Rna 3 end processing. Medical search. Frequent questions

The concept of messenger RNA emerged during the late 1950s, and is associated with Crick's description of his "Central Dogma of Molecular Biology", which asserted that DNA led to the formation of RNA, which in turn led to the synthesis of proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Polysomes (multiple ribosomes moving along a single mRNA molecule) were identified in the early 1960s, and their study led to an understanding of how ribosomes proceed to read the mRNA in a 5′ to 3′ direction, processively generating proteins as they do so. (wikipedia.org)
ELAV/Hu proteins comprise a family of highly conserved neuronal RNA binding proteins important for the development of the nervous system and for neuronal functions. (findaphd.com)
In addition, after transcription, a wide array of RNA-binding proteins interacts with cis -acting elements located mainly in the 3' untranslated region, determining the fate of mRNAs in eukaryotic cells. (frontiersin.org)
The NoV genome is 7.3-7.7 kb long with 3 open by RT-PCR with a calicivirus universal primer pair reading frames (ORFs) encoding a polyprotein that under- p290/110 targeting the RdRp region (15,16), followed by goes protease processing to produce several nonstructural sequencing the 3 kb on the 3 end of the genome for 5 NoV proteins, including an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase strains. (cdc.gov)
In living organisms, gene expression is a complex process that results in the production of proteins from the genome in a time- and space-regulated manner. (cea.fr)
This expression is strictly dependent on the synthesis of messenger RNAs transcripts from the DNA molecule and their subsequent translation into proteins by the ribosomes. (cea.fr)
His fields of research comprise RNA-mediated gene silencing processes with a focus on epigenetic phenomena, including studies on RNA-directed DNA methylation, the characterization of virus silencing suppressor proteins, the development of plant bioreactor platforms and viroid research. (degruyter.com)
Viroids are non-encapsidated, single-stranded (ss), 250-400 nucleotide (nt)-long circular RNA molecules that do not encode proteins (1, 2). (degruyter.com)
In the majority of cases, Rf genes produce proteins that act directly on the CMS conferring mitochondrial transcripts by binding them specifically and promoting processing events. (frontiersin.org)
In the majority of cases, Rf genes produce proteins that bind specifically to the CMS conferring transcripts in the mitochondria and promote processing events leading to a strong reduction in the production of mitochondrial CMS-inducing proteins (reviewed in Chen and Liu, 2014 ). (frontiersin.org)
During my PhD I worked in an RNA laboratory at Columbia University in New York where I was involved in the proteomic purification of the pre-mRNA 3'-end processing complex that led to the discovery of several novel proteins that connect mRNA processing with various nuclear pathways. (iit.it)
For some genes, the abundance of the circular RNA exceeds that of the associated linear mRNA by a factor of 10, raising the interesting possibility that the function of some protein-coding genes may actually be to produce circular noncoding RNAs, not proteins. (bcm.edu)
RNA is then translated into proteins by structures called ribosomes. (dekooktips.com)
Messenger RNA (mRNA) Carries information specifying amino acid sequences of proteins from DNA to ribosomes. (dekooktips.com)
We are interested primarily in mechanisms of post-transcriptional gene expression control, involving small non-coding RNAs and RNA-binding proteins. (unibas.ch)
KAPAC model for inferring the impact of RNA-binding proteins on polyadenylation. (unibas.ch)
The two main classes of RNA regulators are miRNAs and RNA-binding proteins. (unibas.ch)
For RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), both in vivo and in vitro binding data has been generated, but principled models describing the sequence specificity of RBPs are yet to be developed. (unibas.ch)
Lecture 2, 04/09/09, thu In this lecture we reviewed some general background in molecular biology, particularly the central genetic process (from DNA to Proteins). (ubc.ca)
We discussed the structure, function, and string representation of DNA, proteins and RNA and started discussing the basic processes of gene expression (transcription and translation). (ubc.ca)
The latter region of NS proteins, at the C-terminal part of the polyprotein, has a great contribution in the RNA replication process. (spandidos-publications.com)
The most crucial NS proteins are the viral helicase and the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The long isoform, NEAT1_2 (~23 kb), is essential for the formation of paraspeckles, ribonucleoprotein bodies found in mammalian cells, which regulate gene expression through the sequestration of RNA and proteins ( 8 ). (amegroups.org)
The NoV genome is 7.3-7.7 kb long with 3 open reading frames (ORFs) encoding a polyprotein that undergoes protease processing to produce several nonstructural proteins, including an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), a major capsid protein (VP1, capsid), and a minor capsid protein (VP2) ( 1 , 4 , 5 ). (cdc.gov)

