Rats distal intestinal mucosa. Medical search. Frequent questions

Thus, it can modulate the composition and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota, which might potentially enhance the health of the host organism[ 5 , 6 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
It is in permanent contact with food and the intestinal microbiota. (nature.com)
Recently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been defined as the transfer of distal gut microbial communities from a healthy individual to a patient's intestinal tract to cure some immune disorders (mainly inflammatory bowel diseases). (hindawi.com)
Currently, as a means of intestinal microecological regulation in addition to microecological preparations, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has become popular in recent years. (hindawi.com)
This review summarizes the mechanisms by which chronic alcohol intake leads to intestinal inflammation, including altering intestinal microbiota composition and function, increasing the permeability of the intestinal lining, and affecting the intestinal immune homeostasis. (nih.gov)
These mechanisms include alcohol's influences on intestinal microbiota, on the integrity of the barrier between the intestine and the rest of the body, and on immune function within and outside the GI tract. (nih.gov)
The comparison between the microbiota of the caecal and colonic mucosa in IBS has rarely been studied. (biomedcentral.com)
The intestinal microbiota is recognised as an essential contributor to disease initiation and perpetuation and, therefore, represents an enormous reservoir for the discovery of novel signatures that could be used as biomarkers and predictors for different disease phenotypes or stages. (bmj.com)
The bacterial cells forming intestinal microbiota outnumber human cells by 10 times and encode for a gene set that is 150 times larger than the human one [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Indeed, an altered composition of the gut microbiota might compromise the epithelial intestinal integrity and lead to a defective defence against pathogenic microorganisms, with consequent inflammatory reactions and, ultimately, neuro-inflammation [ 14 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

This study compared the long-term consequences of two common forms of bariatric surgery: one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) in a preclinical rat model. (nature.com)
On the contrary, BA concentrations were the highest in the residual gastric pouch of OAGB-15 rats. (nature.com)
The fact that PPIs don't seem to reduce the risk of GIB distal to the duodenum should not be surprising given their primary mechanism of action through inhibition of acid production by gastric parietal cells. (pearls4peers.com)
Samloff IM: Cellular localization of group I pepsinogens in human gastric mucosa by immunofluorescence. (karger.com)
Gastric adenocarcinoma of fundic gland type is known to originate from the gastric mucosa of the fundic gland region without intestinal metaplasia. (koreamed.org)
1997). Reported GI symptoms, such as nausea, may not be accompanied by visible damage to the gastric mucosa. (nationalacademies.org)

Pathogenic microorganisms and other antigens entering the intestinal tract encounter macrophages, dendritic cells, B-lymphocytes, and T-lymphocytes found in Peyer's patches and other sites of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). (wikipedia.org)
Here, macrophages and T cells accumulate in the lamina propria of the intestinal tract, activate each other, destroy the regular architecture of the gut wall, and disturb the intestinal function. (nature.com)
On a certain genetic background, the excessive inflammatory response induced by the immune imbalance of the intestinal host can damage the intestinal tract and its mucosal barrier, which is a key factor affecting the occurrence and development of CD. (hindawi.com)
FMT refers to the transplantation of functional bacteria in the feces of healthy donors into the gastrointestinal tract of the patient to restore the balance of the intestinal microecology, which subsequently treats diseases associated with disorders of intestinal microorganisms. (hindawi.com)
Relevant studies on the mechanism of probiotics mainly focus on the intestinal tract. (hindawi.com)
Once consumed, alcohol is absorbed mainly in the upper intestinal tract by diffusion and then enters the liver via the portal vein. (nih.gov)
Our previous rat studies have shown that UFP can translocate to interstitial sites in the respiratory tract as well as to extrapul- monary organs such as liver within 4 to 24 h postexposure. (cdc.gov)
We conclude from our study that the CNS can be targeted by airborne solid ultrafine particles and that the most likely mechanism is from deposits on the olfactory mucosa of the nasopha- ryngeal region of the respiratory tract and subsequent translocation via the olfactory nerve. (cdc.gov)

