The gene product of KRAS, the K-Ras protein, was first found as a p21 GTPase. (wikipedia.org)
Times on human genes1
This domain occurred 368 times on human genes ( 846 proteins). (umbc.edu)
Homolog1
citation needed] This proto-oncogene is a Kirsten ras oncogene homolog from the mammalian Ras gene family. (wikipedia.org)
NRas8
The NRAS gene provides instructions for making a protein called N-Ras that is involved primarily in regulating cell division. (medlineplus.gov)
The NRAS gene belongs to a class of genes known as oncogenes. (medlineplus.gov)
At least two mutations in the NRAS gene have been found to cause giant congenital melanocytic nevus. (medlineplus.gov)
The NRAS gene mutations that cause this condition are somatic, meaning that they occur during a person's lifetime and are present only in certain cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Somatic mutations in the NRAS gene are involved in the development of several types of cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
Studies suggest that NRAS gene mutations are common in the aggressive skin cancer melanoma, including individuals without giant congenital melanocytic nevus (described above). (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in the NRAS gene have also been found in other types of cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
For reasons that are unclear, inherited mutations in the NRAS gene do not appear to increase the risk of cancer in people with Noonan syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
Encodes2
As of 2008, the most reliable way to predict whether a colorectal cancer patient will respond to one of the EGFR-inhibiting drugs was to test for certain "activating" mutations in the gene that encodes KRAS, which occurs in 30%-50% of colorectal cancers. (wikipedia.org)
The proto-oncogene c-ros encodes an orphan receptor tyr kinase (RTK) with an unknown ligand. (umbc.edu)
KRAS10
KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma virus) is a gene that provides instructions for making a protein called K-Ras, a part of the RAS/MAPK pathway. (wikipedia.org)
It is called KRAS because it was first identified as a viral oncogene in the Kirsten RAt Sarcoma virus. (wikipedia.org)
The oncogene identified was derived from a cellular genome, so KRAS, when found in a cellular genome, is called a proto-oncogene. (wikipedia.org)
There are two protein products of the KRAS gene in mammalian cells that result from the use of alternative exon 4 (exon 4A and 4B respectively): K-Ras4A and K-Ras4B. (wikipedia.org)
Studies show patients whose tumors express the mutated version of the KRAS gene will not respond to cetuximab or panitumumab. (wikipedia.org)
As of 2009 although presence of the wild-type (or normal) KRAS gene does not guarantee that these drugs will work, a number of large studies had shown that cetuximab had efficacy in mCRC patients with KRAS wild-type tumors. (wikipedia.org)
In the Phase III CRYSTAL study, published in 2009, patients with the wild-type KRAS gene treated with Erbitux plus chemotherapy showed a response rate of up to 59% compared to those treated with chemotherapy alone. (wikipedia.org)
Patients with the KRAS wild-type gene also showed a 32% decreased risk of disease progression compared to patients receiving chemotherapy alone. (wikipedia.org)
Postzygotic HRAS and KRAS mutations cause nevus sebaceous and Schimmelpenning syndrome. (univ-paris5.fr)
Methylation pattern of oncogene HRAS gene promoter region and its clinical relevance to urocystic tumorigenesis. (univ-paris5.fr)
Neonatal lethal Costello syndrome and unusual dinucleotide deletion/insertion mutations in HRAS predicting p.Gly12Val. (univ-paris5.fr)
Costello syndrome: a Ras/mitogen activated protein kinase pathway syndrome (rasopathy) resulting from HRAS germline mutations. (univ-paris5.fr)
Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome1
OBJECTIVES: To describe 11 patients with cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFC) and compare them with 130 patients with other RAS-MAPK syndromes (111 Noonan syndrome patients [NS] and 19 patients with LEOPARD syndrome). (bvsalud.org)
Congenital2
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia was ruled out and molecular analysis of POR gene showed the missense mutation p.Gly539Arg in compound heterozygosity located at splice acceptor site of intron 2 and the coding variant p.Gly80Arg. (bvsalud.org)
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Molecular characterization of congenital heart diseases now includes the not infrequent dysmorphic Noonan syndrome. (bvsalud.org)
RASopathy1
A new online study by Paige Naylor, doctoral candidate at Palo Alto University in California, is recruiting families who has a child with any RASopathy syndrome between the ages of 8-18, and who can communicate in English. (rasopathiesnet.org)
Proteins1
The proteins produced from these three genes are GTPases. (medlineplus.gov)
Pathway1
A study of 6 genes of the RAS-MAPK pathway in Spanish patients is presented: the impact of heart disease, clinical expressivity, and diagnostic yield are investigated. (bvsalud.org)
Cancer5
Cachexia represents a complex multi-organ syndrome associated with cancer and chronic diseases. (mdpi.com)
They were identified as the first proto-oncogene products, and they regulate cell adhesion, invasion, and motility in cancer cells and tumor vasculature, contributing to cancer progression and metastasis. (umbc.edu)
Cancer is considered a genetic disease because it is caused by changes to the genes that control the way our cells function. (qualifyingconditions.com)
In 2016, the same team of researchers found CBDA to effectively inhibit the migration of breast cancer cells and was able to identify the effect to be associated with the cannabinoid's downregulation of the proto-oncogene c-fos and the enzyme cyclooxygenase-294. (qualifyingconditions.com)
The ability to stimulate appetite in cancer patients is significant in helping to prevent wasting syndrome related to cancer treatments. (qualifyingconditions.com)
Patients2
Short stature, developmental delay, language difficulties and ectodermal anomalies were more frequent in CFC patients when compared with other neuro-cardio-faciocutaneous syndromes (P (bvsalud.org)
Next Generation Sequencing was conducted to find out the potential causative gene variants in all patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Potential1
When mutated, oncogenes have the potential to cause normal cells to become cancerous. (medlineplus.gov)
Complex1
Mitochondrial MICOS complex genes, implicated in hypoplastic left heart syndrome, maintain cardiac contractility and actomyosin integrity. (ucsd.edu)