The short-lived nature of bacterial RNAs, together with the highly complex nature of the cellular mRNA population, made the biochemical isolation of mRNA very challenging. (wikipedia.org)
This problem was overcome in the 1960s by the use of reticulocytes in vertebrates, which produce large quantities of mRNA that are highly enriched in RNA encoding alpha- and beta-globin (the two major protein chains of hemoglobin). (wikipedia.org)
The 3' regulatory regions have a great diversity of cis -regulatory elements directly involved in polyadenylation, stability, transport and mRNA translation, essential to achieve the desired levels of gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
Polyadenylation is essential for the stability of the transcript, preventing the mRNA from being the target of posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) via RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 6 (RDR6) in plants ( Luo and Chen, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
Because alternative RNA splicing allows different types of mRNA molecules to be created from a single gene, it generates the diversity of protein function and structure that is essential to complex organisms. (genomicglossaries.com)
They found that one round of amplification produced approximately 10 3 fold of the estimated amount of starting mRNA, and two rounds produced an approximately 10 5 fold increase. (genomicglossaries.com)
RNA-like oligonucleotides that are complementary to a portion of a target mRNA molecule. (genomicglossaries.com)
More specifically, antisense oligonucleotides that are useful as reagents for target validation , or as drugs, are engineered molecules that differ from natural RNA but that have a base sequence that is recognized as being complementary to a very specific mRNA sequence. (genomicglossaries.com)
A complementary RNA sequence that binds to a naturally occurring (sense) mRNA molecule, thus blocking its translation. (genomicglossaries.com)
CircRNAs are newly discovered noncoding RNAs formed through the alternative splicing of premessenger RNA (mRNA). (hindawi.com)
Here, we choose facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) as a model to determine whether or not targeting key 3' end elements involved in mRNA processing using antisense oligonucleotide drugs can be used as a strategy for gene silencing within a potentially therapeutic context. (nih.gov)
We conclude that targeting key functional 3' end elements involved in pre-mRNA to mRNA maturation with antisense drugs can lead to efficient gene silencing and is thus a potentially effective therapeutic strategy for at least FSHD. (nih.gov)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe 5'-3' exoribonuclease Dhp1 (dhp1), mRNA. (genscript.com)
The first class of small RNAs identified were the micro RNAs (miRNAs), which are small (~22 nt) non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by base pairing to mRNAs where they direct either mRNA cleavage or repress translation [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
These results suggest a similar contribution of PCIF1 to the fine regulation of RNA polymerase II activity in mammals, in addition to its mRNA methylation activity, whose role in mRNA translation efficiency is actively studied but still controversial. (cea.fr)
I then characterized in depth the functions of PARP1 and RBBP6 (implicated in DNA damage repair and cancer) unraveling their molecular mechanism of action within the context of pre-mRNA modification (specifically 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation). (iit.it)
In total, these results indicate that inhibition or slowing of canonical pre-mRNA processing events shifts the steady-state output of protein-coding genes towards circular RNAs, which likely helps explain why and how circular RNAs show tissue-specific expression profiles. (bcm.edu)
In particular, we are interested in determining how cellular cues can alter the ratio of linear mRNA to circular RNA for a given gene. (bcm.edu)
RNA processing in chloroplasts includes mRNA 5′- and 3′-end processing, intron splicing, and intercistronic cleavages of polycistronic messages, as well as typical tRNA and rRNA processing. (dekooktips.com)
They are messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). (dekooktips.com)
There are three types of RNA: mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. (dekooktips.com)
Additional RNAs are involved in gene regulation and mRNA degradation. (dekooktips.com)
What are the 3 parts of mRNA? (dekooktips.com)
and nucleotides at the 3′ end regulate the stability of the mRNA (Fig. 1.1). (dekooktips.com)
Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. (dekooktips.com)
mRNA is produced in the nucleus, as are all RNAs. (dekooktips.com)
There are three types of RNA involved in the translation process: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). (dekooktips.com)
The three main types of RNA directly involved in protein synthesis are messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA). (dekooktips.com)
Messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) are the three major types of RNA. (dekooktips.com)