Influence of the application of enemas with oily extract of curcumin ( Curcuma longa ) on the tissue content of neutral and acidic mucins in the colonic mucosa without fecal stream ☆ ☆ Study conducted at Universidade São Francisco (USF), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM), Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil. (scielo.br)
To verify if the application of enemas containing oily extracts of curcumin preserves the tissue content of mucins in the glands of the colonic mucosa without fecal stream. (scielo.br)
Despite numerous studies about the role of NO in the regulation of intestinal water and ion transport, the data about colonic fluid movement are controversial and scanty. (kiev.ua)
The net water and electrolytes movements were evaluated by isolated colonic loop perfusion technique in vivo on anaesthetized male Wistar rats. (kiev.ua)

It is widely accepted that chronic GERD leads to inflammation and ulceration of the esophageal squamous mucosa and that persistent and recurrent inflammation and ulceration may lead to columnar metaplasia and, ultimately, intestinal metaplasia. (jcancer.org)
This reproducible immune reaction results from an impaired induction of oral tolerance, i.e., a suppressive immune process at local and systemic levels that physiologically allows harmless dietary proteins to be tolerated by the immune system, thus avoiding chronic intestinal inflammation due to their regular consumption. (frontiersin.org)
13 Furthermore, OPN promotes T-helper type 1 (Th1) responses during chronic intestinal inflammation in mice and is significantly increased in the serum of patients with IBD, suggesting that the CD44-OPN system is deregulated in these patients. (nature.com)
Herb-partitioned moxibustion may inhibit excessively activated autophagy and modulate the expression of immune-related factors by regulating the LKB1-mTOR-PI3KC signal transduction networks, thereby alleviating intestinal inflammation in CD rats. (hindawi.com)
Specifically, alcohol and its metabolites promote intestinal inflammation through multiple pathways. (nih.gov)
Understanding the mechanisms of alcohol-induced intestinal inflammation can aid in the discovery of therapeutic approaches to mitigate alcohol-induced organ dysfunctions. (nih.gov)
2015). This alcohol-induced intestinal inflammation may be at the root of multiple organ dysfunctions and chronic disorders associated with alcohol consumption, including chronic liver disease, neurological disease, GI cancers, and inflammatory bowel syndrome. (nih.gov)
This review summarizes the mechanisms by which chronic alcohol intake leads to intestinal inflammation. (nih.gov)

Epithelial tissue from both the rat BE model and human BE patients strongly expressed KLF5, CDX2, MUC2, and villin. (jcancer.org)
Moreover, siRNA-mediated knockdown of KLF5 blocked the expression of CDX2, MUC2 and villin, but transfection of a KLF5 expression vector into esophageal epithelial cells promoted their transdifferentiation into columnar-like cells, as demonstrated by increased expression of the intestinal markers CDX2, MUC2 and villin. (jcancer.org)
The establishment of oral tolerance is dependent on the controlled uptake of food proteins through the intestinal epithelial barrier and its delivery to local dendritic cells (DC) that matured in the intestinal pro-tolerogenic environment. (frontiersin.org)

Thirty-six Wistar rats were submitted to diversion of the fecal stream by proximal colostomy and distal mucous fistula. (scielo.br)
Trinta e seis ratos Wistar foram submetidos à derivação intestinal por colostomia proximal e fístula mucosa distal. (scielo.br)
Correction for 'Effects of extruded whole-grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) based diets on calcium absorption and bone health of growing Wistar rats' by María Gimena Galán et al. (bvsalud.org)
After 30 weeks of follow-up, Wistar rats operated on RYGB, OAGB with a short BPL (15 cm, OAGB-15), or a long BPL (35 cm, OAGB-35), and unoperated rats exhibit no cases of esogastric cancer, metaplasia, dysplasia, or Barrett's esophagus. (nature.com)

Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used to create a surgical model of bile reflux injury. (jcancer.org)
Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with high fiber diet, and different doses of capsaicin. (ijpsonline.com)
Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups ( n = 8): normal control group, UC control group, UC+ST36 group and UC+non-acupoint group. (wjgnet.com)

Both clinical and experimental studies have shown that bile acids are noxious to the esophageal mucosa. (jcancer.org)

The gastrointestinal hormone, insulin-like peptide 5 (INSL5), is found in large intestinal enteroendocrine cells (EEC). (edu.au)

