of RNA) antivirals. (uwo.ca)
The next step is to screen the antivirals against other viral species. (uwo.ca)
As the critical element to viral replication, the RTC is a target for clinically used antivirals such as remdesivir and molnupiravir. (rockefeller.edu)

The first species of this family that was isolated is Heterosigma akashiwo RNA virus (HaRNAV) in the genus Marnavirus, which infects the toxic bloom-forming Raphidophyte alga, Heterosigma akashiwo. (wikipedia.org)
The research is part of the Tara Oceans Consortium and has identified 5,500 new RNA virus species that represent all five known RNA virus phyla (a taxonomic category). (icr.org)
The discovery of these new viral species adds to our understanding of the ocean's ecosystem. (icr.org)

In vitro studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 is susceptible to 4'-fluorouridine, with the half-maximal effective concentration (EC 50) of 0.2 to 0.6 M, and that the 4′-fluorouridine derivative, 4′-fluorouridine-5′-triphosphate, inhibited RdRp via a mechanism distinct from that of the already approved COVID-19 oral drug, molnupiravir. (edu.au)
Both teams addressed this question by combining RNA that contained molnupiravir with RdRp in vitro . (lktlabs.com)

Conclusions: Concerns about the genetic effects of molnupiravir may be resolved by the use of 4′-fluorouridine and its derivative, which, unlike molnupiravir, do not alter genetics, but inhibit RdRp instead. (edu.au)
Two research teams in Germany and Canada recently showed that molnupiravir mimics cytidine and uridine, two RNA nucleotides. (lktlabs.com)
Molnupiravir incorporates into new RNA strands, like other antiviral drugs. (lktlabs.com)

We will target two classes of COVID-19 proteins, viral cysteine proteases and the ribosome-viral-polypeptide complex. (innovativegenomics.org)

Because of their ability to integrate their genetic code into the code of their host, viral genes are found hidden in the genetic codes of many living things all over the world, from bacteria to humans, in habits from deep in the ocean to inside Arctic ice, and even sometimes falling from the sky. (livescience.com)
They were used for the ( RdRP ) viral genes 1-4 . (bvsalud.org)

LXGG sequence is recognized by viral and cellular deubiquitinating enzymes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The extracted RNA and DNA were amplified by sequence-independent PCR. (cdc.gov)

Thus, macrophages not only inhibit viral dissemination but can sense infected cells and infectious viral particles to subsequently elicit antiviral and proinflammatory programs. (news-medical.net)

The family was proposed following the discovery of an RNA virus (HaRNAV) that infects H. akashiwo off of the coast of British Columbia, which was the first report of a single-stranded RNA virus capable of causing cell lysis in phytoplankton. (wikipedia.org)

Molnupiravir's mechanism of action evades viral proofreading enzymes. (lktlabs.com)
The RdRp and other viral replication enzymes are postulated to interact as part of a large assembly known as the replication-transcription complex (RTC). (rockefeller.edu)

These are apparently cis-elements involved in regulating viral replication. (news-medical.net)

At present, many antiviral drugs block RdRp by mimicking RNA nucleotides. (lktlabs.com)

Harvard Medical School researchers identify new targets to inhibit viral replication and may inform the development of a new class of antiviral drugs. (harvard.edu)

Current knowledge of RNA virus biodiversity is both biased and fragmentary, reflecting a focus on culturable or disease-causing agents. (nature.com)
Together, these data present a view of the RNA virosphere that is more phylogenetically and genomically diverse than that depicted in current classification schemes and provide a more solid foundation for studies in virus ecology and evolution. (nature.com)
Considering its broad-spectrum anti-RNA viral activity and low cytotoxicity, it is a promising agent against the newly emerged positive-sense RNA virus, SARS-CoV-2. (springer.com)
An RNA virus that infects Archaea? (virology.ws)
2 thoughts on "An RNA virus that infects Archaea? (virology.ws)
Quantitative real-time PCR with reverse transcription (RT-qPCR), which measures the quantity of viral RNAs, remains the gold-standard technique for SARS-CoV-2 virus detection 1 . (nature.com)
This process is important since it is where the virus reproduces copies of its RNA for new virions. (uwo.ca)
Both drugs are weak bases (alkaline pH) and are rapidly taken up into the endosome, where they raise the pH to a point where viral replication can't take place .The virus is therefore unable to release its genetic material into the cell and replicate. (dadamo.com)
The names of both the disease and the virus should be fully capitalized, except for the letter 'o' in the viral name, which is in lowercase 16,22,41 . (radiopaedia.org)
Ocean water samples yield treasure trove of RNA virus data. (icr.org)
A new U.S. study published on the bioRxiv * preprint server reports the use of an amiloride-based scaffold that targets a viral RNA structure known to be essential in viral replication in the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of the virus. (news-medical.net)
In order to reproduce, the virus SARS-CoV-2 needs to synthesize RNA. (lktlabs.com)
Here, using the RdRp from foot-and-mouth disease virus (termed 3Dpol), we report fibril structures, solved at ~7-9 Å resolution by cryo-EM, revealing multiple conformations of a flexible assembly. (gla.ac.uk)
On 31 December 2019, the Chinese Govern- (mainly diarrhoea), and severe viral pneumonia with ment formally announced the outbreak, and the virus respiratory failure, multisystem inflammatory syndrome, was rapidly isolated and sequenced, and identified as a thromboembolism, and even death ( 1 , 5 , 9 ). (who.int)
ARN-polimerasas dependientes de ARN presentes en las especies de virus de la familia CORONAVIRIDAE. (bvsalud.org)

instead, GAPDH binds to the 3' termini of plus- and minus-strand RNAs of JEV by electrophoretic mobility shift assays. (biomedcentral.com)
Accordingly, GAPDH binds to the minus strand more efficiently than to the plus strand of JEV RNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
Intriguingly, we observed that one of the bound helicases is orientated with an opposing polarity to the RdRp on the template RNA (t-RNA) strand. (rockefeller.edu)