In the latest genome annotation, lncRNAs, which are arbitrarily defined as noncoding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides, constitute ~72% of the transcribed genome 13 , whereas mRNAs comprise only 19%, indicating the need for functional annotation of lncRNAs. (nature.com)

The WNV genome is constituted by a single-stranded RNA molecule of positive polarity. (slideshare.net)
The patent also claims methods for the enzymatic preparation of 5'-activated, 3'-blocked DNA oligonucleotides from standard, single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides. (genomeweb.com)
Viroids are pathogenic circular, non-coding, single-stranded RNA molecules. (degruyter.com)
RNA is a single-stranded nucleic acid that is composed of three main elements: a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar and a phosphate group. (dekooktips.com)
For the evaluation of the accuracy and reliability of the model in structure‑based drug design strategies, the crystal structure of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) helicase was used, complexed with a single‑stranded RNA, a key molecule for the establishment of interactions with a future inhibitor of the SPONV helicase. (spandidos-publications.com)
Their viral particles (virions) are small (~50 nm), spherical and enveloped, that incorporate a single-stranded RNA of 9.5-12.5 kb ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

ELAV mediated 3'-end processing of ewg transcripts is evolutionary conserved despite sequence degeneration of the ELAV binding site. (findaphd.com)
In particular, the FANTOM (Functional Annotation of the Mammalian Genome) consortium pioneered the discovery of the noncoding RNA world by providing, through Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE-Seq), the first evidence that large portions of our genome are transcribed, producing a multitude of sense and antisense transcripts 12 . (nature.com)
The availability of multiple PAS in the same 3' regulatory region enables the inclusion or exclusion of 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) sequences, resulting in transcripts that may differ in particularities involving post-transcriptional processes such as stability, transport and translation ( Mayr, 2016 ), and even protein localization ( Berkovits and Mayr, 2015 ). (frontiersin.org)
To this end we used deep sequencing (GRO-seq and PRO-seq) and analyzed nascent mtDNA-encoded RNA transcripts in diverse human cell lines and metazoan organisms. (biorxiv.org)
Transcripts from this template were not susceptible to processing, but addition of rho protein resulted in two distinct truncated transcripts that could not be chased by excess unlabeled nucleotides. (elsevierpure.com)
Thus, functional rho and its cognate site, trp t′, appear necessary and sufficient to elicit the production of truncated transcripts by RNA polymerase II in a yeast whole-cell extract. (elsevierpure.com)
Upon inhibiting RNA polymerase II termination, circular RNA levels were similarly increased due to readthrough transcripts extending into downstream genes and being subjected to backsplicing. (bcm.edu)
Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. (bvsalud.org)

Biochemical fractionation experiments showed that radioactive amino acids were rapidly incorporated into small RNA molecules that remained soluble under conditions where larger RNA-containing particles would precipitate. (wikipedia.org)
These molecules were termed soluble (sRNA) and were later renamed transfer RNA (tRNA). (wikipedia.org)
The ability to work out the genetic code emerged from the convergence of three different areas of study--(i) new methods to generate synthetic RNA molecules of defined composition to serve as artificial mRNAs, (ii) development of in vitro translation systems that could be used to translate the synthetic mRNAs into protein, and (iii) experimental and theoretical genetic work which established that the code was written in three letter "words" (codons). (wikipedia.org)
RNA molecules which hybridize to complementary sequences in either RNA or DNA altering the function of the latter. (genomicglossaries.com)
The processed data files contain the number of molecules counted for each gene based on counting reads with HTSeq and filtering the UMIs to identify unique molecules. (nih.gov)
Small RNAs have proven to be essential regulatory molecules encoded within eukaryotic genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
At least in plants, DNA regions that become de novo methylated can be defined by homologous RNA molecules in a process termed RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). (degruyter.com)
Upon inoculation, mature Pospiviroidae RNA molecules enter the plant cell nucleus. (degruyter.com)
This reservoir has dramatically increased in the past few years and it now contains over 1700 tertiary RNA structures, both, in the form of isolated molecules as well as RNA-protein and ligand complexes. (biomedcentral.com)
This enzyme is a DNA exonuclease, which means that it trims molecules of DNA by removing DNA building blocks (nucleotides) from the ends of the molecules. (medlineplus.gov)
These DNA and RNA molecules may be mistaken by cells for the genetic material of viral invaders, triggering immune system reactions that damage the brain, skin, and other organs and systems and result in the signs and symptoms of Aicardi-Goutières syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)