In conclusion, RYGB results in a better long-term outcome than OAGB, as chronic signs of biliary reflux or reactional gastritis were reported post-OAGB even after reducing the BPL length in a preclinical rat model. (nature.com)
FMT has also been clinically applied to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome, chronic functional constipation, intestinal cancer, foodborne allergic gastroenteropathy, and so on [ 8 ], and researchers have achieved a certain clinical efficacy. (hindawi.com)
Infections with Schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum, S. mekongi, and S. intercalatum are associated with intestinal lesions and chronic hepatic fibrosis. (wikitropica.org)

Peyer's patches thus establish their importance in the immune surveillance of the intestinal lumen and in facilitating production of the immune response within the mucosa. (wikipedia.org)
Various environmental factors during perinatal life may alter the establishment of intestinal homeostasis, thereby predisposing individuals to the development of such immune-related diseases. (frontiersin.org)
Due to their immunotoxical and biocidal properties, such exposure may disrupt the host-intestinal microbiota's beneficial exchanges and may interfere with intestinal barrier and gut-associated immune system development in fetuses then the neonates. (frontiersin.org)
The resulting dysregulated intestinal homeostasis in the infant may significantly impede the induction of oral tolerance, a crucial process of immune unresponsiveness to food antigens. (frontiersin.org)
The disruption of this balance causes either the systemic invasion of microbes or harmful host immune stimulation damaging intestinal tissue. (nature.com)
Several molecules expressed by macrophages and T cells including interleukin-12 (IL-12), interferon-γ, IL-10, and Foxp3 are critical for the intestinal balance between immune attack and tolerance. (nature.com)

Accumulating evidence supports the pivotal role of intestinal flora in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). (biomedcentral.com)

A small proportion of cells with Rxfp4-dependent labelling was 5-HT-negative, 11-15% in the distal colon and rectum, and 35% in the proximal colon. (edu.au)

The mucus layer that covers the colic epithelium represents the first line of defense against the aggression caused by antigens, virus, and bacteria in the intestinal lumen. (scielo.br)
FAE differs from typical small intestinal villus epithelium: it has fewer goblet cells therefore mucus layer is thinner, and it is also characterized by the presence of specialized M cells or microfold cells, which provide uptake and transport of antigens from lumen. (wikipedia.org)
Clearance of small intestinal crypts involves goblet cell mucus secretion by intracellular granule rupture and enterocyte ion transport. (gu.se)
They correspond to functions allowing opportunistic pathogens to colonise the mucus layers, breach the host barriers and invade the mucosae, which could still be aggravated by decreased host-derived pancreatic zymogen granule membrane protein GP2 in CD patients. (bmj.com)

Tian L, Huang YX, Tian M, Gao W, Chang Q. Downregulation of electroacupuncture at ST36 on TNF-α in rats with ulcerative colitis. (wjgnet.com)
To investigate the regulatory effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at Zusanli (ST36) on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in rats with ulcerative colitis (UC), and further elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of EA on UC. (wjgnet.com)
The aim of the present study was to investigate the contribution of NO in the basal net water and electrolytes (Na+, K+, Cl-) transport in normal colon and during experimental ulcerative colitis in rats. (kiev.ua)

Probiotic products are commonly known to be microecological preparations and are used to improve the structure of intestinal flora, inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms, and enhance the immunity of the human body. (hindawi.com)

Upon entering the interstitial fluid in the mucosa where the pH approaches neutrality, HF dissociates to release fluoride and hydrogen ions which can cause tissue damage. (nationalacademies.org)

Compared to RYGB, OAGB-35 rats presented higher rate of esophagitis, fundic gastritis and perianastomotic foveolar hyperplasia. (nature.com)

8 What is perhaps more intriguing is how they may potentially increase the risk of small intestinal injury while still protecting the gastro-duodenum from NSAID-induced mucosal damage. (pearls4peers.com)

Here we explore the feasibility of extracting bacterial protein signals relevant to CD, by interrogating myriads of intestinal bacterial proteomes from a small number of patients and healthy controls. (bmj.com)
Results Our 2D-DIGE-based discovery approach revealed an imbalance of intestinal bacterial functions in CD. (bmj.com)

and be proven to be safe and reliable or an member of the original intestinal microflora. (hindawi.com)