Here we report the first, in-depth, longitudinal analysis of viral and host biologic correlates of the clinical resolution of COVID-19 in a patient who received convalescent plasma therapy during the first pandemic wave in the United States. (frontiersin.org)

RT-RPA and RT-LAMP are highly sensitive methods, but can suffer from nonspecific amplification under isothermal conditions, leading to false-positive results when used for viral RNA detections. (nature.com)

Following transfusion, the patient showed fever remission, improved respiratory status, and rapidly decreased viral burden in respiratory fluids and SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia. (frontiersin.org)
Initial direct viral detection is typically performed using an upper respiratory tract (URT) specimen. (medscape.com)

The RNA-1 5'proximal ORFs are directly translated to produce the viral constituents of the replicase complex. (expasy.org)
RDRP_TRVPP Replicase large subunit (EC 2.1.1. (expasy.org)

The viral serine protease is responsible for all the cleavages. (expasy.org)

We use these data to propose models for the role of higher-order 3Dpol complexes as a dynamic scaffold within which RNA replication can occur. (gla.ac.uk)

The current study shifts to small molecules that target RNA. (news-medical.net)
Small molecules that are directed against RNA are slowly making their appearance as therapeutics, with one drug targeting non-ribosomal RNA approved a few months ago to help patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). (news-medical.net)
A host of viral RNAs and other RNAs involved in disease processes have also been demonstrated to be targeted effectively by small molecules. (news-medical.net)

Such exquisite regulation is critical to making the correct levels of the viral proteins necessary for successful replication. (harvard.edu)

If reverse transcription was reduced by treatment with RNAse, it was concluded that the sample contained mostly RNA. (virology.ws)

Enantiomeric 3-deaza-1',6'-isoneplanocins (C-3 unsubstituted 7a/7b and C-3 with a bromine 8a/8b) lacking the 4'-hydroxymethyl as mechanistically designed anti-viral targets have been prepared by utilizing the Ullmann reaction. (researchgate.net)
Zinc is a decidedly anti-viral mineral. (dadamo.com)

These are thought to provide a favourable environment for replication to occur, concentrating essential viral structural and nonstructural components, as well as protecting these components from host-cell pathogen recognition and innate immune responses. (gla.ac.uk)

A total of 300 NP/OP samples belonging to suspected cases of COVID-19 stored in a biorepository were randomly selected, and RNA was extracted using (i) automated extraction (Loccus, Extracta Kit FAST), (ii) manual extraction (BioGene Kit, Bioclin, Quibasa), and (iii) quick extraction methods (Lucigen, Quick DNA Extract Kit). (bvsalud.org)
RNA extraction methods. (bvsalud.org)

New samples obtained twelve months later also showed a predominance of RNA and were used for metagenomic analysis by deep sequencing. (virology.ws)

But interestingly, RdRp continues to synthesize RNA. (lktlabs.com)

Within a detection limit of 42 RNA copies per reaction, SHERLOCK was 100% specific and 100% sensitive with a fluorescence readout, and 100% specific and 97% sensitive with a lateral-flow readout. (nature.com)

ACE2-expressing THP-1 macrophages were able to sense newly synthesized viral RNA and trigger the expression of proinflammatory and antiviral mediators, which inhibited ongoing virion release. (news-medical.net)

The viral RNA is translated to produce replication proteins, ORF2 polyprotein is processed by the viral protease. (expasy.org)

Presumably, favipiravir is inserted into the newly synthesized SARS-CoV-2 RNA chain, which caused a detrimental effect on the viral replication. (springer.com)

The final ProTides was screened against SARS-CoV-2 for their inhibition of RdRp along with the evaluation of cytotoxicity showing low inhibition and no cytotoxicity. (uwo.ca)

According to a recent study, 4′-fluoruridine, a nucleoside analog similar to remdesivir, is a promising candidate for COVID-19 oral therapy due to its ability to stall viral RdRp. (edu.au)

Anatomy13

Organisms40

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs109

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes73

Information Science4

Health Care2

Polymerase30

Genome17

Viruses37

Protein22

Genomes4

Genomic2

Nucleic acid7

Capsid11

Ribonucleic acid2

Enzyme6

Infection5

ORF11

Coronavirus2

Mutations4

SARS-CoV-2 RdRp1

Polymerases3

Replication and transcription1

Sequences1

Synthesis9

Machinery1

Gene2

Cytoplasm1

Antivirals3

Species3

Vitro2

Molnupiravir3

Cysteine1

Genes2

Sequence2

Particles1

Single-stranded1

Enzymes2

Regulating viral replication1

Nucleotides1

Inhibit viral1

Virus15

Strand3

Pandemic1

Amplification1

Respiratory2

Replicase2

Serine1

Scaffold1

Small Molecules3

Proteins necessary1

Transcription1

Anti-viral2

Essential viral1

Methods2

Metagenomic1

Synthesize1

Copies1

Virion1

Polyprotein1

Newly1

Cytotoxicity1

Remdesivir1