This RNA molecule of about 11k nucleotides in length encodes a polyprotein in a single open reading frame that is flanked by two non-coding regions (NCRs) located at the 5' and 3' ends of the genome. (slideshare.net)

DEAD-box helicase DDX27 regulates 3' end formation of ribosomal 47S RNA and stably associates with the PeBoW-complex. (nih.gov)
PeBoW, a trimeric complex consisting of pescadillo (Pes1), block of proliferation (Bop1), and the WD repeat protein 12 (WDR12), is essential for processing and maturation of mammalian 5.8S and 28S ribosomal RNAs. (cipsm.de)
The other two forms of RNA, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA), are involved in the process of ordering the amino acids to make the protein. (dekooktips.com)

These modifications include the addition of a cap at the 5' end and polyadenosines tail at the 3' end, as well as the addition of methyl groups on various nucleotides. (cea.fr)
and modifying RNA nucleotides either at the ends of an RNA or within the body of the RNA. (dekooktips.com)

To obtain mechanistic insights into how phosphorylation impacts on alternative splicing regulation we will combine available structural information for molecular modelling of ELAV multimerization and RNA binding to instruct experimental validation. (findaphd.com)
Home / Teams / Epigenetic regulation of cell identity and environmental stress responses - F. Palladino / Publications / RNA polymerase II CTD S2P is dispensable for embryogenesis but mediates exit from developmental diapause in C. elegans. (ens-lyon.fr)
These short RNAs participate in a diverse array of cellular processes including gene regulation, chromatin dynamics and genome defense. (biomedcentral.com)
The characterization of new miRNA target genes and a unique profile for crasiRNAs has allowed for insight into multiple RNA mediated processes in the tammar, including gene regulation, species incompatibilities, centromere and chromosome function. (biomedcentral.com)
Small RNAs play important roles in many aspects of pre- and post-transcriptional gene regulation, epigenetic modifications, chromosome segregation and genome structure. (biomedcentral.com)
The 84th Cold Spring Harbor Symposium focused on RNA Control & Regulation and provided a current synthesis of the enormous progress in our understanding of RNA's influence on cells and organisms and how, when aberrant, its effects may contribute to the progression of disease. (cshlpress.com)
In eukaryotes, gene expression is a complex process, with many steps, all amenable to regulation. (unibas.ch)

We describe the first report of RNA sequencing of 5' capped (Pol II) RNAs isolated from acutely hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected Huh 7.5 cells that provides a general approach to identifying differentially expressed annotated and unannotated genes that participate in viral-host interactions. (mdpi.com)
Deep RNA-DNA, RNA-protein interaction studies, and phenotype rescue analyses reveal that LETR1 is a nuclear trans-acting lncRNA modulating, via key epigenetic factors, the expression of essential target genes, including KLF4 and SEMA3C , governing the growth and migratory ability of LECs. (nature.com)
Synthetic antisense RNAs are used to effect the functioning of specific genes for investigative or therapeutic purposes. (genomicglossaries.com)
This bi-genomic division is accompanied by profoundly different transcription regulatory system: whereas nDNA-encoded genes are transcribed individually by RNA polymerase 2 and the general nuclear transcription machinery, mtDNA transcription is long known to be regulated mainly by a dedicated RNA polymerase (POLRMT) and mtDNA-specific transcription factors (TFAM and TFB2) ( Shutt and Shadel 2010 ). (biorxiv.org)
Deep sequencing has revealed thousands of eukaryotic protein-coding genes that defy the central dogma, producing circular noncoding RNAs rather than linear messenger RNAs. (bcm.edu)
With the exception of the first and last exons of genes, every other exon in the genome has splicing signals at its 5' and 3' ends and theoretically can circularize. (bcm.edu)
Multiple biosynthetic pathways such as sterol synthesis were among the top shared processes, where both unique and shared genes constituted leading-edge subsets. (lu.se)

During the early 1960s, sophisticated genetic analysis of mutations in the lac operon of E. coli and in the rII locus of bacteriophage T4 were instrumental in defining the nature of both messenger RNA and the genetic code. (wikipedia.org)
In 1961, French scientists François Jacob and Jacques Monod hypothesized the existence of an intermediary between DNA and its protein products, which they called messenger RNA. (dekooktips.com)