Restoration of small intestine Bifididobacteria during treatment with a PPI along with an NSAID prevented intestinal ulceration/bleeding. (pearls4peers.com)

Exercitatio Anatomico-Medica de Glandulis Intestinorum, Earumque Usu et Affectionibus [Anatomical-medical essay on the intestinal glands, and their function and diseases] (in Latin). (wikipedia.org)

Tissue quantification of neutral and acid mucins in the mucosa of the colon with and without fecal stream in rats. (scielo.br)

It appears that an HF concentration somewhere between 1.0 and 5.0 mmol/L (20 and 100 mg/L), applied to the stomach mucosa for at least 15 minutes, is the threshold for effects on the function and structure of the tissue (Whitford et al. (nationalacademies.org)

As the wall tension of the colon increases, ischemia with longitudinal splitting of the serosa, herniation of the mucosa, and perforation (including iatrogenic perforation during open or laparoscopic procedures) can occur. (medscape.com)
Histologic examination of the mucosa may reveal superficial annular or longitudinal ulcers. (jscimedcentral.com)

Therefore, the effect of alcohol on the distal small intestine and colon should largely come from its circulatory levels. (nih.gov)
Endoscopic demonstration of non-steroidal anti inflammatory drug-induced small intestinal strictures. (jscimedcentral.com)
Risk factors for severe nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug induced small intestinal damage. (jscimedcentral.com)
Proton pump inhibitors exacerbate NSAID-induced small intestinal injury by inducing dysbiosis. (jscimedcentral.com)
Capsule endoscopy is a novel method that permits the endoscopic examination of the mucosa of the entire small intestine, which can typically reveal concentric strictures beyond which the capsule does not pass. (jscimedcentral.com)

Moreover, basal lamina of follicle-associated epithelium is more porous compared to intestinal villus. (wikipedia.org)

Lansoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, reduces the severity of indomethacin-induced rat enteritis. (jscimedcentral.com)

Beyond conjugation, ursodiol is not altered or catabolized appreciably by the liver or intestinal mucosa. (nih.gov)

The term intestinal pseudo-obstruction denotes a syndrome characterized by a clinical picture suggestive of mechanical obstruction in the absence of any demonstrable evidence of such an obstruction in the intestine. (medscape.com)

Macrophage-induced bystander effects have been implicated as an important mediator of chromosomal instability and colon cancer triggered by Enterococcus faecalis , a human intestinal commensal bacteria. (aacrjournals.org)

We evaluated the influence of biliopancreatic limb (BPL) length, malabsorption, and bile acid (BA) reflux on esogastric mucosa. (nature.com)

by itself treatment with PPI was not associated with intestinal mucosa injury. (pearls4peers.com)

In addition to the reservoir function, the stomach also plays an important motility role as a pump, which anatomically is provided by the distal two thirds of the corpus, the antrum and the pylorus. (karger.com)

A solution containing ethanol and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) was instilled into the distal colon in the rat (at a dose of 100 mg/kg) to set up UC rat model. (wjgnet.com)

OAGB, as all Omega-loop surgical strategies, is characterized by the direct anastomosis of the biliopancreatic loop to the stomach, instead of interposing an alimentary loop as in the Roux-en-Y procedures. (nature.com)

Anatomy54

Organisms23

Diseases41

Chemicals and Drugs61

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Phenomena and Processes27

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Information Science1

Health Care1

Microbiota10

Gastric6

Tract8

Colonic4

Inflammation8

Epithelial3

Wistar4

Sprague-Dawley3

Esophageal mucosa1

Enteroendocrine cells1

Chronic3

Immune6

Irritable bowel sy1

Proximal1

Mucus4

Ulcerative colitis3

Microorganisms1

Interstitial1

Fundic1

Mucosal damage1

Bacterial2

Microflora1

Ulceration1

Glands1

Fecal1

Tissue1

Longitudinal2

Small5

Epithelium1

Severity1

Liver1

Intestine1

Human1

Influence1

Injury1

Function1

Model1

Surgical1