Title: Involvement of fission yeast Pdc2 in RNA degradation and P-body function. (genscript.com)
The recruitment of this machinery results in the production of viroid-derived small RNAs (vd-sRNAs) that mediate RNA degradation and DNA methylation of cognate sequences. (degruyter.com)
The production, processing and degradation of RNAs is modulated by various protein complexes that recognize short sequence motifs in their targets. (unibas.ch)

Numerous key discoveries in biology have emerged from studies of RNA (ribonucleic acid), including seminal work in the fields of biochemistry, genetics, microbiology, molecular biology, molecular evolution and structural biology. (wikipedia.org)
RNA Biology. (aau.dk)
Since then, she has been working as a postodoc in Dr. Wassenegger's lab (RLP AgroScience GmbH, AlPlanta) and her main field of interest is RNA-interference (RNAi) and viroid biology in plants. (degruyter.com)
Previous Cold Spring Harbor Symposia have addressed many different aspects of RNA biology such as Mechanisms of Transcription (1998), The Ribosome (2001), Epigenetics (2004) and Regulatory RNAs (2006). (cshlpress.com)

The ability of rho to halt the eukaryotic enzyme strengthens the likelihood that a rho-like helicase may be involved in RNA polymerase II transcription termination. (elsevierpure.com)

As part of the genome sequencing initiative for the tammar, we have explored the evolution of each of the major classes of mammalian small RNAs in an Australian marsupial for the first time, including the first genome-scale analysis of the newest class of small RNAs, centromere repeat associated short interacting RNAs (crasiRNAs). (biomedcentral.com)
Studies carried out by scientists at IRIG, in collaboration with the University of Geneva, on the fruit fly model Drosophila melanogaster have revealed the role of Pcif1 in the control of gene expression, despite the fact that this protein has completely lost its RNA methyltransferase activity compared to its mammalian counterpart PCIF1. (cea.fr)
Researchers at IRIG, in collaboration with the University of Geneva, focused on a RNA mammalian methyltransferase, the PCIF1 protein (homologous to the Drosophila Pcif1 protein), which adds an extra methyl group to m 6 A (m 6 adenosine) to form m 6 Am when the first transcribed nucleotide is an adenosine. (cea.fr)

Using next generation sequencing, we have characterized the major classes of small RNAs, micro (mi) RNAs, piwi interacting (pi) RNAs, and the centromere repeat associated short interacting (crasi) RNAs in the tammar. (biomedcentral.com)
A survey of the tammar gonadal piRNAs shows that these small RNAs are enriched in retroelements and carry members from both marsupial and tammar-specific repeat classes. (biomedcentral.com)
These small RNAs are derived largely from centromere-enriched retroelements, including a novel SINE. (biomedcentral.com)
This study encompasses the first analyses of the major classes of small RNAs for the newly completed tammar genome, validates preliminary annotations using deep sequencing and computational approaches, and provides a foundation for future work on tammar-specific as well as conserved, but previously unknown small RNA progenitors and targets identified herein. (biomedcentral.com)
Each class of small RNAs is synthesized by a distinct mechanism and each has discrete biological functions. (biomedcentral.com)
Another class of important small RNAs is the piRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
Further, using RAPID, we investigated the aberrations of endo-siRNAs, and their respective transcriptomic alterations caused by an RNAi pathway triggered by feeding small RNAs against a target gene. (uni-frankfurt.de)

We developed a generic automated eukaryotic short interfering RNA (siRNA) analysis tool, called RAPID. (uni-frankfurt.de)
Almost any sequence can now be efficiently circularized in eukaryotic cells, which has enabled us (and others) to begin to ask how circular RNAs function. (bcm.edu)
Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. (bvsalud.org)

Further, we developed a pipeline to characterise novel genome-wide endogenous short interfering RNAs (endo-siRNAs). (uni-frankfurt.de)

Post-transcriptional modifications of miRNAs with 3' non-templated nucleotide additions (NTA) are a common phenomenon, and for a handful of miRNAs the additions have been demonstrated to modulate miRNA stability. (nih.gov)
The mechanism of this global miRNA suppression appears to be indirect, as it occurred irrespective of changes in 3' nucleotide addition. (nih.gov)
In conclusion, our results suggest that TUT1 affects miRNAs through both a direct effect on 3' nucleotide additions to specific miRNAs and a separate, indirect effect on miRNA abundance more globally. (nih.gov)

After second- strand cDNA synthesis, T7 RNA polymerase was used to generate aRNA. (genomicglossaries.com)
Following second strand synthesis using DNA Polymerase I and reagents from the MessageAmp II kit (Ambion), ds-cDNA from all barcoded individual cells was pre-amplified by in vitro transcription using T7 RNA polymerase in a pool. (nih.gov)
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis. (dekooktips.com)
What are the three types of RNA and their role in protein synthesis? (dekooktips.com)
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. (bvsalud.org)

During evolution, this protein naturally lost its catalytic activity in Drosophila where Pcif1 is, like its human counterpart, expressed in the nucleus and associated with the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase (RNA Pol II). (cea.fr)
This protein binds to the phosphorylated form of serine 5 of RNA polymerase II ( Figure ) and may directly modulate its activity or promote the recruitment of chromatin components. (cea.fr)
Presumably, this process involves the interaction between the host's bromodomain-containing viroid RNA-binding protein 1 (VIRP1) and the viroid's TR domain (6). (degruyter.com)
A mutated rho protein, while only partly defective with E. coli polymerase, failed to provoke arrest when transcription was carried out by RNA polymerase II. (elsevierpure.com)
Wu, SY & Platt, T 1993, ' Transcriptional arrest of yeast RNA polymerase II by Escherichia coli rho protein in vitro ', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , vol. 90, no. 14, pp. 6606-6610. (elsevierpure.com)

Surprisingly, when spliceosome components were depleted or inhibited pharmacologically, the steady-state levels of circular RNAs increased while expression of their associated linear mRNAs concomitantly decreased. (bcm.edu)

Endogenous antisense RNAs function as regulators of gene expression by a variety of mechanisms. (genomicglossaries.com)

We examined each of these small RNA classes with respect to the newly assembled tammar wallaby genome for gene and repeat features, salient features that define their canonical sequences, and the constitution of both highly conserved and species-specific members. (biomedcentral.com)
The RNA FRABASE 2.0 search engine algorithms operate on the database of the RNA sequences and the new library of RNA secondary structures, coded in the dot-bracket format extended to hold multi-stranded structures and to cover residues whose coordinates are missing in the PDB files. (biomedcentral.com)

Our work uncovers a previously unidentified role for 3'-end processing and transcription termination machinery in gene silencing. (genscript.com)
Pac1 and Dhp1p are essential for RNA production and transcript termination. (genscript.com)
Title: Pac1 endonuclease and Dhp1p 5'-->3' exonuclease are required for U3 snoRNA termination in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. (genscript.com)
Transcription in our processing-proficient extract was thus insufficient to cause termination. (elsevierpure.com)

Serine 2 phosphorylation (S2P) within the CTD of RNA polymerase II is considered aCdk9/Cdk12-dependent mark required for 3'-end processing. (ens-lyon.fr)
The complex regulates histone H2B ubiquitination, histone H3 methylation, RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) Ser2 phosphorylation, and RNA 3' end processing. (embl-heidelberg.de)

Further, this project will apply statistical analysis of data and we willl use molecular modelling of available structural information to make predictions how phosphorylations impacts on ELAV multimerization and RNA binding. (findaphd.com)
The pools of amplified RNA from each lane of the microfluidic device were individually reverse transcribed using barcoded random hexamers containing both a unique molecular identifier (random 8-base barcode) followed by a lane-identifying barcode (6-base barcode). (nih.gov)
Molecular Cell , 64 (3), 520-533. (au.dk)

Although a small number of 3' regulatory regions have been identified and validated so far, many studies have shown that plant 3' regulatory regions have a higher potential to regulate gene expression in plants compared to widely used 3' regulatory regions, such as NOS and OCS from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and 35S from cauliflower mosaic virus. (frontiersin.org)

RNA which contains an intron sequence that has an enzyme- like catalytic activity. (genomicglossaries.com)
We propose that this is because cross-exon interactions are not easily replaced with cross-intron interactions, thereby causing spliceosomes to preferentially assemble across an exon and generate a circular RNA. (bcm.edu)

Since then, he has been working as a postodoc in Dr. Wassenegger's lab (RLP AgroScience GmbH, AlPlanta) and his main field of interest is RNA-interference (RNAi) and RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) in plants. (degruyter.com)
We also predicted phasing of siRNAs, which are regulated by the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. (uni-frankfurt.de)
We find that the small RNA transcriptome is altered, even if a gene unrelated to RNAi pathway is targeted. (uni-frankfurt.de)

2022 Nov 3;16:1027269. (lu.se)

Predicted to be involved in rRNA processing. (nih.gov)
We conclude that DDX27 can interact specifically with the Pes1 and Bop1 but fulfils critical function(s) for proper 3′ end formation of 47S rRNA independently of the PeBoW-complex. (cipsm.de)

Methods are claimed that enable the dual end-tagging of RNA to prepare libraries for analysis by applications such as next-generation RNA sequencing, qPCR, microarray analysis, or cloning. (genomeweb.com)

To detect porcine NoVs and assess their genetic diversity and relatedness to human NoVs, we screened 275 pig fecal samples from US swine by RT-PCR with a calicivirus universal primer pair p290/110 targeting the RdRp region ( 15 , 16 ), followed by sequencing the 3 kb on the 3´ end of the genome for 5 NoV strains. (cdc.gov)

A biological process that is crucial for gene expression in most animal life, including humans. (genomicglossaries.com)
High-throughput RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis have led to the identification of several novel circRNAs that exhibit biological characteristics and regulatory functions [ 6 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
The harmony between Mutation Theory and Mendel model of heredity, the simplicity of the experimental method and the vast accumulation of supporting data, explain the big impact in the biological world [ 3 ]. (intechopen.com)
In this respect, a deeper knowledge of complex three-dimensional RNA structures is essential to understand their new biological functions. (biomedcentral.com)
A deep knowledge of complex three-dimensional folds of RNA structures is essential to understand the range of their biological functions. (biomedcentral.com)

Recent studies have revealed the importance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as tissue-specific regulators of gene expression. (nature.com)
To this end, we develop models to explain various properties of RNAs, such as the usage of specific processing sites or the expression level of individual isoforms in terms of the combination of binding sites that these RNAs have for various regulators. (unibas.ch)
This enabled us to identify novel regulators of RNA processing. (unibas.ch)

Backsplicing produces circular RNAs From Wilusz and Sharp (2013) Science 340: 440-441. (bcm.edu)

Researchers at Stanford University used such a method to produce amplified heterogeneous populations of RNA from limited quantities of cDNA. (genomicglossaries.com)
Amplified RNA synthesized from limited quantities of heterogeneous cDNA. (genomicglossaries.com)
Single-cell suspensions were processed through Drop-Seq to generate single-cell cDNA libraries attached to microbeads. (nih.gov)
Microbeads were counted, and amplified by PCR, and the 3' end of the cDNA prepared for sequencing using a modified Nextera XT protocol. (nih.gov)

Here we examine the changes in abundance of miRNAs that exhibit altered 3' NTA following the suppression of a panel of nucleotidyl transferases in cancer cell lines. (nih.gov)
Among the miRNAs examined, those with increased 3' additions showed a significant decrease in abundance. (nih.gov)
More specifically, miRNAs that gained a 3' uridine were associated with the greatest decrease in expression, consistent with a model in which 3' uridylation influences miRNA stability. (nih.gov)
Following a complex process of miRNA transcription, processing, and nuclear export, miRNAs are further processed by the RNaseIII enzyme, Dicer, and its cofactor TRBP. (biomedcentral.com)

More recently, another group of researchers reported that they had developed a process for optimizing low- abundance RNA, by combining aRNA amplification with template- switching. (genomicglossaries.com)

As a result, circRNAs exert important roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
What are the three main types of RNA describe their roles quizlet? (dekooktips.com)
New roles for the major human 3'-5' exonuclease TREX1 in human disease. (medlineplus.gov)

Being a promising antiviral target, helicase inhibition leads to the pause of the replication, proliferation and consequently, to the survival and transmission of Flaviviridae viruses ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Om de replicatie te beginnen, wikkelt een enzym, helicase, de DNA-helix af en verbreekt de waterstofbruggen tussen de twee strengen. (jove.com)

In 1933, while studying virgin sea urchin eggs, Jean Brachet suggested that DNA is found in cell nucleus and that RNA is present exclusively in the cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
A function of Pdc2-Lsm1, in concert with Dhp1, regulating RNA by promoting its decapping/destruction in the nucleus of Schizosaccharomyces pombe was suggested. (genscript.com)
The fly Pcif1 expressed in the nucleus and binds the phosphorylated C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA Pol II (at the level of phosph orylated s erine 5). (cea.fr)
Members of the Pospiviroidae family replicate in the nucleus through double-stranded RNA intermediates, attracting the host RNA silencing machinery. (degruyter.com)
They are classified into two families, the Pospiviroidae and the Avsunviroidae, whose members replicate in the nucleus and the chloroplast, respectively (3). (degruyter.com)

87(5): 1663-1667] Specifically, the investigators started by priming whole cerebellar RNA with a synthetic oligonucleotide containing a T7 RNA polymerase promoter sequence. (genomicglossaries.com)
Read 1 of our single cell RNA-Seq data contains a cell-identifying barcode sequence followed by poly(dT), and read 2 contains a 8-base UMI followed by a 6-base lane-identifying barcode and a transcript sequence. (nih.gov)
Based on sequence analysis of 3 kb on the 3 end of 5 like particles (VLPs) of Sw918 strain cross-react with anti- porcine NoVs, 3 genotypes in GII and a potential recombi- bodies against human GII but not GI NoVs (14). (cdc.gov)
Although mechanistically simple, this step occurs in a highly selective manner, as the sequence of the repeats can drastically alter the efficiency of circular RNA production. (bcm.edu)
Six samples were positive for NoV. Based on sequence analysis of 3 kb on the 3´ end of 5 porcine NoVs, 3 genotypes in GII and a potential recombinant were identified. (cdc.gov)

These RNA species thus represented stably paused or terminated polymerase II products, and their absence when a mutated unresponsive trp t′ template was used affirmed that they were due to the effects of rho. (elsevierpure.com)

Most mature circular RNAs accumulate in the cytoplasm, and we revealed the first insights into how their nuclear export is controlled in a length-dependent manner. (bcm.edu)

Throughout my career I focused on understanding the cellular mechanisms underlying principles of gene expression and cell identity, aiming to shed light on the basic principles that govern these processes, both in physiological and pathological conditions. (iit.it)

By revealing the fundamental mechanisms by which circular RNAs are generated, we have developed plasmid and viral-based methods for ectopically expressing circular RNAs. (bcm.edu)

One of the most difficult issues in mining available structural data is the search of RNA structural motifs and fragments in a conformational space. (biomedcentral.com)

We have designed a probe for the coding region of the Dicer1 gene (in red), probe which binds to both the short and the long 3' UTR isoform, as well as a probe for the region that is unique to the long 3'UTR isoform (in green). (unibas.ch)

At the time, "yeast nucleic acid" (RNA) was thought to occur only in plants, while "thymus nucleic acid" (DNA) only in animals. (wikipedia.org)
A promoter-independent assay utilizing poly(dC)-tailed DNA templates has revealed that Saccharomyces cerevisiae whole-cell extracts can be proficient for transcription by the endogenous yeast RNA polymerase II as well as for correct 3′-end RNA processing. (elsevierpure.com)
E. coli RNA polymerase added to a yeast extract pretreated with α-amanitin was also halted by rho at these same two sites. (elsevierpure.com)

Recent discoveries concerning novel functions of RNA, such as RNA interference, have contributed towards the growing importance of the field. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy14

Organisms26

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs117

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes80

Information Science4

Health Care1

Proteins25

MRNA29

Transcribed genome1

Single-stranded6

Transcripts8

Molecules11

Molecule1

Ribosomal3

Nucleotides2

Regulation7

Genes7

Messenger RNA2

Degradation3

Biology4

Polymerase II transcription1

Mammalian3

Small RNAs7

Eukaryotic3

Endogenous short1

Nucleotide3

Synthesis5

Protein5

MRNAs1

Antisense1

Sequences2

Termination4

Phosphorylation2

Molecular3

Regulate1

Intron2

RNAi3

20221

RRNA2

Microarray analysis1

Genetic1

Biological5

Regulators3

Wilusz1

CDNA4

MiRNAs4

Abundance1

Roles3

Helicase2

Nucleus5

Sequence5

Stably1

Cytoplasm1

Physiological and pathological1

Mechanisms1

Motifs1

Binds1

Yeast3

Interference1